2026届高考英语外研版2019一轮复习UNIT 6　Earth first

UNIT6

Earthfirst主题语境

环境保护必修第二册背多分1核心单词多维速背1.release v.

释放，排放2.highlight v.

使……突出，使注意力集中于3.attitude n.

看法，态度4.supply n.(煤气、电力、自来水等)供应(系统)5.average adj.

平均(数)的6.amount n.

数量，数额7.campaign n.(宣传)活动8.electricity n.

电9.false adj.

不正确的，错误的10.device n.

设备，仪器，装置11.canteen n.(工厂、学校等的)食堂，餐厅12.brochure n.

小册子13.greenhouse n.

温室，暖房14.staff n.

员工15.mode n.(机器、设备的)运行方式，状态，模式16.solar adj.

利用太阳光(能)的17.shark n.

鲨(鱼)18.appliance n.

家用电器，家用器具19.bulb n.

灯泡20.litre n.

升，公升21.fin v.

切去(鱼的)鳍

n.

鱼鳍5.devotev.

致力，献身，倾注→devoted

adj.

挚爱的；忠诚的→devotion

n.

奉献；专心6.oceann.

海洋；大海→oceanic

adj.

海洋的；大海的；与海洋有关的7.cruelty

n.

残忍，残酷，残暴→crueladj.

残忍的→cruelly

adv.

残忍地8.hunting

n.

打猎，狩猎→huntv.

打猎；猎取；搜寻→hunter

n.

猎人9.presentation

n.

报告，(观点的)陈述，说明→presentvt.

呈现；展示；说明29.leakvi.&vt.(使)漏，(使)渗漏；透露n.

漏洞；裂缝；透露→leaky

adj.

有漏洞的；有漏隙的；渗漏的→leakage

n.

泄漏量；漏损量；泄漏；渗漏30.removev.

移走，搬走，去掉；去除；免除→removal

n.

移

走；拿去；去掉；消除31.urgev.

竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促→urgent

adj.

紧急的；紧迫的→urgency

n.

紧急；催促32.concerned

adj.

焦急的，担忧的→concernvt.

使担忧；涉及n.

担忧→concerning

prep.

关于33.contributev.

促成，造成(某事发生)；贡献；捐赠；撰稿→contribution

n.

贡献；捐款；稿件；促成作用→contributor

n.

促成物；捐款者；撰稿人34.plugn.(电)插头；堵塞物vt.

封堵；补足→unplugvt.

拔掉……的电源插头35.electricity

n.

电；电能；强烈的感情；激动→electricadj.

电

的；用电的；令人激动的词缀记忆法：形容词后缀-ous表示“具有……性质的；充满……的”①infect使感染；传染→infectious

传染性的②humor幽默→humorous

幽默的③courage勇气→courageous

勇敢的④caution谨慎；小心→cautious

谨慎的；小心的⑤continue继续→continuous

持续的⑥fame名声→famous

著名的；出名的⑦danger危险→dangerous

危险的⑧harmony融洽；和睦→harmonious

和睦的；融洽的⑨anxiety焦虑→anxious

焦虑的⑩envy嫉妒；羡慕→envious

嫉妒的；羡慕的语义记忆法：与“灾难”相关的名词①flood

洪灾②drought 旱灾③tornado 龙卷风④earthquake 地震⑤fog 雾⑥smog 雾霾⑦epidemic 流行病①Harrysawhis________(scare)whiteface.哈利看见了他惊恐煞白的脸。②Itwasso________(scare)amomentthatmyheartwashammeringinmychest.那一刻真是吓人，我吓得心怦怦直跳。③Meredithwasscared________himandshrankback.梅雷迪斯害怕

他，退缩了。④Shescared

the

life

out

of

mewhenshecreptupbehindmeandshoutedinmyear.她蹑手蹑脚地走到我身后对着我耳朵大喊一声，把我的魂都吓飞了。scaredscaryof2.devote

vt.

致力；献身；倾注1)devote

one’s

time/energies/life

to

(doing)

sth.

把某人的时间/精力/生命奉献于(做)某事devote

oneself

to

(doing)

sth.

献身于(做)某事；致力于(做)某事2)be

devoted

to

(doing)

sth.

专心于(做)某事；奉献于(做)某事①Responsibleand________(devote)tocommunitywork,heispraisedbythepeoplearound.他有责任心，致力于社区工作，受到了周围人的称赞。(写人短文)②Istillrememberwhatyouhavedevoted

to___________(improve)myoralEnglishandwritingskills.我仍然记得您为提高我的英语口语和写作能力所付出的努力。(感谢信)devotedimproving①__________(affect)bythoseselflessdoctors,Ihave

developed

a

deep

affection

forthecareer.在那些无私的医生的影响下，我喜欢上了这个职业。(短文)②Largeamountsofdonationshavebeenfloodingintothe___________(affect)areas.大量捐款源源不断地涌入受灾地区。(报道)Affectedaffected①Adopt

the

following

scientific

learning

methods,andyouwillmakegreatprogress.采用以下科学的学习方法，你会取得很大进步。(建议信)②He___________(adopt)anairofindifference.Maryfeltarushofanger.他摆出一副满不在乎的样子。玛丽气坏了。(续写神态+情感描写)adopted5.reduce

vt.

①减少；缩小

②迫使；使陷入reduce

to

...

降至……reduce

by

...

减少了……reduce

sb.

to

tears/silence

使某人流泪/沉默reduce

sth.

to

ruins/ashes

把某物变为废墟/化为灰烬be

reduced

to

...

沦落为……；减少到……(to为介词)①Oneofthemosteffectivewaystoreduce

stressistotalkaboutyourfeelingswithsomeoneyoutrust.减少压力最有效的方法之一是与信任的人谈谈你的感受。(建议信)②ThetimecameforAnnetoleaveforcollege.BothAnneandMarilla__________________(reduce)totears.安妮要上大学了。安妮和玛丽拉都哭了。werereduced①Withthefinalexamapproaching,________majority

ofstudentsareunderpressure.随着期末考试的到来，大多数学生压力很大。(倡议书)②Iwasselectedtobetheleadingroleintheplay__________a

majority

of50,makingmeexcited.我以50票的优势被选为该剧的主角，这让我很激动。(续写情感描写)a/theby/with7.amount

n.

①数量；数额

②金额

vi.

③总计；共计

④相当于；等于1)the

amount

of

……的数量a

small/large/huge

amount

of+n.

[U]+v.(单数)small/large/huge

amounts

of+n.

[U]+v.(复数)2)amount

to

达到；合计；相当于；等于；意味着①A

large

amount

ofmoneyraisedinthecharitysalehas

been

donatedtothelocalschool.在慈善义卖中筹集的一大笔钱已被捐给了当地的学校。(活动介绍)②Mompattedmeontheshoulder,sayingseriously,“Lazypeoplewillamount________nothinginlife.”妈妈拍着我的肩膀严肃地说：“懒惰的人在生活中将一事无成。”(浙江高考续写)to8.urge

vt.

①竭力主张，强烈要求

②敦促

n.

③强烈的欲望；冲动1)urge

sth./sb.on

催促某物/某人前进urge

sb.to

do

sth.

催促某人做某事urge

that

...(should)

do

sth.

极力主张……做某事It

is

urged

that

...(should)

do

sth.

坚决要求……做某事。2)the

urge

to

do

sth.

做某事的渴望have

an

urge

to

do

sth.

很渴望做某事①It

is

urged

thatwestudentstakeregularexercisetokeepfitandenergetic.坚决要求我们学生经常锻炼，以保持身体健康和精力充

沛。(倡议书)②Iwasembarrassed,butIfoughtbackthesuddenurge________(run)offthestage.我感到很尴尬，突然很想跑下台，但我忍住了。(续写情感描写)torun9.contribute

v.

①促成，造成(某事发生)

vi.

&

vt.

②捐助；捐赠

③投稿1)contribute

...

to

...

捐助……给……；向……投稿contribute

to

有助于；导致；促成；向……捐款/投稿2)make

a

contribution/contributions

to

...

为……作贡献①Nowadays,mentalhealthisasequallyimportantasphysicalhealth,contributing

toshapingourcharacter.如今，心理健康与身体健康同样重要，有助于塑造我们的性格。②Thecommunityservicewasajobworthwhiletodo,somethingpositiveIcoulddotomake______________(contribute)totheworld.社区服务很值得做，是一份我能为世界做出积极贡献的工作。(2022·浙江高考续写升华句)contributions10.average

adj.

①平均(数)的

②正常的

③普通的

n.

④平均数

⑤平均水平

v.

⑥计算出……的平均数

⑦平均为1)an

average

of

平均有(后跟数词)the

average

of

……的平均数2)on

average

平均起来above/below

average

在平均水平以上/以下3)average

...

out

算出……的平均数①Hisacademicperformanceiswellabove

average,butheisstillmodestandhelpful.他的学习成绩远超过其他同学，但他仍然十分谦虚，而且乐于助人。(人物介绍)②ThemoneyBernardmadedailyaveraged

outat6dollars,enoughtocovertheirexpenses.伯纳德平均每天挣6美元，足以支付他们的开

销。(新高考Ⅰ卷续写)背多分2短语句型多维速背save

the

sharks

拯救鲨鱼long-heldideaofsharks对鲨鱼的固有印象1.see...as

把……看作2.bewrongabout

误解；弄错3.bymistake错误地4.ratherthan

而不是5.theotherwayround相反6.bescared/frightened/afraidof害怕7.infear惊恐地reasonsbehindthedecreaseofsharks

鲨鱼减少的原因8.dueto

由于，因为9.finning/cutofffins切掉鱼鳍10.havea(n)...effectupon...对……有……影响11.protect...fromextinction保护……免于灭绝12.bedevotedtooceanconservation致力于海洋保护13.bedamagedbyhumanactivity被人类活动破坏14.theconservationofoceanlife保护海洋生物15.getmoreinvolvedin...使更多的人参与……16.restorethenaturalenvironment恢复自然环境17.keeptheoriginalenvironmentfrombeingtouched保持原有环境原生态18.adoptnew,sustainablewaysoffeedingfarmanimals采用新的、可持续的方式饲养农场动物environmental

problems

to

be

solved

亟待解决的环境问题environmentalissues环境问题1.air/waterpollution空气/水污染2.plasticwaste塑料垃圾waystostopglobalwarming阻止全球变暖的办法3.havearesponsibilitytoprotect/takecareoftheenvironment有责任保护环境4.raiseenvironmentalawareness

提高环保意识5.userenewableenergysuchassolarenergy利用太阳能等可再生能源6.waterconservation节水7.reducecarbonfootprint减少碳足迹8.greenhouseeffect温室效应9.replacearegularlightbulb

withaLEDbulb

把普通灯泡换成LED灯10.walkorrideabike步行或骑自行车live

a

greener

life

过更环保的生活commonsense常识1.mistake...for...把……错当成……2.take...intoaccount把……考虑进去3.breakdown

分解4.gointo

stand-by

mode

进入待机状态takestepstoreducewasteandpollution采取措施减少浪费和污染5.takeareusablebagwhenshopping购物时带可重复利用的袋子6.turnoff

devices/appliances

关掉设备/电器7.removetheplug

fromitspowersupply

从电源上拔下电器插头8.keepshowertimeasshortaspossible尽量缩短淋浴的时间9.ClearYourPlatecampaign

光盘行动

10.aimedatsavingfood旨在节约粮食

11.callon

呼吁；号召；拜访12.notwasteanythingonthediningtable不浪费餐桌上的任何食物13.notordermorethanyouneedintheschoolcanteen

在学校餐厅适量点餐14.orderlessandtakeleftoverfoodhome少点餐，剩菜打包带回家1.短语1due

to

因为，由于(一般用作表语和状语)due

adj.

预定的，到期的；欠下的；应给的be

due

to

do/for

sth.

预定/计划(做)某事be

due

to

sb.

应支付/给予/归于某人①Due

tothefactthatmanystudentslackself-discipline,theyarelikelytogetdistractedbyonlinegames.许多学生因为缺乏自律，所以很可能会被网络游戏分散注意力。(2022·全国乙卷短文)②Mythanksaredue________you,withoutwhosehelpIwouldnothaveachievedsomuch.我要感谢你，没有你的帮助，我不可能有如此成

就。(感谢信)to2.短语2take

...

into

account

把……考虑进去1)take

account

of

...

考虑……2)on

account

of

由于；因为on

no

account

决不(置于句首主谓部分倒装)give

(sb.)

a(n)

...

account

of

...

(向某人)描述……3)account

for

解释；是……的原因；占……(比例)①Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldtakemyapplication________account.如果您能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。(申请信)②However,thosechoosingreadingEnglishbooksandvisitingEnglishlearningwebsitesonlyaccount

for18%and12%.然而，选择阅读英语书籍和访问英语学习网站的学生只占18%和12%。(2022·全国乙卷图表调查)③Hewastooshockedtogive

an

account

ofwhathadhappened.他震惊得无法描述发生了什么事。into3.句式1It

takes/took

(sb.)

some

time

to

do

sth.

(某人)花费多长时间做某事。It

takes

hundreds

of

years

for

plastic

to

break

down,but

much

less

time

for

paper.

塑料的分解需要数百年的时间，而纸的降解时间要短得多。

It

takes

courage/efforts/hard

work

to

do

sth.

做某事需要勇气/努力。spend

time

(in)

doing

sth.

花时间做某事①SoashamedwasIthatit

took

me

a

few

days___________(gather)mycouragetofaceuptoRoseandapologize.我很羞愧，花了几天时间才鼓起勇气面对罗斯并向她道歉。②Ifeelincrediblyfortunatetohavespent

three

years

practicing

with

you,whichhastrulygivenmesomeofthebestmomentsofmylife.我很幸运能和你一起训练三年，真的给了我人生中最美好的时刻。(演讲稿)togather4.句式2倍数表达法However,making

a

paper

bag

uses

four

times

as

much

energy

as

making

a

plastic

bag

and

up

to

three

times

the

amount

of

water.

然

而，生产纸袋所消耗的能源是塑料袋的四倍，而耗水则多达三倍。

四种表示“倍数”的常见句型：①A+谓语+倍数+as+adj./adv.的原级+as+B；②A+谓语+倍数+adj./adv.的比较级+than+B；③A+谓语+倍数+the+名词(size/length/width/height/depth

...)

+of+B；④A+谓语+倍数+what从句，表“A是……的多少倍”。①Thegardenisten

times________(big)thantheoneIhaveinBeijing.这个花园比我在北京的那个大十倍。②Muchtohissurprise,heinvitedonlytenfriendstohisparty,but________(two)as

manycame.令他非常吃惊的是，他只邀请了十个朋友来参加他的聚会，但来了两倍的人。(续写情感描写)biggertwiceontosaveiswastedtoeatwecalloneveryonetoengageina“SunshineBreak”activity背多分3续写素材场景练背——情感细节描写之“失望、孤独”形容词/副词disappointed,lonely,alone,upset名词/动词disappointment,loneliness,disappoint脸alookofdisappointment/lonelinessflashedacross/spreadacross/crossedone’sface脸上露出失望/孤独的表情眼睛/声音①seethedisappointmentinone’seyes看到某人眼中的失望；②one’seyesbefilledwith/befullofdisappointment/loneliness眼里满是失望/孤独；

③hearthedisappointmentinone’svoice听出某人声音中的失望；

④anote/touchofdisappointment一丝失望；

⑤inatone/voiceofdisappointment用失望的语气/声音短语①beovercome/beconsumedwith/beoverwhelmedbydisappointment非常失望；

②toone’sdisappointment令某人失望的是；

③hideone’sdisappointment掩饰某人的失望；

④disappointmentfloodedoversb.某人大失所望；

⑤fight/choke/force/holdbacktearsofdisappointment忍住失望的泪水用表“失望、孤独”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵微场景23主题“人与自然”——看到环境被污染时的“失望、孤独”①___________________________________________________(我们脸上满是失望，with复合结构),wedesperatelywonderedwhathadhappenedtoourbelovedvillage.Lookingatouranxiousfaces,Grandfather②__________________________________(失望地叹气，介词短语).Itwasthosevisitorswho