高考英语精准备考一轮讲义（译林版）选修八Unit2Theuniversallanguage

Unit2Theuniversallanguage文学与艺术之(三)——音乐[一积词汇见多识广][课内单词回扣](一)阅读词汇写其义1．stubbornadj.固执的，顽固的2.scoldvt.训斥，责骂3．brokenadj.破损的；中止的4.libertyn．自由5．trendn．趋势，动向6.condemnvt.判刑；指责，谴责7．prejudicen．偏见，成见vt.使怀有(或形成)偏见8．screamvi.尖叫，高声喊；呼啸n.尖叫，尖锐刺耳的声音9．universaladj.共同的，普遍的，全体的，全世界的10．castvt.&vi.选派角色；投射(光、影)；向……投以(视线、笑容)11．folkadj.民间的，民俗的n．人们；亲属(尤指父母)(二)表达词汇写其形1．darevt.&vi.&aux.敢于2.seizevt.逮捕；抓住；夺取3．demandn．&vt.要求；需要4.dawnn．黎明；开端；萌芽5．deadlinen．最后期限，截止日期6.opportunityn．机遇，时机7．departmentn．部，司，局，处，系8.seekvt.&vi.试图；寻找9．declinen．衰落，衰败；减少；下降vi.&vt.衰落；下降；婉言谢绝(三)拓展词汇灵活用*1.disturbingadj.令人不安的；引起恐慌的→disturbedadj.心理不正常的；精神失常的→disturbvt.打扰；使中断；使焦虑2.unwillingadj.不情愿，不愿意；勉强的，无奈的→willingadj.自愿的→willingnessn．乐意*3.evidentadj.清楚的，显然的→evidencen．证据；证词4.mercifuladj.仁慈的，慈悲的，宽大为怀的→mercyn．宽容，仁慈，怜悯*5.unemploymentn．失业→unemployedadj.失业的→employmentn．雇佣，工作，职业→employv．雇佣→employern．雇主→employeen．雇员*6.collectionn．作品集；收藏品；一批(人或物品)；取走→collectvt.收集→collectorn．收集者；收藏家*7.tendencyn．倾向，偏好；趋势，趋向→tendv．倾向；趋向8.gradualadj.逐渐的，逐步的；平缓的，不陡的→graduallyadv.逐渐地，逐步地用上面加*号的单词的适当形式填空1．Disturbingnewscamethatthevirusspreadquickly,whichmadeusratherdisturbed.2．Itwasevidentthatalltheevidencewecollectedprovedhimtobeguilty.3．Theoldcollectorlikestocollectsomeoldpaintingsandhishouseissaidtobuildupafineartcollection.4．TheemployerdecidedtoemployTomashersecretaryandshehopedtohaveatalkwithheremployeebeforehecametowork.5．Thestormtendstohitourcity,andwewillobservethetendencyofitclosely.[话题单词积累]1．dialogue/'daiəˌlɔɡ/n.对白2．cast/kɑːst/n.全体演员3．part/pɑːt/eq\a\vs4\al(＝)role/rəul/n.角色4．character/'kærəktə/n.人物5．line/lain/n.台词6．playwright/'pleirait/n.编剧，剧作家7．costume/'kɔstjuːm/n.服装8．applause/ə'plɔːz/n.喝彩9．applaud/ə'plɔːd/v.喝彩；鼓掌10．make­up/meik­ʌp/n.化妆11．cinema/'sinəmə/n.电影院12．theatre/'θiətə/n.剧院13．auditorium/ˌɔːdi'tɔːriəm/n.礼堂14．entrance/'entrəns/n.入口15．exit/'eksit/n.出口16．backstage/'bæksteidʒ/n.后台17．share/ʃeə(r)/vt.分享18．attractive/ə'træktɪv/adj.有吸引力的19．valuable/'væljuəbl/adj.有价值的20．preference/'prefrəns/n.偏爱21．heritage/'herɪtɪdʒ/n.遗产22．symbol/'sɪmbl/n.象征23．gesture/'dʒestʃə(r)/n.仪态24．occasion/ə'keɪʒn/n.场合25．extraordinary/ɪk'strɔːdnri/adj.非凡的26．vivid/'vɪvɪd/adj.生动的27．casual/'kæʒuəl/adj.随意的28．abstract/'æbstrækt/adj.抽象的；深奥的29．unique/ju'niːk/adj.独特的30．decorate/'dekəreɪt/vt.装饰，修饰31．reflect/rɪ'flekt/v.反映32．background/'bækɡraʊnd/n.背景33．appeal/ə'piːl/n．&v．吸引力；吸引34．admire/əd'maɪə(r)/v.欣赏[二积短语顿挫抑扬][课内短语回扣](一)根据汉语写出下列短语1.be_condemned_to_sth.被处以某种刑罚2.ask_for_sb.'s_hand_in_marriage(向女方)求婚3.fall_in_love相爱，坠入爱河*4.at_first_sight初次见面；乍一看*5.participate_in参加；参与6.split_up分手；分裂；破裂；离婚*7.spring_up突然兴起，迅速出现*8.break_up破裂，解散；破碎；拆开9.dance_to伴随……而跳舞10.go_crazy变得疯狂11.take_on呈现；雇佣；承担12.put_up张贴；举起；留某人住在家中*13.depend_on依赖，依靠14.be_unwilling_to_do不愿意做……15.have_a_tendency_for有一种……倾向(二)用上面加*号的短语完成下列句子1．At_first_sight,_thereisnothingspecialaboutthewatch,butinfactitisamobilephone.2．Iftheprojectisasuccess,similarconstructionsmayspring_upelsewhereinthecountry.3．Thebandbroke_upin1970,buthappilytheyreunitedinthemid­1980s.4．Asamatteroffact,noneofuscanlivealoneinsociety.Wealldepend_onotherssometimestosomedegree.5．Allstudentsshouldbeencouragedtoparticipate_insportstobuilduptheirbodies.[话题短语积累]1．one­actplay独幕剧2．make/producerecords制作唱片3．starttouring开始巡回演出4．poseasong创作歌曲5．formaband组建乐队6．listentopop/classicalmusic听流行音乐/古典音乐7．bebasedon以……为根据8．booktickets订票9．bepopularwith受……欢迎10．onair正在播出11．playthepiano弹钢琴12．queueup/standinline排队13．puton演出，上演14．playtheroleof...扮演(某一角色)15．havenoearformusic对音乐没有鉴赏力16．theuniversallanguage共同语言[三积句式写作扮靓][课内句式仿写]1．“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级意义[例句]JustimagineperformingsuchanoperaintheForbiddenCity—therecouldnotbeamoreawesomesetting![仿写]乒乓球教练耐心地给我们提供专业指导，我从未见过比这更好的教练了。(2017·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)ThetabletenniscoachoffersusprofessionalguidancepatientlyandIhave_never_seen_abetter_one.2．before引导时间状语从句[例句]Unfortunately,Puccinidiedofaheartattackbeforehepletedthisfinalscene,andithadtobepletedbyoneofhisformerstudents,FrancoAlfano.[仿写]要过一个小时左右我们才能到达山顶。(2017·6月浙江高考满分作文)Itwillbeanhourorsobefore_we_get_tothetopofthemountain.3．wherever引导让步状语从句[例句]WherevertheBeatleswent,therewasaphenomenoncalled‘Beatlemania’—thousandsoffanswouldsurroundthem,screamingandgoingcrazytryingtoseethem.[仿写]无论你选择去哪里旅行，你一定会体验到中国的传统文化。(2017·北京高考满分作文)Wherever_you_choose_to_travel,_youareboundtoexperiencethetraditionalChineseculture.[话题佳句背诵]1．Musicisthebestmedicinetohealme,andnoonecanacpanymetopassthroughtheseaofsorrow.音乐是我疗伤最好的药，没有谁能陪我走过悲伤的海。2．Musichasalwaysfascinatedusinthewaythatitmunicates.Withoutwords,withoutpictures.音乐总是凭借其沟通心灵的力量，让我们沉醉于此，流连忘返。无需文字，无需图像。3．Inadditiontoimprovingcreativity,learningmusicalsocultivatesmanyskillsthatwillcontinuetobeusefultoyourchildrenthroughouttheirlives.除了提高创造力，学音乐还可以培养许多能力，这些将使孩子终生受益。4．Inadditiontoclassicalmusic,Ialsolikemodernpopmusic.除了古典音乐，我还喜欢现代流行音乐。[四背语段语感流畅]Musichasbeencalled“theuniversallanguage”becausepeopledonotneedtospeakthesamelanguagetounderstandit.Agoodperformancearouseourfeelingsandit'sworthlisteningtoandenjoying.Asuccessfulperformancewillappealtosomanypeopleandwhenitends,theentireaudiencewillstandtotheirfeetclappingtoapplaud.音乐一直被称为“共同语言”，因为人们不需要说同样的语言就能理解它。一场精彩的表演能激发我们的情感，值得我们去听与欣赏。一场成功的表演会吸引很多人，全体观众在表演结束时会站起来鼓掌欢呼。[第一板块重点词汇突破][师生共研词汇]1.darevt.&vi.&aux.敢于，胆敢[教材原句]Thismeansthatfewmenwoulddaretoaskforherhandinmarriage.这意味着几乎没人敢向她求婚。(1)dare用作实义动词时，有人称、数和时态的变化。常见搭配：daretodosth.“敢于做某事”。在否定句和疑问句中，to可以省略。(2)dare用作情态动词时，通常用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中，没有人称和数的变化，后面跟动词原形，其否定式为darenot。Idaresay为习惯说法，意为“我想，很可能，大概”。①Youaretheonlyonewhodaresto_admit(admit)mistakes.你是唯一敢于承认错误的人。②Theydarenotplay(play)ajokeonhimincasehebeesangry.他们不敢对他开玩笑，怕他生气。③—Dareheaskhisbossforpromotion?—Yes,he_dare./No,he_daren't.——他敢向他的老板请求升职吗？——是的，他敢。/不，他不敢。2．demandvt.强烈要求；需要n.要求；需求[教材原句]Calaf'sfatherandLiuhavebeenseenacpanyingCalaf,soTurandotseizesCalaf'sfatherandLiu,anddemandsthattheytellherCalaf'snameortheywillbebeaten.有人曾看见卡拉夫的父亲和柳儿陪着卡拉夫，因此图兰朵把卡拉夫的父亲和柳儿抓了起来，强烈要求他们说出卡拉夫的名字，否则就要拷打他们。(1)demandtodosth.要求做某事(sth.)demanddoing/tobedone(某事)需要被做(sb.)demandthatsb.(should)dosth.(某人)要求某人做某事(that从句使用虚拟语气)(2)indemand需求大ondemand一经要求satisfy/meetthe/one'sdemands满足(某人的)要求①Theydemandthatsomeskilledworkers(should)_be_sent(send)tohelpthem.他们要求派些技术工人帮助他们。②Booksonpopularsciencearein_great_demandatpresent.近来，科普类书籍需求量很大。[名师点津]demand不能用于demandsb.todosth.结构；“向某人要某物”不能用demandsb.sth.结构，要用demandsth.of/fromsb.结构。3．declinen．衰落，衰败；减少；下降vi.&vt.衰落；下降；婉言谢绝[教材原句]Fromtheearly1930stotheearly1950s,traditionaljazzwentintoagradualdecline.从20世纪30年代早期到20世纪50年代早期，传统的爵士乐渐渐走向没落。(1)fall/gointodecline陷入衰退indecline/onthedecline在衰退中，走下坡路(2)declinetodosth.拒绝做某事①Agreatdecline_inyoungworkforceislikelytooccurinChina,forinstance.(2017·江苏高考任务型阅读)例如，年轻劳动力的急剧下降在中国是有可能发生的。②Shedeclined_to_have_lunchwithherfriend,sayingthatshewasn'tfeelingwell.她拒绝和她的朋友一起吃午餐，说她感觉身体不舒服。4．seek(sought,sought)vt.&vi.试图，设法；寻找，寻求[教材原句]Intheearly1950s,arecordpanyownerfromMemphis,Tennessee,SamPhilips,soughttobringrockmusictowhiteaudiences.在20世纪50年代初期，田纳西州孟菲斯的一家唱片公司老板萨姆·菲利普斯试图让白人观众接受摇滚乐。seek(for)sth./sb.from从……寻找某物/某人seekafter追求；追寻seektodosth.试图做某事seekone'sfortune找出路；碰运气seekout搜寻出；找出①Ifyouhaveanyquestions,youcanseek_help_fromyourteammates.如果你有什么问题，可以向你的队友求助。②Thefactisthatnowadaysmanyyoungpeopleareseeking_their_fortuneinbigcities.事实是现在很多年轻人正在大城市寻找发财的机会。[联想发散]表示“寻找”的短语还有：lookfor,searchfor，huntfor等。[自主练通词汇]1．cast(cast,cast)vt.&vi.选派角色；投，扔，抛，撒；投射(光、影)；向……投以(视线、笑容)n.全体演员写出句中cast的含义①Thelittleboycastastoneintothepond.投，扔②Shecastawelingsmileinhisdirection.向……投以(笑容)③Theplayhasacastoffive.全体演员④TheplayisbeingcastinbothChinaandBritain.选派角色2．condemnvt.判刑，宣判；指责，谴责单句语法填空/补全句子①Thosewhodon'tlearnfromthepastarecondemnedto_repeat(repeat)it.②Themanwascondemnedtoeightyears'imprisonment.③法官宣判那个杀人犯终身监禁。Thejudgecondemned_the_killer_to_spendallhislifeinprison.④他因对年迈父母的冷酷行为受到普遍的谴责。Hewas_widely_condemned_forhiscruelactiontowardshiselderlyparents.3．seizevt.逮捕，捉拿；抓住，捉住；夺取，攻占(1)写出句中seize的含义①Inmyopinion,onlybyfacingdifficultiesbravelyandseizingopportunitiescanonesucceed.抓住②Troopshaveseizedtheairportandrailwayterminals.攻占，夺取③UNofficialssaytwomilitaryobserverswereseizedbytheKhmerRougeyesterday.逮捕(2)补全句子④在他逃跑之前，她抓住了他的衣领。Beforehecouldrunaway,sheseized_him_by_the_collar.⑤每个人应抓住机会努力学习实现我们的目标。Everyoneshouldseize_the_opportunity_to_study_hardtoachieveourgoal.[点拨]seizesb.bythe＋...“抓住某人的……”，如果此结构表示抓住某人的某一“部位”，则表示“部位”的名词前不用物主代词而用定冠词the。[词汇过关练]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Hewasunwillingto_make(make)apredictionaboutwhichbookswouldsellbestintheingyear.2．Gradually(gradual),thegirlisgettingactiveingroupworkandismorewillingtoexpressherself.3．Itisevidenttomethatamistakehasbeenmadeinourwork.4．Noonedaresto_step(step)intohisofficewithoutpermission.5．InancientChina,anyonewhocheatedtheemperorwouldbecondemnedtodeath.6．Themanagerdemandedthattheworkers(should)_work(work)extrahourstopletethetaskaheadoftime.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Thelittleboydarenottogohomeinsuchadarknight.去掉to2．Thebravestudentseizedtherobberbyhisarm.his→the3．Oilproductionhasalreadypeakedandisondeclineinabout50nations.on→in或在on后加the4．Thecustomerdemandedareasonableexplanationbythesupermarket.by→of/from5．Manypeoplespendyearsseekingofpeaceofmind,oftenwithlittlesuccess.第一个of→forⅢ.单句写作(补全句子)1．由于地沟油事件，饭店里的顾客比以前少了。Becauseofthewasteoilevent,thenumberofcustomersintherestaurantwas_on_thedecline/indecline.2．我们学生要努力抓住每一个机会练习英语口语。Westudentsshouldtrytoseize_every_chance_to_practiseourspokenEnglish.3．学生们要求图书馆周末开放。Thestudentsdemandedthatthelibrary(should)_be_open_at_weekends.4．去年他去了美国去寻找致富之路。HewenttoAmericatoseek_his_fortunelastyear.5．很明显，青年人的教育对一个国家的未来是至关重要的。It_is_evident_thattheeducationoftheyoungisvitaltothefutureofacountry.6．随着人们逐渐变老，他们有忘记事情的趋向。Peoplehave_a_tendency_to_forget_thingsastheygrowolder.[第二板块短语、句式突破]1．fallinlove(withsb.)爱上(某人)，相爱，坠入爱河[教材原句]Shortlyafterwards,anotherprince,Calaf,fallsinlovewithTurandotatfirstsightanddecidestosolvetheriddlessothathecanmarryher.此后不久，另一位王子——卡拉夫对图兰朵一见钟情，他决定解答谜语以便迎娶她。fallinlovewith“突然爱上”，表示动作，是短暂性动词短语，不与表示一段时间的状语连用；beinlovewith“爱/喜欢”，表示状态，是延续性动词短语，可与表示一段时间的状语连用。①AssoonastheAmericangirlcametoShanghai,shefell_in_love_withitimmediately.那个美国女孩一到上海，她就立刻爱上了这座城市。②AnniewassoattractivethatJimmyfell_in_love_withherthefirsttimehesawher.Nowtheyhave_been_in_love_witheachotherforthreeyears.安妮如此迷人以至于吉米第一次见她就爱上了她。现在他们已经相爱三年了。2．breakup破裂；破碎，打碎；解散，驱散；分解；拆开，分开；分手，结束(关系等)；放假[教材原句]However,eventhoughtheBeatlesbrokeupin1970,nogroupsincehasevereclosetobeingaspopularorsellingasmanyrecords.然而，尽管披头士乐队在1970年就解散了，但直到今天，没有哪个乐队能像它那样受欢迎或销售同样多的唱片。[一词多义]写出句中breakup的含义①Twofriendshaveanargumentthatbreaksuptheirfriendshipforever.结束(关系)②Theyplantobreakthepanyupintoseveralsmallerindependentpanies.分解③Thepolicecamerunningandbrokeupthecrowd.驱散④Whendoestheschoolbreakupforthesummerholidays？放假他必须不时地停下来擦额头上的汗，因为空调坏了。3．JustimagineperformingsuchanoperaintheForbiddenCity—therecould_not_be_a_moreawesomesetting!想象一下在紫禁城上演这出歌剧吧——不可能有比这更棒的场景了！(1)句中couldnotbeamore...为“否定词＋比较级”结构，表示最高级意义，通常译为“没有比……更……，没有像……一样……”。常用的否定词有no,not,never,nothing,nobody,hardly等。①Icouldn't_have_enjoyed_myself_more—itwasaperfectday.我玩得再开心不过了——这是完美的一天。(2)表示最高级意义的常用结构还有：①比较级＋than＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(anyother＋单数名词,alltheother＋复数名词,anyoneelse,anyoftheother＋复数名词,therestof＋复数名词或不可数名词))②完成时＋never＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(so＋形容词/副词,so＋形容词＋a/an＋单数名词,such＋形容词＋名词))③can/could＋never/not＋be＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(形容词/副词＋enough,too＋形容词/副词))②ThepopulationofChinais_larger_than_that_of_any_other_countryintheworld.中国的人口比世界上任何国家的人口都多。③Howbeautifulshesings!Ihave_never_heardabettervoice.她唱得多好啊！我从未听过这么美的歌喉。④Youcan'tbetoocareful(＝careful_enough)tostudy.你学习时越认真越好。[短语、句式过关练]Ⅰ.介、副词填空1．Itwasmoneytroublethatbrokeuptheirmarriage.2．Ittakesnotimetofallinlove,butittakesyouyearstoknowwhatloveis.3．Hedecidedhewantedtobuythepaintingatfirstsight.4．Iactivelyparticipateinpracticalactivities,andIcanlearnlotsofknowledge.5．Afterthethoroughcleaning,ourschooltookonanewlook.6．It'stimeweputuptheChristmasdecorationsinthelivingroom.7．Thebossdependedonhisright­handmantodothingsforhim.8．Inthepast,themanwouldgotothewoman'sfatherandaskforherhandinmarriage.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Hecouldnotimagineamostpeacefulscene.most→more2．Thatwasthreeyearsbeforehereturnedhome.That→It3．Whereyoumaygo,youcan'tsucceedwithouthardwork.Where→Wherever4．Shehasfalleninlovewiththattallboyfortwoyears.fallen→beenⅢ.补全句子/一句多译1．我们需要找出问题的根源才能解决问题。Weneedtogettotherootoftheproblembefore_we_can_solve_it.2．他被告知至少三个月以后他才能康复。Hewastoldthatit_would_be_at_least_three_more_monthsbeforehecouldrecover.3．这项工作他做得比公司里其他任何职员都好。①Hedidtheworkbetter_than_any_other_clerkinthepany.(anyother)②Hedidtheworkbetter_than_anyone_elseinthepany.(anyoneelse)③Hedidtheworkbetter_than_any_of_the_other_clerksinthepany.(anyoftheother)④Hedidtheworkbetter_than_the_rest_of_clerksinthepany.(therestof)eq\a\vs4\al([课堂双线提能]课堂一刻钟演练，实现教材与高考的对接)提能一用课文词汇写高分作文seek，opportunity，prejudice，demand，haveatendencyfor，atfirstsight，fallinlovewith，seekafter1．补全要点句(“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语)①现在的青少年偏爱于R&B。Today,theteenagershave_a_tendency_forR&B.②许多女孩一眼就爱上了周杰伦，她们寻求一切机会来得到他的每一张专辑。Manygirlsfall_in_love_withJayChouat_first_sight,_andtheyseek_opportunitiestogethiseveryalbum.③无论周杰伦去哪里，女孩子们总会追去参加他的个人演唱会。NomatterwhereJayChouwent,theywouldseek_after_himtoattendhissoloconcert.④许多父母却对周杰伦有成见，甚至有些人说他的音乐风格是最糟糕的。Agreatmanyparentshave_prejudice_againstJayChou,andevensomesayhismusicstylecanbetheworstofall.⑤许多家长强烈要求学校应帮助学生建立良好的音乐鉴赏能力。Manyparentsdemand_that_schools_(should)_helpthestudentsestablishgoodappreciationofmusic.2．升级平淡句(1)用wherever引导状语从句改写句③Wherever_Jay_Chou_went,__they_would_seek_after_him_to_attend_his_solo_concert.(2)用“not＋比较级”结构改写句④A_great_many_parents_have__prejudice__against_Jay_Chou,_and_even_some_say_his_music_style__can't_be_worse.3．衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：forexample,however,so)Today,theteenagershaveatendencyforR&B.Forexample,manygirlsfallinlovewithJayChouatfirstsight,andtheyseekopportunitiestogethiseveryalbum.Whereverhewent,theywouldseekafterhimtoattendhissoloconcert.However,agreatmanyparentshaveprejudiceagainstJayChou,andevensomesayhismusicstylecan'tbeworse.Sotheydemandthatschools(should)helpthestudentsestablishgoodappreciationofmusic.提能二用课文句型解构高考长难句[本单元突破点——while引导的让步状语从句]经典例句比较分析真题尝试翻译课文长难句Whiletheblueswaspopular,asamusicalformatitlackedvarietyandwastoosadandslowtodanceto.句中while引导让步状语从句。主句中使用了too...to...结构。句中的danceto中，to用作介词，表示“随着……的节奏”。尽管清洁能源在我们日常生活中的使用量已经增加，但在二氧化碳的排放达到峰值之后，全球变暖仍将持续几十年。真题长难句Whilecleanenergyisincreasinglyusedinourdailylife,globalwarmingwillcontinueforsomedecadesafterCO2emissions(排放)peak.(2017·江苏高考)while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”。“戏剧艺术”是“文学与艺术”的子话题，常以阅读理解和书面表达为主。是民族文化中的一部分，博大精深，因此要传承。在该类话题的语篇中含有大量的专业术语，故其文章的理解难度偏大。一、话题与语篇[考题示例](2013·安徽高考阅读E)[1]Argentinainthelatenineteenthcenturywasanexcitingplace.Around1870,itwasexperiencinganeconomic(经济的)boom,andthecapital,BuenosAires,attractedmanypeople.Farmers,aswellasafloodofforeignersfromSpainandItaly,cametoBuenosAiresseekingjobs.Thesejobsdidn'tpaywell,andthepeoplefeltlonelyanddisappointedwiththeirnewlifeinthecity.Astheunhappynewersmixedtogetherinthepoorpartsofthecity,thedanceknownasthetango(探戈舞)cameintobeing.[2]Atthebeginningthetangowasadanceofthelowerclasses.Itwasdancedinthebarsandstreets.Atthattimethereweremanyfewerwomenthanmen,soifamandidn'twanttobeleftout,hisonlychoicewastodancewithanothermansothathecouldattracttheattentionofthefewavailablewomen.Gradually,thedancespreadintotheupperclassesofArgentineansocietyandbecamemorerespectable.[3]InEuropeatthistime,stronginterestindancefromaroundtheworldwasbeginning.ThisinterestininternationaldancewasespeciallyevidentinParis.Everykindofdancefromballet(芭蕾舞)tobellydancingcouldbefoundonthestagesoftheParistheaters.AftertangodancersfromArgentinaarrivedinEurope,theybegantodrawtheinterestofthepublicastheyperformedtheirexcitingdanceincafes.Thoughnoteveryoneapprovedofthenewdance,sayingitwasalittletooshocking,thedancedidfindenoughsupporterstomakeitpopular.[4]Thepopularity(流行)ofthetangocontinuedtogrowinmanyotherpartsoftheworld.SoldierswhoreturnedtotheUnitedStatesfromWorldWarⅠbroughtthetangotoNorthAmerica.ItreachedJapanin1926,andin2003theArgentineanembassyinSeoulhiredalocaltangodancertoactasakindofdanceambassador,andpromotetangodancingthroughoutSouthKorea.72．Theoriginofthetangoisassociatedwith________.A．bellydancers B．AmericansoldiersC．aSpanishcity D．thecapitalofArgentina73．Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthetango?A．ItwascreatedbyforeignersfromSpainandItaly.B．Peopleoftheupperclasseslovedthetangomost.C．Itwasoftendancedbytwomalesinthebeginning.D．AdancerinSeoulbecametheArgentineanambassador.74．BeforeWorldWarⅠ，thetangospreadto________.A．America B．JapanC．France D．SouthKorea75．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．HowtoDancetheTangoB．TheHistoryoftheTangoC．HowtoPromotetheTangoD．TheModernTangoBoom[策略指导](一)这样读文第1步：宏观把握文章大意分层抓关键句概括层意行文结构第1～2段第1、2段画波浪线部分大约19世纪70年代，探戈舞起源于阿根廷的首都BuenosAires，由下层人士到上层社会的欢迎起源第3～4段第3、4段画波浪线部分探戈舞传播到世界各地发展第2步：微观突破理解障碍[尝试翻译]当时，(跳探戈舞的)女性比男性少得多，所以，如果某个男子不想被冷落的话，他唯一的选择就是和另一个男子跳舞，以便能够吸引为数不多的女性的注意。(二)这样做题[名师解题]72．细节理解题。选D通读第一段尤其是最后一句可知，探戈舞起源于阿根廷的首都BuenosAires，D项为同义替换。A项“肚皮舞舞者”为混淆视听；B项“美国士兵”为张冠李戴；C项“一个西班牙的城市”为无中生有。73．细节理解题。选C根据第二段的第三句可知C项为同义替换。A项“它是由来自西班牙和意大利的外国人创造的”为混淆视听；B项“上层社会的人最喜欢探戈舞”为曲解文意；D项“Seoul的一位舞者成了阿根廷的大使”为曲解文意。74．细节理解题。选C通读全文后可知，探戈舞传到美国是在第一次世界大战之后，传到日本是在1926年，在韩国流传开来是在2003年，显然A、B、D三项均可排除。根据第三段的内容可知，探戈舞在其诞生后不久就传到了法国，其诞生大约是在1870年，因此传到法国应该是在一战前。故选C，为同义替换。A、B、D三项均为张冠李戴。75．主旨大意题。选B本文介绍的是探戈舞的起源及其发展史，故选B，为综合概括。A项“如何跳探戈舞”为无中生有；C项“如何推广探戈舞”为以偏概全；D项“现代探戈舞的繁荣”为曲解文意。[阅读理解系列技法18]对比——解答判断正误细节理解题的关键判断正误的细节理解题，多是根据文章细节判断所给选项的正误。在解答判断正误细节理解题时，考生要带着原题回到原文中，把四个选项与原文信息进行对比，看看它们之间的吻合度，注意四个选项与原文信息的差异，从而判断正误。此外，也要把四个选项之间互相进行比较，找出四个选项之间的细微差异，从而判断正误。例如第73题，A项的内容文中没有提及，故排除A项；根据第二段的首句和最后一句可排除B项；D项与最后一段最后一句不符。根据第二段第三句可知与C项相符。(三)这样积累1．boomn．繁荣2．availableadj.可获得的，有空的，能找到的3．respectableadj.可敬的，值得尊敬的4．eintobeing形成，产生5．leaveout遗漏，忽略，未顾及6．approveof赞成，赞同二、话题与写作[考题示例](2012·天津高考)假设你是李津，你的美国朋友Chris就读于天津某国际学校。他熟悉中国文化，特别是戏曲文化。8月5日下午2：00在新落成的天津大剧院将上演越剧《梁山伯与祝英台》。请你根据以下提示，用英语给Chris写一封电子邮件，邀请他一起观看演出。*提出邀请并简述原因；*提出观剧后活动建议(如参观附近的博物馆或美术馆等)；*请求对方回复。注意：1．请使用规范英语，词数不少于100；2．可适当加入细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯；3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：越剧ShaoxingOpera《梁山伯与祝英台》ButterflyLovers天津大剧院TianjinGrandTheaterDearChris，Ihavegoodnewstotellyou.Yours，LiJin[写作规范]第一步：写对词汇不丢冤枉分1．上演put_on2．非常喜欢make_a_great_fancy_to_...3．当地的local4．机会opportunity5．满足satisfy6．增加你有关……知识increase_your_knowledge_about_...第二步：列全要点，写对句子保基本分1．8月5日下午2：00在天津大剧院将上演越剧《梁山伯与祝英台》。A_famous_Shaoxing_Opera,_Butterfly_Lovers,_will_be_put_on_in_Tianjin_Grand_Theater_at_2：00_pm_on_August_5th.2．我知道你非常喜欢中国文化，尤其是戏曲文化。I_know_you_make_a_great_fancy_to_Chinese_culture,_especially_the_local_operas.3．我希望这次机会能让你高兴。I_hope_this_opportunity_will_make_you_happy.4．这次机会能满足你对中国戏曲的兴趣。ThisopportunitywillsatisfyyourinterestinChineseoperas.5．如果你来，建议我们在观看完戏曲后参观一下附近的传统戏曲博物馆。If_you_can_e,_I_suggest_we_have_a_look_at_the_Museum_of_the_Traditional_Opera_near_the_theater_after_the_opera.6．你能了解许多中国戏曲的历史。You_can_know_the_history_of_many_Chinese_operas.7．这会增加你对传统中国戏曲方面的知识。This_can_increase_your_knowledge_about_Chinese_traditional_operas.第三步：句式升级，打造亮点得高分1．将句3、4用“notonly...butalso”合并I_hope_this_opportunity_will_not_only_make_you_happy,_but_also_satisfy_your_interest_in_Chinese_operas.2．将句6、7用which引导定语从句合并YoucanknowthehistoryofmanyChineseoperas,whichcanincreaseyourknowledgeaboutChinesetraditionaloperas.第四步：过渡衔接，润色成文创满分DearChris，Ihavegoodnewstotellyou.AfamousShaoxingOpera,ButterflyLovers,willbeputoninTianjinGrandTheaterat2：00pmonAugust5th.IknowyoumakeagreatfancytoChineseculture,especiallythelocaloperas.Ihopethisopportunitywillnotonlymakeyouhappy,butalsosatisfyyourinterestinChineseoperas.Ifyoucane,IsuggestwehavealookattheMuseumoftheTraditionalOperanearthetheateraftertheopera.There,Ibelieve,youcanknowthehistoryofmanyChineseoperas,whichcanincreaseyourknowledgeaboutChinesetraditionaloperas.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours，LiJineq\a\vs4\al([单元检测·高考提能])[语言基础扎根练]Ⅰ.单词拼写/用所给词的适当形式填空1．Thearticlecondemned(谴责)thoseofficialswhodidonethingandsaidanother.2．Thelittlegirldared(胆敢)notbreatheawordofittoanybody.3．Thispieceofstring(线；细绳)istooshorttopackuptheluggage,andletmejoinanotherpieceontoit.4．Theysought(寻找)outashadyspotwheretheymightsitdownandrest.5．Itisreportedthatthetrend(趋势)ofthehousingpriceisstillupwards.6．Ifchildrenweremadetofeelinferiortootherchildren,theirconfidencewoulddecline(减弱)．7．Theopportunities(机会)availablewilldependonyourpreviousworkexperienceandqualifications.8．Ihopeyoucansubmityourtermpapersbeforethedeadline(最后期限)．9．Whenscolded(责备)byhisfather,theboyalwayskeepssilent.10．Theeconomyisintheupswing,whichmakeshigh­techservicesinmoredemand(需求)too.11．Hehascast(选派角色)herasanambitiouslawyerinhislatestmovie.12．Measuresforpreventingandcontrollingindustrialpollutionhavegradually(gradual)beenperfected.13．Nothingintheworldismore_valuable(valuable)thanknowledge.14．Heisgenerallyacknowledgedtohavethefinestcollection(collect)ofDutchpaintingsinprivatehands.15．Substanceshavenotendency(tend)toexpandunlessheated.Ⅱ.单句改错1．HehasfalleninlovewithMaryforeightyearsuptillnow.fallen→been2．Thepolicemanseizedthethiefbyhandtightly.by后加the3．Thegirldoesnotdareseeherteacher,dareshe？第二个dare→does4．Themanwasfoundguiltyofarmedrobbery,andcondemnedofeightyears'imprisonment.第二个of→to5．Onfirstsightthehouseappearedtobeempty,butactuallyitwasn't.On→At6．Asaspeakerhewasalwaysinthedemand.去掉the7．Thepolicewereinvestigatingthecaseanddeclinedgivemoredetails.declined后加to8．Thiswon'tbelongbeforeyoubeeusedtolivinghere.This→ItⅢ.补全句子1．我完全同意你的观点，不过明天可能有雨。Ican_not_agree_with_your_idea_more,_buttheremightbearaintomorrow.2．年轻人发觉解决那个问题很难。Theyouthfound_it_hard_toworktheproblemout.3．不论你在哪里，都必须礼貌待人。Wherever_you_are,_youmustbepolitetoothers.4．约翰还没来得及阻止她，她就跑出去了。Before_John_stopped_her,_sheranout.5．上周和女朋友分手以后，Jack昨天又被老板解雇了。Having_broken_upwithhisgirlfriendlastweek,Jackwasfiredbyhisbossyesterday.[话题语篇高考练]Ⅳ.阅读理解AIn1957,MaxVernonMathewswrotethefirstputerprogramcalledMusic,whichenabledaputertocreatesoundandplayitback.HewasthenworkingasanengineeratBellLaboratoriesinNewJersey.ItenabledalargeIBMputertoplayaseventeen­secondpieceofmusichehadwritten.Thescience­fictionwriterArthurC.ClarkevisitedBellLaboratoriesinthe1960s.Heheardaputer“sing”thesongDaisyBellondevices(设备)andlearnedabouttheprogramsdevelopedbyMathewsandotherengineers.Clarkenotedthistechnologyinhisbook2001:ASpaceOdyssey,whichwaslatermadeintoamovie.MathewscontinuedcreatingotherversionsoftheMusicprogram.Hebecameinterestedinhowputerscouldhelpmusiciansoutsiderecordingstudios.TheGrooveprogramhedevelopedwasthefirstputerprogrammadeforliveperformances.HealsodevelopedanelectronicdevicehecalledtheRadioBaton,whichlooksliketwodrumsticks.Itenablestheusertocontrolthespeedandsoundlevelsoforchestralmusic(管弦乐)playedonaputerbymovingthetwosticksonaspecialelectronicsurface.Mathewssaidhebelievedmodernmusicianswerenotmakingfulluseofthepowerofputermusic.Hesaidaviolinalwayssoundslikeaviolin.ButwithhisMusic,thewayaviolinsoundsisunlimited.Hedidnotwantputersoundstoreplacelivemusic,buthehopedputerswouldonedaybeconsideredseriousinstruments.语篇解读：本文是记叙文。MaxVernonMathews把音乐与计算机结合起来，创造了魅力无穷的计算机音乐。1．WhydidClarkevisitBellLaboratories?A．Tomakehisbookintoamovie.B．TohelpMathewsdevelopMusic.C．Tosatisfyhisowncuriosityaboutmusic.D．Togathermaterialsforhisliterarycreation.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第三段可知，Clarke在他的一本书里涉及了Mathews的电子音乐技术。由此可推知，Clarke主要是为文学创作获取素材才去BellLaboratories的。2．WhatelectronicmusictoolsdidMathewscreate?A．Somethingusedtorecordlivemusic.B．Somethingusedtocreatespecialsound.C．Somethingusedtoimproveputermusic.D．Somethingusedtocreateputermusic.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第五段可知，制作计算机音乐时，RadioBaton可以用来控制管弦乐的速度、声级等，能改进音乐。3．WhatdoesMathewsthinkofhisMusic?A．Itismorepleasanttotheear.B．Itcanhelpmakemoresounds.C．Itwillfinallyreplacetheviolin.D．Itismorepopularthanlivemusic.解析：选B细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，一般小提琴发出的声音就是那一种，用Mathews的Music可以让它的声音有无数种，即他的Music能帮助发出更多声音。4．WhatcanwelearnaboutMathews?A．Heisthefatherofputermusic.B．Hiscreationsucceededonthefirsttry.C．HewroteMusictoreplaceinstruments.D．Hechangedthefun