2025年天津市高考英语试卷（第一次）（含解析）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2025年天津市高考英语试卷（第一次）一、单选题：本大题共15小题，共15分。1.-Let'stalkaboutthenextphase？

-

.Ithasnotbeenfinished.（）A.Goforit B.Thereisnohurry

C.Giveitatry D.That'ssettled2.Withtherapidadvancementofsociety，today'slibrariesisdifferentfrom

inthepast.（）A.that B.one C.those D.ones3.

thereisaslimchance，Istillwanttogiveitashot.（）A.Incase B.Nowthat C.Asif D.Eventhough4.Thereareover50，000signsinmodernChinesebutluckily，Chinesechildren

learnallofthemforeverydaypurpose.（）A.couldn't B.mustn't C.needn't D.wouldn't5.

mybosswithefficiency，Ifinishedthecomplexreportaheadofschedule.（）A.Impressing B.Toimpress C.Beingimpressed D.Impressed6.Wesincerelyhopeyoucan

yourparticipationatyourconvenience.（）A.confirm B.withdraw C.decline D.restrict7.Thebrochuresthatweredistributedattheevent

withhigh-qualityimagestoattractmorecustomers.（）A.haveprinted B.hadprinted

C.havebeenprinted D.hadbeenprinted8.Today'sstudents，especiallythosewithdiverselearningneeds，

smallclassteachingasitensuresmorepersonalattentionfromteachers.（）A.haveapreferencefor B.haveasayin

C.takeresponsibilityfor D.takepridein9.Afterseveralmonths，Ryanhadraisedthe＄2000，

awellwasbuiltnearaprimaryschoolinUganda.（）A.withwhom B.forwhom C.withwhich D.forwhich10.-Whatareyougoingtodothisweekend？Hangingout？

-Notsureyet!

ifyou'vegotideas.Getsomethinginmind？（）A.Itisuptoyou B.I'mallears C.That'senough D.Youarelucky11.Parents

theschool'sinitiativetoconductafter-schoolactivities.（）A.approvedof B.cameacross C.putforward D.dealtwith12.

hemanagedtofinishthemarathoninspiredthemtodomoreexerciseregularlytoimprovetheirownphysicalstrength.（）A.What B.That C.Whether D.When13.Teachershaveto

updatetheirknowledgeinordertomaintaintheirprofessionalcompetence.（）A.instantly B.occasionally C.constantly D.frequently14.AlthoughithasbeenprovedthatFranklin'sexperimenttookplace，morethanonescientist

whatreallyhappened.（）A.hasquestioned B.havequestioned

C.wasquestioning D.werequestioning15.Theteacherwantstoseetheplan

nextyear，asitholdsthepotentialtosignificantlyenhancestudents'learningexperiences.（）A.tocarryout B.carryout

C.beingcarriedout D.carriedout二、阅读理解：本大题共20小题，共50分。AWritingCompetitions2025BathNovelAwardThisisagreatnovelistawardifyouhaveacompletedbooktosubmit!TheBathNovelAwardisaninternationalannualprizeforunagentedemergingnovelists，openworldwideSubmissionsfor2025closeonMay31，andforachancetowin，youmustsubmitasingledocumentthatincludestheopeningofyournoveluptoamaximumwordcountof5，000words（theentirenovelmustbeatleast50，000wordslong），alongwithaonesynopsis.

Unlikemanywritingcontests，entriesaren'tlimitedtounpublishedwork：thenovelyouentermaybeunpublished，self-published，orindependentlypublished.However，ifyouhaveacceptedanofferofpublicationwithanadvanceforeitherthenovelyou'resubmittingoranyothernovel，thensadly，you'renoteligible.

PastwinnersincludeAbiDareforthemanuscriptofinternationalbestsellerTheGirlwiththeLoudingVoice，newJamesBondauthorKimSherwoodforTestament，andStruanMurrayfor.

OphansoftheTide.

Thisbookawardalsoincludesacashprizeof£5，000，alongwithfullmanuscriptfeedbackforshortlisteesandextractfeedbackforlonglistees.Theentryfeeis£29.99pernovel，withsponsoredplacesavailableforwritersonalowincome.

FirstPagesPrizeThisisanotherwritingcontestwithanarrayofopportunities，awardingprizesinseveralcategoriesofcreativenon-fictionandfiction.

It'sopentounagentedwritersworldwideandinvitesyoutosendyourfirstfivepages（1，250words）ofalongerworkoffictionorcreativenon-fiction.

Thewinnersreceivecashprizes（1stplacegets＄2，000，2ndgets＄1，500，3rdgets＄1，000，and4thand5theachreceive＄750，inU.S.dollars），atailorededituptothefirst100pagestosupportthecompletionoftheirfullmanuscript（mustbecompletedbeforetheendoftheprizeyear），andaconsultationwithanagent.

SubmissionsopeninJanuary2025.

TheMorleyPrizeThisisanannualcontestfromMorleyCollegeandRachelMillsLiteraryAgencyforpreviouslyunpublishedwritersofcolor.Therearetwoawardcategories：oneforanovelandtheotherforlifewriting/creativenon-fiction.

ShortlistedentrantsgetfeedbackfromRachelMillsLiteraryAgency（RML）andthewinnersreceivef500pluseditorialconsultationswithanagentfromRML.Therearenoentryfees.Itisafantasticopportunityfornewwriters!

Detailsforthe2025prizeareduetobereleasedsoon.

TheLucyCavendishPrizeThiscompetitionisforanywomanovertheageof18who'swritinganovel.Theywelcomeentriesofliteraryfictionorgenrefiction，andareopentonovelswrittenforaYoungAdultaudienceorevenchildren'sliterature，aslongastheyaren'tpicturebooks.

Thegreatthingaboutenteringthisfictioncontestisthatyou'renotjustinwithachancetowinthegrandprize；youalsoreceiveavaluablehalf-hourone-to-oneconsultationwithcompetitionsponsorsPFD（subjecttonotalreadyhavinganagent）ifyoumaketheshortlist!Duringtheconsultation，professionalagentswillgiveeditorialfeedbackanddiscussthemarketabilityoftheworkyou'vesubmitted.Inaddition，thewinnerreceives£1，500inprizemoney.

Tobeconsidered，youneedtopaythe£12entryfee（althoughthereisalow-incomeoption）andsubmitthefirst40-50pagesofyournovelalongwithasynopsis（3-5pageslong）.Yournovelneednotbecompletedatthetimeofsubmission.However，hereitdoesneedtobeentirelyunpublishedwork：havingpostedevenonechapteronapublicblog，forexample，disqualifiesyou.

Thedeadlineforpaidentriesis12noononFriday，January31，2025.ThedeadlineforsponsoredentriesisJanuary27，2025.

Thecollegealsohasotherwritingawards，includinganenvironmentalessaycontest，althoughseveraloftheawardsareonlyforstudentsenrolledincoursesatthecollege.16.TheBathNovelAwardrequired______wordsfortheentriestothecompetition？A.upto3000 B.2500-5000 C.25000-50000 D.atleast5000017.WhatdoestheFirstPagesPrizediffersfromothercompetitions？______A.Writer'sprizes B.Freewriting

C.Non-fiction D.Publishedwriting18.Whichcompetitioninvolvesindividualservice？______A.BathNovelAward B.TheLucyCavendishPrize

C.FirstPagesPrize D.TheMorleyPrize19.Whathaveincommoninthese4competitions？______A.Maybeunpublished B.Mustbeself-unpublished

C.Noentryfees D.OnlyforwomenBInthe1980s，IlivedinaVictoriantriplexclosetoOttawa'sChinatown.MydayswerespenthunchedoveranIkeadesk，reading，takingnotesandwritingforamaster'sdegree.Mostly.Iperseveredthroughalldistractions，fullyabsorbedinwhatIwaslearning.Butonwarmsummerdays，IwouldbringmynotecardstoDundonaldPark.ItwastherethatIfirstencounteredtaichi.

Menandwomenwouldgather，inlooseformation，andbegintomovewithslowthoughtfuldeliberation，inunison.Theiractionscombinedtoachieveameditativedance，anditsoothedmejusttowatch.Therewasabeautyandgracetotheirsessionsthatresembledatime-lapsevideoofawaterlilyopening.

TaichiwasmesmerizingbutIcouldn'tseeitspoint.Icouldachievemyfitnessgoalsfromexerciseclasses，swimmingandcycling-anditdidn'tseemthatmovingsoslowlywoulddomuchtotonemuscle，myJaneFonda-inspiredobjectiveforallactivity.Ichoseonlytoadmirethismartialartasitwaspracticedbyothers，andkeptmydistance.

Buttaichistayedwithme-aseedplanted.Andamazingly，decadeslater，thenecessaryconditionsforfloweringhaveemerged.Moretime-thankstoretirement-coupledwitharecommendationfrommydoctorhavebroughtmefullcircle，onlythistimeIamnotontheparkbenchwatching，butinsidetheformation，literallystumblingtowardgrowth.

Ihadsomefalsestartsattheoutset.ThefirstgroupIjoinedwasledbyacaringinstructor，butitslateafternoontiminganditssetting-awindowlesschurchbasement-leftmeuninspired.Afterlearningthefirsteightsteps，Itookabreakandneverreturned.Thesecondtry，sixmonthslater，wasmoresuccessful.Ifoundamorningclassinamuchbrighterspace-andthetinyseedlingbegantopushthroughthesoil.

Naively，Ihadthoughtthatmygoalwouldbetomasterthechoreographyofthe108movementsthatformthebasisoftaichi.Technicallyright，butwrongonsomanycounts.Rather，Iquicklylearned，whatrequiredmasteringweremyownpersonalitytraits.

Theclasswasfulloflovelypeoplewhoglidedeffortlessly，seeminglyneverconfusedaboutwheretomovenextorwhatthenamesofthemoveswere.Theyassuredmethattheyhadbeenbeginnersoncetoo，andthatIwouldbeabletorememberallthemoveswithinthreeorfouryears.Threetofouryears!Graduatedegreestooklesstime.

ButIcouldseetheywereright.Aftersixmonths，Istillfounditdifficulttocompleteeventheopening13movesonmyown.Icouldonlywatchandcopy，watchandcopy-waitingforthedaythatmyownbodywouldmemorizetheinternalrhythmsoftheset.

ThepatienceneededforsuchslowprogresswassoantitheticaltothewayInormallyapproachedphysicalactivitythatIfounditalmostunbearable.Previously，anysportthatIcouldn'tdoeasily.Ijustrejected.Ineverdidlearnhowtothrowasoftballorcatchit，orhowtodothefrontcrawl.Istucktoactivitiesthatneedednohoning.

Ialsoneededtolosetheexcuses，myfavouritestrategyforavoidance.DeclaringnaturalclumsinessorbadhipsorthatIstillcan'ttellleftfromrightinstinctively（alltrue，bytheway）justwouldn'tfly.Commitandimprove：Thatwastheonlymantraavailable.

Oh，andonemorething：Ineededtolisten-anotherskillwhereIlackedproficiency.Thisrealizationcametomepowerfullyinmyfirstmasterclass.Ihadtravelledtoataichicentreforatwo-hoursessionwithawell-knowninstructor.Iwasexcitedandnervous.TherewerepeoplefromalloverCanada，andIwasanewbiecomparedtoalmosteveryonethere.Webeganwithfoundationexercises，andalmostimmediately，theteachersingledmeoutforinstruction.

Tobesingledoutisanhonour，butIwasmortified.Asisrequired，alltheothersintheclassstoppedandturnedtowatchme（sothattheycouldlearn，too）whiletheinstructorcorrectedmypositioning."Don'tleanback，"hesaid，andIrepeatedthemovement."Stillleaningback，"heobservedlaconically，andonitwent-probablyforonlyafewminutes，butitseemedaneternity.

Icouldn'tsay，"Yeah，Igetit."IhadtoshowthatIdid.Inthoseseconds，IconcentratedasIhadneverdonebefore，listeningintentlytowhattheinstructorwassaying，watchinghismovementandthenwillingmybodytomoveinimitation.Iwassimultaneouslyunlearningandlearning，crowdingoutanyselfconsciousnesstofocus.AsIcorrected，myemotionshiftedfromhumiliationtoexhilaration.IrealizedthatIwaslearningnotjustanewstepbutanewwayofbeingintheworld-trulylistening，opentocorrection，deeplyvulnerable.

Idon'tknowthatIwillevermasterthe108moves.WhatIdoknowisthatIhavefoundanactivityinmyseventhdecadewherechangeandgrowtharenotjustpossiblebutexpected，evenwhenmystubbornpersonalitytendenciesre-emergeateveryturn.

Gradually.Ihavebecomethatlilyunfolding，awokennotbysunlightandwarmthbutbythisgentlemartialart.20.Theauthor'sfirstimpressionofTaiChi？______A.Itispleasanttotheeyesbutnotofmuchuse.

B.Itcanhelptheauthorachieveherfitnessgoals.

C.Ithelpswithphysicalhealth.

D.Itisdifficulttoauthor.21.TheauthorrealizedmasteringTaiChirequires______.A.discipline B.leadership C.persistence D.teamwork22.Whatisthemeaningofthemortified？______A.angry B.confused C.disappointed D.embarrassed23.Howdidtheauthorrespondtoinstructions？______A.Shechosetoquitimmediately

B.Shefollowedattentively

C.Shedisplayedhertalent

D.Sheopeneduphermindandsoughtadvice24.Whichofthefollowingconcludedauthor'sexperience？______A.TaiChiempowerspeopletoimprove

B.TaiChikeepsthebalanceofthebody

C.TaiChifirespeople'spassionforsports

D.TaiChifacilitatespeople'srelationshipCSmellingtheroseThehumansenseofsmellisoftendismissedasunimportantandweak，butitmakesourlivesmorevivid，saysJonasOlofsson.THEREissomethingaboutwineexpertsthatrubspeoplethewrongway.Winetastinghasbecometheepitomeofaprivilegedelitewhospendtheirdaysnosedeepinaglassofswirlingpinotnoir.Thisnegativeviewofwineexpertsisn'tonlymisguided，butpartofageneraldevaluationofoursenseofsmell.

Over2000yearsago，Aristotlewrotethat"oursenseofsmellisnotaccuratebutworsethanmanyanimals.Formansmellspoorly."Thehumanabilitytosmellisstillthoughtofasweak.AUKsurveyshoweditwasseenastheleastimportantofthesenses，andabouthalfofyoungadultswouldratherlosetheirsenseofsmellthantheirmobilephones.

Buthumansareastutesmellers，andsmellsaffectourlivesinprofoundways.Adecadeago，researchersdiscoveredthathumanscanoftendetectodourmoleculesataweakerconcentrationthannon-humananimalscan，outperformingbats，monkeys，pigs，ratsandotters-reallymostotheranimalsexceptdogs.Ethylmercaptan，amoleculeaddedtonaturalgassowecandetectleaks，requirestheequivalentofthreedropsinaspacethesizeofanOlympicswimmingpoolforustodetectit-aconcentrationof0.2partsperbillion.

Itistruethatoursenseofsmellisdifferentfromourothersenses.Whileourbrainsaresuperbatperformingvisualanalysesofthesensoryenvironment，thehumansenseofsmellcreatesholisticimpressionsofoursurroundings，informedbyalloursenses.Whenweperceiveasmell，weinterpretitbasedalsoonwhatwesee，hear，thinkandfeel.Forexample，abrightyellowcolourhelpsbringoutthecitrusaromainalemonade.Hungerorthebodilymemoryofanillnessmightcreateoppositereactionstothesamefoodsmell.

Thesecross-sensoryinfluencesonoursmellperceptionsmightseemlikeashortcoming，butmyresearchhastaughtmetoconsideritasafeature，notabug.Myteamrecentlydiscoveredthatthebrainisespeciallyengagedinmakingpredictionsaboutfuturesmells，andwhenthosepredictionsareviolatedbyasurprisingsmell，severalregionsacrossthebrainrespondinanefforttore-evaluatewhatweareactuallysmelling

Wineexpertsaregreatatmakingsmellpredictions.Apaleruby-redcolourmightguidetheexperttosniffforstrawberryandmushroom，characteristicnotesofapinotnoir.Thesenseofsmellevolvedinnaturalenvironmentswherethesenseshadtoworktogethertofindpotentialfoodsourcesandremembertheconsequencesofeatingthem.

Theexpertiseofwinetastersisfueledbytheirknowledgeofsensorycorrespondences.Smellsbindtogetherimpressionsfromallthesenses，linkingthemtoourinternalstates：hunger，emotions，memoriesofthepastandexpectationsofthefuture.Thatiswhyanosmia，thelossoftheabilitytosmell，whichhappenedtomillionsduringthecovid-19pandemic，oftenleavespeopledepressed，emotionallyandsexuallydisconnectedfromtheirpartners，withadisruptedappetiteandalackofenjoymentfromeatinganddrinking.Theysometimesfeelliketheyaredetachedfromrealityratherthanbeingimmersedinit.

Smellingmakesusliveourlifemorevividly，andforthoseaffectedbychronicanosmia，acurefortheconditioncannotcomesoonenough.Whileexposure-basedsmelltrainingremainsarecommendedtreatment，drugsthathelprebuildolfactorycellsarecurrentlybeingexplored.Forthoseofuswhoarefortunatetohaveretainedoursenseofsmell，learningaboutwinesandnewcuisinestoexpandourpalate，andspendingmoretimeamongthesmellsofnature，areexcellentwaystocultivateournasalintelligence.25.What'sthepurposeatthebeginningofpassageaboutthewineexperts？______A.Topresentacommonmisunderstanding

B.Tosupporttheauthor'sattitude

C.Tosharepersonalexperience

D.Tocriticizecertaingroupofpeople26.Whatwasthedifferencebetweenhumansenseofsmellandanimals'adecadeago？______A.humanshaveaweakersenseofsmellthanbats.

B.humanscandetectextremelylowsmell.

C.humanshaveabettersenseofsmellthanallanimals.

D.humanshaveabettersenseofsmellthandogs.27.Whatcanwelearninferfromparagraph4？______A.Overusingthesenseoftastecanleadtoadeclineinothersensoryabilities.

B.Oursenseofsmellissimilartoourothersenses.

C.Thecolorofthefoodcanbringouttheardor.

D.Oursenseofsmellcanimproveourmemory.28.Inwhichsituation，thebrain'spredictionstartsasmellre-evaluation？______A.Whenthesecross-sensoryinfluencesonoursmellperceptionsmightseemlikeadisadvantage.

B.Whenthebrainisespeciallyengagedinmakingpredictionsaboutfuturesmells.

C.Whenthebrainrespondtowhatweareactuallysmelling.

D.Whenthosepredictionsgoagainsttheunexpectedsmell.29.FromtheParagraph6，evolutionofsmellhasmuchtodowith______？A.aneasyaccesstofoodsource

B.humans'curiositytonature

C.correspondencesensoryknowledgeoffood

D.dangernatureenvironment30.Whatdoesthepassagefocuson？______A.Thesignificanceofresearchingthesenseofsmell.

B.Howthesenseofsmellfunctionsbyinvolvingothersenses.

C.Thehumansenseofsmellismoreaccuratethanotheranimals.

D.Howcanweretrainedoursenseofsmell？DTheshapeofalifeAskmostpeoplewhat'thegoodlife'involves，andtheywilllikelyrattleoffalistofgoods.Maybethosegoodsaresimplepleasureslikefood，laughter，sex，ormoney；maybethey'remorerefinedgoodslikeart，music，friendship，parenthood，orafulfillingcareer.Philosophers，youmaybesurprisedtolearn，arepeopletoo，andoftenputtogethersimilarlistsasconstituentsofthegoodlife.EvenAristotle，whobelievedthatthekeytoeudaimonia，or'flourishing'，isthecultivationandexerciseofvirtue，stillthoughtcertaingoodswereeitherprerequisitesforhappiness（e.g.，health）orweregoodsthatcametothevirtuous（fame，wealth，friendship）.

Ifwe'recomparinghowhappyorflourishingvariouspeople'slivesare，itseemsnaturaltolookforcertaingoods，andcomparewhohasmoreofthem.Thereareplentyofdifferentwayswecoulddothis，ofcourse，andit'squitelikelywewon'tagreeonwhichgoodsaretheonesthatareconstitutiveofhappiness.Itmay，foronething，dependonwhoyouare，andwhatyouhappentovalue.Askayoungactor，forinstance，whatthey'dconsideraflourishing，fulfillinglifetoconsistof，andtheymightreeloffalistofgoodsrelatedtotheirprofession：beingcastinhigh-profileroles，beingwell-paid，achievingcriticalacclaim，winningawards，andsoon.Thatseemsreasonableenough.Anactor'slifewillbebetter，allthingsconsidered，ifitcontainsthesethingsthanifitdoesn't.

Butconsiderthisthoughtexperiment，adaptedfromonegivenbythephilosopherDaleDorsey.Let'scomparetwothespianlives，eachseeminglycontainingthesameoverallamountofgoods，butwithverydifferentlife-trajectories.

First，meetToby.Tobywantstobeanactor.Hestrugglestogetworkformanyyears，enduringallsortsofsetbacksandheartbreaks.Butastheyearsgoby，Tobymanagestolandasuccessionofincreasinglyprestigiousroles.Fromhumblebeginnings，heworkshiswayuptobecomeafamous，wealthy，anduniversallyrespectedactor.Hislifetimeearningsare＄20million，andhewinsanOscarforhisfinalmoviebeforeretiring.

Now，meetYbot.Ybot，likeToby，wantstobeanactor.UnlikeToby，however，Ybothitsthebigtimerightoutofthegate：infact，hewinsanOscarforhisveryfirstfilmrole，makinghimrichandrespected.Afterthisinitialeasysuccess，heenjoysasuccessionoffilmroles，butovertimetherolesbecomelessprestigiousandlesswellpaid，andhebeginstoendureanumberofsetbacksandheartbreaks.Towardstheendofhiscareer（acrosswhichhehasearned＄20million，mostlyatthestart），hestrugglestogetwork，andfinallyretiresintohumbleobscurity.

Asyou'llhavequicklyrealized，thesetwoactors'lives，liketheirnames，aremirror-images.BothTobyandYbot'slivescontainthesameputativegoods：anOscar，＄20million，fame，respect，andsoon.Theyalsocontainthesamestrugglesandheartbreaks.Ifweviewtheirlivesassortofbalancesheetofexperientialprofitandloss，TobyandYbotbothseemtoleadlivesofequalnetworth.TheonlydifferenceisthatYbotexperiencesthesegoodsandbadsinareverseordertoToby.Toby'soverall'score'inlifeslopesupwardsovertimefromalowstartingpoint，whileYbot'sslopesdownwardfromaninitialhigh，yettheybothhitthesameheightsandendurethesamelows.Ifflourishingisjustamatterofenjoyingcertaingoods，thenitseemsbothactorsflourishtothesameextent.

Yetmostofus，Isuspect，wouldthinkthattheorderingofthesegoodsdoes，infact，makeadecisivedifferencetohowwecompareTobyandYbot'scareers.ItseemshardtoavoidtheconclusionthatToby'slifeisbetterthanYbot's.Ifwehadtochoosebetweentheselives，mostofuswouldmuchprefertolivelikeTobythanYbot.Bothexperiencetriumphandadversity，butToby'sstoryisoneoftriumphoveradversity，whileYbot'sisastoryofdeclineintoadversity.

Butwhyshouldthatmakeadifference，ifbothlivescontainthesameamountofpleasurevssufferingandbothcontainthesamenetbenefits？Doesourpreferenceforonelifeovertheothertracksomedeepfactabouthumanvalue，orisitsimplyanirrationalhabitofthought—andwouldwe，then，bebetteroffifweditchedthispreference？

Whencomparingtheoverallwelfarelevelofdifferentlives，itseemsnaturalenoughtothinkofaperson'slifeasasortofcontainerforvariousgoodandbadexperiences.Someonewhoselifecontainslovingrelationships，astablehomelife，fulfillingworkandexperiencesliketravelandeducationseemsbetteroffthansomeonewhoselifedoesnotcontainthesegoods.Thegoodsandthebadsarewhatweevaluate；the'container'theysitinisbasicallyneutral.Butthatbalancesheetmodelseemstomissanother，moreelusivekindofvalue.

Wemight，forinstance，valuethingslikeovercomingadversity，ornothavingoursuccessescometooeasily.Someonewhoclimbsamountainwillexperiencemorestrugglethansomeonewhogetsdroppedonthepeakbyhelicopter，buttheclimberwillalsohaveasenseofaccomplishmenttheotherpersonmaywellenvy.Inthatsense，wemightthinkToby'slifeisbetterbecausehishighsseemmorewell-earnedthanYbot'sdo.Butthat'snotthewholestory.Thenarrativetrajectoryitselfseemstomakeadifference.Alifeofearlysuccessfollowedbystagnationanddeclineseemslikealessoverallsuccessfullifethanonewheresuccesscomeslaterintheday.Wherethestoryends，relativetowhereitbegan，seemstomatterinitself.Wevaluehappyendings，notjusthappymoments.

Thisintuitivejudgmentfindsexpressioninwhat'sbeencalledthe'shapeoflife'hypothesis.Onthisview，livingagoodlifeisnotsimplyabouthavingtherightkindofexperiencesorlife-events，butofhavingthemintherightorderorsequence.Inotherwords，it'snotenoughtohavetherightingredients—youhavetoarrangethemintherightsortofway，andsomearrangementsarebetterthanothers，inwaysthatcan'tbereducedtothesumoftheparts.It'slikefurniture：youcanhavetwonicesofasandacoffeetable，butitalsomattershowtheroomissetup.

Whattheshapeoflifehypothesissuggestsisthatourlivesarenotsimplybagsintowhichwecramgoodthingsandbadthings.Thetypeoflifeitis—thegenreofthatlife-story，sotospeak—matterstoo.Withouttherightshape，evenalifefullofwondrousthingscanendupasatalewe'dprefernottoliveout.31.WhatisAristotle'sviewonthegoodlife？______A.goodscontributetohappiness.

B.thosegoodsaresimplepleasures.

C.goodlifeshouldincludemorerefinedgoods.

D.thekeytohappinessliesonlyinthecultivationofvirtue.32.WhatarethecommonpointsbetweenTobyandYbot？______A.Theyenjoygreatreputationwhentheyretire.

B.Theyreachthesameheightinfilmindustry.

C.Theyactingcareershaveallbeensmooth.

D.Theylivesstartwithhardshipsandturnsweet.33.Whatcanweinferfrommountainclimbing？______A.Whatcomeseasilyismorevaluable.

B.Someonepreferstogetdroppedonthepeakbyhelicopter.

C.Theotherpersonmaywellenvytheclimber.

D.Strugglinglifeshouldbetreasuredmore.34.Accordingtoparagraph11，theauthortriesto______A.Makeadefinition B.Changethetopic

C.Furthertheargument D.Providefurtherevidence35.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage？______A.Toshapelifewithgooddeeds B.Definingtheshapeofgoodlife

C.Essentialcomponentsofgoodlife D.Howtoshapeagoodlife三、完形填空：本大题共20小题，共30分。JosiahJacksonspentaboutsevenhourssitingonthefloorintheCconcourseatChicagoO'HareInternationalAirporttovoluntarilycleanapublicbabygrandpiano'sstickyactionandkeys.Hethengavethepianoamuch-neededtuning.

JosiahJacksonwasonhiswaytoFloridawithfriendsthreeyearsagowhenhe（1）______ababygrandpianoatChicagoO'HareInternationalAirport.

"Itwasapublicpianoandanyonecouldplayit."saidJackson，explainingthatthepianowasnearGateC17，nexttotheBeaudevinWineBar.

Jackson，then18，hadplayedpianosinceage4andhadrecentlystartedhisownpiano-tuningbusinessinGrandRapids，Michigan.Whenhisfriendspersuadedhimtoplayatuneduringtheirlayover，hecringedafteronlyafewnotes.

"ItwasabsolutelytheworstpianoIhaveeverplayed，"saidJackson，now21."Itwasembarrassinglybad.Thekeysweresticky，andeverynotesoundedterrible."

"Ithought.Oneday，I'mgoingtocomebacktotheairporttotunethispiano（2）______andredeemmyself'"hesaid.

Herecentlygothis（3）______.AndavideohepostedonYouTubelastmonthshowinghowhecleanedandtunedthepianohasmorethan1.3millionviews.

Jackson'splanwasputintoactionlastyear，afewmonthsbeforeasummertriptoGuatemalatohelpachurchgroupbuildhousingforpeopleinneed.Hesaidhenoticedthatthereturnflighthewasthinkingofbookingstop