2025北京高三（上）期末英语汇编：七选五

2025北京高三（上）期末英语汇编

七选五

一、阅读理解

（2025北京朝阳高三上期末）Areyoustrugglingwithlowself-esteem（自尊）？Ifso,youmayhavebeen

toldtorepeatphrasessuchas'Tmalovableperson".]However,whenpsychologiststestedtheeffectsof

suchpositiveself-talk,theyfound"toxicpositivity^^一thephenomenonthataforcedoptimisticinterpretationofour

experiencesalongsidethebottlingupofnegativeemotionscandorealdamage.

2Beginningintheindustrialrevolution,socioeconomicgoalsaroundproductivityandefficiency

contributedtoaculturewhereemotions,especiallyparalyzingoneslikesadness,wereseenashandbrakesto

economicoutput.Ifsomeonewasstruggling,theywereadvisedtohavemorefaithratherthanencouragedtoexplore

therootcauses.Sciencealsotakessomeblame.Historically,psychologistsdidn'tconsideremotionsasjustified

phenomenatostudy,sotherewaslittleunderstandingoftheirsignificantimpactonmentalhealth.

Itisn'tsurprisingthatwewanttobelievethingswillturnoutbetterifwehavepositiveattitude.Afterall,there

isagrowingbodyofresearchindicatingthatanoptimisticoutlookonlifedoeshavebenefits,suchaspromoting

physicalhealth,boostingenergy,andreducingstress.Italsoisn'tsurprisingthatwelabelcertainemotions,likeanger,

guilt,fear,andbitterness,asbadbecausetheydofeelunpleasant.3

Nevertheless,itisbecomingapparentthatpositivityhasitslimits.In2021,ameta-analysiswithmorethan

217,000participantsinvestigatedthelinkbetweenoptimism,pessimismandmortality.Itfoundthatanoptimistic

outlookwasindeedassociatedwiththelowerriskofdeath,however,bothunrealisticoptimismandpessimismwere

linkedtoahigherriskofdeath.4

Howcanweescapetoxicpositivity?SusanDavisfromHarvardMedicalSchoolemphasizestheimportance

ofallowingourselvestositwithuncomfortableemotions.5Thekeytomanagingemotionsdoesnotliein

judgingoneselfforfeelingnegativeemotions,butsimplyexperiencingthem,knowingthattheywillpass.

A.Weneedtoacceptthemasanormalpartofhumanexperience.

B.Ourtendencytoavoidthedarkeraspectsofhumanexperienceisn'tnew.

C.Whenweexperiencethem,wecanbecomeconsumed,disturbedorinactive.

D.Neglectingnegativeemotionsisalsofoundtobeharmfultoourmentalhealth.

E.Theyurgeustoinjectabitofpositiveemotionintoourdaytogainthebenefits.

F.Positivechantslikethisaresettoboostaperson'smoodandfeelingsofself-worth.

G.Wearemorelikelytoperceivenormalemotionsasmentalproblemsneedingtreatment.

（2025北京东城高三上期末）Whilecompliments（赞扬）mayseemsimple,theycanhavealargeimpact

onyouandthepeoplearoundyou,creatingarippleofpositivity.However,givingcomplimentsrequiresskillsand

knowledge.

Mostcomplimentsinourculturefollowaverypredictablepattern.6Abouttwo-thirdsofcompliments

intheUSaremadeusingjustfiveadjectives:nice,good,beautiful,pretty,andgreat.Inaddition,about80%of

complimentsfollowthreeformats.SoifIlikedabookyouwroteandwantedtosaysomethingpositiveaboutit,my

complimentwouldprobablyfollowoneofthesebasicpatterns:"Yourbookisgreat,“"Iloveyourbook,^^or“Thatis

aterrificbook.^^

7.Forexample,in2011ascholarshowedthatwomeninunstructuredsettingsbothgiveandreceive

farmorecomplimentsthanmen.Aboutthree-quartersofwomen'scomplimentstootherwomeninanunstructured,

informalsettinginvolveappearance.Inagoal-oriented,formalsetting,68%ofpraisestatementsareabout

performance.8

Whetherthecomplimentiseffectivedependsonwhetheritisbelievable,appropriate,andunqualified.__9

Ifyoutellmemyhairlooksgood,Iwilldismissitandsuspectyourmotives,becauseIhavelittlehair.Moregenerally,

peoplewithlowself-esteemdon'tusuallyreceivecomplimentswell.Asresearchershaveshown,inpeoplewithhigh

self-esteem,acomplimentstimulatespartsofthebrainresponsibleforself-referentialthinking.Thisoccurs

significantlylessforpeoplewhohavelowself-esteem.

Evenifacomplimentagreeswithone'sself^conception,scholarsconcluded,itmustmeetthreecriteriatobe

acceptedbyitsobject.10Itmustbesincere.Anditmustoccurintheappropriatecontext.

A.Itmustfollowthebasicpatterns.

B.Thepraisemustcomefromapersonwithcredibilitytogiveit.

C.Whatwechoosetocomplimentdependsongenderdifferences.

D.Agoodcomplimentmustnotconflictwithitsrecipient9sself^conception.

E.Ifpeoplehavenegativeviewofaperson,theywouldresisthiscompliments.

F.Incontrast,menaremorelikelytocomplimentoneanotheronperformanceinallsettings.

G.Theyaregenerallydirectedtowardanotherperson'sappearance,performance,orpossessions.

（2025北京西城高三上期末）Whatfooddoyoulove?Whatfooddoyouhate?Ifyouaskaround,you511

soonseethere9snorightorwronganswer-ifsallaquestionoftaste.11Rather,scientistshavediscovered

thattasteisinfluencedbyourgenesandDNA.

Ourscientificunderstandingoftastebeganjust25yearsagowiththediscoveryoftastereceptors-cells

locatedonthetongue'ssurface.12Whattastessweettomemighttastesourorsaltytosomeoneelse,and

thisisbecauseofdifferencesinthereceptorswe'rebomwith.Inotherwords,tasteispartlygenetic.

AccordingtoDanielleReed,aresearcherattheMonellChemicalSensesCenterinPhiladelphia,tcWhenwe

firststarteddoinggeneticstudies,wereallyjustlimitedourselvestolookingatafewEuropeans,peopleofEuropean

ancestry.13WearebroadeningourhorizonsandstudyingpeopleofAsianandAfricanancestry,andthat

hasreallyopeneduptheknowledgethatpeoplearemuchmorediversethanweeverrealized.Tasteisn'tamatterof

opinion.14”

Butifscientistsaretellingustasteislargelygenetic,whataboutrestaurantcriticsandwineconnoisseurs一

peoplewhosejobistotelluswhattoeatanddrink?Aretheiropinionsanybetterthanourown?DavidKermode,a

winejudgefortheInternationalWineandSpiritsCompetition,admitsthatwhilescientistshaveshowntasteislargely

individualandgenetic,personaltasteremainssubjective."15Buttheyareencouragedtosetthoseprejudices

aside.”

A.It'samatterofbiology.

B.Itisactuallythenumber-onedriverforfoodchoice.

C.However,individualtasteexperienceishighlysubjective.

D.Butourtaste,itturnsout,isn'tsimplyamatterofopinion.

E.Peopleallhavetheirownpersonalprejudicesinwhateveraspectoflifetheywanttogointo.

F.Andso,ourunderstandingofthebroaddiversityofhumansontheplanetwasextremelylimited.

G.Forresearchersinsocialsciences,tasteisabroaderconceptrelatedtotradition,geography,culture,aswellas

socialrelations.

（2025北京海淀高三上期末）Imagineyou'vebeenworkingforhoursbeforeadeadline,butyoufeellike

you'regettingnowhere.You'restartingtofeelreallyanxious.Atthispoint,youmightstarttoblameyourselffor

havingthisemotion.Nowyouhavetwoemotions:feelinganxiousaboutgettingworkdoneandfeelingfrustrated

thatyouareanxious.Whenthesecondemotiongetslayeredontopofthefirstemotion,youoftenfeelworseandare

evenlesslikelytoreachyourgoals.Youmaynowbewonderingifitispossibletomakethesecondemotionless

likely.16.

Manypeoplehaveheardof“mindfiilness”.Itisoftenassociatedwithdoingameditation（冥想）practice,but

itsessenceistobemoreawareandacceptingofyourpresent-momentexperience.17Acceptancecanlimit

judgmentalthoughtsandunhelpfulsecondaryemotions.

Letmeexplain.Pictureyourselfinachallengingsituationlikethescenariodescribedaboveandyoufeel

anxietyarising.Insteadofgettingupsetatyourselfforhavingthisemotion,youbringyourawarenesstothe

experienceoftheemotionandacceptit.Youmightfeelthatthisanxietyisnotfuntoexperience.18With

thisattitudeofacceptance,andsteppingawayfromthetendencytofightagainsttheemotion,youarelesslikelyto

getstuckinaloopofjudgmentalthoughtsthatmighttriggermoreunwantedemotions.

19Butevidencesuggeststhatitworks.Thatisprobablybecauseacceptingyourselves,includingyour

emotions,relievespressure.Youstopaddingfueltotheemotionalfirewhenyoureleasejudgmentalthoughtsabout

youremotions.20Forinstance,youcouldturndownthevolumeontheinitialemotion,perhapsbyseeing

thesituationfromanewperspectiveoraskingsomeoneforsupport.

A.Thankfully,researchsuggeststhattheanswerisyes.

B.Youcan'tbeproductiveevenwhenyouhavemoreinnerspace.

C.Thenyoumayquestionifyouarefeelinganxiousaboutgettingworkdone.

D.Yetyouknowyoucanbreatheitthroughandthatitisjustapassingemotion.

E.Sometimestheexperienceincludesanunpleasantemotionyoudon'twanttofeel.

F.Itmightsoundunreasonablethatembracinganunpleasantemotioncanbeagoodthing.

G.Youalsocreatemoreinnerspacetodeterminewhetheryoucandosomethingthathelps.

（2025北京丰台高三上期末）Hesitationasintuition（直觉）

You'vethoughtaboutit.You'vemadeyourdecisionandthen.....youhesitate.Yourmousehoversoverthe

""purchasenow“button,you'vewrittenthetextbutcan'tquitebringyourselftopress"send”.Youhesitate.21

Ourculturevaluesdoing.We'reconstantlyurgedto“goforit."Butwhatifhesitationisnotasignofweakness

butratheravaluablesignal?22Butwedon'talwaysmakeitapracticetolistentoourbodies.Whenwedo

payattention,wehaveaccesstoalotofnonrationalinformationincludingourintuition.Ifyounoticeyourself

hesitating,itmightmeanapartofyouisn'tquitesure.Hesitationcanbethebody'swayofalertingustooverlooked

detailsorconcealedinformationthatcouldbecrucialtoourchoice.

Sincehesitationcancarrysuchsignificance,itbecomesessentialtounderstandthenatureofthesignalsour

bodiessend.Althoughdistinguishingbetweenintuitionandfearoranxietyisnoteasy,whenwecultivatethehabit

ofself-awarenessandunderstandourfears,wecanbegintodecipher（辨认）themessagesbehindourhesitation.

Moreover,ourrationalmindshavetheirlimitations.23Therefore,byintegratingouremotionsandphysical

sensationsintothedecision-makingprocess,weaccessamorecomprehensiveunderstanding.

Tomakemoreinformeddecisions,wecanemployspecificstrategies.Onewaythatwecanhelpourselves

withaspecificdecisionistonoticewhenthere?shesitationand,ifyouhavethetime,wait.24Another

interestingwaytolookatmakingadecisionistowalkuptothedoorofit.Takeactionasifyouhadalreadymade

thedecision.Andbeforeifstoolate,noticehowitfeelstowalkthatpath.Thatmaygiveyoumoreinformationthan

thinkingevercould.

25Byintegratingbothrationalandintuitiveelements,wecanhandlethecomplexchoiceswithgreater

confidenceandclarity.

A.It'seasytomissintuitivesignalswhenwearemovingfromthinkingminds.

B.Theyworkwithinfixedframeworksthatmightnotmatchthecomplexreality.

C.Whileourmindsareundoubtedlypowerful,ourbodiesalsoholdawealthofwisdom.

D.Innature,thekeytoeffectivedecision-makingliesinseeinghesitationasahelp.

E.Checkbackinwiththedecisionyouthoughtyoumadeandseeifanythingdiffers.

F.Hesitationmeansyourintuitionistryingtospeaktoyoufromdeepinnerplace.

G.Thishesitationiscommonyetoftenoverlookedinourdecision-makingprocess.

（2025北京石景山高三上期末）TimeorMoney?

Wouldyouratherhaveahighersalaryorthefreedomtoworkfromanywhereintheworld?Accordingtoa

survey,sevenoutoftensurveyedreaderswouldconsideracceptingalowersalaryformoreperks（额外收入）and

benefits-oneintenwoulddefinitelydoso.26.

Fortoday'sworkforce,especiallyGenZsandmillennials（千禧一代），perksextendfarbeyondthetraditional

benefitspackage.Theyareputtingalotoffocusonwork-lifebalance,careeradvancement,andthecompany'sculture

andvalues.Amongall,aflexibleworkarrangementtopsthelistofthosevalues.27.Theabilitytocontrol

whenandwheretheyworknotonlyboostsproductivitybutalsohelpspreventburnout.Thisshiftenforcescompanies

todemonstratethattheyvalueoutcomesandresultsoverrigidschedules.Inreturn,employeesfeeltrusted,valued,

andempowered,performingattheirbestwhengiventheflexibilitytobalancetheirpersonalandprofessionallives.

28.Forwomen,especiallyworkingmothers,unclearboundariesbetweenhomeandworkcanmake

themfeelliketheyarealwaysworking,whichincreasestheriskofburnout.Moreover,remoteworkcanintensify

（增强）thechallengesassociatedwithcareeradvancement,asfewerin-personinteractionscanleadtobeing

overlookedorsidelined.29.Thisbeliefcouldnegativelyaffecttheirchancesforpromotionsandleadership

opportunities.

Lookingahead,flexibleworkarrangementsareheretostayandwilllikelycontinuetoevolve.30.

Organizationsshouldensureequitableopportunitiesconsistentwithflexibleworkmodels,suchasoffering

personalizedarrangementsinsteadofone-size-fits-allsolutions.

A.Thisiswherecompanypoliciescanplayacrucialrole.

B.Employersinvestalotincreatingattractiveworkenvironments.

C.Itprovidestheindependenceandfreedomyoungeremployeesseek.

D.Whileflexibleworkarrangementsofferbenefits,theyalsohavedrawbacks.

E.Flexibilityandwork-lifebalancenowoutweighfinancialrewardsformany.

F.Butwhataretheseperksandhowarecompaniesadaptingtomeettheseexpectations?

G.Furthermore,thosewhopreferflexibilityareoftenseenaslesscommittedtotheircareers.

（2025北京房山高三上期末）Aswinterapproaches,weencounternotonlythephysicaldarknessbutalso

thedarknessofvariousglobalandpersonalchallenges.31

Wecanstartbyappreciatingthenaturalbeautyaroundus.32Ialsoappreciateobservingthewildlife

aroundme,suchasbirdsthatskiparoundmydriveway,providingasenseoflifeandmovementintheotherwisestill

andcoldwinterlandscape.

Forotherkindsoflight,wecanturntoourfriendsandfamily.Nothingfeelsmorelikesunlightthanwalking

intoaroomfullofpeoplewhoarehappytoseeme.Ithinkofmyfamilyonspecialoccasions,theirshiningeyes

radiatinglove.33.

34Readingapoetrybook,listeningtoabeautifulpieceofmusic,oradmiringapaintingcanallbringa

senseofpeaceandinspiration.Theseworkscanhelpusseetheworldinanewway,findingbeautyandmeaning

eveninthedarkestmoments.

Moreover,spiritualpracticescanprovideasenseofinnerpeaceandlight.35.Differentpeoplehave

differentpractices,buttheyallserveasasourceofstrengthandguidanceduringdifficulttimes.

Nomatterhowdarkthedays,wecanfindlightinourownhearts,andwecanbeoneanother?slight.Wecan

shinelightouttoeveryonewemeet.

A.Weseedisastersonourscreens.

B.Inourdarkestmoments,artalsocreatesarayoflight.

C.Ipreferwalkingoutside,challengingmyselfagainstthecold.

D.Whateverishappening,wecanstillfindlightevenduringdifficulttimes.

E.Similarly,spendingtimewithfriends,bringswarmthandjoytoourhearts.

F.Itakewalksoutside,enjoyingthebeautyofsnowthatshineslikediamonds.

G.Forsome,thismayinvolvesilence,journaling,orreadingsfrominspirationalleaders.

（2025北京通州高三上期末）Forcollegeapplicants,theessayistheplacetoshowcasetheirwritingskills

andlettheiruniquevoiceshinethrough.Anditisastudent'schancetoreallyspeakdirectlytotheadmissionsoffice,

tomakeagoodimpressionandtoboosttheirchancesofbeingaccepted.36Thiscanfeellikealotof

pressure.

37Theytendtobebroad,open-endedquestions,givingstudentsthefreedomtowriteaboutawide

rangeoftopics.Infact,it'schallengingtothinkofputtingyourwholelifeinoneessay.

Studentsshouldnarrowtheirfocusandwriteaboutaspecificexperienceorhobbythatrevealssomething

personal,likehowtheythink,whattheyvalueorwhattheirstrengthsare.38Therearecertaintypesof

essaysthattypicallystandouttoadmissionsofficers.

Whafsmostimportantisthatacollegeessayisthoughtful.39Thinkofthecollegeessayasa

meaningfulglimpseofwhoyouarebeyondyourotherapplicationmaterials.Afterreadingyouressay,thereader

won'tfullyknowyou——atleastnotentirely.Yourobjectiveistoexcitethereader9scuriosityandmakethemeager

togettoknowyou.Butyoushouldavoidhyperbole（夸张）,whichcanlosethereaders5trust.40

Ifstudentsarehavingtroublebrainstormingpotentialtopics,theycanaskfriendsorfamilymembersforhelp.

Studentscanaskpeersorfamilymembersquestionssuchas,"WhatarethethingsyouthinkIdowell?"Or,"What

aremyoddities?^^

A.Ifsalsowisetoavoidusingirrelevantadverbsandadjectives.

B.Buttheyhaveonlyseveralhundredwordstomakethathappen.

C.Ittellsastorythatoffersinsightintowhoastudentisasaperson.

D.However,collegeapplicantsusuallyencounterpotentialsintheessay.

E.Studentscanalsowriteaboutwhatillustratesanaspectoftheirbackground.

F.Sostudentsneedtooutlinetheiressaybeforejumpingintotheactualwriting.

G.Thereareusuallyseveralessaytopicstochoosefromforacollegeapplication.

（2025W匕京昌平高三上期末）You'restandinginlineatthegrocerystoreorwaitingforanelevator.You

havenomorethanaminutetokill.Andyet,beforeyou'veevenrealizedwhatyou'redoing,you'vepulledoutyour

phoneandhavebeguntomindlesslyscroll（滚屏）throughapps.

41Researchsuggestsplentyofpeopledothesamething.Only11%ofpeople'ssmartphonechecks

wereinresponsetoanotification.Fortherestofthetime,theycheckedtheirphonestotallyunplanned,oftenwithout

thinkingthroughwhytheyweredoingit.We'resousedtoconstantstimulationthatwefeeluncomfortablewhen

we'renotdoinganything,evenforjustafewseconds.

Ourbrainsarehardwiredtoseekoutrewardslikeknowledge,entertainment,andsocialconnection.Allof

thosethingsweremuchhardertofindbeforewehadtinycomputersatourfingertips.Nowwedo.Ourphonesare

basicallyall-you-can-eatbuffetsforourbrains,endlesslyandeasilyservingupthethingstheywant.42

Aquickphonecheckprobablyisn*tdoingyourbrainanyrealharm.43Overtime,constantscrolling

couldhaveanegativeeffectonyourjobperformance,relationships,sleep,andpossiblyevenphysicalsafety,ifyou're

doingthingslikecheckingyourphonewhileyouwalkordrive.44Whenyougiveintoyoururgesand

checkyourphone,thenfeelguiltyaboutit,thefeelingoffailureaddsshametoinjury.

Ifyouwanttobreakthehabitofconstantchecking,you511havetoworkatit.Buildingawarenessisagood

way.45Forexample,nexttimeyoucatchyourselfscrollingthroughshortvideoswithoutevenabsorbing

thecontent,thinkaboutwhetheryoureallywanttobeonyourphone,oryouarejustputtingoffaless-funtask.

A.Checkingyourphoneisoftenautomatic.

B.There'salsoamental-healthelementtoconsider.

C.Ofcourseourmindscan'thelpbutfeedthemselves.

D.Startgoingwithoutyourphoneforsetperiodsoftime.

E.Theurgetocheckyourphoneisoftenrelatedtostressrelief.

F.Takeamomenttoaskyourselfwhatisdrivingyourbehavior.

G.Butit'salsoworthconsideringhowallthoselittlechecksaddup.

（20251匕京川页义高三上期末）Experiencednegotiatorsknowthatthosewhoaskformore,getmore.46

Itworksinanyimportantcommunicationopportunity,suchasaskingforhelporgettingapprovalfromyoursenior

leadershiponanimportantproject.Researchershaveproventhatknowingwhatyouwantincreasesthechancesyou

getit.Ifyou'reexplainingasituationtosomeone,itmaybethefirsttimethey'vethoughtaboutit.47Then

youraskingactsasabasefortheirfinaldecision.

Beingclearaboutwhatyouwantalsomakesyoulookmorereliable.Decisionmakersgenerallydon'tlike

peoplebringingproblemswithoutasolution.Theymaynotagreewiththesolution,buttheywillappreciatethat

you'vethoughtaboutit.Infact,figuringoutwhattorecommendwillforceyoutothinkdeeplyandclearlyaboutthe

situation,whichwillimprovethequalityoftheendproduct.48

Askingforwhatyouwantmayfeelpushy,butitactuallyputstheotherpersonatease.Beingclearupfront

aboutyouraskrespectstherelationshipbyreducingtension.49Youknowtheywantsomethingbutthey

don'tgetrighttothepoint,soyoufeelmoreandmoreuncomfortableastheybeataroundthebush,becauseyou're

wonderingwherethey'regoingwithit.

50Butifyouweregoingtoendupwithanoanyway,ifsbettertoloseearlythanlate.Besidessaving

time,itmayavoidanextendeddebatewhichmakestheotherpersonstickevenmoretotheirownposition.

A.Butit'snotlimitedtonegotiationsituations.

B.Youdoruntheriskofgettingaquickrejection.

C.Wehaveatendencytooverestimatethechanceofrejection.

D.Andthisisthebestfinaldriverofyourpersonaltrustworthiness.

E.Thinkofthetimesthatsomeonehasapproachedyouforarequest.

F.Mostcommunicationsituationsbenefitfrombeingdirectinyourask.

G.Thereisagoodchancethattheywillbeslightlyuncertainaboutwhattodo.

参考答案

1.F2.B3.C4.D5.A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了消极情绪给人带来的影响以及应该如何应对消极情绪。

1.木艮据上文“Areyoustrugglingwithlowself-esteem（自尊）？Ifso,youmayhavebeentoldtorepeatphrases

suchas，Tmalovableperson”.（你是否在与自卑作斗争？如果是这样，你可能被告知要重复诸如“我是一个可

爱的人”之类的短语）”以及后文"However,whenpsychologiststestedtheeffectsofsuchpositiveself-talk,they

found"toxicpositivity^^——thephenomenonthataforcedoptimisticinterpretationofourexperiencesalongsidethe

bottlingupofnegativeemotionscandorealdamage.（然而，当心理学家测试这种积极的自言自语的效果时，

他们发现了“有毒的积极”——一种强迫乐观地解释我们的经历，同时压抑消极情绪的现象，会造成真正的

伤害）”可知，后文与本句构成转折，推测本句主要解释上文“重复诸如“我是一个可爱的人”之类的短语”这

类语言的作用，F选项中Positivechantslikethis对应上文repeatphraseso故F选项“像这样的积极的重复话

语是用来提升一个人的情绪和自我价值感的”符合语境，故选Fo

2.根据本段内容“Beginningintheindustrialrevolution,socioeconomicgoalsaroundproductivityandefficiency

contributedtoaculturewhereemotions,especiallyparalyzingoneslikesadness,wereseenashandbrakesto

economicoutput.Ifsomeonewasstruggling,theywereadvisedtohavemorefaithratherthanencouragedto

exploretherootcauses.Sciencealsotakessomeblame.Historically,psychologistsdidn'tconsideremotionsas

justifiedphenomenatostudy,sotherewaslittleunderstandingoftheirsignificantimpactonmentalhealth.（从工业

革命开始，围绕生产力和效率的社会经济目标促成了一种文化，在这种文化中，情绪，尤其是像悲伤这样

的麻痹性情绪，被视为经济产出的手闸。如果有人正在挣扎，他们会被建议要有更多的信心，而不是被鼓

励去探索根本原因。科学也要承担一些责任。从历史上看，心理学家并不认为情绪是一种合理的研究现

象，因此人们对情绪对心理健康的重大影响知之甚少）”可知，本段主要介绍了人类回避消极情绪的历史起

源，故B选项“我们回避人类经历阴暗面的倾向并不新鲜”符合语境，故选B。

3.根据上文“Italsoisn'tsurprisingthatwelabelcertainemotions,likeanger,guilt,fear,andbitterness,asbad

becausetheydofeelunpleasant.（我们把某些情绪，如愤怒、内疚、恐惧和痛苦，贴上不好的标签，因为它们

确实让人感到不愉快，这也不足为奇）”可知，本句为本段最后一句，上文提到了一些消极的情绪，推测本

句承接上文，说明这些情绪所带来的影响，C选项中them对应上文certainemotionso故C选项“当我们经

历它们的时候，我们会变得疲惫、不安或不活跃”符合语境，故选C。

4.根据上文“Itfoundthatanoptimisticoutlookwasindeedassociatedwiththelowerriskofdeath,however,both

unrealisticoptimismandpessimismwerelinkedtoahigherriskofdeath.（研究发现，乐观的前景确实与较低的

死亡风险有关，然而，不切实际的乐观和悲观都与较高的死亡风险有关）”可知，本句是对上文研究发现的

补充说明，说明关于负面情绪的发现，D选项中alsofound对应上文found。故D选项“忽视负面情绪也被

发现对我们的心理健康有害”符合语境，故选D。

5.根据上文“Howcanweescapetoxicpositivity?SusanDavisfromHarvardMedicalSchoolemphasizesthe

importanceofallowingourselvestositwithuncomfortableemotions.（我们怎样才能摆脱有害的积极情绪呢？哈

佛医学院的苏珊・戴维斯强调了让自己面对不舒服情绪的重要性）”以及后文“Thekeytomanagingemotions

doesnotlieinjudgingoneselfforfeelingnegativeemotions,butsimplyexperiencingthem,knowingthattheywill

pass.（管理情绪的关键不在于判断自己是否有负面情绪，而在于体验它们，知道它们会过去）”可知，上文提

到让自己面对不舒服情绪的重要性，后文提到了管理方法，可知需要先接受不舒服的情绪，然后进行情绪

管理。故A选项“我们需要接受它们是人类经历的正常组成部分”符合语境，故选A。

6.G7.C8.F9.D10.B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了赞美虽然看似简单，但对人和周围的人都有很大的影响，能

激起一连串积极的反应，同时指出赞美也需要技巧和知识。

6.上文“Mostcomplimentsinourculturefollowaverypredictablepattern.（在我们文化中，大多数的赞美都遵

循一种非常可预测的模式）”说明大多数赞美都有固定模式。G选项“Theyaregenerallydirectedtowardanother

person'sappearance,performance,orpossessions.（它们通常针对另一个人的外表、表现或财产）”承接上文，具

体说明这种固定模式是什么，即“针对另一个人的外表、表现或财产”进行赞美。故选G项。

7.下文“Forexample,in2011ascholarshowedthatwomeninunstructuredsettingsbothgiveandreceivefar

morecomplimentsthanmen.（例如，20n年，一位学者发现，在非结构化的环境中，女性给予和接受的赞美

远比男性多）”通过举例说明了男性和女性在给予和接受赞美上的差异。C选项“Whatwechooseto

complimentdependsongenderdifferences.（我们选择赞美什么取决于性别差异）”引出下文，说明选择赞美的

内容与性别差异有关。故选C项。

8.上文“Aboutthree-quartersofwomen'scomplimentstootherwomeninanunstructured,informalsetting

involveappearance.Inagoal-oriented,formalsetting,68%ofpraisestatementsareaboutperformance.（在非结构

化、非正式的环境中，女性对其他女性的赞美中，约有四分之三与外表有关。在目标导向的正式场合中，

68%的赞美陈述是关于表现的）”分别说明了女性在不同场合下赞美的内容倾向。F选项“Incontrast,menare

morelikelytocomplimentoneanotheronperformanceinallsettings.（相比之下，男性在所有场合下都更有可能

对彼此的表现表示赞美）''与上文形成对比，说明了男性在赞美内容上的倾向。故选F项。

9.下文“Ifyoutellmemyhairlooksgood,Iwilldismissitandsuspectyourmotives,becauseIhavelittlehair.（如

果你告诉我我的头发看起来很好，我会不屑一顾，并怀疑你的动机，因为我头发很少）”通过举例说明了赞

美需要与被赞美者的自我认知相符，否则会被怀疑动机。D选项“Agoodcomplimentmustnotconflictwith

itsrecipienfsself-conception.（一个好的赞美必须不与其接受者的自我认知相冲突）”引出下文，说明了有效赞

美的一个重要条件是必须与被赞美者的自我认知相符。故