2023-2024学年江苏省南通市高二下学期期末考试英语试题及答案

2024年南通市高二学年度质量监测英语注意事项：考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求。1.2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthesuggestthedo?A.theseats.Repairalight.ReplaceaDotheirhomework.2.Whatthespeakersdotonight?A.mobilegames.amovie.3.Whatthedoing?A.AskingthePuttingupathepark.4.Whatdoesthefeelregretfulfor?A.Losingtouchfriends.Havingbadmemories.Rememberinglittleaboutchildhood.5.WhereA.Atagarden.Atarestaurant.Atasupermarket.试卷第1页，共13页第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoestheneednow?A.Biscuits.7.Whichplacethespeakersnext?A.aforest.ashop.ahill.Apples.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Wherearethespeakersgoingattheweekend?A.acourse.afarm.thetown.9.Whyarethespeakersmakingtheplan?A.arest.talkaboutbusiness.celebratea10.WhenarethespeakersA.OnFridayOnFridayafternoon.OnFridayevening.听第8段材料，回答第至13题。Whatpictureontheshirt?A.Afamous12.Whenwastheman'sgrandfatherprobablyborn?A.1950.In1951.1961.Adog.Aband.13.WhatdoweknowaboutThreeDogNight?A.Theychangedtheirname.Theymainlyplayedpopmusic.TheyonceworkedRedwood.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Howdoesthemanfeelabouthisinterview?A.Abitworried.Greatlyconfident.disappointed.15.WhydidtheapplytheUniversityofMichigan?试卷第2页，共13页A.herdreamHerfatherwantsherthere.believesagreatmedicalschool.16.Whatdoesthewantbe?A.A17.Whatthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers.Classmates.AA听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhatfoodrichvitaminD?A.Bones.19.Whatthesurvivalrateofpatientsthesecondgroupaftertheiroperations?A.30%.46%.72%.cake.Cheese.20.Whatthemainideaofthetalk?A.AnintroductionDifferenttreatmentsforbenefitforpeopleacertain第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、B、、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AOldHistory&AboutThiswalkingtouraperfectwaystartyour&anexcellentbasisforourothertours,offeringanexcellentoverviewofthesocanhaveacompleteexperience!Coveringeverythingfromhistoryreligion&folklore,thiswalkingtourouroriginaltourofmedievalexploringthecityaguide,you’llbeablestoplookingatamapandfocusonenjoyingthesitesaroundyou.OurtalentedandentertainingguideswalkthroughthestreetsandofAuldReekie(Edinburgh)whileenthralling(迷住)folkloreandtales!试卷第3页，共13页areproudofthequalityofallofourtoursandthenoexception.ourwordforCheckoutournearflawlessreviews.SummerSeason:10:00,12:00&14:00StartSeason:10:30&13:30DurationCostApproximately2hAdult—£20Child(5-15)—£10Under5sfree!AdditionalInformationNon-serviceanimalsarenotallowed.DigitaltranslationsEnglish,German,French,Italian,Spanish&Mandarinavailableonrequest.unfortunatelydonotadviseguestswheelchairsjointheduethenarrowstairways.apologizeforanyinconvenienceordisappointmentcaused.ThesetoursrunalltheyearroundsopleasewearclothingthatappropriatefortheScottishclimateandfootwearthatarecomfortableforatwo-hourwalkingtouronthehistoricstreetsof1Howcanvisitorsbenefitfromthetour?ATheycharttheofthe．Theydevelopgoodtiesguides.．Theybecomemorefocusedclasses.DTheyhaveabetterunderstandingofthe2Howwouldacouplekidsaged4and8payforadmission?A£30.．£40.£50.D．£60.3Whatarethevisitorsadviseddo?ADressUsewheelchairs.Da．non-servicepets.试卷第4页，共13页BAt67,BendingperformedherfirstprofessionaltheFebruary2020,Bendinglaunchedintoadanceandtheatrepieceaccompaniedbythoseallagedover60.“IwasterrifiedbutassoonasweIrealizedthatthiswaswhatIhadbeenlookingshesays.“Movingbodyandbeingsurroundedbyallthesewonderfulperformers,Ifeltcompletelyliberated.”Growingup1960sLincolnshire,firstwasspaceexploration.Determinedintospaceafterwitnessing1flightasaseven-year-old1961,BendingwentondoaatLeicesterUniversityandbeganworkingattheMassachusettsInstituteofonrocketlaunches.1990,she’dhadherfirstchildanddecidedpausehercareerhomeschool.thenextdecades,shehomeschooledherotherthreechildrenuntil,2015,heryoungestsondepartedforuniversityandshefoundherselfannestatherNorthhome.“ItfeltasIwasdoneworkingandparentingsowasnowforanewchapterbegin,”shesays.Lookingbackonherchildhoodhobbiesforinspirationduringretirement.Bendinglandedonone“WhenIwas14or15,IplayedthepartofAnitraaschoolproductionandIlovedit,”shesays.“Irememberthejoyofdancing.”BendingbeganresearchinglocalperformancecoursesandlandedonLeedsHeydaysprogramme.Everymorning,shewouldattendhalf-dayworkshopsoneverythingfromreadingplaysalouddancingsalsaandimprovisation(即兴表演).Now71,Bendinghassincebecomesofondofworkthat2023sheperformedherownone-womanStoryofaRocketScientist,dramatisinghercareeranaudienceof80people.hasalsomorerecentlyapaidmemberofthePerformanceEnsemble,facilitatingcommunityoutreachprogrammesencourageolderpeopletheirhandattakingpartperformance.“Thewholeexperiencehasbeenexciting,andsoconfident,”shesays.“Peoplestopseeingasanindividualyour60sbutbygettingonwecanshowtheworldthatwehavethingsexperiencesshareandafutureworktowards.”4HowdidBendingviewherfirstprofessionalshow?试卷第5页，共13页AItwasfarfromperfect.Itwouldbringherfame.．wouldimproveherfitness.5WhatinspiredBendingupperforming?AAteenageDItgaveherasenseoffreedom.Aspaceflightbroadcast.DHerlong-helddream.．Herhomeschoolingexperience.6WhatdoweknowaboutStoryofaRocketScientist?AIthadaboxoffice.Itstarredbyfamousactors.．aboutexperience.7Whatmessagedoestheintendconvey?ARomewasnotbuiltaDIthasattractedmoreseniorstheOnenevertoooldstart.．ManyhandslightDActionsspeaklouderthanwords.CChildrenasyoungasyearsoldwentoutoftheirwayhelpdogsandtastytreatsthatwereplacedbeyondtheirreach,despiteneverhavingmettheanimalsbefore,scientistsfound.Theworksuggeststhattoddlerscouldnotonlyunderstandthedogs’desires,butwerewillingandablehelpthemout,eventhoughthechancesofthedogsreturningthefavourweresmall.Theresearchersrecruited97toddlersagedbetween20and47monthsandwatchedtheminteractthreechild-friendlydogsattheUniversityofchildlab.Intheexperiments,researchersdroppedorsnacksjustbeyondthereach,onthesideofafencethatseparatedthetwo.thejournalHuman-AnimalInteractions,thescientistsdescribehowtoddlersweretwiceaslikelyhandoverunreachableandtreatswhendogsdisplayedcuriositytowardsThechildrenhelpedhalfofallinstanceswhendogswantedtheobjects,butonlyaquarterofcaseswhentheanimalsshowednointerest.beenknownforalongthattoddlersoutoftheirwayhelpstrugglinghumans,evenstrangers,”saidProfHenryaseniorauthoronthestudyattheUniversityofMichigan.Butwasunclearwhetherhumansdevelopedsuchaltruism(利他主义)only试卷第6页，共13页towardsotherpeople,whohelpback,andnototherspecies.Thestudyshows“itappliesotheranimalstoo”,said,dogstheyneverseeagain”.Friendlybehaviourtowardsotherspecies,evenchildrenwhoarelearningwalkandtalk,havehelpedhumans(兴旺)aroundtheworld,theresearchersApparentlyaltruisticacts,suchasleavingfoodoutforanimals,couldhaveunderpinnedpracticesthatledthedomesticationofspeciesfromdogsandcatscows,sheepandhorses.“Animaldomesticationwasreallyadvantageoushumansurvival.reallyenabledusliveandthrive,abenefit,”said“Whywedomesticateanimalsabigmystery(谜),andthisonepieceofevidencethathelpusunderstandthatFuturestudiesareneededexamineotherpsychologicalcomponentsofinstrumentalhelping,includingwhatemotionsunderlieamotivationhelpdogs,howcultureshapesthesemotivations,andhowtheseprocesseschangeasachild8Whatdidtheresearchfindingmainlyrevealaboutchildren?ATheirplayinggamesdogs.Theirhelpingbehaviourtowardsdogs.DTheircommunicationdogs.．Theirsharingfavouritetreatsdogs.9Childrenarelikelyprovideout-of-reachitemswhen________.Adogsignoredthemtheirfavourwouldbereturned．dogsshowedaninterestthemDtheitemswereonthetoddler’sside．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“underpinned”paragraph6mean?ADelayed.．Strengthened.Assessed.．Whatthelastparagraphofthemainlyabout?D．Corrected.AThesignificanceoftheresearch.．Expectationsforfurtherresearch.Theapplicationoftheresearch.DNewperspectivesofscientists.Dreadyaccessamachine,researchersattheMassachusettsInstituteof(MIT)havebuiltanAI-poweredchatbotthatsimulates(模拟)auser’solderselfanddishesoutobservationsandwisdom.Ithasthepotentialsignificantlyimpacthowpeopledecisionstodaytheirfuturewellbeingmind.interactthechatbot,usersarefirstaskedansweraseriesofquestionsabout试卷第7页，共13页themselves,theirfriendsandthepastexperiencesthatshapedandtheidealtheyenvisionforthefuture.Theythenuploadaportraitimage,whichtheprogramdigitallyagesproducealikenessoftheuseraged60.Next,theprogramfeedsinformationfromtheuser’sanswersintoalanguagemodelthatgeneratesrichsynthetic(合成)memoriesforthesimulatedolderself.Thisensuresthatwhenthechatbotrespondsquestions,drawsonarelevantThefinalpartofthesystemthechatbotitself,poweredbyGPT3.5,whichintroducesitselfasapotentialolderversionoftheuserthatabletalkaboutexperiences.Usersaretoldthe“futureself”notapredictionbutratherapotentialfutureself.Theyareencouragedexploredifferentfuturesbychangingtheiranswersthequestionnaire.Pataranutaporn,whoontheFutureprojectatMediaLab,hashadseveralconversationshis“futureself”,butsaidtheprofound(深远的)waswhenthechatbotremindedhimthathisparentswouldnotbearoundforsoheshouldspendthemwhilehecould.sessiongavemeaperspectivethatimpactfulmethishesaid.“Fromapracticalstandpoint,theeffectivenesslikelydependonhowwellcansimulatemeaningfulandrelevantconversations,”headded.“Ifusersperceivethechatbotasgenuineandinsightful,couldsignificantlyinfluencetheirtheinteractionsfeeltheimpactbelimited.”．Whatcanthe“futureself”chatbothelpusersdo?AImprovetheirwelfare.Inspirewisechoices.．theirfutureselves.DGetaccessamachine.．Whatcrucialtheproductionofanolderversionoftheusers?ATheirportraitimage.Theirmemory．Theinformationprovided.DThelanguagemodelemployed.．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“session”paragraph6referto?AworkatMediaLab.．Thegoodolddaysofparents.．ThepreciousPataranutapormspenthisparents.试卷第8页，共13页Dmostprofoundtalkhis"futureself".．HowdoesPataranutaporncommentontheeffectivenessofthechatbot?AItdepends.Itlastlong.DItbedisastrous.．becarefullychecked.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoChallengesWhenLearningFailureabitterpillBut,oftenthedifficultmoments,theashesofdefeat,thatwefindourgreatestopportunitiesforgrowth.16Thisguidelookintothecommonchallengesassociatedlearningfromfailureandhowovercome●DealingwithemotionalFailureoftencomesaheavyemotionalburden.17Thefirststepovercomingthischallengeacknowledgingtheseemotions.okayfeeldisappointed—butletyourfailuredefineyou.Instead,viewasatemporarysetback,notanendpoint.●MaintainingfocusvisionAfterafailure,easyloseofyouroriginalvision.Butmaintainingyourfocusonyourlong-termgoalscritical.astepback,reflectonyourvision,andrearrangeyourstrategiesneedadjustyourplansortimelines,butletfailureruinyouroverallvision.18●ContinuouslearningskilldevelopmentThegreatestlessonfromfailuretheopportunitylearn.Developamindsetandinvestcontinuouslearning—attendworkshops,readbooks,oronlinecourses.19Analyzeyourmistakes,drawlessons,andusethoseinsightsrefineyourstrategies.eachfailure,you’rebeginningmoreexperience.●Acceptingfailureasapathwaytosuccess20merelyadetourontheroadsuccess.Itoffersanincomparableopportunityforandinnovation.addressingthesechallengesthemindset,can试卷第9页，共13页transformyoursetbacksintocomebacksandtransformfailureintoyourstepping-stonetowardssuccess.ADon’tthatfailureitselfa．Learningfromfailurecanbecomplicated.．strikethisbalance,data-drivendecisions.DFailurenottheoppositeofsuccess—apartof．canadaptchangesandavoidthemistakes.．kickedthisjourneyforareason—holdontothat.Gofstress,andfearcanquicklyleadburnout.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的、B、、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iusedbe20kgoverweightandunfit.Afterstrugglingmyallmylife,Ifinallysawadietitian.Ilost20kgninemonths.self-esteem(自尊)increasedandIhadforlife.LosingtheweightahugedifferenceabilityAt54,Ia14-daytrek(旅行)Nepal.I’doncebeenabigmyselfanddomore.—IleftAustraliaattheof23andreturnuntilIwas31,backpackingandlivingonthesmellofanoilyragforyears.Itfeltlikemytravel.ThatNepaltrekwasthebeginningofforremotelandsandlong-distancewalking.IfitterandIlovedcountries,seeingwideopenspaces,fallingintoatenteverynightandsleeping10hours.ThenonsenseofwaswasnothingexceptputtingonefootfrontoftheotherandAt70,I’mouttherehiking.thepast10yearsIhavedone.TheretheNepal,SouthAmerica,AfricaandMongolia.The,thetheIworkhardatcreatinganinterestingformyself.Icontinuethinkmyself,setthatIcannotimagineIcanmake.．Abudget．A．weight．helpstudydutyD．identityD．concern试卷第10页，共13页．Arelax．protectpushD．expressD．thoughtbackD．travellerD．live．Adroppedoutof．signedupforcutdownondealer．Adreamer．Areconnect．Apassion．consumer．breakwrestlerespecthiking．greedD．talent．Avolunteering．working．Acritical．troublesome．Aleavebehind．thinkaboutD．settlingD．D．outD．finishingD．safeimpressiveupcelebratingplain．Awasting．Atough．Acivilized．A．saving．pleasant．．jobdiversestoryD．populousD．bond．Aamuse．comfortacceptD．challenge第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ZongziatraditionalfoodforcelebratingDuanwufestival.fact,zongziexistedlongbeforeQuItwouldbeaccuratesaythatQumadezongziThistastydish37(consist)ofricedumplingspeanuts,yolksorotherfillingswrappedreedleaves.Zongzi38tastefromoneplaceanotheracrossChina.Therearemainly39(taste)ofzongzi:sweetorButnowadays,36(famous).peopleevenzongzisweetandsavoryfillings.Makingzongzitogetherawonderfulfamilyeventbeforeorduringthefestival.Therearespecificinstructionsproduceeachpiece,fromshapeeachpiece,wrappingeachpyramid-shapeddumplingbyhand.doesalittleeffort41(make)theseChinesestickyricedumplings,buttheresultadelicacy42makesworthyourtime.40addtherice,andZongzihasbecookedforabout3hoursthericeArrangethewrappedzongzithepotawayminimizetheamountofspacebetweenThispreventszongzifromfloatingandricefromescapingduringthe43(boil)process.试卷第页，共页Inthe44(pursue)offastrhythmsduringthewecansurelyre-concentrateourspiritandwashstressthismakingzongzifriendsorfamilyontheweekend?45befunenjoy第四部分写作（共两节；满分40分）第一节（满分15分）．假定你是李华，上周末你们班在当地的助老中心参加了志愿者活动。请你给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：1）你所做的工作；2）你的感想。注意：1）写作词数应为80个左右；2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。DearChris,I’mwritingsharethevoluntaryworkIdidthelocalnursinghouselastweekend.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Hua第二节（满分25分）．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。IwasshywhenIwasthirteen.Iwasalsowhatteacherswouldcalla“goodkid.”IfollowedtherulesandrarelyquestionedButthenoneonesinglerideonaschoolbuschangedallthat.Theschoolbusthatdaywascrowded,hotandThewindowswereallrolledup—theorder—itwassimplyrainingtoohardhavethemdown.classmateswereengaged试卷第12页，共13页heatedconversationsandgames.Thedriverhadshoutedatseveralkidswhohadbeenstandinguptheirseatsandyelling.Isataloneasusual,speakingnoone.andIcarefullywipedasmallcirclethroughthecloudonmywindowsothatIcouldlookoutside.Peopleracedhereandthere,graspingumbrellasorcoveringtheirheadsjackets.Thebusstopped,waitingforanaccidentAsIsatwaitingandwatching,Isawakittyacrossthestreetontheothersideoftheroad.Hewasallwetandseemknowhowoutoftherain.IwantedthebutIknewthebuswouldneverallowthebus.Itwasagainsttherulesevenstandup.IalsothoughtIpointedoutthepitifulcat,theotherkidswouldprobablythinkthatIwasweird(奇怪的),evenweirderthantheyalreadythoughtIwas.Iwantthingsanyworsethantheywere.windowwascloudyagain,andwhenIwipedIcouldseethekittywasstrugglingwhatseemedbeafloodedHewasnowuphisneckcoldbuthislittlefrontpawswereholdingonthebarscoveringthestormdrain(排水沟).Isawabsoluteterrorhisdark,roundeyes.注意：1）续写词数应为150个左右；2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Manythoughtsracedthroughmind.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Everyonestoppedtalkingandlookedatme,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________试卷第13页，共13页1D2C．A“”旅游的内容、时间、费用以及其他附加信息1．推理判断题。根据第一段walkingtouraperfectwaystartyour&anexcellentbasisforourothertours,offeringanexcellentoverviewofthesocanhaveacompleteexperience!(这次徒步旅行是开始您的旅程的完美方式，也是我们其他旅行的良好基础，为您提供城市的绝佳全景，让您有一个完整的爱丁堡体验!)”可知，这个游客可以从爱丁堡旅游中更好地了解这个城市。故选D2Cost£20岁儿童票价为£105岁以下儿童免费。所以，一对夫妇需要支付2x£20=£40，而他们的两个孩子中，8岁的孩子需要支付£10，4岁的孩子免费。因此，他们总共需要支付£40+£10=£50。故选C3“ThesetoursrunalltheyearroundsopleasewearclothingthatappropriatefortheScottishclimateandfootwearthatarecomfortableforatwo-hourwalkingtouronthehistoricstreetsof)”可知，游客被建议穿着适合苏格兰气候的衣服，穿上舒适的鞋子。故选A4D5A．C7．BBending爱好——表演的故事。4．细节理解题。由文章第一段“‘IwasterrifiedbutassoonasweIrealizedthatthiswaswhatIhadbeenlookingshesays.‘Movingmybodyandbeingsurroundedbyallthesewonderfulperformers,Ifeltcompletelyliberated.’(‘’)”可知，Bending认为她的第一场专业演出给了她一种自由的感觉。故选D5．细节理解题。由文章第三段“‘WhenIwas14or15,IplayedthepartofAnitraaschoolproductionandIlovedsays.‘Irememberthejoyofdancing.’(她说：“14或15岁的时Anitra’)”可知，答案第1页，共页青少年时期的一次与表演的邂逅让Bending爱上了表演。故选A6“Now71,Bendinghassincebecomesofondofworkthat2023sheperformedherownone-womanStoryofaRocketScientist,dramatisinghercareeranaudienceof80people.(71Bending从此非常喜欢舞台工作，以至于在202380名观众戏剧性地展示了自己的职业生涯)”Bending自己的经历。故选C7．推理判断题。由文章第一段“At67,BendingperformedherfirstprofessionaltheFebruary2020，Bendinglaunchedintoadanceandtheatrepieceaccompaniedbythoseallagedover60.(67岁时，Bending表演了她的第一场职业演出。2020年2月，Bending在60岁以上老人的陪伴下登台表演了一首舞蹈和戏剧作品)”以及文章内容可知，文章讲述了Bending在老年完成了工作和育儿后，开始追求自己的爱好——表演的故事。所以B项Onenevertoooldstart.(一个人从不会老到不能开始。)语境。故选B8B．C10BC【导语】本文是说明文。描述了一项关于儿童对狗帮助行为的研究，包括研究目的、方法、结果和结论，以及对未来研究的展望。8．细节理解题。根据第一段“Childrenasyoungasyearsoldwentoutoftheirwayhelpdogsandtastytreatsthatwereplacedbeyondtheirreach,despiteneverhavingmettheanimalsbefore,scientistsfound.(科学家们发现，尽管以前从未见过狗狗，但年仅两岁的孩子们还是会不遗余力地帮助它们拿到放在它们够不着的玩具和美味的食物)”要揭示了关于儿童对狗的帮助行为。故选B9．细节理解题。根据第四段thejournalHuman-AnimalInteractions,thescientistsdescribehowtoddlersweretwiceaslikelyhandoverunreachableandtreatswhendogsdisplayedcuriositytowardsThechildrenhelpedhalfofallinstanceswhenwantedtheobjects,butonlyaquarterofcaseswhentheanimalsshowednointerest.()”们更有可能给狗提供它们够不着的东西。故选C答案第2页，共页．词句猜测题。根据划线所在句子“Apparentlyaltruisticacts,suchasleavingfoodoutforanimals,couldhaveunderpinnedpracticesthatledthedomesticationofspeciesfromdogsandcatscows,sheepandhorses.(明显的利他行为，比如为动物留下食物，可能已经underpinned了导致物种驯化的做法，从狗和猫到牛、猪、羊和马)”推知，此处应是“加强了导致物种驯化的做法”underpinned应是“加强”BB．主旨大意题。根据最后一段studiesareneededexamineotherpsychologicalcomponentsofinstrumentalhelping,includingwhatemotionsunderlieamotivationhelpdogs,howcultureshapesthesemotivations,andhowtheseprocesseschangeasachild未来的研究需要检验工具性帮助的其他心理成分，包括儿童帮助狗的动机背后的情感，)”的情感、文化如何塑造这些动机以及这些过程如何随着孩子的成长而改变。故选C．B13C．D．AMIT能（AI）的聊天机器人，这款聊天机器人能够模拟用户的未来自我，并给出观察和智慧。．推理判断题。根据第一段readyaccessamachine,researchersattheMassachusettsInstituteof(MIT)havebuiltanAI-poweredchatbotthatsimulates(模)aolderselfanddishesoutobservationsandwisdom.hasthepotentialsignificantlyimpacthowpeopledecisionstodaytheirfuturewellbeingmind.(麻省理工学院(MIT)定的方式)”“futureself”祉。故选B“Next,theprogramfeedsinformationfromtheanswersintoalanguagemodelthatgeneratesrichsynthetic(合成)memoriesforthesimulatedolderself.Thisensuresthatwhenthechatbotrespondsquestions,drawsonarelevant接下来，答案第3页，共页信息对于生成用户老年版是至关重要的。故选C“Pataranutaporn,whoontheFutureprojectatMediaLab,hashadseveralconversationshis“futureself”,butsaidthemostprofound(深远的)waswhenthechatbotremindedhimthathisparentswouldnotbearoundforsoheshouldspendthemwhilehecould.(Pataranutaporn在麻省理工学院媒体实验室从事“未来你”项目，他已经和“未来的自己”父母不会永远在身边，所以他应该尽可能多地和他们在一起)”“最深刻的”一次与“未来的自己的对话，这次对话给了他一个至今仍然对他有影响力的视角。因此，“session”指的是Pataranutaporn与他的未来的自己”最深刻的对话。故选D““Fromapracticalstandpoint,theeffectivenesslikelydependonhowwellcansimulatemeaningfulandrelevantconversations,”headded.usersperceivethechatbotasgenuineandinsightful,couldsignificantlyinfluencetheirtheinteractionsfeeltheimpactbelimited.”(他补充说：“从实际的角度来看，效果可能取决于它能在多大程度上模拟有意义和相关的对话。”“如果用户认为聊天机器人真诚可能是有限的。”)”可知，Pataranutaporn认为聊天机器人的有效性取决于它模拟有意义和相关对话的能力，即“取决于情况”。故选A．B17G18F．A20D体的建议和方法。．根据前文“FailureabitterpillBut,oftenthedifficultmoments,theashesofdefeat,thatwefindourgreatestopportunitiesforgrowth.(失败是难以下长机会)”以及后文“Thisguidelookintothecommonchallengesassociatedlearningfromfailureandhowovercomethem.(本指南将探讨与从失败中学习有关的常见挑战以及如何克服它们)”败中学习的方法，所以空处应是过渡句，B项“Learningfromfailurecanbecomplicated.(败中学习是很复杂的)”承接上文，并引出下文，符合文意。故选B．根据本段小标题“Dealingemotionalstressandburnout(处理情绪压力和倦怠)”以及前答案第4页，共页“Failureoftencomesaheavyemotionalburden.(失败往往伴随着沉重的情感负担)”可知，G“Feelingsofstress,andfearcanquicklyleadburnout.()”是对前文讲述的情感负担的详细说明，符合此处主题。故选G．设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Afterafailure,easyloseofyouroriginalvision.Butmaintainingyourfocusonyourlong-termgoalscritical.astepback,reflectonyourvision,andrearrangeyourstrategiesneedadjustyourplansortimelines,butletfailureruinyouroverallvision.(体愿景)”以Fkickedthisjourneyforareason—holdontothat.(你开始这段旅程是有原因的——坚持下去)”符合本段主题，是对前文的总结。故选F．根据后文“Analyzeyourmistakes,drawlessons,andusethoseinsightsrefineyourstrategies.eachfailure,you’rebeginningexperience.(分析你的错误，吸取教训，)”Athatfailureitselfa就是一位老师)”符合此处主题，引出下文。故选Amerelyadetourontheroadsuccess.Itoffersanincomparableopportunityforgrowthandinnovation.addressingthesechallengesthemindset,cantransformyoursetbacksintocomebacksandtransformfailureintoyourstepping-stonetowardssuccess.(这只不过是成功路上的一个弯路。它为增长和创新提供了无功的垫脚石)”可知，本段讲述了失败是通往成功的垫脚石，所以D项“Failurenottheoppositeofsuccess—apartofit.(失败不是成功的对立面——它是成功的一部分)”符合本段主题，为本段中心句。故选DB．BA31DC32AB．BD．AA35D27A28C29D答案第5页，共页化和个人成长，以及对此的深刻体会和思考。A.budget预算；weight重量；studyD.identityusedbe20kgoverweightandunfit.”可知，作者超重，所以是和他的体重抗争。故选BA.help帮助；duty职责；D.concern关心。根据前文“Ilost20kgninemonths”可知，作者减掉了20公斤，根据实际，减肥能让人更有精力。故选A．考查动词词义辨析。句意：减肥让我的能力发生了巨大的变化，促使我做更多的事情。A.relax放松；protect保护；push促使；D.express“Losingtheweightahugedifferencemyability”促使他做更多的事情，符合语境。故选C14天的尼泊尔徒步旅行。A.droppedoutof退出；signedupfor报名参加；cutdownon削减；D.thoughtback回想起。根据后文“ThatNepaltrekwasthebeginningofmy7forremotelandsandlong-distancewalking.”B．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我曾经是个大旅行家——我23岁离开澳大利亚，直到31A.dreamer梦想家；consumer消费者；dealer经销商；D.traveller“IleftAustraliaattheof23andreturnuntilIwas31,backpackingandlivingonthesmellofanoilyragforyears.”23岁到31岁一直在做背包旅行，所以是个大旅行家。故选DA.reconnect重新连接；break打破；wrestleD.live“IleftAustraliaattheof23andreturnuntilIwas31”以及“At54,I4a14-daytrek(旅行)Nepal.”可知，作者的旅行到31岁停止了，当他54时报名了14天的尼泊尔徒步旅行，所以是重新开始旅行了。故选AA.passion激情；greed贪婪；respect尊重；D.talent天赋。根据后文“Iloved8countries,seeingwideopenspaces,fallingintoatenteverynightandsleeping10hours.”者对偏远地区和长途徒步的热情。故选A答案第6页，共页帐篷里睡10A.volunteeringworkinghikingD.settling“ThatNepaltrekwasthebeginningofmy7forremotelandsandlong-distancewalking.”可知，作者爱上了在偏远的国家徒步旅行。故选C．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我生活中的琐事都被遗忘了。A.critical关键的；troublesomeimpressiveD.“Therewasnothing10exceptputtingonefootfrontoftheotherandthe可知，作者除了庆祝这一天外，没什么可以考虑的，所以是生活中的琐事都被遗忘了。故选DA.leavebehindthinkaboutupD.out“Thenonsenseofmywas所以是没有什么可考虑的。故选B9可考虑的。A.wasting浪费；saving节省；celebrating庆祝；D.finishing完成。根据前“puttingonefootfrontoftheother”可知，作者在偏远的国家徒步旅行，躺在帐篷里结束这一天外，就没有什么可考虑的。故选D．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在过去的10年里，我去过一些艰苦的地方：尼泊尔、南A.toughpleasantplainD.safe据前文“Iloved8remotecountries”这些地方都是艰苦的地方。故选A．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：越偏远，越难，越好。A.civilized文明的；遥远的；diverse多样的；D.populous“Iloved8remotecountries”B．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我努力为自己创造一个有趣的生活。A.生活；job工story故事；D.bondmore13,thethe可知，作者努力为自己创造一个有趣的生活。故选A目标。A.amuse娱乐；comfort安慰；accept接受；D.challengeset答案第7页，共页thatIcannotimagineIcanmake.”自己。故选D．morefamous．that##which37consists43boiling3839tastes45．how4144pursuit化活动。sth.adj.意为使某物怎么样”famous。Thistastydish是单数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填consists。．考查介词。句意：粽子在中国的味道因地而异。in…表示“在某方面不同”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用介词in。故填in。