2025届上海闵行区高三英语二模试题及答案

2025年上海市闵行区二模英语试卷（考试时间105分钟，试卷满分115I.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitstheblank.Interestedinwriting,photographyorcurrentevents?Lookingforanexperience(1)______(inspire)yourcollegeessays?Orhopingtoexploreaworld-classcitywithnewfriendsthissummer?(2)______so,checkouttheBostonUniversitySummerJournalismAcademy.It'saprogramcreatedandrunbyBostonUniversity,(3)______highschoolstudents:▪Learnfromaward-winning,workingjournalists—includingtwowho(4)______(share)PulitzerPrizesfortheirreporting.▪ReportonactualeventsaroundBostonoryourhometown.▪PlacestorieswithBoston'sDailyFreePress,oneofthetopcollegenewspapers.▪Improvetheirwriting,interviewing,andresearchskills—applicabletoanymajorandcareer.Theacademyofferstwooptions:(5)______on-campus,residentialprogramoverthreeweeksforstudentswithjournalismexperience,andalearn-from-homeprogramovertwoweeksforallexperiencelevels.Forstudents(6)______(draw)tophotography,weofferaspecialphotojournalismtrackforboth.Everyoption(7)______(organize)inthreesections:▪Classroomstartseachdaywithareviewofjournalismfundamentalsinacollegiateformat.Auniversity-leveljournalismtextbookprovidesdailyreadingsandwritingassignments.▪Newsroomprovidestimeforstudentstoapply(8)______theylearnintheclassroomtohands-onjournalismassignments.Overtherestoftheirday,studentsconductinterviewsandgatherinformation.▪GuestTalksofferstudentsadviceandinsight(9)______journalismexpertsintopicssuchasradioreportingandjournalismlearningincollege.SessionsfeatureaGuestTalkduringeachthree-weeksession.Studentsalsovisitcitynewsroomstohearfromfamousreporters.Applicationsfortheon-campussessionfromJune24toJuly12aredue:April19.Applicationsforlearn-at-homesessions(10)______(start)fromJune17,July1,andJuly15aredue:May10.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.switchB.costC.deadliestD.floodingE.itemsF.shippingG.translatesH.packedI.sticksJ.lightweightK.recyclePlasticiseverywhere,butit'snotgreatforourhealthortheplanet.Inthepast,atypicalboxfromAmazon—anonlineshoppingplatform—arrived(11)______withplasticairpillows(枕头)madefromflexibleplasticfilm.Whenplasticfilmisthrownaway,itoftenendsupinlandfillsorintheenvironment,includingtheoceans,whereitcaninjureandkillmarinelife.Instudiesof80marinespeciesthatdiedafterswallowingavarietyofplasticrubbish,flexibleplasticprovedtobethe(12)______.NowAmazonannouncedthatbyOctober2024,ithadremovedallplasticairpillowsfromitsdeliverypackaging.“Wewanttomakesurethefinalpackageiseasyto(13)______athome,”saysPatLindner,Amazon'svicepresidentofsustainablepackaging.Tomakethe(14)______,thecompanyhadtomakesurethatareplacementwouldworkaswellastheplasticversion.Itactuallyturnedouttoperformbetter.Thenumberofpackagesthatgetdamagedinshipmentwasreduced.Amazonworkedwithsupplierstofinda(15)______,100%recycledpaperthat'seasiertowraparoundanobjecttoprotectit.Thepaperalsotakesuplessspace,sonowmore(16)______fitinasmallerbox.That(17)______tousinglessgasorelectricity,inthecaseofthecompany'selectricvanstomakeadelivery.It'sawelcomechangefollowingyearsofpressurefromenvironmentalgroupstostopplasticpollution(18)______intooceans.“Thefactthattheworld'slargestecommercecompanyhasmadeplasticairpillowsathingofhistorygloballyisfantasticnewsfortheworld'soceans,”thenonprofitOceanasaidinastatementinresponsetoAmazon'sannouncement.Plasticischeap,butthenewsystemsavesthecompanymoneysincethere'slessriskthatsomethingwillbreakduring(19)______andneedreplacement,Lindnersays.“Andsothefactthatwecandeliverpackagesmoresafelyandwithlessdamageisa(20)______savingto”II.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Languageallowsustodescribeactions,qualities,andrelationshipsinbothrealandimaginedexperiences.Akeyquestioninlinguistics(语言学)ishowlanguagesdeveloped.Recentresearchsuggeststhaticonicity—theconnectionbetweenformandmeaning—mayhaveplayedacrucialroleinthe___21___.Peoplecan'tovercomelanguagebarriersandunderstandeachotherwithouticonicity.Weoftenuseourhandsandbodies,___22___,toactoutmeanings,showingthesizesandshapesofobjects.Thekeytoformingnewsymbolsistheuseoficonicity.Notlimitedto___23___,iconicityappearsinvisualcommunicationtoo.Trafficsigns,foodpackaging,andmapsalluseiconicitytomakeinformationeasytounderstand,regardlessofthe___24___.Iconicityalsoexistsin___25___.Toexplorethis,researchersorganizedacontestwhereparticipantsrecordedsoundstoexpressdifferentmeanings.Thesesoundscouldnotcontainactualwordsor___26___expressionslikeBOOM”foranexplosion.Listenersthentriedtomatchthesoundstoasetofwrittenoptions,andthecontestantwhosesoundsweremostaccurately___27___wonthecontest.Theresultsweresurprising—listenerssuccessfullyidentifiedtheintended___28___ofthesounds.Yet,allthecontestantsandlistenerswereEnglishspeakers.Thus,itwaspossiblethatlisteners'successreliedon___29___culturalknowledge.Totestifthisphenomenonexistedacross___30___,researchersconductedabroaderInternetsurvey,translatingtheexperimentinto25languages.Participantsfromdifferentlinguisticbackgroundslistenedtothesoundsand___31___theirmeaningsfromsixwrittenoptions.Thefindingsshowed___32___accuracylevelsacrossdifferentlanguagegroups.Englishspeakershadthehighestaccuracyrateat74%,whilePortuguesespeakersscored34%.Thoughfarfromperfect,theseresultsweremuchhigherthantheexpectedchancerateof8%.Thesestudiesshowthatourcapacityforiconiccommunicationhasplayedafundamentalroleinlanguage___33___.Iconicityenablesindividualstoexpressmeaningsinwaysthatarenot___34___dependentonspecificlinguisticknowledge.Withoutthis___35___,languagemayneverhavedevelopedintothecomplexsystemwehavetoday.21.A.description22.A.asaresult23.A.objectsB.styleC.interactionC.forexampleC.understandingC.hintsD.processB.inparticularB.formationB.evidenceB.soundsD.inotherwordsD.gesturingD.explanationD.competitionsD.shockingD.recordedD.speed24.A.language25.A.cultures26.A.sound-imitating27.A.heardC.labsB.carefully-chosenB.repeatedB.purposesB.sharedC.imaginaryC.interpretedC.volume28.A.meanings29.A.extensive30.A.cultures31.A.addedC.traditionalC.careersD.classicB.generationsB.clarifiedB.varyingD.situationsD.guessedC.acquiredC.satisfactoryC.evolutionC.vividly32.A.similarD.experimentalD.diversityD.entirely33.A.abilityB.acquisitionB.routinely34.A.skillfully35.A.knowledgeB.abilityC.awarenessD.findingSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Therockdove,abirdnativetoEuropeandWesternAsia,istheancestorofthecommonurbanpigeon.SettlersintroducedrockdovestoNorthAmericainthe1600sformeatand,overtime,thesebirdsescapeddomesticationandgrewwellinurbanareas.Citieshavealottoofferpigeons,astallbuildingsandwindowshelvescanserveasnestingsitesforrockdoves.Urbanresidentsprovideplentyoffoodforpigeonseitherintentionallybyfeedingpigeonsbirdseedorbreadorunintentionallybyleavingoutfoodwaste.Inadditiontohuman-sourcedfood,pigeonshaveabroaddiet,includingseeds,berries,andinsects.Pigeonenthusiastsalsosetdomesticatedbirdsfreeintotheurbanenvironment,wheretheylaterbringforthyoung.Pigeons'abilitytoreproduceyear-roundleadstohighlynumerouspigeonsinthecity,whichisanissueforurbanwildlifemanagers.Althoughpigeonsaresociallypaired,theyliveingroupsofupto500birdsandthispersistentcongregationcancauseconsiderableconflictswithpeople.Toeaseconflictswithpigeons,managershaveusedseveralmethodstopreventpigeonpresenceorreducepigeonnumbers.Managershaveuseddeadlytoolssuchaspoisons.However,thisapproachtypicallydoesn'thavesustainedresultsbecausetheremainingpigeonsmultiplyrapidly.Further,manypoisonsarenotspecies-specificandmayharmotherurbanbirds.Otherprogramsaimedatreducingnestsuccessinvolveremovingtheeggsandreplacingthemwithfakeeggs.Theyoftenfailbecauseitcanbedifficulttoaccessnestsorattractpigeonstonesthouses.Preventingconflictsultimatelyreliesonremovingfoodsourcesforurbanpigeons.Forexample,manyurbanresidentsfeedpigeonsinparks.Thiscouldbelimitedthroughpubliceducationcampaignsorbycarryingoutfeedingregulations.36.WhichofthefollowingisNOTareasonforthesurvivalofpigeonsinurbanareas?A.Pigeon-friendlyclimate.C.Richfoodsupply.B.Availabilityofhabitats.D.Freeingdomesticatedpigeons.37.Theword“congregation”(paragraph3)isclosestinmeaningto_______.A.introductionB.gatheringC.reproductionD.nesting38.Fromthesentence“thisapproachtypically...”inthelastparagraph,wecaninferthattheapproachA.needstobeusedrepeatedly.B.isnoteffectiveinthelongrunC.reducespigeonnumbersgreatlyD.workswhenpigeonsmultiply39.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat_______.A.urbanpigeonstendtoactindependentlyB.itisdifficultforpigeonstoadapttocitiesC.stoppingfeedingpigeonsiskeytocontrollingtheirnumbersD.alternativemethodstoreducepigeonnumbersarebeingexplored(B)HowtoStreamlineYourProjectManagementProcessEffectiveprojectmanagementisthecornerstoneofanysuccessfulattempt.Onewaytoensuresuccessisstreamliningyourprojectmanagementprocess.Here'sastep-by-stepguidetomakinganyprojectrunsmoothly.Step1:DefineGoalsandObjectivesStartwithaclearunderstandingofyourgoalsandobjectives.Awell-definedpurposehelpskeeptheteamfocused.Step2:DevelopaComprehensiveProjectPlanIncludethekeycomponents:adetailedtimeline,taskbreakdown,resourcedistribution,budgetconsideration,andriskassessment.Step3:TrackProgressAndMilestonesUsereliabledigitaltoolstojudgewhetheryouareontrackornot.Step4:______Assessindividualstrengthsandassigntasksaccordingly.It'salsonecessarytousetimeandfundswisely,aswellasadoptsuitabletoolstoautomatetasks.Step5:EnsureEffectiveCommunicationsTeammembersshouldcommunicateclearlyinacentralizedprojectmanagementplatformwithmessagingandcommentingfeatures.Step6:ClosetheProjectCollectfeedbackfromparticipants,documentkeylessonslearned,andstoreallproject-relateddocuments.It'salsoimportanttorecognizeteammembersfortheirefforts.Thestreamlinedprojectmanagementprocesscanbeappliedtovarioustypesofprojects,whetheryouarelaunchinganewbusinessinitiative,managingalarge-scaleeventororganizingacommunityserviceproject.40.Thispassageisintendedforprojectmanagers______.A.aimingtoimprovetheimpactoftheirprojectsB.interestedinstreamliningtheirmanagementmeetingsC.seekingtoenrichtheirmanagementknowledgeandskillsD.lookingtomaketheirprojectmanagementefficient41.WhichofthefollowingbestfitstheblankinStep4?A.ManageYourResourcesB.AutomateAssignmentsD.IdentifyLabour-savingModeC.DetermineResponsibilityRange42.Davidisorganizingacharityfundraiser.Arrangethefollowingquestionsheneedstoconsiderinthecorrectorderbasedontheprojectmanagementsteps.(1)Arekeyparticipantshappywitheverything?(2)HowmuchmoneyintotalcanIexpecttoraise?(3)Whichappcanbeusedtorecordtheamountofmoneycollectedatdifferenttimes?(4)Isemailaneffectivechannelforteammemberstostatetheirpoints?(5)Whattasksareyourteammembersbestat?(6)Whatarethespecifictasksinvolvedinorganizingthefundraiser?A.(2)(3)(5)(4)(6)(1)C.(2)(6)(3)(5)(4)(1)B.(6)(3)(2)(1)(4)(5)D.(6)(5)(1)(2)(3)(4)(C)Foryears,peoplehavewonderedwhethercreativityisarare,inborngiftoraskillthatanyonecandevelop.Whilesomeindividualsappearnaturallygiftedinartisticorintellectualpursuits,recentstudieschallengethelong-heldbeliefthatcreativityisauniquegiftpossessedbyaselectfew.Instead,thesestudiessuggestthatcreativityisnotamysteriousquality,butaskillthatcanbedevelopedthroughpurposefulpractice,persistence,andtherightmindset.Takeayoungmusicianwithmoderatetalent.Studieshaveshownthatexpertmusiciansengageinapracticemethodknownas“deeppractice,”whichinvolvesbreakingcomplexpiecesintosmallerparts,repeatingchallengingsections,andidentifyingmistakeswithfocusedattention.Thismethodforcesthebraintoformnewbrainconnections,enhancingbothtechnicalabilityandoriginality.Incontrast,merelyplayingapiecerepeatedlywithoutanalyzingmistakesdoeslittletoencouragecreativity.Beyondpractice,creativitygrowsinenvironmentsthatencourageexplorationandproblem-solving.Manybreakthroughsinmusic,science,andartdonotemergefromsuddeninspirationbutratherfromsustainedeffortandexperimentation.Acomposermightspendweekstestingdifferentchord(和弦)progressionsbeforediscoveringauniquecombination.Similarly,ascientistmayconductnumerousfailedexperimentsbeforeuncoveringagroundbreakingsolution.ThomasEdison,forexample,famouslysaidthathissuccesswasbuilton“1,000waysthatwon'twork”beforeinventingthelight-bulb(灯泡).Psychologistshavefoundthatindividualswhoadopta“growthmindset”—thebeliefthatabilitiescanbeimprovedthrougheffort—aremorelikelytoachievecreativesuccess.Ratherthanviewingfailureasasignofpersonallimitation,theytreatitasanopportunitytoimprovetheirskills.Thisperspectiveallowsthemtopushpastfrustrationandcontinueexperimentinguntiltheyreachabreakthrough.Incontrast,thosewithafixedmindset”tendtobelievethatcreativityisaninbornquality,leadingthemtogiveupmoreeasilywhenfacedwithchallenges.Whilenaturaltalentmaygiveaninitialadvantage,itisnotthedeterminingfactorinlong-termsuccess.Thebrain'sadaptabilityallowsanyonetodevelopcreativitypotentialthroughcontinuouspracticeandlearning.43.Inparagraph1,theauthor'smainargumentisintroducedby_____.A.presentingthelong-heldbeliefB.providingexamplesofcreativeindividualsC.contrastingtwoopposingviewsD.sharingpersonalexperiences44.TheroleoftheexampleofThomasEdisoninparagraph3is_____.A.toillustratethatfailurecanleadtosuccessB.toshowthatperseveranceisessentialforcreativityC.toemphasizethatsuccessdependsontheinitialtalentD.toarguethatfailureisthemainsourceofcreativity45.Accordingtothepassage,howdoesa“growthmindset”helpcreativity?A.Ithelpspeoplepersistthroughdifficultiesandimprove.B.Itallowsindividualstobelievetheyarenaturallygifted.C.Itencouragespeopletomakefulluseofeveryopportunity.D.Itensuresthatalleffortsleadtoimmediatesuccess.46.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Hownaturaltalentdeterminescreativity.B.Theroleofdeeppracticeincreativesuccess.C.Theconnectionbetweenfailureandinspiration.D.Thedevelopmentofcreativityasaskill.SectionCDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesgivenbelow.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.Buthiswritingsofferadifferentperspective.B.Verne'sinfluenceextendsfarbeyondliterature.C.Thismethodrequiredextraordinarytalentsandscientificinsights.D.Hisvisionsweregroundedinscienceandhisownthoroughresearch.E.Histalesmayreducethepopularityofsupernaturalstoriestosomeextent.F.Healsoimaginedtechnologicaladvancementslongbeforetheybecamereality.TheManWhoInventedtheFutureKnownasthefatherofsciencefiction,JulesVerne'sworkstransportedreadersonexcitingadventuresacrosstheEarthandbeyond.Inhisimaginativenovels,Vernepennedmorethanadventurestories.(47)__________InIntheYear2889,Vernedescribedaworldwithglobalmultimediacommunication.Thecharacterisabletocommunicatewithhiswifeonanothercontinent,usingthe“phonotelephote”—adevicecapableofsendingsoundandimagesoverlongdistances.InFromtheEarthtotheMoon,Verneevenenvisionedalunarvoyagedecadesbeforethefirstactualmoonlanding.Unlikefantasiesorsupernaturaltales,Verne'sworksfocusedonimaginingthefuture.(48)__________Thisapproachlaidthefoundationforthehardsciencefiction”ofthe20thcentury,whichemphasizedtheimportanceofscientificaccuracy.Vernewasanadvocateofscientificprogressandinnovation.(49)__________Manyofhisstoriesfeaturebrilliantyetmadscientists.Forexample,characterslikeCaptainNemoinTwentyThousandLeaguesUndertheSeausetheirinventionsfordestructivepurposes,suggestingthatitishumannature,notthetechnologyitself,thatdetermineswhetheritbecomesaforceforgoodorharm.(50)__________Heshapesthewaygenerationsthinkabouttechnologyandthehumanmind'spotential.ThatisthegreatestachievementofVerne'stimelessworks.III.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Crown(树冠)ShynessDoyouloveforestbathingortakingwalksintheforests?Thenonceinawhile,you'vewitnessedasomewhatappealingphenomenoninwhichtreecrownsintheforestseemtodeliberatelykeeptothemselvesandavoidtouchingeachother.Strangeasthismayseem,itis,infact,anaturalphenomenonandhasaname:crownshyness.Therearemanytheoriesbehindthisfascinatingphenomenon,butthemostconvincingonerelatestocompetitionanddefense.Togrowbetter,treesdependonvitalelementssuchassunlight,water,andsoilnutrients.Bymaintaininggapsbetweentheircrowns,theycanmaximizetheirintakeofthesenecessities,ensuringhealthygrowthandabalancedecosystem.Additionally,crownshynessactsasaprotectivebarrieragainstinsectsanddiseases.Thephysicalseparationbetweentreetopsreducesthespreadofharmfulorganismsandlowerstheriskofwidespreadinfectionthatcouldthreatenlargeareasoftheforest.Thisphenomenon,however,isnotuniformacrossalltrees.Theextentandintensityofcrownshynesscanvary,withsomegapssmallandotherseparationsobvious.Somepeoplemightthinkthisnaturalphenomenonismerelyarandomoccurrencewithnorealpurpose,butthisisnotthecase.Crownshynessallowseachtreetoaccessenoughsunlightbypreventingtheoverlapofbranches.Itensuresthatsunlightcanreachthelowerbranchesandleaves,promotingtheirgrowthandenablingefficientenergyproduction.Moreover,crownshynessaidsintheefficientdistributionofrainfall.Whenrainfallsthroughthetreetops,thegapsbetweentreecrownsactaschannels,guidingwatertotheforestfloor.Itals