2024年考研英语(一)真题(试卷 答案)

2024年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)automaticdoorsareessenti haveextendedwithinourtechnologicallyadvancedworld.Particularly7inbusylocationemergency,thedoors8crowdmanagementbyreducingtheobstaclespu 9makingaccessbothinandoutofbuildingseasierforpeople,doorsopenhelpsreducethetotalarea_10_binsidewithouthavingto 9-amotionsensoredd2.[A]revealing4.[A]previouslyReadthefollowingfourtexts.ANearly2000yearsago,astheRomansbegantopulltonsofnails,nearlyamillionofthethings.Thenailhoardwasdiscoveredin1960inafour-metbytwometresofgravel.WhyhadtheRomansburiedamillionnatheydidn'twantthelocalCaledoniannailssodeepthattheywouldnotbediscoveredforalmosttwomLatercivilisationswoRomaAgrawalexplainsinhernewdelightfulbookNutsandBolts,early17burndowntheirhomesiftheywereplanningtorelocate.Thiswasa第3页共15页couldbereusedaftersiftingtheashes.Theideathatonemightburndownanentireunderlineshowscarce,costlyandvaluablethesimple-seemingtechnologywas.Thepriceofnailsfellby90%betweenthelate170aresearchpaper.AccordingtoSichel,althoughthefallicheaperenergy,mostofNailsthemselveshavechangedoquestionofnailsmakesperfectsense.Imakenoapologyforbeafterall.Afterwritingtwobooksabouttheenchantinglysophisticatedtechnologiesthatgetallthehype,it'sthecheaptechnTheGutenbergprintingpresstransformedcivilisationnotbychangingthenatureofwritingbutbychangingitscost-anditwouldhaveachievedlittlewithoutaparallelcollapseintoften-overlookedtechnologycalledpaper.Solarpanelshadfewnicheusesuntiltheybecamecheap;nowth21.TheRomansburiedthenailsprobablyforthesakeof22.Theexampleofearly17thce[A]highlightthethriftiness[B]illustratethehighstatusofblacksmithsinthatperiod[C]contrasttheattitude[D]showthepreciousnessofnail-making23.Whatplayedthemajorroleinloweringthepriceofnailsafterthelate170第4页共15页[B]Wideruseofnewenergi25.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarisesthelasttwoparagraphs?[C]Technologydefinespeople'sunderresearchershavesuggested.TheideaisbasedonstudiesofcommunitiessuchastheKungofBochildiscaredforbymanyAccordingtoDrNikhilChaudhary,anevolutionaryaDrAnnieSwanepoel,achildpsychiatrist,believesthattherearewaystoincorpGermany,oneschemehaspairedanoldpeople'shomewithanursery.Theresidenanarrangementakintoalloparenting.Anothermeasurecouldbeencouragingfrindifferentschoolyearstomirrortheunsupervisedmixed-ageplaygroupsinhunter-gatherercommunities.InapaperpublishedintheJournalofChildnuclearfamilywasarecentinventionwhichfamilybrokewithevolutionaryhistory.“intensivemotheringnarrative”,whichsuggeststhatmothersshouldmanagechildcabeenharmful."SuchnarrativescanleadtomaternalexhaustionandhavedangerousconsequenceBycontrast,inhunter-gatherersocietiesadultsotherthantheparentscanprovidealm第5页共15页OnepreviousstudylookedattheEfépeopleoftheDemocChaudharysaidthatparentsnowhadlesschildcofhumans'evolutionaryhistory,butintroducinghavemorethantencaregivers-thiscontrastsstarklytonuofonecarertofourchildrenagedtwotothWhilehunter-gathererchildrenlearnattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorder.ChaudharysaidthatBritainshouldehelpingtheirparents"mightalsoenhance26.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraph,alloparentingreferstothepracticeof[D]thedifferencesbetweenw28.AccordingtoParagraph4,the“intensiv29.Accordingtoparag30.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitle?[D]TracingthehistoryofparentingRutkowskiisaPolishdigitalartistwhousesclassiandMagic:TheGathering.Andhe'sbecomeasuddenhitinthenewworldoftext-to-imageAIgenerHisdistinctivestyleisnowoneofthemostcommonlyusedpromptsinthenewopeStableDiffusion,whichwaslaunchedlatelastmodels,allowsanyonetocreateimpressiveimagesbasedontextprompts.ForexamplthatlooksnotamillionmilesawayfromworkButtheseopen-sourceprogramsarebuiltbyscrapingimagesfromtheInternet,ofteproperattributiontoartists.Asaresult,theyareraisingRutkowskihavehadenoDiffusion,Rutkowski'snamehasbeenusedasapromptaround9artists,suchasMichelangelo,PabloPicasso,andLeonardRutkowski'snamealsofeaturesasapromptthousandsoftimesintheDiscordofanothertext-to-imagegenerator,Midjourney.Rutkowskiwasinitiallysurprisedbutthoughtitmightbeagoodwaytoreachnetriedsearchingforhisnametoseeifapiecehehadworkedonhadbeenpublished.Theonlinesearchworkthathadhisnameattachedtoitbutwasn'this."It'sbeenjustamonth.Whataboutinayear?Iprobablywon'tbThegroupisinitsearlydaysofmobiliz31.WhatcanbelearnedaboutRutkowskifromthefirsttwop[B]HeispopularwiththeusersofanAIartgenerato[C]makeunauthorizeduseoThemiracleoftheChesapeakeBayliesnotinitsdepths,butinthecomplexityofitsnaturinteractionoffreshandsalinewaterandthemixoflandandwaspecieswhilestoringfloodwatersAllthiswasputatgreatrisklatelprovidestheEPAfarlessauthorwetlandsprotectedbytheEPAunderitCleanWaterActauthoritymusthavea“bodiesofwater.ThisnarrowingoftheregulatoryscopewasavictoryfoInMaryland,thegoodnewthat'saveryshortsightedview,particularlywhenitcomestotheChesamilewatershedthatextendstoVirginia,Pennsylvania,NewYork,WestVirginia,theDistDelaware.WillthosejurisdictionsextendthesamepChesapeakeBayprogramhaslongbeencrucialasthemeanstotrainterestsinneighboringstates.PebluecrabharvestinMarylandwhentheydecidewhethertospreadanimalwasteontheirnearbycreekscanhaveenormousimpacChesapeakeBaymodel.It'sbeengonesincethe1980sbutperhapsaviinDorchesterCountywhereAmericanbaldeagleacrossthembutteamingwithaquaticlife.It'sw第9页共15页38.Howdoestheauthorfeelabou39.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheEPA'sinvolvement[A]Ithasrestoredthebalanceamongneighboringjurisdictions.[B]Ithastriggeredaradical[D]Ithasensuredthecoordinationofpr[D]improvethewellbe第10页共15页ReadthefollowingcommentsonareportaboutAmericanmusuemsreturningaandalistofstatementssummarizingthecomments.Choosetname(41-45).TherearetwSimply,therearepeopleinNihistoryandculturerepresentedbytheBeninBheritageandhistoryandasasourceofnationalpride.Thereisnogoodreasonthatthestheordinaryreachoftheeducationalobjectivesorinspirationofthegenerationstowhichtheywereleft.TheysenopurposeinamuseumintheUnitedSworksofartproducedforsalewhichcanbepassedfromhandtohandandplacetoplacebypurchase.Weknowveryexactreproductionsofartworkcgovernmentsmightexploresomerolefortheuseofnearlyexactreprrelatingtoreturningworksofartandantiquities.Thecontextofanyexhibitismoreimportanttomeththeobjectbeingdisplayedis2,000yearsmonetaryvalueoftheobjectsondisplayisadistantsecondplacinspiredmetolearnmoreabouttheculturethatitrepresented.Artifactsinmuseumshavethperhapssparkthatneedtolearnandunderstandthenatureoftheircreators.Havingsaidthat,Idofpurchased,orobtainedbytreaty.Stealingartifactsfromotherpeoples'culphysicalobjects,butthedignityandspAncientartthatisdisplayedinforeigncountriesbforeigncountrieshavenorighcountrydiscussthetermsoftlossofRembrandt,Vermeer,Manet,andothermasterpieces.NotChangeagitatorsareattackingpubliclydisplayedworksinEurTothoseofyouinthecommentssectionwhoarehavingstrongfeelingsacitiesintheUSandBritainandreturnedtotheirCountriesoforigin,IwouldaskyAmericanshavemoreofarighttoeasilyaccesstheBeninBronzesthanthepeopleofNigeria?Whyarepeoplewholivewithinaday'sdriveofLondonentitledtogoandseetheElginMarbleswhenevertheywant,bubeingpreservedanddisplayedbytheircountriesoforigin?Ifyourconclusionpreservetheseartifacts,tA.ItisclearthatcountriesoforiginhaveneverbeenB.ItisaflawedlineofreasoningtoargueagainstreturningartifactstotheircountriesofoC.MuseumvisitorcanstilllD.Reproductions,evenifperfectlymade,cannottaketheplaceoftheauthenticoE.TherealvalueofartifactscanonlyberecognizedintheircountriesoforiginratherthananywhereeF.WaystogetartifactsfroG.ConcernoversecurityisnoexcuseforrefusingtoreturnaReadthefollowingtextcaref“Elephantsneverforget”—orsotheysay—andthatpieceoffolkloreseemstcountries(46)Theysometimestravewhereotherelephantsare—evenwhenthetheyhave“remarkablespatialacuity”,whenfindingtheidirection,ononeoccasionfromadistanceofroughlythirtymiles.Wha第12页共15页thenearestwaterhole.(47)Theresearchersareconvincedthattheelephantsalwaysknowpreciselywheretinrelationtoalltheresourcestheyneed,andcanthereforetakeshortcuts,aAlthoughthecuesusedbyAfricanelephantsOnepossibilitywasthattheymerelyuseresultinalotofwastedtimeandenergy,notleastbecausetheireyesigEachplantortreehasitsownparticularodorsignature.Wherbivores—tothebesfreely.Theythensetupa“foodstation”experimentsmell.(50)Theexperimentshowedthatelephantsmaywellusesmelltoideneat,andsecondlytoassessthequalityofthetreeswiththisinformationtolocatetheirpreferredfood.Theirwell-developedhippocampalstructuresmayenableelephants,likeratsandpeoplReadthefollowingemailfromanintWriteanessaybasedonthepictureandthechartbelowWriteyouranswerin160-200wordsontheANS2020年2021年2022年第14页共15页2024年考研英语(一)真题答案Sect