浙江省杭州市萧山城区八校联考2024年中考英语一模试卷（含答案）

第第页浙江省杭州市萧山城区八校联考2024年中考英语一模试卷一、第二部分阅读理解，第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项（共15题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项。Presentation(展示)skillsareimportantatschoolandinotherareasoflife.Somepeopledon'tlikegivingpresentationsbecausetheydon'tknowwhattosayorbecausetheygetnervousaboutpublicspeaking.Here'ssomeadvicetohelpyoumakepresentationseasierandmoreenjoyable.①GetorganisedThebestpresentationsarewellplannedandclearlyorganized.Thinkabouttopics(话题)andchooseaproperone.Inonetopic,threeorfourmainideaswillbefine.Thebeginningofyourpresentationshouldbeinteresting.Forexample,youcantellashort,funnystorytomakepeoplelaugh.UsephotosorvideosTrytousephotosorvideos.Thesethingsmakeyourperformancemoreexcitingandhelpyourememberwhatyou'regoingtosay.However,youshouldn'tusetoomany.The"star"ofyourpresentationshouldbeyou,notyourphotosorvideos.②③PracticebeforeyourperformanceYouneedtopracticemanytimesbeforethe"bigday".Practicesayinganyunusualwords.Thenwritethemainideasonsmallcardstohelpyouremember.Practiceinfrontofamirrorandtimeyourpresentation.Finally,youcanrecordyourperformanceoraskafriendtowatchyouandthenmakesuggestionsforimprovements.Connectwithyouraudience(观众)Alwayslookattheaudiencewhenyouspeak.Standupstraight,butdon'tstandstillormovearoundmuch.Finally,besuretothankyouraudiencewhenyoufinishspeaking.It'sasimplebutgoodwaytoendanypresentation.④1．Howcanyouinterestyourlistenersatthebeginning?A．Bylistingyourideas. B．Bytellingafunnystory.C．Bystandingupstraight. D．Bysayingsimplewords.2．Whichisthe"bigday"accordingtothetext?A．Thedayyoupreparevideos.B．Thedayyougetsomeadvice.C．Thedayyouvisityourfriends.D．Thedayyoumakeapresentation.3．Whatisthegoodwaytoendyourpresentation?A．Torepeattopics. B．Toshowthanks.C．Tomakesuggestions. D．Tosharemainideas.4．Whichquestioncouldbesthelpusfindoutthewriter'spurpose?A．Didthewritertrytoteachusskills?B．Didthewriterhelpusunderstandideas?C．Didthewriterinviteustoattendacourse?D．Didthewriteraskustobepoliteinpublic?阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项。①Therearelotsofthingsthatcausestress(压力)inourlives,suchasschoolproblems,argumentswithfriendsandsometimesbadfeelingsaboutourselves.Weallexperiencestressattimes,butit'simportanttomanageitproperlyandreduce(减少)itsinfluence.Herearesomehelpfultipsfordealingwithstress.②Sometimeswefeelstressedwithoutunderstandingthereason.Sowheneveryou'restressed,youshouldstopandthink.Whatisreallyhappening?Howcanyouimprovethesituation?Trykeepingadiaryaboutyourproblemsandthepossiblecauses.③DoyoualwayswaituntilSundayeveningtodohomework?Thisbadhabitcancause"last-minute"stress,aswellaspoorgrades.Toavoidthat,timemanagementisgreatlyneeded.Startyourstudiesandotheractivitieswithacalendar.Youcanalsodividebigprojectsintosmallertasks.Inthisway,you'llalwaysknowhowmuchtimeyoureallyhave.④Besides,healthyhabitsareveryimportantforreducingstress.Besuretoeathealthymealsandgetatleasteighthoursofsleep.Avoidcheckingyourmobilephoneorusingthecomputerbeforebedtime.Itwillkeepyouawake!⑤Whenyou'refeelingstressed,it'shelpfultospeaktosomeonewhounderstandsyoursituation,suchasyourfriendsandfamilies.Sometimesit'senoughtotalkaboutyourproblemsandshareyourfeelings.Othertimes,however,youmightneedadviceorsuggestions.Don'tkeepyourworriestoyourself.⑥Finally,relaxationisimportant.Findsomefreetimeforactivitiesthatyouenjoy,suchassports,hobbiesandmeetingwithfriends.Forexample,seeingafilmorhangingoutafter5days'studycouldbeagoodchoice.Ifyoufindsometimetorelaxandenjoyyourself,you'llfeelrefreshed,havemoreenergy,andreduceyourlevelofstress.5．WhatadvicedoesthewritergivetoreducestressinParagraph3?A．Stopandthink. B．Planyourtime.C．Watchyourhealth. D．Reachoutforhelp.6．HowdoesthewriterdevelopParagraph6?A．Bytellingstories. B．Bylistingnumbers.C．Byaskingquestions. D．Bygivingexamples.7．Whichofthefollowingisthestructureofthepassage?A． B．C． D．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项。IntangibleCulturalHeritage非物质文化遗产WhenXiongChuanfa,34,blowsalifeliketigeroutofsugarinjustminutes,kidslookathiminsurprisethinkingheisamagician.Xionghasbeenblowingsugarfigurines(吹糖人)forovertwentyyears.BlowingsugarfigurinesisaChinesetraditionalfolk(民间)artwithahistoryofover600yearsandhasbeenlistedasastate-levelintangibleculturalheritage.Everymorning,XiongpreparesthesugaranddrivestodifferentmarketsinNanchangtostarthismagicshow.Heheats(加热)thesugar,pullsoffalittletomakeaballandblowsitintodifferentshapes—arabbit,amonkey,andevenBingDwenDwen,themascotoftheBeijing2022WinterOlympics.People,especiallylittlekids,areinterestedinhisskills.____,healsostopsbycolleges.Manycollegestudentshavebeendrawntotheart,waitinginlineforhands-onexperience.Amongthem,Simon,aforeignstudent,couldn'thelphavingatry.Thoughitlookedeasy,hefounditdifficulttomakeit.ThankstoXiong'shelp,Simonfinallysawahorseslowlytakingshape.Simonwasdeeplymovedafterlearningabouttheart."Ijustcan'tbelievethetraditionalfolkartcanbekeptsowellhere.Iloveit.Chinesecultureshouldbespreadaroundtheworld,"hesaid.Thisarthasbeenpasseddownforfourgenerations(代)inXiong'sfamily.His6-year-oldsonoftenblowssugarballoons,justlikewhatheusedtodoasachild."Wewillpassontheintangibleheritage,"saidXiong.8．FromthepassagewecanlearnthatXiongChuanfastartedblowingsugarfigurineswhenhewas____.A．abusdriver B．aforeignmagicianC．34yearsold D．14yearsold9．Whichofthefollowingcanbeputinthe____?A．TodrawyoungpeopleclosertotheartB．TohelpyoungpeoplelearndrawingskillsC．ToteachlittlekidstheskillsofdrawingD．Tomakelittlekidsmoreinterestedintheart10．Accordingtothepassage,wecaninfer(推断)thatSimonwillmostprobably____.A．stayinChinatoblowsugarhorsesB．offerXiongahelpinghandinclassC．learnmoreaboutChinesecultureD．blowperfectsugarfigurinesnexttime11．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．XiongandHisFolkArtofSweetBlowsB．AMagicFolkArtandChineseCultureC．Xiong'sFamilyandSugarFigurineSkillsD．AGuideandtheIntangibleHeritages阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项。CharlesDarwinCharlesDarwinwasoneofthesixchildrenfromabigfamily.HisgrandfatherandfatherweredoctorsandtheyoungDarwinwenttoEdinburghUniversitytostudymedicine.However,hehatedtoseebloodandhesoonrealizedthathecouldn'tbeadoctor.HethenwenttoCambridgeUniversityanddiscoveredthathehadagreatinterestinstudyingplants,insectsandanimals.Luckily,oneofDarwin'suniversityteachershelpedhimjointheperfecttripforabiologist:avoyagearoundtheworldtostudynature.In1831,CharlesDarwinleftPlymouthonTheBeagle,ashipthattookhimaroundtheworldforfiveyears.Whilehewastravelling,hestudiedtheplantsandanimalsinthecountriesandontheislandsthattheshipvisited.DarwinalsospenthistimeonTheBeaglewritingnotesaboutthethingshehadseen.WhenhefinallyarrivedbackinBritain,Darwinwasalreadystartingtocreatehisfamoustheorythatalllivingthingshadacommonancestor(祖先).AthomeatDownHouse,aplacethatyoucanstillvisittoday,Darwinwrotemanyarticlesandbooksabouthistravels,buthedidn'twanttomakeanythingabouthistheoryknowntothepublic.Heworkedinhisstudy,wherehewrote250,000wordsabouthistheoryofevolution(进化论),buthewasfrightenedaboutwhatpeoplemightsayabouthisideathatmonkeysweretheancestorsofhumans.Hethoughtthepublicwouldbeagainstitandwassofrightenedthathebecameillwithworry.However,whenanotherscientiststartedtowriteaboutsimilarideas,Darwindecidedtoprinthisbook,OntheOriginofSpecies.MostscientistsacceptedDarwin'stheoryandpeoplecontinuetostudyittoday.On12thFebruary,thedayhewasborn,DarwinDayiscelebratedaroundtheworldtoencouragemorepeopletostudythenaturalworld.12．WhatcausedDarwintogiveuphisstudyofmedicine?A．Hefoundthestudiestoodifficult.B．Hedislikedworkingwithblood.C．Hewaspushedtogiveupbyhisfamily.D．Hewasadvisedtostudynaturalscience.13．WhywasthetriponTheBeagleimportanttoDarwin?A．Ithelpedhimtofinishhisstudyattheuniversity.B．Itallowedhimtochangehismindabouthisfuture.C．Itgavehimideasaboutthebeginningsofhumanlife.D．Itgothimtocompletehismostfamousbookontheship.14．InwhatorderdidthefollowinghappeninDarwin'slife?a.HearrivedbackinBritainin1836.b.Hethoughtthepublicwouldnotsupporthisideas.c.Hebecameinterestedinstudyingthenaturalworld.d.Heprintedhisfamousbook,OntheOriginofSpecies.e.Hereceivedhelptogetaplaceonatriparoundtheworld.f.Hestudiedtheplantsandanimalsontheislandshevisited.A．e→f→c→a→b→d B．c→e→f→a→b→dC．e→f→a→c→d→b D．c→e→f→d→a→b15．Whydidthewriterincludethelastparagraph?A．TointroduceDarwin'sfamousbook.B．TotellhowpeoplecelebrateDarwinDay.C．ToexplainwhypeopleacceptDarwin'sideas.D．ToshowDarwin'sinfluenceonnaturalscience.二、阅读还原（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）下面短文有五处空（第31-35题），请从A—F选项中选出符合意思的选项，选项中有一项是多余选项。Everyyear,millionsofbirdsarekilledorhurtwhentheyflyintobuildings.Whydoesthishappen16．Birdsareflyingintowindowsandtallbuildingsthatareallcoveredbyglass.Manybirdsflyfromoneplacetoanother.Mostofthetime,theyliveinthewild,suchasforestsandwetlands.17．Theymightseesmalltreesandflowersinsideawindowandwanttorestontheseplants.Thebirdsdonotknowthereisglassbetweenthemandtheplants.18．Somebirdsflyatnight.Theyusethemoonandstarstohelpguidethemintherightdirection.Tallbuildingswithlightsonatnightcanconfuse(迷惑)thebirds.19．Thebirdsseethelight,buttheycannottellthatthelightiscomingfrominsideabuilding.Theyflytowardthelightandcrashintoabuilding.Onmanymornings,theremightbeseveraldeadbirdslyingontheground.20．Manyofficebuildingsnowturnofftheirlightsatnight.Thishelpsreducethenumberofbirdsthatflyintobuildingsanditalsohelpssaveenergy.A.Theanswerisglass.B.Peoplearetryingtosolvetheproblem.C.Thesebirdshavenoideawhatglassis.D.Asaresult,theyflyrightintotheglass.E.Inthisway,theycanavoidcrashingintoglass.F.Thisisabigproblem,especiallyonfoggyandrainynights.三、第三部分英语知识运用，第一节：完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出一个最佳选项。Bellaarrivedhomelatefromschoolthatday.Whenshewalkedpasthermother'sroomshefoundhermumwas21．inbed,andseemedtobeveryweak.Bellaenteredherroomandheardthecriesfromherlittlesister.Sheknewherdadwouldexpectherto22．hersister.Andshealsohadtopreparemealsforthewholefamily23．hermumdidbefore.Bellathoughtitwasnot24．becauseshealsohadschoolworktodo,justlikeeveryoneelseinherclass.Whydidshehavetobethegrown-up?Whenshegotoutoftheroom,shesawher25．sittingatthekitchentable,lonelyandtired.Suddenly,somethinghappenedinsideBella.She26．thatherfather,aswellasahusband,mustbereally27．.Thensheheardadeepvoicefromherfather,"Makethe28．,willyou,Bella?"Shewasgoingtofinda(n)29．tomeetherfriends,butshestoppedandsaidtoherself"Itisa30．timeforeveryoneinourfamily.IguessmakingmealsisjustwhatIcandotohelp."Thenshe31．wentintothekitchenandbeganpeeling(削)potatoes."OK,Daddy,"saidBella."Everythingwillbeallrightandwecan32．."Atthemoment,shesawasmileonherfather'sface.Shefelt33．—grown-up,somehow.Itwasreallygoodto34．asmiletoherfather'sface,evenforonlyamoment."Daddy,whateverhappens,wewillbeOK.Right?""Yes,wewill.Ifwe35．eachother,we'llalwaysbeallright."Theybothsmiledateachotheroverthetable.21．A．still B．only C．even D．almost22．A．lookfor B．lookafterC．lookover D．lookthrough23．A．as B．until C．since D．unless24．A．clear B．ready C．fair D．true25．A．brother B．sister C．mum D．dad26．A．explained B．expected C．realized D．promised27．A．moved B．worried C．pleased D．surprised28．A．bed B．table C．dinner D．present29．A．excuse B．suggestion C．example D．question30．A．full B．hard C．good D．right31．A．simply B．bravely C．quietly D．suddenly32．A．decide B．manage C．forget D．understand33．A．terrible B．wrong C．lucky D．different34．A．bring B．keep C．turn D．hold35．A．refuse B．control C．support D．introduce四、选词填空（用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次）（满分5分）选词填空soldier,they,nearly,eventhough,punish36．Becareful!Acarhityoujustnow.37．mygrandpaisovereighty,helooksstrong.38．ThekidsareenjoyingintheparkonChildren'sDay.39．Weneedtothankthe,becausetheyprotectthecountry.40．Ifyoudon'tfinishyourhomeworkontime,youwillbyourteachers.五、语法填空（本题有10小题，每小题1分，共10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的适当形式。Makingahabitdependsonthehabit,you,andyourefforts.Scientistssayitcouldtakefrom21daystoeightmonths.Thisvaries41．eachhabitisdifferent.Manybelieve42．takes21daystoformahabit.ThisideacamefromDr.MaxwellMaltz,adoctor.Hefoundthathispatientsspentabout21days43．(get)usedtoanewwayofseeingthemselves.MarkVahrmeye,atherapist,says44．21-dayruleseemseasy.Butoften,ittakeslongertomakeahabit.DrMauriceDuffy,who45．(teach)aboutthinkingpatterns,saysthatourdaily46．(act)areourhabits.AlyssaRoberts,whoresearcheseatinghabits,sayshabits47．(make)byrepeatingsomething.Whenwedosomethingmanytimes,ourbrainstartstodoitwithoutthinking.AuthorCharlesDuhiggexplainsthe"habitloop".Ahabithasthreeparts:anactivate,thehabit,andareward.Forexample,stressmightleadtoovereatingtofeelbetter.Ifthisrepeats,thebrainwillseestress48．achancetoeatforcomfort.Howfastyouformahabitdependsonthehabit.Simplehabitslikedrinkingwaterare49．(quick)toformthanharderoneslikeexercisingalot.A2016studyfoundthatbelievinginyourselfisthekeytoforminghabits.Ifyouthinkyoucankeepahabit,youlikelywill.This50．(believe)helpsinquittingsmoking,losingweight,drinkingless,andexercisingmore.六、第四部分写作，第一节：单词拼写（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）51．Samdidn'trtomyquestionandinsteadchangedthetopic.52．Shedacupofteaandthenfeltwarmonthecoldmorning.53．Let'siTomoverfordinnertomorrow.54．Hearingtheheart-warmingwordsfromhisdad,Peterwenttothesingingcompetitionwithcratherthanfearinhisheart.55．ThebusisquitefullsoIhavetowaittthenextbuscomes.56．Thezipperissuchagreatinvention.It'susedquiteofteninourdlives.57．Toprotectourenvironment,weshouldcallontotakewoodenchopsticksorpspoonslesswhenwebuytakeawayfood.58．I'msosleepy.Tellthechildrentostopmakinganinthehouse.59．Youwillhavemanydifficulttasksaofyouinseniorhighschool.60．ThispoemwaswbyafamouspoemnamedDuFu.七、书面表达（共1题，满分20分）61．生命中总有一些值得我们感恩的人。最近，学校电视台将举办题为"ThePersonIWanttoThank"的英语演讲比赛。假如你想感谢身边某位对你有影响的人（父/母亲、老师、朋友……），请根据以下流程图写一篇英文演讲稿参加比赛。注意事项：1）演讲稿须根据流程图自拟，要求语句通顺、意思连贯、符合题意；2）流程图中括号部分为非限定性内容，仅供参考；3）词数在120个左右，演讲稿的首尾，不计入总词数；4）演讲稿中不得使用真实的个人及学校信息；5.演讲稿必须写在答题卡指定的位置上。Goodafternoon,everyone!Iamgladtobeheretogiveaspeech.Mytopicis"ThePersonIWanttoThank".Thankyouforyourtime!

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．D3．B4．A【解析】【分析】主要讲了给出几点建议关于如何使你的展示技能更容易更享受。

【点评】考查阅读理解，在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。1．细节理解题。根据Thebeginningofyourpresentationshouldbeinteresting.Forexample,youcantellashort,funnystorytomakepeoplelaugh.你演讲的开头应该很有趣。例如，你可以讲一个简短有趣的故事让人发笑，可知讲一个有趣的故事。故选B。2．推理判断题。根据Practicebeforeyourperformance.Youneedtopracticemanytimesbeforethe"bigday".表演前先练习。在"大日子"之前，你需要练习很多次，可知根据课文，"你做演讲的那天"是"大日子"。故选D。3．细节理解题。根据Finally,besuretothankyouraudiencewhenyoufinishspeaking.It'sasimplebutgoodwaytoendanypresentation.最后，演讲结束后一定要感谢听众。这是结束任何演示文稿的一种简单但很好的方式，可知说谢谢是很好的方法。故选B。4．推理判断题。根据Presentation(展示)skillsareimportantatschoolandinotherareasoflife.演讲技巧在学校和其他生活领域都很重要，可知选项A"这位作家是否试图教我们技巧？"这个问题最能帮助我们找到作者的目的。故选A。【答案】5．B6．D7．A【解析】【分析】主要介绍了一些处理压力的有用的技巧。

【点评】考查阅读理解，解答时注意细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，选择正确答案。5．细节理解题。根据Toavoidthat,timemanagementisgreatlyneeded.为了避免这种情况，非常需要时间管理，可知本段给出的建议是要进行时间管理，故选B。6．细节理解题。根据suchassports,hobbiesandmeetingwithfriends.Forexample...比如运动、爱好和与朋友见面。例如，可知本段是通过举例子来说明，故选D。7．段落结构题。根据整个文章的理解可知，本文第一段总体指出有一些处理压力的有用的技巧，第二至六段分别从不同的方面介绍缓解压力的方式，所以结构是总分，故选A。【答案】8．D9．A10．C11．A【解析】【分析】主要介绍了熊传发和他的传统民间技艺——吹糖人。

【点评】考查阅读理解，在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。8．推理判断题。根据第一段WhenXiongChuanfa,34,blowsalifeliketigeroutofsugarinjustminutes,kidslookathiminsurprise,thinkingheisamagician.当34岁的熊传发在几分钟内用糖吹出一只栩栩如生的老虎时，孩子们惊讶地看着他，以为他是魔术师，以及第二段Xionghasbeenblowingsugarfigurines(吹糖人)fortwentyyears.熊吹糖人已经有20年了，可推知熊传发从14岁时就开始吹糖人。故选B。9．细节理解题。根据后句healsostopsbycolleges.Manycollegestudentshavebeendrawntotheart,waitinginlineforhands-onexperience.他还会去大学。许多大学生被这门艺术所吸引，排队等待亲身体验，可知前句讲的是目的是吸引年轻人接近艺术，故选A。10．推理判断题。根据第六段Simonwasdeeplymovedafterlearningabouttheart."Ijustcan'tbelievethetraditionalfolkartcanbekeptsowellhere.Iloveit.Chinesecultureshouldbespreadaroundtheworld,"hesaid.西蒙在了解了这门艺术后深受感动。"我简直不敢相信传统民间艺术能在这里保存得这么好。我喜欢它。中国文化应该传播到世界各地。"，可推知西蒙很可能会去学习更多的中国文化。故选A。11．最佳标题题。根据第一段WhenXiongChuanfa,34,blowsalifeliketigeroutofsugarinjustminutes,kidslookathiminsurprise，thinkingheisamagician.当34岁的熊传发在几分钟内用糖吹出一只栩栩如生的老虎时，孩子们惊讶地看着他，以为他是魔术师，以及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了吹糖人艺术家熊传发。所以本文的最佳标题是"熊和他的吹糖人民间艺术"。故选A。【答案】12．B13．C14．B15．D【解析】【分析】主要讲了达尔文早期的学习和旅行经历，讲述达尔文研究自然世界，并完成《物种起源》的经历。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先读懂文章大意，然后理解题目，最后从文中抓住相关语句，最终选择正确答案。12．细节理解题。根据However,hehatedtoseebloodandhesoonrealizedthathecouldn'tbeadoctor.然而，他讨厌看到鲜血，他很快意识到自己不能成为一名医生，可知达尔文讨厌看到血，所以放弃了学医。故选B。13．细节理解题。根据DarwinalsospenthistimeonTheBeaglewritingnotesaboutthethingshehadseen.WhenhefinallyarrivedbackinBritain,Darwinwasalreadystartingtocreatehisfamoustheorythatalllivingthingshadacommonancestor可知达尔文在船上的旅行让他开始创造所有的生物都有一个共同的祖先的理论，即在这艘船上的旅行让他有了人类生命起源的想法。故选C。14．细节理解题。根据hehadagreatinterestinstudyingplants,insectsandanimals…Luckily,oneofDarwin'suniversityteachershelpedhimjointheperfecttripforabiologist:avoyagearoundtheworldtostudynature…Whilehewastravelling,hestudiedtheplantsandanimalsinthecountriesandontheislandsthattheshipvisited…WhenhefinallyarrivedbackinBritain…Hethoughtthepublicwouldbeagainstit…Darwindecidedtoprinthisbook,OntheOriginofSpecies.可知先是达尔文对学习自然世界感兴趣，即c；然后他得到帮助可以去环球旅行，即e；他研究了船所到达的岛上的动植物，即f；后来回到了英国，即a；他认为公众会反对他的想法，即b；最后出版了自己的书《物种起源》，即d。所以顺序是c-e-f-a-b-d。故选B。15．推理判断题。根据On12thFebruary,thedayhewasborn,DarwinDayiscelebratedaroundtheworldtoencouragemorepeopletostudythenaturalworld.2月12日，达尔文出生的那一天，世界各地都在庆祝达尔文日，以鼓励更多的人研究自然界，可知最后一段介绍了达尔文日是为了鼓励更多人研究自然世界，可推知最后一段是为了展示达尔文对自然科学的影响。故选D。【答案】16．A；17．C；18．D；19．F；20．B【解析】【分析】主要讲述了城市中带有玻璃墙的建筑内晚上的灯光给迁徙的鸟儿造成了困扰，使得它们误撞上玻璃从而导致死亡。

A.Theanswerisglass.答案是玻璃。

B.Peoplearetryingtosolvetheproblem.人们正在努力解决这个问题。

C.Thesebirdshavenoideawhatglassis.这些鸟不知道玻璃是什么。

D.Asaresult,theyflyrightintotheglass.结果，它们直接飞进了玻璃里。

E.Inthisway,theycanavoidcrashingintoglass.这样，它们就可以避免撞到玻璃上。

F.Thisisabigproblem,especiallyonfoggyandrainynights.这是一个大问题，尤其是在多雾和多雨的夜晚。

【点评】考查任务型阅读，首先理解选项意思，然后根据前后句句意和关键词句确定正确答案。16．根据前句Whydoesthishappen?为什么这个发生，可知空处应是解释背后的原因，结合后句windowsandtallbuildingsthatareallcoveredbyglass.窗户和高楼大厦都被玻璃覆盖着，可知与玻璃有关，A项"答案是玻璃"符合语境。故选A。17．根据前句Mostofthetime,theyliveinthewild,suchasforestsandwetlands.大多数时候，它们生活在野外，比如森林和湿地，可知鸟对于玻璃没有概念，C项"这些鸟根本不知道玻璃是什么。"符合语境。故选C。18．根据前句Thebirdsdonotknowthereisglassbetweenthemandtheplants.鸟儿不知道它们和植物之间有玻璃，可知鸟儿不知道它们和植物之间有玻璃，所以就撞上了，D项"结果，它们直接撞到了玻璃上。"符合语境。故选D。19．根据前句Tallbuildingswithlightsonatnightcanconfuse（迷惑）thebirds.夜晚亮着灯的高层建筑会让鸟类感到困惑，可知这里是说夜晚亮着灯的高楼大厦会迷惑鸟类这一问题，E项"这是一个大问题，尤其是在雾天和雨夜。"符合语境。故选E。20．根据后句Manyofficebuildingsnowturnofftheirlightsatnight.Thishelpsreducethenumberofbirdsthatflyintobuildingsanditalsohelpssaveenergy.许多办公楼现在晚上都会关灯。这有助于减少飞入建筑物的鸟类数量，也有助于节约能源，可知本段是讲对于这一问题人们采取的解决办法，B项"人们正在努力解决这个问题。"符合语境。故选B。【答案】21．A；22．B；23．A；24．C；25．D；26．C；27．B；28．A；29．C；30．B；31．C；32．B；33．D；34．A；35．C【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了贝拉一开始觉得做家务并照顾妹妹对她来说是不公平的，后来意识到家里的困境后主动帮忙做家务，并和家人彼此相互鼓励相互支持。

【点评】考查完形填空，注意词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意上下文的逻辑，并且考虑句型，语法，搭配，语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证。21．句意：当她走过母亲的房间时，她发现母亲还躺在床上，似乎很虚弱。still还，仍然；only只有；even甚至；almost几乎。根据"inbed"及"weak"可知，身体很虚弱，所以是在床上躺着，故选A。22．句意：她知道父亲希望她照顾妹妹。lookfor寻找；lookafter照顾；lookover仔细检查；lookthrough浏览。根据"expectherto…hersister"可知，期待能照顾妹妹，故选B。23．句意：她还得像她妈妈以前那样为全家人准备饭菜。as像；until直到；since既然；unless除非。根据"hermumdidbefore"可知，像妈妈之前做的那样，故选A。24．句意：贝拉认为这不公平，因为她还要做作业。clear清楚的；ready准备好的；fair公平的；true真实的。根据"becauseshealsoschoolworktodo"及"Whydidshehavetobethegrown-up"可知，她觉得这一切对她不公平，故选C。25．句意：当她走出房间时，她看到她的父亲坐在厨房的桌子旁，孤独而疲惫。brother兄弟；sister姐妹；mum妈妈；dad爸爸。根据"thatherfather"可知，看到了爸爸疲惫地坐在那，故选D。26．句意：她意识到她的父亲，也是一位丈夫，一定非常担心。explained解释；expected期待；realized意识到；promised承诺。根据"thatherfather,aswellasahusband,mustbereally"可知，意识到爸爸也一定是担心妈妈的身体，故选C。27．句意：她意识到她的父亲，也是一位丈夫，一定非常担心。moved感动的；worried担心的；pleased满意的；surprised惊讶的。根据前文"seemedtobeveryweak"可知，妈妈身体很虚弱，爸爸应该是担心的，故选B。28．句意：做晚饭，好吗，贝拉？bed床；table桌子；dinner晚餐；present礼物。根据前文"Bellaarrivedhomelatefromschoolthatday"以及"wentintothekitchenandbeganpeeling(削)potatoes"可知，爸爸让贝拉准备晚餐，故选C。29．句意：她打算找个借口去见她的朋友。excuse理由；suggestion建议；example例子；question问题。根据"Shewasgoingtofinda(n)…tomeetherfriends"及"timeforeveryoneinourfamily"可知，她本来打算找个理由出去见朋友，后来改变了主意，故选A。30．句意：这对我们家的每个人来说都是一段艰难的时期。full满的；hard困难的；good好的；right正确的。根据"IguessmakingmealsisjustwhatIcandotohelp"可知，现在正是家里困难时期，贝拉想做一些力所能及的，故选B。31．句意：然后，她安静地走进厨房，开始削土豆皮。simply简单地；bravely勇敢地；quietly安静地；suddenly突然。根据"timeforeveryoneinourfamily.IguessmakingmealsisjustwhatIcandotohelp"可知，有了这个心理变化后，安静地走进厨房准备晚餐，故选C。32．句意：一切都会好起来的，我们能应付。decide决定；manage处理，控制；forget忘记；understand理解。根据"Everythingwillbeallright"可知，贝拉安慰爸爸，能应付这个困难时期，故选B。33．句意：她觉得不一样了——不知怎的，她长大了。terrible糟糕的；wrong错误的；lucky幸运的；different不同的。根据"shesawasmileonherfather'sface"及"grown-up,somehow"可知，看到爸爸脸上的笑容，她突然意识到自己变得不同了，瞬间长大了，故选D。34．句意：能让她爸爸脸上露出笑容真是太好了，哪怕只是一瞬间。bring带来；keep保持；turn转动；hold握住。根据"Itwasreallygoodto…asmiletoherfather'sface"可知，此处指给爸爸的脸上带来一丝微笑，故选A。35．句意：如果我们互相支持，我们就会没事的。refuse拒绝；control控制；support支持；introduce介绍。根据"Ifwe…eachother,we'llalwaysbeallright"可知，在困难时期，家人互相支持和帮助，一切都会过去的，故选C。【答案】36．nearly37．Eventhough38．themselves39．soldiers40．bepublished【解析】【分析】soldier,士兵；they,他们；nearly,几乎；eventhough,甚至；punish惩罚

【点评】考查选词填空，注意副词，反身代词，名词复数，连词，一般将来时被动语态的用法。36．句意：小心！刚才一辆车差点撞到你。根据"Acar…hityoujustnow."以及所给单词，应是几乎要撞上了，副词nearly"几乎，差不多"修饰动词hit。故填nearly。37．句意：尽管我爷爷已经80多岁了，但他看起来很强壮。前后两句存在让步关系，用eventhough引导让步状语从句。故填Eventhough。38．句意：儿童节那天，孩子们在公园里玩得很开心。enjoyoneself"玩得很高兴"，固定短语；they"他们"，主格代词，对应的反身代词应是themselves"他们自己"。故填themselves。39．句意：我们需要感谢士兵，因为他们保护了国家。根据"becausetheyprotectthecountry."可知，是士兵们保护了国家，根据"they"可知，应填名词复数soldiers。故填soldiers。40．句意：如果你不按时完成作业，你将受到老师的惩罚。根据"Ifyoudon'tfinishyourhomeworkontime,youwill…byourteachers."可知，不按时完成作业应是会被老师惩罚，动词punish"惩罚"，主语和谓语动词之间存在被动关系，所以用被动语态，根据"will"可知，是一般将来时的被动语态，结构是willbedone。故填bepunished。【答案】41．because；42．it；43．getting；44．the；45．teaches；46．actions；47．aremade；48．as；49．quicker；50．belief【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了养成一个习惯所取决的因素。

【点评】考查语法填空，注意连词，动名词，冠词，主谓一致，名词复数，一般现在时被动语态，主谓一致，比较级等多种用法。41．句意：这种差异是因为每个习惯是不同的。前后句存在因果关系，后句是因，前句是果，所以用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。42．句意：很多人认为养成一个习惯会花21天。根据"Manybelieve…takes21daystoformahabit."可知，此处是省略that的宾语从句，空处缺从句主语，"toformahabit"是真正的主语，用it作形式主语。故填it。43．句意：他发现他的病人会花21天来习惯一个新的看待自己的方式。get，动词，spend+时间+doingsth"花费时间做某事"，所以填动名词。故填getting。44．句意：治疗师MarkVahrmeye说21天的规律看起来简单。此处特指上文提到的21天养成一个习惯的规律，所以用定冠词the表特指。故填the。45．句意：教授思维模式的MauriceDuffy博士说我们的日常行为就是我们的习惯。teach，动词，此处陈述事实，时态用一般现在时，先行词是DrMauriceDuffy，是三单，动词用三单式。故填teaches。46．句意：教授思维模式的MauriceDuffy博士说我们的日常行为就是我们的习惯。act，动词，our形容词性物主代词修饰名词，action，是名词。根据are可知用名词复数。故填actions。47．句意：研究饮食习惯的AlyssaRoberts说习惯是通过重复某些事养成的。make，动词，主语和动词之间存在被动关系，所以使用被动语态，此处陈述事实，时态用一般现在时，主语是复数，系动词用are，make过去分词是made。故填aremade。48．句意：如果如此重复，大脑就会把压力视为一个吃东西寻求安慰的机会。根据"thebrainwillseestress…achance"可知，此处是指把压力看作一个机会，see…as"把……看作……"，固定短语。故填as。49．句意：像喝水这样的简单习惯比大量锻炼这样更难养成的习惯形成得更快。quick，形容词，根据"than"可知，空处应填形容词比较级quicker。故填quicker。50．句意：这种信念有助于戒烟、减肥、少喝酒和多锻炼。believe，动词，空处在句中作主语，应填名词belief"信念"，不可数名词。故填belief。51．【答案】reply【解析】【分析】句意：Sham没有回答我的问题，并且相反他改变了题目。助动词didn't后面用动词原形。根据tomyquestion和首字母提示，可知是动词reply，回复，回答，故填reply。

【点评】考查单词拼写，注意识记reply的用法。52．【答案】drank【解析】【分析】句意：在一个寒冷的早晨他喝了一杯茶，然后感觉到很温暖。此处缺少谓语动词。根据acupofteaandthenfeltwarm，可知喝了一杯茶。drink是动词，描述过去用一般过去时，drank是过去式，故填drank。

【点评】考查单词拼写，注意识记drink，过去时的用法。53．【答案】invite【解析】【分析】句意：让我们明天的晚餐邀请汤姆过来吧。let's+动词原形引导祈使句，根据dinner，可知是邀请某人来晚餐。invite，动词，邀请，故填invite。

【点评】考查单词拼写，注意识记invite，祈使句的用法。54．【答案】courage/confidence【解析】【分析】句意：听到爸爸的暖心话语，彼得心里没有恐惧，而是带着勇气/信心去参加歌唱比赛。with是介词，其后用名词做宾语，根据Hearingtheheart-warmingwordsfromhisdad,Pe