2024年全国银行招聘之银行招聘综合知识考试重点黑金模拟题（详细参考解析） (一)

全国银行招聘考试重点试题精编

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一、选择题

1、资**:Itseemssimpleenough.Takealltheline-formingandpaper-fillingbusyworkofthe

government,andputitalupontheInternet.Now,inordertoreportapot-hole,payyour

propertytax,complaintoanofficialorcastavote,justlogonandhitafewbuttons.Gocdbye

bureaucracy,helloe-cracy?

However,theshifttoe-governmentisturningintoonegiantpainintheneck—technologyisn't

theproblem,moneyis.TheGartnerGroupestimatedthatprojectspendingfore-governmentwill

growfrom$6.5billionin2010tomorethan$16,8billionby2O25.Thecostworldwideoverthe

next15years,however;isthoughtbysometoreachorevenexceed$600billion.

Citizensareoftwominds—theyliketheconvenienceandflexibilityofe-government,butthey

haveshownnogreatinterestincoughingupextrataxdollarsforthispurpose.E-governmentis

turningouttobemuchmoreexpensivethanitsearlychampionsenvisioned.Justbecausethata

state'sdepartmentofmotorvehiclesallowsonlineautoregistrationdoesn'tmeanitcanshut

downitsphysicalstations.ThecostofcreatingandmaintaininganInternetpresencemustbe

addedtotheexistingcosts:ructure.

凶密Whysoexpensive?It'scheapenoughforaregionalforestservicetoputupafirealertweasite.

封

线Butmountingacomprehersivesystemofinputsandoutputsthatmirrorsandinsomeinstances

supersedesoff-linegovernmentstructuresisamammothexpenditure,conductedwithlittle

assurancethatemergingtechnologicalstandardswon'tleaveyoureffortinthedust.

Ifthissoundseerilysimilartotheconfidencewalldot-combusinessespiledintolastyear,good

foryou,becauseit'sthesamewall,thewallofreality,wheremoneyisstillmoney,andbecausea

thingisvirtualdoesn'tmeanit'sfree.Itisareallybigproblem.Weallknowitisgoingtocosta

tonofmoney,butnooneknowswheretogoforthemoney.

What'stheauthor'spurposeofmentioningastate'sdepartmentofmotorvehicles?

A.Ibshowthate-governmentwilladdnewcosts

B.Toshowthatthee-governmentisuselessinsomecases

C.Toshowthatphysicalstationsarenotfunctioningwell

恬

D.Toshowthatthee-govemmentwillreplacephysicalstations

2、下列关于IP地址说法中错误的是()o

A.一个IP地址只能标识网络的唯一的一台计算机

B.IP地址一般用点分十进制表示

C.地址205.106.25636是一个合法的IP地址

D.同一个网络中不能有两台计算机的IP地址相同

3-.按贷款风险分类法，借款人无需足额偿还贷款本息-即使执行担保，也肯定要造成较大

损失的贷款应归为()。

A.正常

B.关注

C.次级

D.可疑

4、Thestudentsfailedtomeetthenecessary()foradmissiontothecourse.

A.fulfillment

□.requirements

C.qualities

0.competency

5、根据我国宪法的规定，下列有关公民基本权利的宪法保护的表述，哪一个是正确的？()

A.一切公民都有选举权和被选举权

B.宪法规定了对华侨、归侨权益的保护，但没有规定对侨眷权益的保护

C.宪法对建立劳动者休息和休养的设施未加以规定

D.公民合法财产的所有权和私有财产的继承权规定在宪法“总纲〃部分

6、Today,only4millionpeopleliveandworkonfarmsintheUnitedStates,buttheyproducemore

thanenoughfoodfor200millionAmericans.Theyareabletodothisbecausemodernagriculture

dependsmoreonup-to-datemachineryandscientificmethodsthanitdoesonold-fashioned

knowledgeandhumanlabor.

Thesedays,onemanorwomanspendinganafternooninanair-conditioned,stereo-equipped

tractorcandotheworkthatyearsagowouldhaverequiredhundredsofhoursofback-breaking

drudgery.

Asaresultofthemodernizationofagriculture,thefarmoftodaylooksalotlikeafactory.When

thefarmer'shenslaytheireggs,conveyorbeltscarrytheeggsofftobesortedandpacked.Ifthe

farmerkeepspigs,thosepigswillnotbewallowinginthemud,butlyingaroundinsanitary

pens.Andthefarmerislikelytobefoundstudyingacomputerprint-outoflong-rangeweather

conditions.Whyisn'tthefarmermilkingcowsinthebarn?Theansweriseasy:Amachineisdoing

it.

Thisrelianceonmoderntechnologyhasitsproblemsforfarmers.Thetractorsthatplowtheir

fields,thecombinesthatreapandthreshthegrain,andthesilosthatstorethegrainforwinter

feedingareallveryexpensive.Forexample,asingletractorcancostasmuchas$50,000.Wi:hout

thisequipment,farmerscouldnotruntheirfarmsprofitaby,but,topayforit,farmersmusttake

outlargebankloans.Asinglebadseasoncouldputthemdeeplyindebt.And,whenthemachinery

wearsoutorbecomesobsolete,thefarmersmustreplaceitwithnewer,moreexpensive

models.Still,mostfarmersarewillingtoputupwiththesedifficultiesbecausetheirmachines

havefreedthemfromtheheavylaborandhardlifethatfarmershadtoendureinthepast.

Itcanbeinferredfromthethirdparagraphthat().

A.moderntechnologyhasbroughtaboutalotoftrouble

B.moderntechnologyhascostfarmersalotofmoney

C.farmerswereputdeeplyindebt

D.moderntechnologyhasreleasedfarmersfromheavylabor

7、下列句子中，没有语病的一项是()。

A.送走了所有人，他才有时间坐下来，静静地思考着今天一连串发生的离奇事件，最后浮

现出的便只有那一种可能了。

B.虽然这种物理状态很少见，但是有了这么一段详实生动的描写，没有谁不会想象不出的。

C.前往西方发达国家游历是一很有意义的事情，通过游历，使我受到了极大的收获。

D.睡眠要占去一个人一生中三分之一的时间，因此，充分的睡眠，对生理有极其重要的作

用。

8、《中华人民共和国土地改革法》规定土地改革的根本目的是()o

A.废除封建剥削的土地制度

B.实行农民的土地所有制

C.解放农村生产力，为工业化开辟道路

D.实行耕者有其田的土地制度

9、资料：Globalbusinesstraveltopped$1.2trillionandisexpectedtoreach$1.6trillionby2020,

accordingtonewresearchbytheGlobalBusinessTravelAssociation(GBTA),anassociation

representingtheinterestsofcorporatetravelmanagers.What'smoreChinahasnowsurpassed

theU.S.asthelargestbusinesstravelmarketintheworld,ringingup$291billionlastyear.

Atthesametime,allisnotrosyandanumberofmajorissuesarelurkingahead.Aweakening

globaleconomy,Brexitandthisyear'sU.S.presidentialelectionwillmeangrowthwillnotbea

straightlineupwards.

“Theuncertaintycreatedbyfinancialupheavalandpendingchangestotradeandimmigration

ruleswillraisemanagementheartburn.Thiswillcausesomepostponement,evenou:right

cancellation,ofbusinesstrios.Itmayalsotriggertravelbudgetconstrictionasmanagementseeks

tohedgetheuncertainty/thereportsays.

AtthesametimeConcur,acompanythatprovidessupportservicesfortravelmanagers,released

thatthesharingeconomyisgainingtractionwithbusinesstravelers,basedonitsanalysisof40

millionuserswhospendover$70billionannually.

Concurdataindicates56percentgrowthforAirbnbtypeservicesinusagefromQI2015toQI

2016.Onaverage,businesstravelersstayfivenightswhenhomesharingversusthreenightsina

hotel.

“Managingtravelandexpenseisbecomingincreasinglycomplex,betweenintegrationwith

mobiletechnology,nuancesintravelerpreferences,andnewtravelsupplierstrategies/notes

RobbNielsen,vicepresidentofglobalproduceexperienceatConcur."Thisdemandsafully

connectedtravelandexpenseecosystempairedwithactionableinsights,givingtravelmanagers

thevisibilityandcontroltheyneedtodrivecostsavings/

Apressreleasedadded,Z/Thevastmajorityofbusinesstravelersalsowanttoreceivepersonalized

traveloptions.However,eventhoughbusinesstravelerswantpersonalizedoptions,theyare

hesitanttosharetoomuchpersonalinformationtoobtainthem.Theyarecommonlywillingto

sharedetailssuchastheirfrequentflyerorhotelloyaltynumber,preferredairlineandhotel

brandsandaircraftseatpreferences,butfewerthanhalfwouldsharetheirtravelhistory,

preferredleisureactivitieswhiletraveling,theirbusinesscalendarwithbookedappointments

andtheirsocialmediaaccountnames?"

Whatistheauthortryingtoimplyfromthisarticle?

A.Personalizationisontherise,togetherwithsharingeconomy

B.ITeraisfinallycomingfortravellingindustry

C.Businessmenarebecomingmoreandmoregenerousonglobalbusinesstrip

0.Traditionaltravelagencyisabouttofadeaway

10、Passage4

AMENTORING(导师制)programisgivinglifechangingopportunitiestoBanburyyouth.

YoungInspirationswasfoundedtwoyearsagotoprovidementoringsessionsforstudentsand

unemployedyoungadultsaged11to21.

AlexGoldberg,theprogram'sfounder,said「'WesetupYoungInspirationsbecausewewantedto

giveyoungpeopleexperienceswhichwillpotentiallybelifechangingandbroadentheir

outlook.Wetrytocreateworkexperienceopportunitiesthatwillreallymakeadifferencetoour

youth.Forexample,we'vesecuredinternshipswithworld-famousfirmssuchasHonda//

“Atatimeoffundingcutbackswhereschoolsarefindingitmoreandmoredifficulttoofferthis

kindofmentoring,itisextremelyimportantthattheseopportunitiesareavailablebothtohelp

youthwiththeirschoolworkandgradesandtogivethemopportunitieswhichmayhelpshape

theirfutures/KieranHepburn,14,isoneofagroupofBanburyyouthwhohasbenefitedfromthe

programsofar.lnOctobertheBanburySchoolpupilwasaccompaniedbyYoungInspirationsstaff

toPariswherehewasanobserverattheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCultural

Organization's(UNESCO)InternationalYouthForum.

Theeventwasheldforyoungpeoplefromaroundtheworld,toseektheirviewsonhowthe

futureofyouthandeducationshouldlook.Kieranjoinedseveralhundredobserversmostlyin

their20sandwastheonlyUKschoolpupiltoattendtheevent.Kieranthinksthetripwasalife

changingexperience/BeforeweleftIdidn'tquiteknowv/hattomakeofitbutwhenwegot

therewedidn'tstopjtwasamazing/hesaid/Wewenttothreeorfourhoursofdebateseachday

andthendidsomethingculturaleachafternoon//

Themainthemeoftheforumwashowyouthcandrivechangeinpoliticalandpubliclife.ltdealt

withissuessuchasdrugabuse,violenceandunemployment.

Kieransaid/lthasreallyhelpedmetoimprovemyconfidenceandsocialskillsaswellasmy

schoolgradesandIwasvotedmostimprovedpupilatschoolinAugust/

TheYoungInspirationsmentoringsessionstakeplaceeachFridayinBanbury.Fordetailsvisit

.

Accordingtothepassage,theforumfocusedonhowyouthcan().

A.builduptheirconfidenceatschool

B.findworkexperienceopportunities

C.improvetheirsocialskillsforthefuture

D.playanactiveroleinthechangeofsociety

11、资料：It'salmostconsideredsacrilegioustodaytoleaveworkattheendofyourworkdayor

(forshamel)onaFridayandsimplynotcheckyouremailuntilyoureturntheofficeduring

normalworkinghours.

Theconstantneedtocheckemailisthetrade-offthemodernworkforcehasmadeforthecbility

toworkanytime,anywhere,thankstosmartphonesandtabletsthatkeepusalwaysconnected.

Butthreeuniversityresearchershavefoundthatit'snotjustdoingabitofworkafterhoursthat

causeburnout.Thetrueculpritisactuallytheconstantworryingaboutoff-houremail.

Anewstudy"ExhaustedButUnabletoDisconnect."byLehighUniversity'sLiubaBelkin,Virginia

Tech'sWilliamBeckerandColoradoStateUniversity'sSamanthaConroyshowsthatemployees

aregrowingexhaustedbytheexpectationthattheywillalwaysbeavailable,neverknowingwhat

kindofworkrequestswillaskedofthemoffhours.

Typically,companiesdon'tmeantostressemployeesoutlikethat.Mostcompaniesdon'thave

formalpoliciesthatsaypeoplemustanswerworkemailsafter-hours.(expect,perhaps,incases

whereanemployeeisoncallduringspecifictimes).

Butpoliciesandculturetendtobetwodifferentthings.Ifsupervisorsroutinelyemailemployee

afterhoursandexpectafastresponse(oftenbecausetheirsupervisorsaredoingthesameto

them),thenthemessageisclear:wheneverthebossemails,theemployeeisexpectedtobe

available.

Thesolutionisforbossestotellemployeesthatanafter-hoursemaildoesn'tnecessarilyrequire

aresponsebeforethenextworkday,andtoalsosetsometimeswhenafter-hoursemailingis

consideredacceptableandprohibited,suchasnoemailsviathedinnerhour,onweekends,or

after10p.m,theresearcherssay.

Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraph?

A.It'sshameifyoucheckyouremailallthetime

B.Theemployeesarewillingtoleaveworkattheenddayoftheworkday

C.Theemployeesareexpectedtoansweremailsalthoughit'snotworkingtime

D.Workemailistheessentialpartinworker'sdailylife

12、Fossilfuelsareandwillbestillforatleastthenexttwo-threedecadesatrelatively

lowcosts.

A.productive

B.convenient

C.renewable

0.available

13、Passage10

Withsomuchfocusonchildren'suseofscreens,it'seasyforparentstoforgetabouttheirown

screenuse/'Techisdesignedtoreallysuckonyouin/saysJennyRadeskyinherstudyofdigital

play/anddigitalproductsaretheretopromotemaximalengagement.ltmakesithardto

disengage,andleadstoalotofbleed-overintothefamilyroutine//

Radeskyhasstudiedtheuseofmobilephonesandtabletsatmealtimesbygivingmother-child

pairsafood-testingexercise.Shefoundthatmotherswhosueddevicesduringtheexercise

started20percentfewerverbaland39percentfewernonverbalinteractionswiththeir

children.Duringaseparateobservation,shesawthatphonesbecameasourceoftensioninthe

family.Parentswouldbelookingattheiremailswhilethechildrenwouldbemakingexcitecbids

fortheirattention.

Infantsarewiredtolookatparents/facestotrytounderstandtheirworld,andifthosefacesare

blankandunresponsive—astheyoftenarewhenabsorbedinadevice—itcanbeextremely

disconcertingforthechildren.Radeskycitesthez/stillfaceexperimentz,devisedbydevelopmental

psychologistEdTronickinthe1970s.Init,amotherisaskedtointeractwithherchildinanormal

waybeforeputtingonablankexpressionandnotgivingthemanyvisualsocialfeedback;Thechild

becomesincreasinglydistressedasshetriestocapturehermother'sattention/Parentsdon't

havetobeexquisitelyparentsatalltimes,butthereneedstobeabalanceandparentsneedtobe

responsiveandsensitivetoachild'sverbalornonverbalexpressionsofanemotionalneed/says

Radesky.

Ontheotherhand,Tronickhimselfisconcernedthattheworriesaboutkids'useofscreensare

bornoutofanz/oppressiveideologythatdemandsthatparentsshouldalwaysbeinteracting'with

theirchildren:"lt'sbasedonasomewhatfantasized,verywhite,veryupper-middle-classideology

thatsaysifyou'refailingtoexposeyourchildto30,000wordsyouareneglectingthem/Tronick

believesthatjustbecauseachildisn'tlearningfromthescreendoesn'tmeanthere'snovalueto

it—particularlyifitgivesparentstimetohaveashower,d。houseworkorsimplyhaveabreak

fromtheirchild.Parents,hesays,cangetalotoutofusingtheirdevicestospeaktoafriendorget

someworkoutoftheway.Thiscanmakethemfeelhappier,whichletsthenbemoreavailableto

theirchildtherestofthetime.

Radesky'sfood-testingexerciseshowsthatmothers'useofdevices().

A.takesawaybabieszappetite

B.distractschildren'sattention

C.slowsdownbabieszverbaldevelopment

0.reducesmother-childcommunication

14、在下列有关账项核对中，不属于账账核对的内容是()。

A.银行存款日记账余额与其总账余额的核对

B.银行存款日记余额与银行对账单余额的核对

C.总账账户借方发生额合计数与明细借方发生额合计数的核对

D.总账账户贷方发生额合计数与明细贷方发生额合计数的核对

15、关于同业拆借，以下叙述正确的是()。

A.拆借双方仅限于商业银行

B.拆入资金只能用于发放流动资金贷款

C.隔夜拆借•般不需要抵押

D.拆借利率由中央银行预先规定

16、Today,WichnerIndustriesannouncedthatit()openinganofficeinKualaLumpurto

coordinateitsoverseas.

A.been

B.isbeing

C.willbe

D.be

17、资格I■:Themarketisaconcept.Ifyouaregrowingtomatoesinyourbackyardforsaleyouare

producingforthemarket.Youmightsellsometoyourneighborandsometothelocalmanager

ofthesupermarket.Butineithercase,youareproducingforthemarket.Youreffortsarebeing

directedbythemarket.Ifpeoplestopbuyingtomatoes,youwillstopproducingthem.

Ifyoutakecareofasickpersontoearnmoney,youareproducingforthemarket.Ifyourfatheris

asteelworkeroratruckdriveroradoctororagrocer,heisproducinggoodsorservicefcrthe

market.

Whenyouspendyourincome,youarebuyingthingsfromthemarket.Youmayspendmoreyin

stores,supermarkets,gasstationsandrestaurants.Stillyouarebuyingfromthemarket.When

thelocalgrocerhiresyoutodrivethedeliverytruck,heisbuyingyourlaborinthelabormarket.

Themarketmaybesomethingabstract.Butforeachpersonorbusinessthatismakingandselling

something,itisveryconcrete.Ifnobodybuysyourtomatoes,itwon/tbelongbeforeyougetthe

message.Themarketistellingyousomething.Itistellingyouthatyouareusingenergiesand

resourcesindoingsomethingthemarketdoesn'twantyoutodo.

Youarebuyingfromthemarketwhenyou.

A.borrowabookfromthelibrary

B.lookafteryourchildren

C.drivetotheseasideforaholiday

D.dineatarestaurant

18、资料：Whenaconsumerfindsthatanitemsheorheboughtisfaultyorinsomeothe'way

doesnotliveuptothemanufacturer'sclaims,thefirststepistopresentthewarranty,crany

otherrecordswhichmighthelp,atthestoreofpurchase.Inmostcases,thisactionwillproduce

results.However,ifitdoesnot,therearevariousmeanstheconsumermayusetogain

satisfactionAsimpleandcommonmethodusedbymanyconsumersistocomplaindirectlyto

thestoremanager.Ingeneral,the“higherup“hisorhercomplaint,thefasterheorshecan

expectittobesettled.Insuchacase,itisusuallysettledintheconsumer'sfavor,assuminghe

orshehasajustclaim.

Consumersshouldcomplaininpersonwheneverpossible,butiftheycannotgettotheplaceof

purchase,itisacceptabletophoneorwritethecomplaintinaletter.

Complainingisusuallymosteffectivewhenitisdonepolitelybutfirmly,andespeciallywhen

theconsumercandemonstratewhatiswrongwiththeiteminquestionIfthiscannotbedone,

theconsumerwillsucceedbestbypresentingspecificinformationastowhatiswrong.rather

thanbymakinggeneralstatements.Forexample,“Theleftspeakerdoesnotworkatallandthe

soundcomingoutoftherightoneisunclear“isbetterthan“Thisstereodoesnotwork*The

storemanagermayadvicetheconsumertowritetothemanufacturer.Ifso,theconsumer

shoulddothis,statingthecomplaintaspolitelyandfirmlyaspossible.Ifapolitecomplaintdoes

notachievethedesiredresult,theconsumercangotoastepfurther.Sheorhecanthreatento

takethesellertocourtorreportthesellertoaprivateorpublicorganizationresponsiblefor

protectingconsumer'srights.

Whatwillhelpmakethecomplaintmoreeffective?Choose:heanswerthatisINCORRECT.

A.Demonstratetheproblemspecifically

B.Doitpolitelybutfirmly

C.Doitinperson

D.Makegeneralstatementsfirst

19、分贝是用来表示声音强弱的单位，根据我国城市环境噪声标准规定，以居住、文教机关

为主的区域为一类区，适用这一类区的环境噪声标准是

A.白天55分贝,夜间40分贝

B白天55分贝,夜间45分贝

C.白天60分贝,夜间50分贝

D白天60分贝,夜间55分贝

20、对结账日后（）个工作日止仍未兑现的大额支票以及其他已签发一个月以上的未兑现支票,

应审查其发生的原因。

A.5

D.1O

C.15

D.20

21、十进制数250转换成二进制整数是（）。

A.01101010

B.01101000

C.11111010

D.01100110

22、我国商业银行的核心资本包括（）。

A.实收资本、资本公积、盈余公积、未分配利润

B.实收资本、资本公积、呆账准备金、长期债务

C.实收资本、未收资本、重估资本、未分配利润

D.资本净值、资本盈余、未分配利润、呆账准备金

23、IfEnglishmeansendlessnewwords,difficultgrammarandsometimesstrangepronunciation,

youarewrong.Haven'tyounoticedthatyouhavebecomesmartersinceyoustartedtolearna

language?

AccordingtoanewstudybyaBritishuniversity,learningasecondlanguagecanlead：oan

increaseinyourbrainpower,Researchersfoundthatlearningotherlanguageschangesgrey

matter.Thisistheareaofthebrainwhichprocessesinformation.Itissimilartothewaythat

exercisebuildsmuscles.

Thestudyalsofoundtheeffectisgreater,theyoungerpeoplelearnasecondlanguage.

AteamledbyDrAndreaMechelli,fromUniversityCollegeLondon,tookagroupofBritonswho

onlyspokeEnglish.Theywerecomparedwithagroupof^earlybilinguals//whohadlearntasecond

languagebeforetheageoffive,aswellasanumberoflaterlearners.

Scansshowedthatgreymalterdensity(密度)inthebrainwasgreaterinbilingualsthaninpeople

withoutasecondlanguage.Butthelongerapersonwaitedbeforemasteringanewlanguage,the

smallerthedifference.

“Ourfindingssuggestthatthestructureofthebrainischangedbytheexperienceoflearninga

secondlanguage,“saidthescientists.

Itmeansthatthechangeitselfincreasestheabilitytolearn.

ProfessorDylanVaughanJonesoftheUniversityofWaleshasresearchedthelinkbetween

bilingualismandmathsskills/Havingtwolanguagesgivesyoutwowindowsontheworldand

makesthebrainmoreflexible,“hesaid/'Youareactuallygoingbeyondlanguageandhavea

betterunderstandingofdifferentideas.”

ThefindingswerematchedinastudyofnativeItalianspeakerswhohadlearnedEnglishasa

secondlanguagebetweentheagesof2and34,Reading,writing,andcomprehensionwereall

tested.Theresultsshowed,thattheyoungertheystartedtolearn,thebetter/Studymga

languagemeansyougetanentrancetoanotherworld,“explainedthescientists.

Theunderlinedword^bilinguals^inParagraph4probablymeans().

A.peoplewhocanspeaktwolanguages

B.secondlanguagelearners

C.researchersonlanguagelearning

D.activelanguagelearners

24、行政法的调整对象是（）（＞

A.行政法律关系

B.社会关系

C.行政关系和行政监督关系

D.行政法律规范

25、资料：WordofMouthpromotionisbasedontheprincipleofpullmarketing.

Wordofmouth(.WOM)promotionisbasedontheprincipleofpullmarketing.Itreliesonthe

transmissionofapositivemarketingmessagefrompersontopersonthroughconversationora

personalcommunicationsuchasemailortextmessage.Pullmarketinggetsconsumerstobring

otherconsumerstotheproduct.Incontrast,pushmarketingusesabove-the-linepromotional

techniquestoputproductsinfrontofconsumersinordertcgeneratesales.

RedBullextensivelyusespullmarketing.Thisapproachinvolvesgettingconsumersexcitedabout

theproductandconveyingthisexcitementtotheirfamilyandfriends.Itisalsoabouttryingto

getcoverageofRedBulleventsinthepress.Thiscoveragecanencourageconsumerstofindout

moreabouttheproduct.Ithelpstogeneratemomentum,tnroughcreatinginterestingstoriesfor

peopletotalkabout,whichinturnhelptocreatebrandawarenessandgrowsales.

ThefounderofRedBullusedpullmarketingtopromotehisoriginalproductinthe1980s.He

hiredaRedBullWingsTeamtogooutandtalktopeopleone-to-oneabouttheproductThis

helpstocreateconsumerinterestintheproduct.Aspeopleexperiencethedrinkandappreciate

itsqualities,theybecomeadvocatesforthebrand.Theysharetheiropinionswithother

consumerswhentheytalkwithfriends.Thepromotionthereforecreatesarippleeffect.

Whatmaydiscouragetheconsumerstointroducetheproducttoothers?

A.thatthecustomersdon'；enjoythedrink

B.thatthecampaignismaderegularly

C.thatthecustomersalwaysseethecoverageofthecompanyinmagazines

D.allabove

26、由于挤兑风波导致商业银行倒闭的风险属于(

A.国家风险

B.流动性风险

C.法律风险

D.操作风险

27、资料：Italy'snextgovernment,acoalitionbetweenthepopulistFiveStarMovementandthe

far-rightNorthernLeague；isgivinginvestorsplentytoworryabout.Leakedplans,hastily

abandoned,suggesteditnightwanttoleavetheeuroorasktheEuropeanCentralBankto

forgive€250bn($292bn)ofItaliandebt.Butlessattentionhasbeenpaidtowhatitmightmean

forItalianbanks,andinparticularfortheirbiggestburden:non-performingloans(NPLs).Over

€185bnofNPLswereoutstandingattheendof2017,themostforanycountryintheEuropean

Union.(1)

DycomparisonwithGreecewhereNPLsare45%ofloans,Italylooksmanageablewithjust11.1%.

Andithasmadeprogress:inlate2015NPLswere16.8%ofloans.Butanywildpolicylurches

wouldputthatprogressinquestion.Theclean-upofbanks'bookshasreliedonopennessto

foreigninvestors.HugevolumesofNPLs(€37bnin2016andover€47bnin2017,accordingto

Deloitte,aconsultancy)havebeensoldbybanks,oftentospecialistAmericanhedgefundslike

CerberusCapitalManagementorFortress.(2)

Theseso-calledvulturefundsmayfindlifeharderunderthenewgovernment.Giventhe

importanceofbeingabletorepossessthecollateralforsecuredloans,NPLinvestorshavebeen

takenabackbyaproposaltopreventanyactionagainstadebtorwithouttheinvolvementofa

court.Thiswouldruncountertoeffortstoincreasetheuseofout-of-courtsettlementfor

collateralacrosstheEU.(3)

ThefutureofGACS,aschemeforprovidinganItaliangovernmentguaranteetothesenior

tranchesofNPLsecuritisations(withtheEU'sblessing),isalsoinquestion.Despiteaslowstart

in2016,ithascometoplayalargerole.AnNPLsalelastyearbyUniCredit,alargebank,

worth€l7.7bn,wassubjecttothescheme.Another€38bn-worhofItalianNPLdealsinprogress

willbetoo,accordingtoDebtwire,anewsservice.ButinvestorsnowworrythatGACSwillnotbe

renewedonceitexpires失效inSeptember,contrarytopreviousplans.(4)

EuropeanregulatorshavemadeaconcertedefforttodealwithNPLs.InMarchtheEuropean

Commissionproposedlawstomakecross-borderoperationseasierfordebt(5)

Marketshavedeepenedintandem.Aswellasthespecialistfundsdoinglargedeals,moreoptions

fortradingNPLshaveemerged.OneexampleisDebitos,atradingplatformthatstartedin

GermanyandthatallowsinvestorstotradeinNPLsfrom11Europeancountries,includingItaly

andGreece.Mostofitssalesarebetween€50mand€200nandinterestoftencomesfromlocal

investors,saysTimur