专题J803动词的四种基础时态（语法复习）（原卷版）

专题J803四大基础时态暑假自习提升（译林版2024）内容提要考点速览思维导图，把握考点框架精讲精练讲练结合，梳理关键考点难点突破突出重难点，提升能力真题演练感受真题，全面突破考点一：一般现在时核心知识梳理1.句式结构obe型：主语+am/is/are+表语（如：Sheisastudent.）。o实义动词型：主语+动词原形（非第三人称）/第三人称单数（如：Theyplayfootball;Heplaysfootball.）。2.用法o表经常性、习惯性动作（如：a.m.waysgetupat6a.m.）。o表客观真理或自然现象（如：Theearthmovesaroundthesun.）。o在时间/条件状语从句中表将来（如：Ifitrains,wewillstayathome.）。o表按计划安排的动作（仅适用于start/leave等瞬间动词，如：Thetrainleavesat8:00.）。3.标志词always,usually,often,sometimes,everyday/week,onceaweek等。4.动词第三人称单数变化规则o一般情况加s（如：work→works）。o以s/x/sh/ch/o结尾加es（如：watch→watches,do→does）。o辅音字母+y结尾变y为i加es（如：carry→carries）。对点练习1.题目：Peopleinourtown__________abigfamily.Everyonereally_________livinginaplacelikethat.A.arelike;likesB.like;likesC.arelike;likeD.like;islike2.题目：He________Beijingnow.A.don’tliveinB.doesn’tliveinC.don’tlivesinD.doesn’tlivesin3.题目：Theradiosaysitisa________daytoday.A.rainB.rainyC.rainingD.rains4.题目：—Howmuch______thatpairoftrainers

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499yuan.A.does;spend;It’sB.do;spend;They’reC.does;cost;It’sD.do;cost;They’re5.题目：Asweallknow,theYangtzeRiver________asa“motherriver”oftheChinesenation.A.knowsB.knewC.isknownD.wasknown考点二：现在进行时核心知识梳理1.句式结构主语+am/is/are+现在分词（如：Sheisreadingabook.）。2.用法o表此刻正在进行的动作（如：Listen!Theyaresinging.）。o表现阶段持续的动作（如：Heispreparingfortheexamthesedays.）。o表计划中的将来动作（适用于e/leave等瞬间动词，如：Sheisarrivingtomorrow.）。3.标志词now,atthemoment,look,listen,currently等。4.现在分词变化规则o一般情况加ing（如：work→working）。o以不发音e结尾去e加ing（如：write→writing）。o重读闭音节结尾双写辅音字母加ing（如：run→running,sit→sitting）。对点练习1.题目：—Listen!Who______inthemusicroom?—LilyandLucy.Theyenjoysingingwhenthey______free.A.sing;hasB.issinging;areC.sings;hasD.aresinging;is2.题目：Don’tshout,Tim.Yourfather________atthemoment.A.sleepB.sleepsC.sleepingD.issleeping3.题目：Ican’tdomyhomeworknow.Thechildren________songsnextdoor.A.singsB.issingingC.aresingingD.sing4.题目：—Whereisyourbrother,David?Ican’tfindhim.—Maybehe________photoswithhisfriendsinthegardennow.A.takeB.istakingC.takesD.aretaking5.题目：Look!Mysister________thetable.Let’sgiveherahand.A.setB.setsC.issettingD.wassetting考点三：一般将来时核心知识梳理1.句式结构owill/shall+动词原形（如：Wewillgotothepark.）。obegoingto+动词原形（如：Heisgoingtostudyabroad.）。2.用法o表将来发生的动作（如：TheywilltraveltoBeijingnextweek.）。o表计划、打算（如：Iamgoingtobuyanewbike.）。o表迹象表明的将来（如：Itisgoingtorain.天要下雨了。）。3.标志词tomorrow,nextweek/day,inthefuture,soon,in+时间段等。4.特殊结构therewillbe/thereisgoingtobe（如：Therewillbeameetingtomorrow.）。对点练习1.题目：—Whatareyougoingtodonextweekend?—There__________abasketballmatchnextSunday.Iwanttowatchit.A.willbeB.willhaveC.isgoingtohaveD.aregoingtobe2.题目：—Whyareyouinsuchahurry?—Johniswaitingforme.We___________afootballmatch.A.aregoingtowatchB.watchC.arewatchingD.watched3.题目：There________ashowofsingeronCCTV3ateighttomorrowevening.A.isgoingtohaveB.willhaveC.willgotobeD.isgoingtobe4.题目：—Theradiosaysitisacloudydaytoday.—Yes.Ithinkit________.Whatbadweather!A.rainB.israiningC.isgoingtorainD.willrain5.题目：Lianyungang________the21stJiangsuProvincialGamesin2026.A.hostsB.hostedC.ishostedD.willhost考点四：一般过去时核心知识梳理1.句式结构obe型：主语+was/were+表语（如：Hewasathomeyesterday.）。o实义动词型：主语+动词过去式（如：Theyplayedbasketballlastweek.）。2.用法o表过去发生的动作（如：Sheboughtabookyesterday.）。o表过去经常发生的动作（如：Heoftenwentfishingwhenhewasyoung.）。3.标志词ago,lastweek/day,yesterday,inthepast,justnow,theotherday等。4.动词过去式变化规则o一般情况加ed（如：work→worked）。o以不发音e结尾加d（如：live→lived）。o辅音字母+y结尾变y为i加ed（如：study→studied）。o重读闭音节结尾双写辅音字母加ed（如：stop→stopped）。对点练习1.题目：TomandhisfriendsvisitedHongzeLakeWetland________.A.nextweekB.everySundayC.theotherdayD.tomorrow2.题目：—________youbuyagiftforyourfatheronFather’sDaythisyear?—Ofcourse.Iboughtatieforhimandhe________happywithit.A.Did;isB.Were;wasC.Were;isD.Did;was3.题目：Unluckily,myyoungersister________offabikeand________herleg.A.fell;hurtB.felt;hurtedC.felt;hurtD.falled;hurted4.题目：TheotherdayI________aman.Hetraveledaround80countriesbybike.A.hearofB.heardofC.amhearingofD.willhearof5.题目：—Lookatthesignthere!It________“Nofishing!”—Sorry,I__________noticeit.A.said;don’tB.said;didn’tC.says;didn’tD.says;don’t一、一般现在时难点：三单形式与从句时态混淆1.第三人称单数形式漏加s/es难点表现：学生常忽略主语为第三人称单数时的动词变化，如将“Heworkhard”误写为“work”，正确应为“works”。o规则变化强化：o一般情况加s：work→works，love→loves。o以s/x/sh/ch/o结尾加es：watch→watches，do→does（例：Shedoeshomeworkeveryday）。o辅音字母+y结尾变y为i加es：carry→carries（例：Hecarriesbookstoschool）。o不规则特例记忆：have→has（例：Hehasacat），be→is（例：Sheisateacher）。2.时间/条件从句时态误用难点表现：在“Ifitwillraintomorrow,wewillstayathome”中，误将从句用将来时，正确应为“Ifitrains”。突破要点：o牢记“主将从现”原则：时间（when/until）或条件（if/unless）从句中，主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。o例句强化：oWhenheesback,Iwilltellhimthenews.（他回来时，我会告诉他消息）oUnlessyoustudyhard,youwon’tpasstheexam.（除非你努力学习，否则考不及格）二、现在进行时难点：分词双写规则与功能误解1.重读闭音节分词双写错误难点表现：将“run”的现在分词误写为“runing”，正确应为“running”；“sit”误写为“sitting”时漏双写t。o明确双写条件：“重读闭音节+末尾单个辅音字母”，即“辅元辅”结构且重读。o典型例词分类：o单音节词：run→running（跑），stop→stopping（停止），cut→cutting（切割）。o双音节词（重音在词尾）：begin→beginning（开始），prefer→preferring（更喜欢）。2.进行时表将来的动词选择错误难点表现：误用“Heisdoinghomeworktomorrow”表将来，实际仅瞬间动词可用此结构。突破要点：o仅e/leave/arrive/go/start等瞬间动词可用于“进行时表将来”，表示计划或安排。o例句对比：o正确：Sheisarrivingtomorrow.（她明天到）o错误：Sheisdoinghomeworktomorrow.（×）应改为Shewilldohomeworktomorrow.三、一般将来时难点：will与begoingto的辨析1.“计划”与“推测”的用法混淆难点表现：用“will”表达计划（如Iwillstudytonight），或用“begoingto”表推测（如It’sgoingtorain）时混淆逻辑。obegoingto：表“计划、打算”（主观意图）或“迹象表明”（客观现象）。o例：I’mgoingtolearnpianonextyear.（计划）o例：Lookattheclouds—it’sgoingtorain.（迹象）owill：表“临时决定”或“客观将来”。o例：—Someoneisknocking.—Iwillopenthedoor.（临时决定）2.therebe句型将来时结构错误难点表现：误写为“therewillhaveameeting”，正确应为“therewillbe”或“thereisgoingtobe”。o牢记therebe将来时结构：therewillbe+名词/thereis/aregoingtobe+名词。o例句对比：o正确：Therewillbeapartynextweek.o正确：Thereisgoingtobeafilmtonight.o错误：Therewillhaveaparty.（×）四、一般过去时难点：不规则动词与时间标志遗漏1.不规则动词过去式错记难点表现：将“think”的过去式误写为“thinked”（正确thought），“go”误写为“goed”（正确went）。突破要点：o分类记忆法：oAAA型（原形=过去式=过去分词）：cut→cut→cut（切），let→let→let（让）。oABB型（过去式特殊）：buy→bought（买），bring→brought（带来）。oABC型（三者不同）：do→did→done（做），go→went→gone（去）。o例句强化：oHeboughtabookyesterday.（他昨天买了本书）oTheywenttotheparklastweek.（他们上周去了公园）2.过去时间标志与时态匹配错误难点表现：看到“yesterday”仍用现在时，如“Hebuysacaryesterday”，正确应为“bought”。o熟记过去时标志词：yesterday,lastweek,ago,in2023,theotherday（前几天）等。o句式训练：oLastmonth,shetraveledtoBeijing.（上个月她去了北京）oTwoyearsago,theylivedinthecountryside.（两年前他们住在乡下）中考真题速递1．（2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）DuringGuyu,thetemperatureusually________alotandrainincreases.A．rises B．rose C．isrising D．hasrisen2．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Tomakeourhometownmorebeautiful,we_______manytreesandflowerseveryyear.A．plant B．areplanting C．planted D．wereplanting3．（2023·江苏泰州·中考真题）—Cananyonegivemeanexampleofaneventinthepast?—Ican.________A．ShenzhouXVIwilleback.B．QuanHongchanwonthegoldmedal.C．IamtakingtheEnglishexam.D．Myclassmateisgoingtowatchafilm.4．（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）TheYouthCeremonywasheldsuccessfully!Couldyoutellme________?A．whowillbethehostofit B．inwhichhallwasitheldC．whoseshowmadeyouthemostexcited D．thatyouwereencouragedbythespeech5．（2023·江苏淮安·中考真题）—SuHai,whatwillyoudofortheingFather’sDay?—I________abeautifulcardformyfather.A．design B．designed C．willdesign D．wasdesigning6．（2011·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Ifthereisanychangetotheplan,I_________youassoonaspossible.A．tell B．willtell C．told D．havetold7．（2025·江苏连云港·中考真题）Aspeoplepaymoreandmoreattentiontoculturaltreasures,theindustryofancientbookrepairing________fastinChinanow.A．developed B．wasdeveloping C．isdeveloping D．willdevelop8．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）Look!Mysister________thetable.Let’sgiveherahand.A．set B．sets C．issetting D．wassetting9．（2022·江苏南京·中考真题）—WhereisKate?—Ontheplayground.She_______atthemoment.A．runs B．willrun C．isrunning D．wasrunning10．（2022·江苏泰州·中考真题）COVID19(新冠肺炎)________theworld,andmanypeople’slifechangesalot.A．influenced B．isinfluencing C．isinfluenced D．wasinfluenced名校真题演练SEQa1.（2425七年级下·江苏无锡·期中）Betweenthetwobenchesintheparkoften________ayellowdog.A．lie B．islying C．lies D．arelyingSEQa2.（2425七年级上·江苏常州·期中）—________yourbrotheramemberoftheSwimmingClub?—No.He________likeswimming.A．Does;isn’t B．Does;doesn’t C．Is;doesn’t D．Are,isn’tSEQa3.（2425七年级下·江苏宿迁·期中）—Lookatthedarkclouds.It________inafewminutes.—Ithinkso.We’dbetterwalkfaster.A．willrain B．isgoingtorain C．israining D．willberainySEQa4.（2425七年级下·江苏淮安·期中）—Lookatthesky.It’scloudy.—Ithinkit________soon.A．rains B．israining C．isgoingtorain D．rainedSEQa5.（2425七年级下·江苏泰州·期中）—Areyoufreethisingweekend?I’dlikeyoutogototheparkwithme.—Sorry,I________someimportantmeetings.A．had B．have C．amhaving D．willhaveSEQa6.（2425七年级下·江苏镇江·期中）—Hi,Tom.Areyoufreetomorrow?MrLi________atalkonfutureAI.—Thatsoundsnice!Ithinkwecanlearnalotfromhistalk.A．isgiving B．gives C．willgive D．giveSEQa7.（2425七年级下·江苏连云港·期中）There________afootballmatchinthesportsfieldtomorrow.Let’sgotowatchit!A．is B．aregoingto C．are D．willbeSEQa8.（2425七年级下·江苏宿迁·期中）There________abasketballmatchinourschoolnextSaturday.A．isgoingtohave B．isgoingtobe C．aregoingtobe D．aregoingtohaveSEQa9.（2425七年级下·江苏宿迁·期中）There________abasketballmatchonCCTV5tonight,isn’tthere?A．willhave B．isgoingtohave C．isgoingtobe D．willbeSEQa10.（2425七年级下·江苏连云港·期中）—Whyareyousohappy,Daniel?—Becausethere________abasketballmatchthisevening.A．isgoingtobe B．aregoingtobe C．isgoingtohave D．willhaveSEQa11.（2425七年级下·江苏无锡·期中）—Whyareyouinsuchahurry,Lily?—There________afootballgameinfiveminutesonthefootballfield.A．willhave B．isgoingtohave C．willbe D．isSEQa12.（2425七年级下·江苏泰州·期中）—Whyareyousohappy,Mary?—Becausethere________adragondanceshowinLianxiLakePark(莲溪湖公园)inXinghuaonMayDay.A．willhave B．shallbe C．isgoingtohave D．isgoingtobeSEQa13.（2425七年级下·江苏南京·期中）—Whatareyousavingmoneyfor?—TheSpringFestival________.I________agiftformymother.A．wille;amgoingtobuy B．wille;willbuyC．ising;amgoingtobuy D．ising;willbuySEQa14.（2223七年级下·江苏南京·期中）—Idon’tthinkrobots________theplaceofteachersfiftyyearsfromnow.—Ascienceprofessor________usalectureonrobotsthisafternoon.Youmayaskhimthequestionafterthelecture.A．willtake;gives B．aregoingtotake;gives C．willtake;isgiving D．aregoingtotake;isgivingSEQa15.（2223七年级下·江苏无锡·期中）Mostpeopleinthecity_______thehouses_______this.A．like;like B．likes;likes C．like;likes D．likes;likeSEQa16.（2223七年级下·江苏常州·期中）Becarefulwhenyou__________theroadbecausethereare__________carsandbuseseverymorning.A．across;hundredsof B．across;twohundred C．cross;hundredsof D．cross;twohundredofSEQa17.（2223七年级下·江苏南通·期中）Look!Eachofthestudents________anEnglishbookinthehand.TheyarereadingEnglish.A．ishaving B．have C．has D．arehavingSEQa18.（2223七年级上·江苏盐城·期末）Theshoppingmallnearourschool________for12hoursaday.It________at9:00p.m.A．opens;closes B．opens;isclosed C．isopen;isclose D．isopen;closesSEQa19.（2324七年级上·江苏扬州·期末）—YourpinkTshirt________yourbluetrousersandthey________youverywell.—Thankyou.A．matches,fit B．isfit;match C．matches;arefit D．fits;matchSEQa20.（2122七年级下·江苏泰州·期末）Peopleinourtown__________abigfamily.Everyonereally_________livinginaplace_______that.A．arelike;likes;like B．like;likes;islike C．arelike;like;likes D．like;islike;likesSEQa21.（2223七年级下·江苏南通·期末）—Lookatthesignthere!It________“Nofishing!”—Sorry,I__________noticeit.A．said;don’t B．said;didn’t C．says;didn’t D．says;don’tSEQa22.（2425七年级下·江苏南京·期末）—Grandpa,look!Theriver,thebridge,andtheboats…amazing!—Youfeelthatway?Yourgrandma________thesamething40yearsago.A．say B．says C．said D．willsaySEQa23.（2324七年级下·江苏无锡·期末）—ShallwegotoseethefilmTheGarfieldthisweekend?ItcameoutonJune1st,2024.—Sorry,I________itwithmybrothertheotherday.A．watch B．amwatching C．watched D．willwatchSEQa24.（2324七年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）—Excuseme!Youcan’ttakephotoshere.Lookatthesign.Itsays“NOPHOTOS”.—Sorry,I__________seeit.A．don’t B．didn’t C．won’t D．amgoingtoSEQa25.（2324七年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）TomandhisfriendsvisitedHongzeLakeWetland________.A．nextweek B．everySunday C．theotherday D．tomorrowSEQa26.（2324七年级下·江苏扬州·期末）—Whereisyourhomework,Tom?—I’msorry,MrWhite.I________itathomethismorning.A．leave B．amleaving C．willleave D．leftSEQa27.（2324七年级下·江苏扬州·期末）—_________yourfatheratworkyesterday?—No,hewenttovisitmygrandparentsinthecountryside.A．Does B．Did C．Were D．WasSEQa28.（2324七年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）—________youbuyagiftforyourfatheronFather’sDaythisyear?—Ofcourse.Iboughtatieforhimandhe________happywithit.A．Did;is B．Were;was C．Were;is D．Did;wasSEQa29.（2324七年级下·江苏泰州·期末）Unluckily,myyoungersister________offabikeand________herleg.A．fell;hurt B．felt;hurted C．felt;hurt D．falled;hurtedSEQa30.（2324七年级下·江苏扬州·期末）—IamsorryI________myexercisebookathomethismorning.—Itdoesn’tmatter.A．left B．forgot C．leave D．forgetSEQa31.（2324七年级下·北京海淀·