2026版正禾一本通高三一轮总复习英语（人教版）-主题素养练（十三）

(时间：25分钟满分：32.5分)Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题，每小题2.5分，共20分)A(2025·安徽六校入学素质测试)ThatyoungstersweregluedtoonlinegamesontheirsmartphoneswasagreatconcernforNgurangMeena，aschoolteacherinNirjuli.The30­year­oldsocialscienceteacher，whorantheNgurangLearningInstitute，anadultliteracycentre，saidthatshefeltdisheartenedwhenshereadstudentpapers.“Thegraphofstudentperformanceisfallingeveryyear.ItbreaksmyheartwheneverIseeanswersheets－basicgrammarskillsaremissingandthere'sanabsenceofanycohesive(连贯的)expression.Theylackguidanceandtheirreadingcultureisalmostzero，”Meenasaid.Whenherschoolandthecentresheranhadtocloseduetoaninfectiousdisease，sheplannedtodosomethingtoaddresstheproblem.InspiredbyasimilarproposalinMizoram，Meenasetupabookshelfwitharound80booksaswellassomebenchesonthesideoftheroadinNirjulion30August2020，wherepassers­bycouldspendtimereading.Theselectionsincludedmotivationalbooks，biographiesandnovelsaswellascomicsforyoungchildren.“Ihavetopleasetheminorswithsweetstoattractthemtothebookshelf，butthatisokay，”shelaughed.Meena'sbookshelfbecameahitamongyoungsterswhospenthoursinthereadingcorner.Withintwomonths,hereffortbecamethetalkofthetown.Now，generouscontributionsofbookscomeinfromthepublicandsheisevenreceivingrequeststosetupsuchlibrariesinotherpartsofthestate.Sincethetinylibrariesarefarfromthemaintown，shealsolendsbooksouttothosewhowanttoreadathome.“Ineverthoughtthatthiswouldbecomesuchabiginspiration，”Meenasaid.“Sincechildhood，wehavebeentoldthatbooksareourbestfriends.Thenextgenerationofkidsisfocusedongamesandotherthings.Idon'twantthemtoheadonthewrongtrack，”sheadded.[语篇解读]本文是记叙文。本文主要讲述了一位名叫Meena的女教师为了鼓励孩子们多读书，在路边开设街边读书角的故事。1．What'stheaimofMeena'sreadingprogram?A．Tocareforyoungsterslackinginreading.B．Tohelpadultslearnsomecohesiveexpression.C．TokeepNgurangLearningInstituterunningwell.D．Tohighlighttheimportanceofreadingforadults.A[细节理解题。根据第一段Meena说的话中的“Theylackguidanceandtheirreadingcultureisalmostzero”(他们缺乏指导，并且几乎没有阅读文化)以及第二段中谈到的具体举措“Meenasetupabookshelfwitharound80books...wherepassers­bycouldspendtimereading”(Meena于2020年8月30日在Nirjuli的路边设立了一个书架和一些长椅，书架上有大约80本书，路人可以在那里阅读)可知，Meena的阅读计划目的是照顾那些缺乏阅读条件的年轻人，故选A。A项“为了照顾缺乏阅读的年轻人”；B项“为了帮助成年人学习一些连贯表达”；C项“为了保持NgurangLearningInstitute的良好运转”；D项“为了强调阅读对成年人的重要性”。]2．WhatdidMeenadotoencourageyoungkidstoreadmore?A．Sheofferedsomerewardstothem.B．Sheprovidedthemwithtransportation.C．Shechosenovelswithbeautifulcovers.D．Sheselectedbookscoveringeverycategory.A[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Ihavetopleasetheminorswithsweetstoattractthemtothebookshelf,butthatisokay”(我必须用糖果来取悦未成年人，吸引他们来到书架这里，但这没关系)可知，Meena通过给小孩子一些糖果作为奖励来鼓励他们多读书，故选A。A项“她给了他们一些奖励”；B项“她为他们提供了交通工具”；C项“她选择了封面漂亮的小说”；D项“她选择了涵盖各个类别的图书”。]3．WhichwordscanbestdescribeMeena'slibraries?A．Smallanduseless.B．Influentialandmeaningful.C．Largebutimpractical.D．Widespreadbutunwelcome.B[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Meena'sbookshelfbecameahitamongyoungsterswhospenthoursinthereadingcorner”可知，Meena的书架在年轻人中风靡一时，这些年轻人在读书角花很长时间(阅读)，所以她的图书馆是有意义的；根据第四段中的“generouscontributionsofbookscomeinfromthepublicandsheisevenreceivingrequeststosetupsuchlibrariesinotherpartsofthestate”(公众慷慨地捐献了图书，她甚至收到了在该州其他地区设立此类图书馆的请求)可推知，Meena的路边图书馆得到了广泛的支持与认可。故选B。A项“小而无用”；B项“有影响力且有意义”；C项“大但不实用”；D项“分布广泛但不受欢迎”。]4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Books:SourcesofKnowledgeB．TheRoadsideReadingCornerC．TheLibrary:AnIdealPlacefortheYoungD．NewIdeasaboutSettingaReadingPlanB[主旨大意题。本文围绕Meena开设路边读书角的原因、过程和影响展开。故选B。]Beq\a\vs4\al([新考法：选材＋设题双重关注辩证思维])Atonetime,ourgrowingpopulationwasseenascentraltowildlifeextinction,resourceexhaustion，pollutionandenvironmentaldestruction.Buttoday,ourconcernsshifttodecliningbirthratesduetoincreasedreproductivechoiceforwomen.Thisisapositivedevelopment,butisoftendescribedasa“crisis”inthemedia,highlightingeconomicandseniorcarechallenges.Lostintheconversationarethemanypositiveaspectsofanagingsociety,whichistheresultofpeoplelivinghealthierandlongerlives,andcommon­senserealitieslikethereducedneedforinfrastructure(基础设施)andlowerecologicalimpacts.Alsolostisthefactthatourpopulationstillgrowsby80millionpeopleeveryyear.Andtheconsequencesofhighbirthratesaresevere.Amongthemisglobalwarming.Infact，increasedemissions(排放)frompopulationgrowthhavecanceledoutmorethanthreequartersoftheemissionssavedthroughenergyefficiencyandrenewablesoverthepastthreedecades.Yet,nomatterhowwelldocumentedthelinkisbetweenpopulationandclimate,loweringourpopulationisnotablyabsentfromtheconversationonsolutions.Instead,thefocusisontechnologythatwillsupposedlyallowourentiregrowingpopulationtoenjoytheenergy­intensivelifestylesnowenjoyedbytherich,andwithnoclimateimpacts.But“green”technologyisnotthesolutionitisadvertisedtobe.Itsexpansiontothedegreeneededtopoweragrowingpopulationatadecentstandardoflivingwoulditselfrequireashockinginvestmentinfossil(化石)fuels.Italsorequiresmassiveminingoperations，manyofwhichtakeplaceonthebacksoflow­wageworkersinAfricawhereitisdrivingdestructionofrainforestscriticaltothesurvivalofthegreatapes.Besides,itrequires10timesthelandareaasfossilfuelplantsforthesameamountofenergygenerated.Whenglobalwarmingthreatenstopushbillionsintounsafetemperatures,itisnotimetopanicthatweareaddingfewertothosebillions.Infact,decliningbirthratesshouldbecauseforcelebrationastheysignifyadvancesingenderequalityandareducedburdenonEarth.[语篇解读]本文是议论文。文章从出生率下降的现状、人们对老龄化社会的好处的忽略，高出生率带来的问题以及对“绿色”技术的质疑这几方面，告诉我们低出生率代表着在性别平等方面的进步，并且会减轻地球负担，是值得庆祝的。5．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?A．Theglobalpopulationisdecreasingeveryyear.B．Thebenefitsofanagingsocietyareoverlooked.C．Theecologicalenvironmentisturningforthebetter.D．Themediamakeupmisleadingnewsaboutthepopulation.B[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Lostintheconversationarethemanypositiveaspectsofanagingsociety...lowerecologicalimpacts”可知，在沟通中，老龄化社会的许多积极方面没有被提到，也就是说，人们忽视了老龄化社会的好处，故选B。B项中的overlooked与文中的Lost是同义转换。A项“全球人口每年都在减少”；B项“老龄化社会的好处被忽视了”；C项“生态环境正在好转”；D项“媒体编造了关于人口的误导性新闻”。]6．Whatishighlightedasadisadvantageofhighbirthrates?A．Thereducedinfrastructureneed.B．Challengesinseniorcareservices.C．Aslowdownineconomicgrowth.D．Increasedgreenhousegasemissions.D[细节理解题。根据题干中的“highbirthrates”可以将答案定位在第三段。根据该段中的“Amongthemisglobalwarming.Infact，increasedemissions(排放)frompopulationgrowthhavecanceledout...pastthreedecades”可知，全球变暖是高出生率的严重后果之一，在过去三十年中，人口增长造成的排放量增加已经抵消了通过能源效率和可再生能源所节省的排放量的四分之三以上。也就是说温室气体排放增加。故选D。]7．Whyis“green”technologyquestionedinthetext?A．Itdoesdamagetotheecosystem.B．Itisnotpopulararoundtheworld.C．Itisunaffordableforpoorregions.D．Ithaslittleeffectonreducingpollution.A[细节理解题。根据题干中的“‘green’technology”可以将答案定位在倒数第二段。根据该段中的“Italsorequiresmassiveminingoperations...inAfricawhereitisdrivingdestructionofrainforestscriticaltothesurvivalofthegreatapes”可知，它(“绿色”科技)还需要大规模的采矿作业，其中许多是依靠非洲的低薪工人进行的，而它破坏了那里对类人猿的生存至关重要的热带雨林。也就是说所谓的“绿色”科技对生态系统造成了损害。故选A。A项中的“doesdamage”与原文中的“drivingdestruction”是同义转换。]8．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．AgingSocieties:AGlobalCrisisB．TheMysteryof“Green”TechnologyC．TheTrendofPopulationGrowthD．DecliningBirthRates:AHopefulSignD[标题归纳题。文章第一段引入人们对出生率下降的担忧，第二段介绍了老龄化社会被忽视的好处，第三段谈到高出生率所带来的严重后果之一——温室气体排放增加，第四段引入“绿色”科技这一话题，第五段介绍了“绿色”科技的弊端，最后一段总结并回扣第一段，点明了出生率下降值得庆祝。故D项作为标题最佳。A项“老龄化社会：全球危机”；B项“‘绿色’科技的奥秘”；C项“人口增长趋势”；D项“下降的出生率：一个有希望的迹象”。]Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题，每小题2.5分，共12.5分)(2025·南昌市高三摸底测试)Ineveryculturethroughouttime,thekitchenhashadapowerfulinfluence.Thesimplepracticeofsittingdowntogetheratthetablegivesusthechancetoconnectandcommunicate.1()Itdependsonwhereyoulive,yourage,andotherfactors,buttheansweris,yes.Ourintentionsfor“home”areevolving.2()Fast­pacedlifestylesandworkschedulesmakeithardtofindtimetoshopforgroceriesandpreparemeals.Onlinefooddeliveryserviceshavetakenoff，too.In2016,onein10Chinesewasorderingfoodonline.ThroughoutEurope,onlineorderingiscapturing56percentofthemarketinSwedenand43percentinAustria.InIndia，onlinefoodorderinghadreachedclosetoD|S12m(US)by2023.Whilethereisatrendtowardsbring­inandorder­infood,aswellasdiningout,thekitchenisstillacoreinhomelife.Food&Winecitedasurveyin22countriesaskingaboutcookinghabits.3()AtthelowerendwereSouthKoreans,whospentjust3.7hoursperweekcooking.PeopleinIndiawereatthetopwith13.2hoursperweekspentinthekitchen.Simplybeinginthekitchen,cookingandeatingwithotherpeople,canhavehealthybenefits.Regardlessofitssize,thekitchenisawarmandinvitingplace.4()Thedifferenceis,nowyoucanfollowarecipeonyouriPadwhilecooking.It'struethatimpersonalappliancesareconnectingtoeachotherandtous.Refrigeratorsordervegetables.Cooktophoodswithsensorsturnthemselveson.Whiletechnologyandourexpectationsforthekitchenareshape­shiftinginrealtime,thefundamentalsremainthesame.5()A.Soiscookingawaytoexpressyourself?B．Theglobalaveragewas