Unit2讲义-人教版英语八年级下册

第二讲Unit2I’llhelptocleanthecityparks.单词过关写出下列单词变形1.home__________(adj.)2.different(n.)3.feel(过去式)(n.)4.kind(n.)5.interest/(adj.)6.disabled(adj.能够的)7.satisfy(n.满足)____________(adj.令人满意的)___________(adj.感到满意的)8.own(n.)9.imagine(v.)(n.)10.difficult(n.)11.excite使…兴奋(adj.)(adj.)(n.)12.understand(adj.)(过去式)DetailsReviewDetailsReview1.

The

boy

could

give

out

food

at

the

food

bank.【解析】giveout表示“分发;散发”,是由“动词+副词”构成的短语动词,代词做宾语时要放在短语中间,相当于hand

out。【拓展】由give构成的常见短语动词 ___________捐赠 ___________归还 ___________放弃 ___________发出;放出 ___________屈服 ___________分发【活学活用】1．Ifyoudon’tusetheseschoolthings,youcan______tochildreninneed.A．giveawaythem B．givethemawayC．putupthem D．putthemup2．—Ifind________difficulttolearnEnglishwell.Iwanttodropit.—Englishisveryimportantinourdailylife.Never________.A．this;giveitup B．that;giveupit C．one;giveupit D．it;giveitup3．Thereisnoneed________abouther.Everythingwill________A．worrying;hangout B．toworry;workoutC．toworry;giveout D．worry;helpout2.

We

can't

put

off

makinga

plan.【解析】put

off

表示“推迟;拖延”,是由“动词+副词”构成的短语动词,其后可接名词、代词或动词ing形式做宾语。代词做宾语时,只能放在put和off之间。【拓展】由put构成的常用短语【活学活用】4．Volunteersoften________theleafletstopeopleinthestreets.A．handout B．putout C．runout D．eout5．Manyadvertisementsare_____onthewalls.Itmakesthemlookdirty.Ihopeitwon’thappenagain.A．putdown B．putaway C．putup D．puton6．It’sreportedthattheseawater(海啸)___________alotofthings,suchashouses,carsandsoonwhenthetsunamicame.A．putaway B．threwaway C．washedaway D．tookaway7．Thebossshould________atelephoneinhisoffice,sohisworkerscanreachhimmoreeasily.A．putin B．puton C．putout D．putaway3.

Some

people

even

stop

doing

their

jobs

for

a

few

months

to

a

year

tomove

to

another

place

.【解析】stop

doing

sth.表示“停止做某事”。【辨析】stop

doing

sth.与stop

to

do

sth.stop

doing

sth.stop

to

do

sth.【活学活用】8．Howdidyoumakehim___________?Heistoonoisy.A．stoptalking B．tostoptalking C．stoptotalk D．stoppedtotalk9．—Whydidn’tyouebackontime?—Iwastiredout,soIstoppedthecarontheway_________ashortrest.A．tohave B．had C．have D．having10．Youlooksotired.Whynot________somemusic?A．tostoptolistento B．tostoplisteningtoC．stoptolistento D．stoplisteningto11．Wewereso________bythegirl’sstorythatwecouldn`tstop________.A．move,tocry B．move,cryingC．moved,tocry D．moved,crying4.

I

want

to

travel

alone.【解析】alone副词,意为“独自;单独”,在句中做状语,相当于byoneself.【拓展】alone还可做形容词,意为“独自的；单独的”。【辨析】

alone与lonelyalone副词,“_________”侧重于说明独自一人,强调___________形容词,“_________”lonely形容词,“_________”侧重指因缺少陪伴所产生的一种悲伤的情感,带有浓厚的感情色彩多修饰表示地点的名词形容词,“_________”【活学活用】12．Theoldmanlives______,butheneverfeels______becauseweoftenvisithim.A．alone;alone B．lonely;alone C．lonely;lonely D．alone;lonely13．Youcanfind______islandandanoldmanlivesthere________.A．analone,alone B．alonely,lone C．analone,lonely D．alonely,alone5.Let'smakesomenotices,too.【解析】notice此处用作可数名词,意为“通知；通告”。【例句】Thereisanoticeontheboardsayingtheclasshasbeencanceled.【拓展】notice的其他用法①notice还可用作不可数名词,意为“预告；警告”。Wecan'tchangetheseruleswithoutnotice.②notice还可用作动词,意为“注意到；意识到；留心；看到”。其常用结构为：____________________注意到某人做了某事____________________注意到某人正在做某事【例句】Inoticedhimleavetheclassroom.Henoticedtheboyfollowinghim.【活学活用】17．Tom’smotherwashappywhenshenoticedTom________hishomeworkcarefullyintheroom.A．todo B．does C．doing D．do18.JasonisinterestedinmusicandIoftennoticehim______playingthepianointhemusicroom.A．topractice B．practices C．practice D．practicing19．Let’s________morefriendsto_________thenotices.A．callup;handout B．giveaway;putupC．cheerup;giveup D．takeafter;fixup6.WeneedtoeupwithaplanfortheCityParkCleanUpDay.【解析】eupwith表示“想出；提出(主意、计划、回答等)”,后常接idea、plan、solution、advice等名词,相当于thinkof。【例句】Wemusteupwith/thinkofagoodidea.Hecameupwith/thoughtofanewplanatlast.【拓展】“动词＋upwith”结构的短语______________赶上；追上 ______________跟上；跟紧______________容忍；忍得住 ______________..........结束7.I

get

such

a

strong

feeling

ofsatisfaction

when

I

see

the

animals

getbetterand

the

look

of

joy

on

theirowners'

faces.【解析】satisfaction不可数名词,意为“满足;满意”。【例句】I

heard

the

news

with

much

satisfaction.【拓展】satisfy动词,意为“使满意”;__________形容词,意为“满意的”。常用短语:__________“对...感到满意”。【例句】We

must

satisfythe

people's

needs.

They

were

satisfied

with

the

new

house.【解析】joy不可数名词,意为“高兴；愉快”,常用搭配：________________“令某人高兴的是”。【例句】To

our

joy,

Chinese

team

won

the

football

game

at

last.8.YouhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohaveLucky.【解析】“makeit+形容词(+forsb.)+动词不定式(短语)”是一个固定句型,其中it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语,形容词做宾语补足语。【拓展】类似此用法的动词还有feel、find、

consider、

think

等。【活学活用】22．TheInternetmakes_____possibleforustogeteducationanywhereandanytime.Ait Bthat CthisD.them9.

...but

many

people

have

these

difficulties.

【解析】difficulty可数名词,意为“困难；难题”,其复数形式需要变y为i再加es。【拓展】difficulty表示抽象意义上的“困难”时是不可数名词,常用结构:

__________________________“

做某事有困难”;____________________________“做某事毫无难度”。【活学活用】23．—Wemayhavetroubleinfinishingtheproject(项目).—Don’tworry.Difficultiescanalways________thebestinus.A．findout B．bringout C．takeout24．—Howmuchdifficultydidyouhave________thisproblem?—________.It’squiteeasy.A．tosolve;NothingB．tosolve;NoneC．solving;None D．solving;Nothing25．Althoughthedeaf_________alotof_________municatingwithothers,theyalwaystrytheirbesttomakethemselvesunderstood.A．have,problemB．have,difficultyC．has,trouble D．has,questions10....I'monlyabletohavea“doghelper”becauseofyourkindness!【解析】kindness不可数名词,意为“仁慈；善良”。【拓展】“形容词+ness”构成的名词还有:goodgoodness(善良)happyhappiness(幸福)illillness(疾病)11.LuckyisverycleverandunderstandsmanyEnglishwords.【解析】understand动词,意为“理解;领会;明白”,其过去式为__________。常用搭配:makeoneselfunderstood“让别人理解自已(所说的)”。【例句】Atlastheunderstoodtheinstructions.Heistryingtomakehimselfunderstood.【活学活用】26.．—Victor,couldyoupleasespeakmoreslowly__________everyonecanunderstandyou.—OK,Iwill.A．Inorderto B．sothat C．soasto D．so...that27．Whendoingsomereading,manystudentsfindithardtounderstandsomesentences________therearefewnewwordsinthem.A．because B．if C．but D．though28．Thetextwas___difficult___noneofuscouldunderstandit.A．so,that B．very,that C．too,that12.

Or

imagine

you

can't

walk

or

use

your

hands

easily.【解析】imagine动词,意为“想象;设想”。其后可接名词、代词动词ing形式或宾语从句。【例句】We

can

hardly

imagine

life

without

electric

lights.Did

you

imagine

being

a

pilot?【活学活用】30．Youcan’t______howexcitedwewerewhenMissBlackagreedtohaveapicnicwithus.A．imagine B．expect C．decide D．notice31．Imagine________thepianoonthegrass,andthebirdsaresingingandthebutterfliesaredancing!A．play B．plays C．toplay D．playingGrammarGrammar动词不定式【概述】动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种形式,通常由“________________”构成。其中to是动词不定式符号,在有些情况下可以省略。动词不定式的否定形式为:______________________.【例句】Mr.Litoldmetolistencarefullyinclass.PleasetellJimnottoelatenexttime.【动词不定式在句中可以用作宾语、宾语补足语、状语、主语、定语、表语等,没有人称和数的变化】功能示例做宾语：want、decide、hope、ask、agree、choose、learn、plan、need、expect、refuse等动词后常接不定式做宾语(动词不定式符号to不可以省略)TonywantstofindajobasateacherinChina.Idecidedtohelpthehomelesspeople.做宾语补足语：此时可以是带to的不定式,也可以是不带to的不定式,这主要取决于谓语动词HeaskedmetohelphimwithhisEnglish.Herwordsmademefeelhappy.做状语：动词不定式做状语表示目的、结果或原因HecametoBeijingtohaveameeting.Heistooyoungtolookafterhimself.做主语：动词不定式做主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式;为了避免句子头重脚轻,常用it做形式主语Togiveisbetterthantotake。It'snecessaryforustolearnEnglishwell.做定语：此时,要放在它所修饰的名词或代词后Heisthefirstmantowalkonthemoon.做表语：动词不定式做表语,一般表示具体的动作或说明主语的内容、性质、特征等Herjobwastolookafterthesickboy.Hiswishistobeapoliceman.【拓展】①跟不带to

的不定式做宾语补足语的动间主要有感官动词(see/

feel/watch/hear)和使役动词(let/make/have)等。【例句】I

saw

the

teacherget

out.They

made

the

children

work

12

hours

a

day.②动词不定式可以和疑问词what、which、who、

how、when、

where中连用，构成不定式短语,在句子中做主语、宾语、表语等成分,在做宾语时往往可以改写成宾语从句。【例句】I

don't

know

what

to

do

next.

=I

don't

know

what

I

should

do

next.HomeworkHomework、出门考姓名得分IwasonceavolunteerinavillageinEngland.Itwasquitedifferent11myhomeinSweden.Jane,oneofthevolunteersfromTanzania,hadafriendwhowasverypoor.She12allherpocketmoneytohelpherfriend.Itmeantthatshedidn’thavemuchfoodtoeat,andshehadnomoneytogoanywhereoutsidethevillageorbuyanyclothes.IwassomovedandIthoughtIhadtodo13,too.SowhenIboughtfoodoneday,I14tobuyhersomerice.Istarted15tothewoman（namedGloriawhowasalsoavolunteer）intheshopaboutmyfriendJane.Thewomanlookedatme,beingsurprised.“Doessheeatnoodles?”sheasked.“Yes,”Ireplied.Sheimmediatelystarted16abagwithnoodles,cookies,sweetsandotherthingsuntilthebagwasfull.“Giveherthisforme.”Icouldn’tbelieve17butcriedhappily.ImaginethelookonJane’sfacewhenIgaveherthe18!Shewassohappy.Afewweekslater,shemetGloriaintheshopand19herverymuch.Thesetwowonderfulwomenreallyshowedme20truekindnessis.Andtheimpression（印象）willbekeptinmymindfortherestofmylife!11．A．at B．on C．in D．from12．A．planned B．sent C．carried D．brought13．A．anything B．nothing C．something D．everything14．A．decided B．hated C．served D．enjoyed15．A．laughing B．answering C．telling D．talking16．A．filling B．taking C．buying D．selling17．A．them