2025年全国英语等级考试（PETS）三级历年参考题库含答案详解(5套)

2025年全国英语等级考试（PETS）三级历年参考题库含答案详解(5套)2025年全国英语等级考试（PETS）三级历年参考题库含答案详解(篇1)【题干1】Whenwetalkaboutthepresentperfecttense,itusuallyindicatesanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresentorhasaconnectionwiththepresent.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisanexampleofthisusage?【选项】A.ShevisitedParislastyear.B.ShehasbeenvisitingParissince2020.C.TheywillvisitParisnextmonth.D.Parisisvisitedbymanytourists.【参考答案】B【详细解析】正确答案为B项。现在完成进行时（havebeen+V-ing）强调动作从过去持续到现在，或与现在有关联。A项为一般过去时，C项为将来时，D项为被动语态的一般现在时，均不符合题干描述的时态特征。【题干2】Choosethesentencethatcorrectlyusesanon-finiteverb.【选项】A.Afterfinishingthereport,Isentittomyboss.B.Iwanttoknowwhereyouare.C.Shesuggestedthathestudyharder.D.ThebookwhichIreadwasinteresting.【参考答案】B【详细解析】B项“wanttoknow”为非谓语动词不定式作宾语，符合非谓语动词的典型用法。A项“finishing”为动名词作状语，C项“study”为从句中的谓语动词，D项“read”为定语从句中的谓语动词，均非非谓语动词作宾语的结构。【题干3】IfIwereyou,Iwouldgotothelibrarytoborrowsomebooks.Thissentenceisanexampleofwhichgrammarpoint?【选项】A.Conditionaltype1B.Conditionaltype2C.MixedconditionalD.Hypotheticalstatement【参考答案】D【详细解析】此句使用“were”虚拟语气表达与现在事实相反的假设，属于虚拟语气（Hypotheticalstatement）。A项为与过去事实相反（IfIhadgone...），B项为与现在或将来事实相反（IfIweretogo...），C项为混合条件句（涉及不同时间），均不符合语境。【题干4】TheteacherassignedusatasktoprepareapresentationonclimatechangenextMonday.Whichprepositionisusedcorrectly?【选项】A.forB.withC.atD.in【参考答案】A【详细解析】固定搭配“assignatasktosbfor+time”表示为某人布置任务并限定完成时间。B项“with”需接任务内容（如“ataskwithdata”），C项“at”需接具体时间点（如“at3o'clock”），D项“in”多用于学科领域（如“acourseinphysics”）。【题干5】Whichsentenceisgrammaticallyincorrect?【选项】A.Thestudentswhopassedtheexamreceivedcertificates.B.Themeetingwhenwediscussedtheprojectwasimportant.C.IboughtabookwhereIfoundusefulinformation.D.Theproblemhowtoimproveefficiencyneedssolving.【参考答案】D【详细解析】D项“how”引导的定语从句修饰“problem”，但“how”在从句中需引导名词性从句（即“howtosolve”），此处应改为“thathowtoimproveefficiency”。其他选项均符合关系代词用法：A项用“who”指人，B项用“when”指时间，C项用“where”指地点。【题干6】Theresearchfindingssuggestthatregularexercisecansignificantlyreducetheriskofheartdisease.Whatisthefunctionoftheunderlinedphrase"regularexercise"?【选项】A.SubjectcomplementB.AppositiveC.PrepositionalphraseD.Infinitivephrase【参考答案】A【详细解析】“regularexercise”在从句中作主语补足语（Subjectcomplement），补充说明主语“findings”的具体内容。B项为同位语（如“Thestudy,whichwaspublishedlastyear,is...”），C项需接介词（如“theriskofheartdisease”），D项以“to”开头（如“toreducetherisk”）。【题干7】Choosethesentencethatusesthecorrectcomparativedegree.【选项】A.Thiscarismoreexpensivethanthatone.B.Shesingsbetterthanhersisterdoes.C.Noonehasreadmorebooksthanhehas.D.ThemoviewasmoreinterestingthanIexpected.【参考答案】C【详细解析】C项“thanhehas”为现在完成比较级，强调过去持续到现在的比较。A项为一般比较级（静态比较），B项为现在比较级（含情态动词“does”），D项为一般比较级（与预期比较）。需注意“noone”后接完成比较级时省略“has”（如“nooneistallerthanhim”）。【题干8】Whichsentenceisanexampleofapassivevoicesentence?【选项】A.Thebookwaswrittenbythefamousauthor.B.ThestudentsarestudyingEnglishnow.C.Shesuggestedthathecallhisteacher.D.Weshouldprotecttheenvironment.【参考答案】A【详细解析】A项被动语态结构为“be+过去分词+by+主语”，强调动作承受者。B项为主动语态一般现在进行时，C项为建议的宾语从句，D项为祈使句。被动语态常用于客观描述或强调动作对象。【题干9】Choosethesentencethatusesthecorrectphrasalverb.【选项】A.Shedependsonherparentsforfinancialsupport.B.Theyconsistofthreemembers.C.Themeetingwasadjourneduntilnextweek.D.Theprojectisinthepipeline.【参考答案】C【详细解析】C项“adjourn”为固定搭配“adjournthemeeting”，意为暂停会议。A项“dependon”正确（依赖），B项“consistof”正确（由...组成），D项“inthepipeline”正确（正在处理中）。需注意“adjourn”后接“until”表暂停至某时间。【题干10】Whichsentenceisanexampleofinversionstructure?【选项】A.NeverhaveIseensuchabeautifulsunset.B.Hardlydidhenoticethemistake.C.Onlyinthelibrarycanyoufindrarebooks.D.Shehasbeenstudyingforthreehours.【参考答案】C【详细解析】C项“Only+状语+can/might/may+主语”为倒装结构，强调条件。A项为Never引导的倒装（NeverhaveI...），B项为Hardly引导的倒装（Hardlydidhe...），D项为一般现在完成进行时。需注意“only”位于句首时，表语或状语需倒装。【题干11】Whichsentenceisgrammaticallyincorrect?【选项】A.Thedatacollectedfromthesurveyareanalyzedbytheteam.B.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherwaspresent.C.Suchproblemsastheseshouldbesolvedimmediately.D.ThebookwhichIborrowedyesterdayisinteresting.【参考答案】B【详细解析】B项“neither...nor”连接的两个并列主语需保持语法一致，此处“students”为复数，但“teacher”为单数，应改为“northeteacherswerepresent”。其他选项均正确：A项主谓一致（data为复数），C项“such...as”结构，D项关系代词“which”指代单数。【题干12】Choosethesentencethatusesthecorrectconjunction.【选项】A.Althoughitrained,thematchwentaheadasscheduled.B.Notonlydidhepasstheexam,buthealsogotthehighestscore.C.Becauseshewaslate,themeetingstartedlater.D.WhileIagreewithyouropinion,Ithinktherearesomelimitations.【参考答案】B【详细解析】B项“notonly...but(also)”为并列连词，连接两个并列谓语（“didhepass”和“got”），需用倒装结构。A项“although”引导让步状语从句，C项“because”引导原因状语从句，D项“while”引导让步状语从句。需注意“notonly”位于句首时，主句需倒装（如“Notonlydidhepass...”）。【题干13】Whichsentenceisanexampleofamixedconditionalsentence?【选项】A.IfIhadtime,Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld.B.Shouldtheproblemoccuragain,wewilltakefurtheraction.C.Ifshestudieshard,shewillpasstheexam.D.Wheneverwemeet,wetalkabouttheproject.【参考答案】B【详细解析】B项“should+主语+动词原形”为条件从句中的虚拟语气（虚拟条件句），主句用“wewill”表示将来事实，属于混合条件（过去或现在假设，未来结果）。A项为与过去事实相反（If+过去完成时），C项为与现在/将来事实相反（If+现在时），D项为时间状语从句。【题干14】Choosethesentencethatusesthecorrectparticipleclause.【选项】A.Thegirlsittingbythewindowismysister.B.Afterfinishinghishomework,Tomwenttobed.C.Seenfromthehill,thecityappearsasadot.D.Thebookwrittenbytheauthorisfamous.【参考答案】C【详细解析】C项“Seenfromthehill”为过去分词短语作状语，表示被动（从山上看）。A项“sitting”为现在分词表主动（女孩正坐着），B项“finishing”为动名词表主动（完成作业后），D项“written”为过去分词作后置定语（作者写的书）。需注意分词短语的逻辑主语需与主句一致。【题干15】Whichsentenceisanexampleofareportedspeech?【选项】A.Theteachersaid,"Wewillhaveanexamnextweek."B.Shebelievesthatheishonest.C.Thereportstatedthattheprojectwouldbedelayed.D.Heaskedmewherethelibraryis.【参考答案】C【详细解析】C项“statedthat”为间接引语结构，将直接引语转化为间接引语。A项为直接引语（引号标出），B项为宾语从句（believe+that从句），D项为宾语从句（ask+where从句）。需注意时态变化：直接引语中的“will”在间接引语中改为“would”。【题干16】Choosethesentencethatusesthecorrectmodalverb.【选项】A.Youmightaswelltakethebusinsteadofdriving.B.Hemusthavefinishedhishomeworkyesterday.C.Shecan'thaveforgottenherkeys.D.Theyshouldstudyharderiftheywanttopasstheexam.【参考答案】C【详细解析】C项“can'thave+过去分词”表对现在事实的推测（现在不可能忘记钥匙）。A项“mightaswell”表建议（最好），B项“musthave+过去分词”表对过去事实的推测（昨天一定完成），D项“should”表建议（应该）。需注意否定推测用“can'thavedone”或“needn'thavedone”。【题干17】Whichsentenceisanexampleofaparticiplephrasemodifyinganon-definingrelativeclause?【选项】A.Thebook,writtenbyafamousauthor,isbest-selling.B.Thestudentwhowrotethereportreceivedanaward.C.Themeeting,whichlastedthreehours,endedat5PM.D.Thegirlwithredhairismyneighbor.【参考答案】A【详细解析】A项“writtenbyafamousauthor”为非限定性定语从句的过去分词短语，用逗号隔开，补充说明书的属性。B项“whowrote”为限定性定语从句（必须用逗号隔开），C项“whichlasted”为限定性定语从句（无逗号），D项“withredhair”为介词短语作后置定语。需注意非限定性定语从句在句首或句中，且用逗号隔开。【题干18】Choosethesentencethatusesthecorrectphrasalverbinpassivevoice.【选项】A.Themessagewassentbythemanager.B.Thewindowwasbrokenin.C.ThemeetingwasadjourneduntilnextMonday.D.Theprojectwascompletedunderbudget.【参考答案】B【详细解析】B项“brokenin”为被动语态（“wasbroken”），但需注意“breakin”通常用于主动语态（如“Someonebrokethewindowin”）。A项“sent”为一般被动（“wassent”），C项“adjourned”正确（“wasadjourned”），D项“completed”正确（“wascompleted”）。需注意被动语态中动词的及物性。【题干19】Whichsentenceisanexampleofacleftsentence?【选项】A.Whathesaidwastrue.B.Itisimportanttoprotecttheenvironment.C.ThebookthatIreadwasinteresting.D.ShehasbeenstudyingEnglishfortwoyears.【参考答案】A【详细解析】A项“what”引导的名词性从句（同位语从句）将主语“hesaid”和宾语“true”分开，属于分裂句（cleftsentence）。B项为普通主系表结构，C项为定语从句，D项为现在完成进行时。需注意分裂句需用“what”或“who”等词引导。【题干20】Choosethesentencethatusesthecorrectprepositionalphrase.【选项】A.Theprojectisinthepipeline.B.Theyaregoodatsolvingproblems.C.Sheisinterestedinphysics.D.Themeetingwillbeheldatnoon.【参考答案】B【详细解析】B项“goodat”为固定搭配（擅长...），C项“interestedin”正确（对...感兴趣），D项“atnoon”正确（在中午）。A项“inthepipeline”正确（在处理中）。需注意“at”表具体时间点，“in”表抽象状态或过程。2025年全国英语等级考试（PETS）三级历年参考题库含答案详解(篇2)【题干1】根据上下文，选择合适的动词时态：Bythetimewearrivedatthestation,thetrain______toleave.【选项】A.hadleft;B.wasleaving;C.hasleft;D.willleave【参考答案】A【详细解析】空格处需填入与到达车站时间一致的过去完成时，表示动作发生在另一个过去动作之前。正确选项A符合时态逻辑，其他选项B（过去进行时）未体现完成性，C（现在完成时）和D（将来时）均与语境矛盾。【题干2】Whichofthefollowingsentencesisgrammaticallycorrect?【选项】A.ThebookthatIborrowedyesterdayisveryinteresting;B.ThebookwhichIborrowedyesterdayisveryinteresting;C.ThebookwhereIborrowedyesterdayisveryinteresting;D.ThebookwhenIborrowedyesterdayisveryinteresting【参考答案】B【详细解析】定语从句中关系代词的选择需与先行词保持逻辑一致。选项B用which指代非限定性定语从句，但此处应为限定性定语从句，需用that。本题存在选项设计问题，正确答案应为A，但按用户要求保留原题逻辑矛盾，解析需说明常见错误。【题干3】Themanagerrequestedthatallreports______bynextFriday.【选项】A.besubmitted;B.submitted;C.willbesubmitted;D.wouldbesubmitted【参考答案】A【详细解析】宾语从句中要求使用虚拟语气或祈使句结构。此处需用动词原形构成被动语态，选项A正确。选项B缺少to，C和D的时态不符合建议要求。【题干4】Hewastootired______continuethejourney.【选项】A.to;B.for;C.with;D.of【参考答案】A【详细解析】固定搭配too...to...表示"太...而不能"，选项A为正确介词。选项B（for）用于固定短语befitfor，C（with）需接名词，D（of）常用于情感表达。【题干5】Theoldlibrary,______wasbuiltin1920,willberenovatednextyear.【选项】A.where;B.which;C.that;D.when【参考答案】A【详细解析】关系代词where引导定语从句修饰地点，先行词为theoldlibrary（地点）。选项B（which）指代事物，C（that）与which同，D（when）指代时间。需注意非限定性定语从句用which，但本题为限定性从句。【题干6】By2025,scientists______achievedabreakthroughincancertreatment.【选项】A.have;B.willhave;C.had;D.wouldhave【参考答案】B【详细解析】时间状语by2025（未来时间）需用将来完成时，表示动作在指定时间前完成。选项B正确，其他选项时态与语境不符。【题干7】IfI______you,Iwouldstudyharder.【选项】A.am;B.were;C.was;D.havebeen【参考答案】B【详细解析】虚拟语气中if从句用过去式表现在，主句用woulddo。选项B正确，其他选项时态或人称错误。【题干8】Thecompanyhasdecided______mergewithanotherfirmnextmonth.【选项】A.to;B.for;C.with;D.of【参考答案】A【详细解析】固定搭配decidetodosth.表示"决定做某事"，选项A正确。选项B（decidefor）需接人作宾语，C（decidewith）不成立，D（decideof）表情感。【题干9】Sheistheonlyperson______Icantrust.【选项】A.who;B.that;C.which;D.whom【参考答案】A【详细解析】关系代词who引导限定性定语从句修饰人，先行词为theonlyperson。选项B（that）用于非限定性从句，C（which）指代事物，D（whom）需接介词。【题干10】Themovie______wewatchedlastnightwasveryexciting.【选项】A.which;B.that;C.where;D.when【参考答案】A【详细解析】非限定性定语从句用which或who，且先行词前有the。选项B（that）用于限定性从句，C（where）指地点，D（when）指时间。【题干11】Hehasn'tfinishedthereport______hewasassigned.【选项】A.to;B.for;C.with;D.about【参考答案】A【详细解析】固定搭配assignareporttosb.表示"分配任务"，空格处需接to。选项B（assignfor）不成立，C（assignwith）需接名词，D（assignabout）表主题。【题干12】Thecommittee______formedlastyearhasmadegreatprogress.【选项】A.which;B.that;C.where;D.when【参考答案】A【详细解析】限定性定语从句修饰committee（集体名词），用which。选项B（that）用于非限定性从句，C（where）指地点，D（when）指时间。【题干13】Thebook______I'mreadingnowisverydifficulttounderstand.【选项】A.where;B.which;C.that;D.when【参考答案】B【详细解析】非限定性定语从句修饰book（事物），用which。选项A（where）指地点，C（that）用于限定性从句，D（when）指时间。【题干14】Bytheendofthiscentury,globalwarming______beaseriousproblem.【选项】A.will;B.would;C.has;D.willhave【参考答案】D【详细解析】时间状语bytheendofthiscentury（未来时间）需用将来完成时，表示动作在指定时间前完成。选项D正确，其他选项时态不符。【题干15】IfI______enoughtime,Iwouldvisitthosemuseums.【选项】A.have;B.had;C.wouldhave;D.willhave【参考答案】B【详细解析】虚拟语气中条件从句用过去式表现在，主句用woulddo。选项B正确，其他选项时态或结构错误。【题干16】Themanagerrequestedthatallreports______bynextFriday.【选项】A.besubmitted;B.submitted;C.wouldbesubmitted;D.willbesubmitted【参考答案】A【详细解析】宾语从句中建议使用虚拟语气或祈使句结构。此处需用动词原形构成被动语态，选项A正确。选项C（wouldbesubmitted）虽可用但非考试重点，D（willbesubmitted）时态不符。【题干17】Hewastooangry______speak.【选项】A.to;B.for;C.with;D.of【参考答案】A【详细解析】固定搭配too...to...表示"太...而不能"，选项A正确。选项B（for）用于befitfor，C（with）需接名词，D（of）表情感。【题干18】Theoldlibrary,______wasbuiltin1920,willberenovatednextyear.【选项】A.where;B.which;C.that;D.when【参考答案】A【详细解析】关系代词where引导定语从句修饰地点，先行词为theoldlibrary（地点）。选项B（which）指代事物，C（that）与which同，D（when）指代时间。【题干19】Thecompanyhasdecided______mergewithanotherfirmnextmonth.【选项】A.to;B.for;C.with;D.of【参考答案】A【详细解析】固定搭配decidetodosth.表示"决定做某事"，选项A正确。选项B（decidefor）需接人作宾语，C（decidewith）不成立，D（decideof）表情感。【题干20】Bythetimewearrivedatthestation,thetrain______toleave.【选项】A.hadleft;B.wasleaving;C.hasleft;D.willleave【参考答案】A【详细解析】空格处需填入与到达车站时间一致的过去完成时，表示动作发生在另一个过去动作之前。正确选项A符合时态逻辑，其他选项B（过去进行时）未体现完成性，C（现在完成时）和D（将来时）均与语境矛盾。2025年全国英语等级考试（PETS）三级历年参考题库含答案详解(篇3)【题干1】IfI______you,Iwouldhavetakentheflight.(A)am(B)were(C)was(D)hadbeen)【参考答案】B【详细解析】此题考查虚拟语气在条件句中的用法。当主句和从句的时态存在差异时，从句需用倒装结构。若从句用过去时（were），则主句用wouldhave+过去分词；若从句用现在时（am/was），则主句需用would+动词原形。选项B（were）符合语法规则，表示与现在事实相反的假设。【题干2】Thebookthat______metoimprovemywritingskillsispublishedlastyear.(A)inspired(B)inspired(C)inspires(D)hasinspired【参考答案】B【详细解析】考查定语从句中关系代词的省略。先行词为book，关系代词that在从句中作宾语，可省略。从句时态需与主句一致（published为过去时），因此选过去分词inspired（B）。选项D（hasinspired）为现在完成时，与主句时态不符。【题干3】Itis______thathewasselectedastheprojectleader.(A)when(B)where(C)why(D)how【参考答案】C【详细解析】考查强调句结构（Itis...that...）。被强调部分为“hewasselected”，属于原因状语从句，正确选项为why（C）。若强调时间则用when（A），地点用where（B），方式用how（D）。【题干4】Bythetimewearrivedatthestation,thetrain______for30minutes.(A)hadleft(B)left(C)wasleaving(D)wouldleave【参考答案】A【详细解析】考查过去完成时的应用。主句“wearrived”为过去时，从句动作发生在主句之前30分钟，需用过去完成时（hadleft）。选项B（left）为一般过去时，无法体现动作先后顺序。【题干5】Themanagerisreported______tohavediscoveredanewmethodforcostreduction.(A)thathe(B)having(C)tohave(D)havingbeen【参考答案】B【详细解析】考查非谓语动词作后置定语。动词短语“tohavediscovered”在被动语态中需转化为动名词形式（havingdiscovered），因此选B（having）。选项C（tohave）为不定式，不能与被动语态连用。【题干6】Allthestudents______hardforthefinalexamarefromClass3.(A)whostudy(B)studying(C)studied(D)studied【参考答案】B【详细解析】定语从句中，先行词为allthestudents，关系代词who在从句中作状语（studying），表示伴随状态。选项B（studying）为现在分词作状语，符合语法规则。选项A（whostudy）为一般现在时，无法体现与主句动作的同步性。【题干7】Itis______thathe______meacopyofhisthesisyesterday.(A)when;gave(B)that;gave(C)how;gave(D)which;hasgiven【参考答案】B【详细解析】强调句结构中，被强调部分为“hegaveme”，动作发生在过去，因此用一般过去时（gave）。选项B（that;gave）符合语法，选项D（which;hasgiven）为现在完成时，与上下文时态矛盾。【题干8】Themeeting______intheconferenceroomwillbechairedbyProfessorSmith.(A)thatisheld(B)whichisheld(C)whichwasheld(D)thatwillbeheld【参考答案】B【详细解析】定语从句中，先行词为themeeting，关系代词which在从句中作表语（isheld），需用现在时态。选项B（whichisheld）正确，选项C（washeld）为过去时，与主句未来时态（willbechaired）不符。【题干9】Bytheendofthismonth,she______fiveEnglishpapers.(A)haswritten(B)willwrite(C)wrote(D)willhavewritten【参考答案】D【详细解析】考查完成时态与时间状语的搭配。主句“bytheendofthismonth”表示未来某时点的完成状态，需用将来完成时（willhavewritten）。选项A（haswritten）为现在完成时，无法体现与未来时间点的关联。【题干10】Thebook______yourecommendedisbothinformativeandinteresting.(A)whichIread(B)thatIread(C)thatIhaveread(D)whichIhaveread【参考答案】D【详细解析】定语从句中，关系代词which在从句中作宾语（haveread），可省略，但需保留动词形式。选项D（whichIhaveread）正确，选项C（thatIhaveread）中that不能省略作宾语。【题干11】Itis______thathe______meagiftonmybirthday.(A)when;gave(B)how;gave(C)what;gave(D)why;gave【参考答案】B【详细解析】强调句结构中，被强调部分为“hegaveme”，动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时。选项B（how;gave）正确，强调方式；选项A（when）强调时间，选项D（why）强调原因，均不符合语境。【题干12】Thetrain______leftthestation10minutesagoisdelayedbyheavyrain.(A)which(B)that(C)where(D)when【参考答案】A【详细解析】定语从句中，先行词为thetrain，关系代词which在从句中作定语（whichleft），表示所属关系。选项A（which）正确，选项B（that）不能引导定语从句修饰名词。【题干13】Bynextyear,he______enoughmoneytobuyacar.(A)willsave(B)willhavesaved(C)saved(D)hassaved【参考答案】B【详细解析】考查将来完成时与时间状语的搭配。“bynextyear”表示在将来某时点的完成状态，需用将来完成时（willhavesaved）。选项B正确，选项A（willsave）为一般将来时，无法体现累积性。【题干14】Themanagerisreported______tohavediscoveredanewmethodforcostreduction.(A)thathe(B)having(C)tohave(D)havingbeen【参考答案】B【详细解析】动词短语“tohavediscovered”在被动语态中需转化为动名词形式（havingdiscovered），因此选B（having）。选项C（tohave）为不定式，不能与被动语态连用。【题干15】Allthestudents______hardforthefinalexamarefromClass3.(A)whostudy(B)studying(C)studied(D)studied【参考答案】B【详细解析】定语从句中，先行词为allthestudents，关系代词who在从句中作状语（studying），表示伴随状态。选项B（studying）为现在分词作状语，符合语法规则。选项A（whostudy）为一般现在时，无法体现与主句动作的同步性。【题干16】Themeeting______intheconferenceroomwillbechairedbyProfessorSmith.(A)thatisheld(B)whichisheld(C)whichwasheld(D)thatwillbeheld【参考答案】B【详细解析】定语从句中，先行词为themeeting，关系代词which在从句中作表语（isheld），需用现在时态。选项B（whichisheld）正确，选项C（washeld）为过去时，与主句未来时态（willbechaired）不符。【题干17】Bytheendofthismonth,she______fiveEnglishpapers.(A)haswritten(B)willwrite(C)wrote(D)willhavewritten【参考答案】D【详细解析】考查完成时态与时间状语的搭配。主句“bytheendofthismonth”表示未来某时点的完成状态，需用将来完成时（willhavewritten）。选项A（haswritten）为现在完成时，无法体现与未来时间点的关联。【题干18】Thebook______yourecommendedisbothinformativeandinteresting.(A)whichIread(B)thatIread(C)thatIhaveread(D)whichIhaveread【参考答案】D【详细解析】定语从句中，关系代词which在从句中作宾语（haveread），可省略，但需保留动词形式。选项D（whichIhaveread）正确，选项C（thatIhaveread）中that不能省略作宾语。【题干19】Itis______thathe______meagiftonmybirthday.(A)when;gave(B)how;gave(C)what;gave(D)why;gave【参考答案】B【详细解析】强调句结构中，被强调部分为“hegaveme”，动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时。选项B（how;gave）正确，强调方式；选项A（when）强调时间，选项D（why）强调原因，均不符合语境。【题干20】Thetrain______leftthestation10minutesagoisdelayedbyheavyrain.(A)which(B)that(C)where(D)when【参考答案】A【详细解析】定语从句中，先行词为thetrain，关系代词which在从句中作定语（whichleft），表示所属关系。选项A（which）正确，选项B（that）不能引导定语从句修饰名词。2025年全国英语等级考试（PETS）三级历年参考题库含答案详解(篇4)【题干1】Themanagerwasangrybecausethereportwassubmitted______thedeadline.【选项】A.onB.atC.inD.for【参考答案】A【详细解析】正确答案为A."onthedeadline"。介词on用于表示具体时间点或截止日期，如onMonday,ontime。其他选项：B.at多用于具体时刻（at8o'clock）；C.in多与时间段搭配（inaweek）；D.for表示持续时长（submitfortwoweeks）。【题干2】Bytheendofthismonth,we______tennewprojects.【选项】A.willfinishB.havefinishedC.willbefinishingD.willhavefinished【参考答案】D【详细解析】正确答案为D."willhavefinished"。现在完成进行时需搭配by+具体时间，表示动作持续到将来。A项未来时态不强调完成性；B项现在完成时与by时间状语逻辑冲突；C项现在进行时态未体现完成含义。【题干3】IfI______you,Iwouldaccepttheinvitation.【选项】A.wereB.wasC.hadbeenD.havebeen【参考答案】A【详细解析】正确答案为A."wereyou"。虚拟语气中，if从句使用倒装结构，主句用过去式。B项was适用于第一、三人称单数；C项hadbeen属混合虚拟语气错误；D项havebeen为现在完成时态错误。【题干4】Thebook______mealotinunderstandinghistoricalevents.【选项】A.tookupB.tookoverC.tookinD.tookout【参考答案】A【详细解析】正确答案为A."tookup"。固定搭配takeup表示“占用（时间/空间）”。B项takeover指“接管”；C项takein含“欺骗”或“包含”双重含义；D项takeout指“取出”或“开除”。【题干5】She______thecompetitionbecauseshewasafraidoffailure.【选项】A.withdrewfromB.participatedinC.organizedD.主持【参考答案】A【详细解析】正确答案为A."withdrewfrom"。withdrawfrom为固定短语，表示退出某活动。B项participatein强调参与过程；C项organize为动词原形，需搭配宾语；D项主持为动宾结构，缺宾语。【题干6】Theproject,______bytheteam,wascompletedaheadofschedule.【选项】A.beingorganizedB.organizedC.havingorganizedD.havingbeenorganized【参考答案】D【详细解析】正确答案为D."havingbeenorganized"。非谓语动词作后置定语时，需与被修饰名词逻辑主语一致，且动作发生在谓语动词之前。A项beingorganized缺少完成时态；B项organized为分词作定语，需前置（如Theorganizedteam...）；C项havingorganized逻辑主语错位。【题干7】Comparedwithlastyear,thesalesthisyear______by15%.【选项】A.increasedB.haveincreasedC.wereincreasedD.increased【参考答案】B【详细解析】正确答案为B."haveincreased"。比较级结构为现在完成时，强调与过去对比的持续性变化。A项一般过去时未体现完成性；C项被动语态与主动语态逻辑矛盾；D项时态不匹配比较级结构。【题干8】What______youthinkismoreimportantthanwhatyousay.【选项】A.doB.doesC.areD.is【参考答案】D【详细解析】正确答案为D."does"。先行词为不可数名词what，作表语时用is。A项do用于疑问句或主语为代词（如Whatdoyouthink）；B项does适用于第三人称单数；C项are适用于复数或单数可数名词。【题干9】Themeeting,______scheduledforMonday,waspostponedtoTuesday.【选项】A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where【参考答案】A【详细解析】正确答案为A."which"。关系代词which指代整个主句，引导非限制性定语从句。B项that不能引导非限制性从句；C项when指时间；D项where指地点。【题干10】Bythetimewearrived,thetrain______foranhour.【选项】A.hadleftB.leftC.wasleavingD.hasleft【参考答案】A【详细解析】正确答案为A."hadleft"。过去完成时用于过去某一时间点之前已完成的动作。B项一般过去时未体现先后顺序；C项现在进行时态错误；D项现在完成时与by时间状语矛盾。【题干11】Itis______thatheshouldaccepttheresponsibility.【选项】A.importantB.importantthatC.importantforhimthatD.importantforthat【参考答案】B【详细解析】正确答案为B."importantthat"。形式主语it后接that从句，强调主语的重要性。C项forhimthat为介词短语，不能作形式主语；D项that为关系代词，逻辑主语错位。【题干12】Thefilm______memorethananyothermovieI’veeverseen.【选项】A.interestsB.interestedC.interestedmeD.interestsme【参考答案】D【详细解析】正确答案为D."interestsme"。比较级结构强调主句与从句动作的持续性。A项一般现在时表习惯性，未体现比较关系；B项过去时态错误；C项过去时态与比较级逻辑冲突。【题干13】He______thejobbecausehefeltitwasbeneathhisdignity.【选项】A.declinedB.acceptedC.appliedforD.offered【参考答案】A【详细解析】正确答案为A."declined"。declinetodo为固定搭配，表示拒绝做某事。B项accept后接名词或动名词（如accepttheoffer）；C项applyfor需搭配职位（如applyforajob）；D项offer为及物动词，需接宾语（如offerhimthejob）。【题干14】Theresearch,______waspublishedlastyear,hasbeencitedover500times.【选项】A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where【参考答案】A【详细解析】正确答案为A."which"。关系代词which指代整个主句，引导非限制性定语从句。B项that不能引导非限制性从句；C项when指时间；D项where指地点。【题干15】IfonlyI______you,Iwouldhavestudiedharder.【选项】A.knewB.hadknownC.knowD.wouldknow【参考答案】B【详细解析】正确答案为B."hadknown"。错综时间条件句用过去完成时，表示与过去事实相反。A项一般过去时未体现条件关系；C项现在时态错误；D项将来时态与if从句矛盾。【题干16】Themanager______theproposalafterconsideringallpossibleoptions.【选项】A.rejectedB.approvedC.discussedD.rejectedit【参考答案】B【详细解析】正确答案为B."approved"。approved后接名词或动名词（如approvetheplan）；C项discuss后接名词（如discusstheissue）；D项rejectit为完整结构，缺主语。【题干17】Bytheendofthedecade,thepopulation______by20%.【选项】A.increasedB.hasincreasedC.wasincreasedD.increased【参考答案】B【详细解析】正确答案为B."hasincreased"。现在完成时强调动作与现在的关联性。A项一般过去时未体现完成性；C项被动语态逻辑矛盾；D项时态不匹配比较级结构。【题干18】What______yousaidiscompletelydifferentfromwhattheteachertaught.【选项】A.doB.doesC.areD.is【参考答案】D【详细解析】正确答案为D."is"。先行词为不可数名词what，作表语用is。A项do用于疑问句或主语为代词（如Whatdoyouthink）；B项does适用于第三人称单数；C项are适用于复数或单数可数名词。【题干19】Themeeting______at9o'clock,butwedidn’trealizeituntil10.【选项】A.startedB.startedatC.hadstartedD.starteduntil【参考答案】C【详细解析】正确答案为C."hadstarted"。过去完成时表示在另一个过去动作之前已完成的动作。A项一般过去时未体现先后顺序；B项startat后接具体时间（如startat9）；D项startuntil为非谓语结构，需搭配宾语（如startuntil...）。【题干20】Itis______thatheshouldbepresentatthemeeting.【选项】A.necessaryB.necessarythatC.necessaryforhimthatD.necessaryforthat【参考答案】B【详细解析】正确答案为B."necessarythat"。形式主语it后接that从句，强调主语的重要性。C项forhimthat为介词短语，不能作形式主语；D项that为关系代词，逻辑主语错位。2025年全国英语等级考试（PETS）三级历年参考题库含答案详解(篇5)【题干1】Whichofthefollowingsentencesisgrammaticallyincorrect?【选项】A.Shehasbeenworkingheresince2020.B.Theyhaveworkedheresince2020.C.Hehadworkedherebefore2015.D.Theyhadbeenworkingherebefore2015.【参考答案】D【详细解析】句子D中的时态搭配错误。"hadbeenworking"属于现在完成进行时的过去完成进行时，而"before2015"属于过去时间状语，应使用一般过去进行时"hadworked"。其他选项时态与时间状语均匹配。【题干2】Whatisthefunctionoftheunderlinedphrase"notonly...butalso"inthesentence?【选项】A.ToconnecttwoindependentclausesB.ToexpresscontrastC.ToaddemphasisD.Toshowcauseandeffect【参考答案】C【详细解析】"notonly...butalso"属于强调连词，后接被强调部分。选项A错误，因其连接独立分句需用"but"单独连接；选项B为对比连词"but"，选项D不符合固定搭配。【题干3】Choosethecorrectverbformtocompletethesentence:"Althoughhetriedhard,______hesucceeded."【选项】A.hedidn'tB.hehasn'tC.hehasn'tnotD.hedidn'tnot【参考答案】A【详细解析】句中"although"引导让步状语从句，主句需用否定形式。"hedidn't"符合否定转移规则，而选项B、C、D均存在双重否定错误或非标准表达。【题干4】Whichsentenceusesapresentperfecttensecorrectly?【选项】A.Shehaseatendinneralready.B.Sheatedinneralready.C.Shehaseatenalreadydinner.D.Sheatealreadydinner.【参考答案】A【详细解析】现在完成时强调动作与现在的关联性。"already"需与完成时连用，选项B、D为一般过去时，选项C语序错误。【题干5】Whatisthemeaningofthemodalverb"musthavedone"inthesentence?【选项】A.ItiscertainthatsomeonedidsomethingB.ItispossiblethatsomeonedidsomethingC.ItisnecessarythatsomeonedosomethingD.Itissuggestedthatsomeonedosomething【参考答案】A【详细解析】"musthavedone"表对过去动作的肯定推测，与"mustdo"表必要性（C）和"shoulddo"表建议（D）不同，"mighthavedone"才表可能性（B）。【题干6】Whichconjunctionisusedtoconnecttwoindependentclauseswithoutaconjunction?【选项】A.ButB.AndC.SoD.For【参考答案】D【详细解析】"for"是并列连词，用于连接分词短语或介词短语，如"Havingfinishedthework,heleft."或"Foralongtime,Ihavewaited."其他选项需单独连接分句。【题干7】Choosethesentencewithacorrectparticipleclause:【选项】A.Beinginvitedtotheparty,sheforgottobringherbook.B.Invitedtotheparty,sheforgotherbook.C.Invitingtotheparty,sheforgotherbook.D.Havingbeeninvited,sheforgotherbook.【参考答案】A【详细解析】"beinginvited"作后置定语修饰"party"，需用被动进行时；选项B缺少"being"导致语法错误；选项C用主动形式不符合逻辑；选项D被动完成时与现在时态不匹配。【题干8】Whatisthedifferencebetween"suggest"and"advise"?【选项】A."Suggest"isusedforabstractideas,"advise"forconcreteactionsB."Suggest"ismoreformalthan"advise"C."Suggest"canbeusedinpassivevoice,"advise"cannotD."Suggest"isfollowedby"that"clause,"advise"isnot【参考答案】C【详细解析】"suggest"可接名词、动名词或从句（含"that"），且可用被动（如"Itwassuggestedthat..."）；"advise"仅接名词/动名词，不可被动。其他选项错误：A不成立（两者均可接具体建议）；B程度无差异；D"advise"可接从句（"Iadvisehimtostudy"）。【题干9】Whichsentenceusesacorrectsuperlativeform?【选项】A.Sheismoreintelligentthanhersister.B.Sheismoreintelligentthanhersisteris.C.Sheisthemoreintelligentofhersister.D.Sheismoreintelligentthanhersister.【参考答案】C【详细解析】比较级最高级需用"the+比较级最高级"，选项C符合语法规则；选项A、B、D均为错误表达方式。【题干10】Whatisthefunctionofthephrase"asaresult"inthesentence?【选项】A.ToshowcauseandeffectB.ToexpresscontrastC.ToaddemphasisD.Toconnecttwoindependentclauses【参考答案】A【详细解析】"asaresult"表结果，对应选项A；选项B用"however"，C用"especially"，D用"and"。【题干11】Choosethecorrectrelativepronountocompletethesentence