湖北省十堰市2024-2025学年高二下学期6月期末英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省十堰市2024-2025学年高二下学期6月期末英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.WhenwillthewomanmeetDilipPatel?A.Inthemorning. B.Aroundnoon. C.Intheafternoon.【答案】B【原文】W:MayIseeDilipPateltoday?M:He’sinameetingthismorning,butyou’llgetachancetomeetupwithhimoverlunch.Andyoucanvisitthecityintheafternoon.2.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hewantstokeepthechair.B.Hecanmakeatableforthewoman.C.Theydon’thaveenoughroomfornewfurniture.【答案】C【原文】W:Myfriendhasstartedmakingfurnitureofwood.Iwasthinkingaboutorderinganewtablefromhim.M:Wedon’thaveanyspace.Ifyouwantatable,youneedtosellthosechairsthatweneveruse.3.Howdoesthewomandealwithdifficultlectures?A.Bylisteningcarefully. B.Bytakingnotesonly. C.Byrecordingthem.【答案】C【原文】M:Hey,Katherine.Doyouknowanyspecialwaystolistentolecturesbetter?W:Well,Iliketotakenotes.Butifthetopicisdifficult,Ioftenrecordthewholething.Thatway,Icanlistentothelecturealloveragainandtakereallygoodnotes.4.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthewatch?A.Itisexpensive. B.ItisagiftforMike. C.Itisnotbeautiful.【答案】A【原文】M:WhatdidMikegetyouforyourbirthday,Pam?W:Hegotmeawatch.See.M:That’sbeautiful.Hemusthavespentafortuneonit.5.Howdoesthemanfindhislivingplace?A.Allright. B.Quitenoisy. C.Toocrowded.【答案】A【原文】W:Thisisaprettysmallroomtobesharedwithsomeone.Don’tyoufinditalittlecrowded?M:Well,I’musedtobeingalittlecrowded.Igrewupwithsixbrothers,remember?第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthemedicine?A.Itcantreatillness. B.Itneedstesting. C.Itisuseless.7.Whoaremostresponsiblefortheproblemaccordingtotheman?A.Thehunters. B.Thebuyers. C.Themedicinecompanies.【答案】6.C7.B【原文】W:I’dneverheardofthiscreature.Itsskinseemstobemadeupofhardpieces.M:Somethinkthosepiecescanbeusedasmedicine,sotheykillthem.W:Doesthemedicinework?M:No,actuallyitisofnouse—butthatdoesn’tstopthem.Thehunters’behaviourisillegal,butIthinktheonestoblamemostarethepeoplewhobuythisso-calledmedicine.Theyknownothingandarekillingthecreaturesindirectly.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Aweekendplan.B.Thelifeinthecountryside.C.Adinnerpartyintheman’shouse.9.Whowilldefinitelygotothecountryside?A.Theman’sbrother. B.Theman’sbestfriend. C.Thewoman’scousin.【答案】8.A9.A【原文】M:Iamgoingtomyuncle’ssmallhouseinthecountrysidethisweekend.Itwillbefun.Youshouldcome.W:I’dloveto.Whoelseisgoing?M:Mybrotherandhisbestfriendarecoming.W:Whatwillwedoupthere?M:Wewillcookdinner,playgames,andenjoythescenery.Theairisreallyfresh,andatnight,youcanseealotofstars.YoucanalsoinviteyourcousinJim.W:OK.Iwillaskhimlater.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10.Whatdoesthemaninvitethewomantodo?A.Seeafilm. B.VisittheSmiths. C.Gotoabookstore.11.Whattimewillthespeakersmeet?A.At4:15pm. B.At4:00pm. C.At3:30pm.12.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.TaketheNo.5bus. B.Usehissister’sbike. C.Waitforheratthecinema.【答案】10.B11.A12.B【原文】M:Hi,Mary.DidyouhearthattheSmithshavemovedtotheirnewhouse?W:Yes,Ihearditfrommyfather.What’syourplan,Jack?M:I’dliketopayavisittotheSmithsat3:30pm.Willyougowithme?W:I’dloveto.ButIwon’tbeoffworkfrommyfactoryuntil4:00pm.Howabout4:15pm?I’llbefreethen.M:OK.Let’smeetatthebusstopandtaketheNo.5bustogothere.W:Whynotgobybike?Thebuswouldbecrowdedatthattime.M:Butmybikeisbroken.W:Youcanuseyoursister’snewbike,can’tyou?M:Yes.I’llwaitforyouinfrontofthebookstoreoppositethecinema.W:OK,seeyouthen.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13.Whatistheman’sphotomainlyabout?A.Oranges. B.Autumnscenery. C.Acompetition.14.Howmanylikesdoesafamousphotoneedaccordingtothestudy?A.150. B.850. C.1,000.15.Whatistheman’smainreasonfortakingphotos?A.Toearnaliving. B.Towinawards. C.Tosharethem.16.Whatdoesthemanwantforhisbirthday?A.Acamera. B.Ahat. C.Aphotograph.【答案】13.B14.C15.C16.B【原文】W:Ilovethecolorsofautumn.Alltheleavesturnorangeandyellowandred.M:Yes,Igotagreatphotoyesterday.850peoplelikeditandnearly650peoplesharedit.DoesthatmeanI’mfamousonsocialmedia?W:I’mafraidnot.Accordingtoarecentstudy,youstillneedtoget150morelikes.M:Whatapity!W:Isthatmainlywhyyoutakepictures?M:What?No,no,Ijustliketosharethem,somyfriendsandfamiliescanseethem.W:Haveyoueverthoughtaboutdoingitprofessionally?M:No,butIhavejoinedsomecompetitionsandwon.W:That’samazing.Ican’twaittoseewhatyoutakeinwinterwhenitsnows.M:I’llprobablygetacold.W:Soundslikeyoushouldbuyawarmhatthen.M:Thankfully,mybirthdayisinNovember,soI’lladdittomylist.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Whoisthespeaker?A.Anewsreporter. B.Afirefighter. C.Aradiohost.18.WhatdidJoelhearattheburningbuilding?A.Ababycrying. B.Awomancrying. C.Amanshouting.19.WhywasJoelunabletogobackinsidethebuilding?A.Thefirewastoohot. B.Hewasseriouslyinjured. C.Hethoughteveryonewassafe.20.WhatcanwelearnaboutSparky?A.Hesavedthebaby. B.Hesurvivedthefire. C.Helosthishumanpartner.【答案】17.C18.B19.A20.A【原文】M:Hello,welcometotoday’seveningnewsradio.Ourtopstoryisasadone.Sparky,thefamousfiredepartmentdog,diedtodayinthelineofduty.SparkyandhishumanpartnerJoelwerewalkingdownMapleStreetwhentheyspottedabuildingonfire.JoelandSparkyrantothebuildingtohelp.Joelheardthecriesofawomaninsidethebuilding,soheraninsidetosaveher.SparkyfollowedJoelintothebuilding.Joelcouldhearthewomancrying,buthecouldn’tfindherbecauseofallthesmokefromthefire.ItwasSparkywhowasfinallyabletofindthewoman.SparkyledJoelandthewomanout,butSparkysuddenlyranbackintothebuilding.ThefirewastoohotforJoeltogobackinside,andheshoutedatSparkytocomeback.Afewmomentslater,Sparkycameoutofthebuildingpullingsomethingbehindhim.Itwasababy.Sparkywasabletosavethebaby’slife,butthefurryherodiedfromseriousinjuriesjustaftercomingoutoftheburningbuilding.ThewholeneighborhoodisexpectedtocometoSparky’smemorialservicetobeheldtomorrowmorning.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWorldHeritageSitesinAncientCapitalBeijingAsaglobalcityfamousforitsrichhistoryandculture,BeijinghasmanyUNESCOWorldHeritageSites.TheGreatWallIn1987,theGreatWallwasincludedontheUNESCOWorldHeritageList.TheGreatWallwascontinuouslybuiltfromthe3rdcenturyBCtothe17thcenturyADonthenorthernbordersasagreatmilitarydefenceprojectofChinesedynasties.ItbeginsintheeastatShanhaiguaninHebeiProvinceandendsatJiayuguaninGansuProvincetothewest,withatotallengthofmorethan20,000kilometers.ThePalaceMuseumIn1987,thePalaceMuseumwaslistedasaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.Carrying5,000yearsofChinesehistoryandculture,thewonderfularchitecturalcomplexisthusrecognizedasoneofthemostfamousculturalheritagesinChinaandtheworld.PekingManSiteatZhoukoudianPekingManSiteatZhoukoudianwaslistedasaUNESCOWorldHeritageSitein1987.Withalargenumberofrelics,itisoneofthemostcomprehensive,systematicandvaluableearlyPaleolithichumansitesintheworld.Themuseumoffersrichanddetailedexhibitions.TheSummerPalaceIn1998,UNESCOincludedtheSummerPalaceonitsWorldHeritageList,ThehistoryoftheSummerPalacecandatebackto1750duringthereignofEmperorQianlongoftheQingDynasty.ItisamasterpieceofChinesegardenart,combiningnaturallandscapeswithmanmadestructures.Itsbeautifulsceneryanduniquedesignmakeitapopulardestinationfortouristsandasourceofinspirationforartistsandarchitects.21.WhatisspecialabouttheGreatWall?A.It’sthemostvisitedtouristattraction. B.Ithasthelongestperiodofconstruction.C.It’sfamousforitsarchitecturalcomplex. D.Itcarries5,000yearsofhistoryandculture.22.WhatdothePalaceMuseumandPekingManSiteatZhoukoudianhaveincommon?A.TheywerebuiltduringtheQingDynasty. B.UNESCOincludedthemthesameyear.C.Theyareparticularlyfavoredbyarchitects. D.TheyshowthelifeofearlyPaleolithichuman.23.Whichsitewillattractacollegestudentmajoringinlandscapearchitecture?A.TheGreatWall. B.ThePalaceMuseum.C.PekingManSiteatZhoukoudian. D.TheSummerPalace.【答案】21.B22.B23.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍北京作为古都的几处联合国教科文组织世界遗产。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据TheGreatWall部分中的“TheGreatWallwascontinuouslybuiltfromthe3rdcenturyBCtothe17thcenturyADonthenorthernbordersasagreatmilitarydefenceprojectofChinesedynasties.(长城作为中国朝代的一项伟大军事防御工程，从公元前3世纪到公元17世纪在北方边境持续修建。)”可知，长城的特别之处在于其建造时间最长。故选B项。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据ThePalaceMuseum部分中的“In1987,thePalaceMuseumwaslistedasaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.(1987年，故宫博物院被列为联合国教科文组织世界遗产。)”以及PekingManSiteatZhoukoudian部分中的“PekingManSiteatZhoukoudianwaslistedasaUNESCOWorldHeritageSitein1987.(周口店北京人遗址于1987年被列为联合国教科文组织世界遗产。)”可知，故宫博物院和周口店北京人遗址的共同之处是它们在同一年被联合国教科文组织列入世界遗产名录。故选B项。【23题详析】推理判断题。根据TheSummerPalace部分中的“ItisamasterpieceofChinesegardenart,combiningnaturallandscapeswithmanmadestructures.Itsbeautifulsceneryanduniquedesignmakeitapopulardestinationfortouristsandasourceofinspirationforartistsandarchitects.(它是中国园林艺术的杰作，将自然景观与人工建筑相结合。其美丽的风景和独特的设计使它成为游客的热门目的地，也是艺术家和建筑师的灵感来源。)”可知，颐和园会吸引景观建筑专业的大学生。故选D项。BIttooktwoyearsoftrainingandeffort,butinFebruary,Mia,a12-year-oldgirl,finallyreachedhergoalofbecomingtheyoungestfemaleMasterScubaDiverintheUS.Thistitlerepresentsalevelofskillthatevenmanyadultdiversneverreach.AndmostdiversonlygetthebasicOpenWaterDivercertificate.WhenMiawasyoung,shelearnedthathermotherhadbecomeanOpenWaterDiverinhighschool.Miadecidedshewantedtobecomeadiver,too.However,theyoungestagetostarttrainingis10.Onher10thbirthday,MiabeganherjourneybygettingherOpenWaterDivercertificate.Herinstructorswereimpressedwithherenergyanddrive.“Shesetshermindtosomethingandgetsitdone,”saidSeamusHastings,oneofherinstructors.Overthenexttwoyears,Miatookseveraladvancedcourses,includingfirstaid,howtofindherwayunderwater,andhowtoidentifyfish.Shealsofinished78dives,farmorethanthe50requiredfortheMasterScubaDivertitle.ButMiahadtowaitforherlasttwocourses—AdvancedOpenWaterDiverandRescueDiver.That’sbecauseyouhavetobeatleast12yearsoldtoearnthesecertificates.InFebruary,MiaandherfamilytraveledtoMexico.Aweeklater,MiapassedtheAdvancedOpenWaterDivercourseaftercompletingherfirstnightdive.Thenextdayofherbirthday,whenshewasofficially12,MiafinishedtheRescueDivercourse.Thehardestpartofthecoursewasraisinganinjuredadultdivertothesurfaceandhelpingthembreatheagain.Miafoundthischallengingbutmanagedtosucceed.Miaisproudofherachievement,butshedoesn’tplantostopthere.Shehopestocontinueherdivingeducationandbecomeanoceanbiologistinthefuture.She’sparticularlyinterestedinlabelingandtrackingsharks.24.WhatinspiredMiatobeadiver?A.Herfamily’srequirement. B.Herdesiretoexploretheocean.C.Hermother’sexperience. D.Herinterestinbeinganoceanbiologist.25.WhatmadeMiadelaytakingherlasttwocourses?A.Agerestriction. B.Lackofrequiredtraining.C.Financialissues. D.Academiccommitments.26.InwhatorderdidMiacompleteherdivingcourses?A.Nightdive,RescueDiver,AdvancedOpenWaterDiver.B.RescueDiver,AdvancedOpenWaterDiver,nightdive.C.AdvancedOpenWaterDiver,nightdive,RescueDiver.D.Nightdive,AdvancedOpenWaterDiver,RescueDiver.27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMia?A.Open-mindedandtalented. B.Dynamicanddetermined.C.Responsibleandhumble. D.Strong-willedandsympathetic.【答案】24.C25.A26.D27.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了12岁女孩Mia通过两年训练和努力，成为美国最年轻的女性水肺潜水大师，她受母亲影响开始潜水，克服年龄限制完成课程，未来希望成为海洋生物学家。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“WhenMiawasyoung,shelearnedthathermotherhadbecomeanOpenWaterDiverinhighschool.Miadecidedshewantedtobecomeadiver,too.(当Mia还小的时候，她得知母亲在高中时成为了一名开放水域潜水员。Mia决定她也想成为一名潜水员。)”可知，Mia想成为潜水员是受她母亲经历的影响。故选C项。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“ButMiahadtowaitforherlasttwocourses—AdvancedOpenWaterDiverandRescueDiver.That’sbecauseyouhavetobeatleast12yearsoldtoearnthesecertificates.(但Mia不得不等待她的最后两门课程——高级开放水域潜水员和救援潜水员。这是因为你必须年满12岁才能获得这些证书。)”可知，Mia推迟上最后两门课是因为年龄限制。故选A项。【26题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“InFebruary,MiaandherfamilytraveledtoMexico.Aweeklater,MiapassedtheAdvancedOpenWaterDivercourseaftercompletingherfirstnightdive.Thenextdayofherbirthday,whenshewasofficially12,MiafinishedtheRescueDivercourse.(2月，Mia和家人前往墨西哥。一周后，Mia在完成首次夜潜后通过了高级开放水域潜水员课程。在她生日的第二天，也就是她正式满12岁的时候，Mia完成了救援潜水员课程。)”可知，Mia完成潜水课程的顺序是夜潜、高级开放水域潜水员、救援潜水员。故选D项。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Herinstructorswereimpressedwithherenergyanddrive.(她的教练们对她的精力和干劲印象深刻。)”以及第三段“Shealsofinished78dives,farmorethanthe50requiredfortheMasterScubaDivertitle.(她还完成了78次潜水，远超过水肺潜水大师头衔所需的50次。)”和第四段“Miafoundthischallengingbutmanagedtosucceed.(Mia发现这很有挑战性，但还是成功了。)”可知，Mia精力充沛、有干劲且意志坚定，即充满活力且意志坚定。故选B项。CImplantscoatedinbacteriacouldbeusedduringbonefracture(骨折)surgerytohelpspeedrecoveryandpreventpost-operativeinfections.Whensomeonesuffersafracture,surgeryissometimesneededtohelpitmendcorrectly.Acommontechniqueistouseametalimplanttohelpbrokenbonesstayinalinewhilerecovering.Theboneslowlygrowstogetherwiththemetalasitmends.LeiTanatHubeiUniversityinWuhan,China,andhisteamtestedwhethercoatinganimplantinthebacterium,Lactobacilluscasei(L.casei),whichisfoundinyogurt,couldimproverecovery.Thisspeciesisknowntocontroltheimmuneenvironment,whichcouldsupporttissuegeneration,andtoreleaseantibacterialsubstances.Todothis,theresearchersgavemetalimplantstoratswithbrokenbones.ThreeoftheratsreceivedstandardimplantsandthreehadimplantscoatedindeadL.caseibacteria.Afterfourweeks,theteamfoundtherewasa27percentincreaseinbonetissueintheratswiththebacteria-coveredimplantscomparedwitha16percentincreaseinratswithregularimplants.Anincreaseinbonetissueisasignthatthefractureishealing.Onepotentialriskofimplantsisinfectionatthesitewheretheimplantmeetsthebone.SotheteamalsotestediftheirL.casei-treatedimplantwasmoreresistanttoinfectionbycoatingitinmulti-drugresistantbacteria,whichcancauseinfections.After12hours,theresearchersfoundthat99.9percentofthesebacteriaweredead.“Bacteriaplayanimportantroleinthedigestivesystemandthereisincreasingevidencetosuggestthattheirbenefitscanbeappliedoutsidethere,”saysMatthewWookChangattheNationalUniversityofSingapore.28.WhydidLeiTanandhisteamconducttheexperiment?A.Tocureratswithbrokenbones. B.Toidentifybeneficialbacteria.C.Tounderstandinfectioncauses. D.Totestbacteria-coatedimplants.29.Howarebacteria-coatedimplantssuperiortoregularimplants?A.Theyreleaseantibacterialsubstances.B.Theygetridoftheriskofgettinginfected.C.Theyspeeduptherecoveringprocessgreatly.D.Theycutthecostsoftakinganimplantsurgery.30.WhatcanbeimpliedfromMatthewWookChang’swords?A.Manyinfectionsarecloselyrelatedtobacteria.B.Bacteriacanhaveawiderangeofapplications.C.Bacteriahaveanegativeeffectonhumanhealth.D.Thedigestivesystemcanfunctionbetterwithoutbacteria.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Healingwithbacteria B.BonesurgerybreakthroughC.TheroleofLactobacilluscasei D.Thefutureofimplanttechnology【答案】28.D29.C30.B31.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国湖北大学的LeiTan及其团队进行的一项实验，该实验测试了涂有干酪乳杆菌（L.casei）的植入物在骨折手术中的应用效果，发现这种植入物能显著加速骨折愈合并具有抗菌作用。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“LeiTanatHubeiUniversityinWuhan,China,andhisteamtestedwhethercoatinganimplantinthebacterium,Lactobacilluscasei(L.casei),whichisfoundinyogurt,couldimproverecovery.(中国湖北大学的LeiTan和他的团队测试了涂有酸奶中发现的干酪乳杆菌（L.casei）的植入物是否能改善恢复情况。)”可知，LeiTan和他的团队进行实验是为了测试涂有细菌的植入物是否能改善恢复情况。故选D项。【29题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Afterfourweeks,theteamfoundtherewasa27percentincreaseinbonetissueintheratswiththebacteria-coveredimplantscomparedwitha16percentincreaseinratswithregularimplants.Anincreaseinbonetissueisasignthatthefractureishealing.(四周后，研究小组发现，与使用普通植入物的老鼠相比，使用细菌覆盖植入物的老鼠的骨组织增加了27%。骨组织的增加是骨折愈合的迹象。)”可知，涂有细菌的植入物比普通植入物能显著加速恢复过程。故选C项。【30题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Bacteriaplayanimportantroleinthedigestivesystemandthereisincreasingevidencetosuggestthattheirbenefitscanbeappliedoutsidethere,”saysMatthewWookChangattheNationalUniversityofSingapore.(新加坡国立大学的MatthewWookChang说：“细菌在消化系统中扮演着重要角色，越来越多的证据表明，它们的好处可以应用到消化系统之外。”)”可知，MatthewWookChang的话暗示了细菌具有广泛的应用范围。故选B项。【31题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Implantscoatedinbacteriacouldbeusedduringbonefracture(骨折)surgerytohelpspeedrecoveryandpreventpost-operativeinfections.(涂有细菌的植入物可在骨折手术期间使用，以帮助加速恢复并防止术后感染。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了涂有细菌的植入物在骨折手术中的应用及其效果，因此“Healingwithbacteria(用细菌治疗)”作为标题最合适。故选A项。DForcustomerswhodon’thavethefreedomtochoosewheretheyshop,technologicaladvancementsaremakingpricediscrimination(歧视)increasinglylikely.Flexibility-basedpricediscriminationallowscompaniestochargedifferentpeopledifferentpricesforthesameproductorservice,basedonhoweasilytheycanwalkaway.Whenconsumerscaneasilyfindbetterdealselsewhere,theyholdthepower.However,AItoolsareallowingsellerstobecomeincreasinglyexpertatuncoveringhowmuchflexibilitytheirconsumershave,whichraisesseriousconcerns.Inarecentstudy,weexaminedhowflexibility-basedpricediscriminationaffectsaseller’sprofitabilityinacompetitivemarket,andstudiedhowconsumerwelfareisaffected.Thefindingsdemonstratedthatcompaniesthatutilizeconsumerinflexibilityarelikelytoboom,oftenattheexpenseofthosewiththeleastpowertochoose.Theydon’tjustraisepriceswhencustomersaren’tabletoeasilyswitchtoacompetitor,forlow-incomeconsumerstheyreduceproductqualityaswell.Thisdoubleblowhitslow-incomeconsumershard.Dollarstores,forexample,oftenservelow-incomecommunitiesinsmallermarkets.Whentheseretailersrealizetheircustomershavelimitedalternatives,theyarelesslikelytokeeppriceslow.Moreover,testsrevealedthepresenceofpoisonouscomponentsincolorfullylabeledchildren’sproductsatAmericanandCanadiandollarstores.Butthisisonlypartofthestory.Whenthesesametechniquesareusedtotargetwealthierconsumers,itcanresultinpositivesocialoutcomesforthem.Incontrast,high-incomeconsumersmayseetheirproductqualityimprove.Thisisbecausehigh-incomeconsumersarewillingandabletopayfortheimprovedqualityandtechnology-enabledpricediscriminationcanenablethesellertosatisfytheirneedsbetter.Thesamethinghappenswithtradebarriersandtariffs(关税).Productquality,priceandincomeareknowntobeinterconnected,withlower-incomeinflexibleconsumerssufferingmorethanhigh-incomeconsumersinthesamesituation.Anybarriersthatreduceconsumerflexibilitydisproportionatelyharmlow-incomeconsumers,whoaremorelikelytofacelower-qualityproductsasaresult.Ourstudyprovidesvaluableinsightsforbothlawmakersandpolicymakers.Itshowsthatnewpoliciesarenecessarytoprotectvulnerableconsumerswithlimitedflexibilityfrompricediscrimination.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“utilize”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Referto. B.Dependon. C.Takeadvantageof. D.Getridof.33.Whatdocompaniestendtodowhenconsumerslackpurchasechoices?A.Expandproductvarieties. B.Lowerpricestoattractmorecustomers.C.Reduceproductqualityforlow-incomegroups. D.Prioritizetheneedsofhigh-incomeconsumers.34.Whydoestheauthormentiondollarstores?A.Toshowhowcompaniesdrawonconsumerinflexibility.B.Tohighlighthealthrisksforchildreninlow-incomeareas.C.Tocriticizetheiradditionofharmfulchemicalsinproducts.D.Tocompareproductqualitybetweendifferentincomegroups.35.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardpricediscrimination?A.Favourable. B.Skeptical. C.Objective. D.Disapproving.【答案】32.C33.C34.A35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍基于消费者选择灵活性的价格歧视现象及其对不同收入群体的影响。【32题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Thefindingsdemonstratedthatcompaniesthatutilizeconsumerinflexibilityarelikelytoboom,oftenattheexpenseofthosewiththeleastpowertochoose.(研究结果表明，utilize消费者缺乏灵活性的公司可能会蓬勃发展，这往往以牺牲那些选择能力最弱的公司为代价)”可知，与选择能力最弱的公司相对比，那些可能会繁荣的公司应该是利用消费者的不灵活性的公司，所以“utilize”的意思与“利用”意义相近。故选C项。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Theydon’tjustraisepriceswhencustomersaren’tabletoeasilyswitchtoacompetitor,forlow-incomeconsumerstheyreduceproductqualityaswell.(当顾客不能轻易转向竞争对手时，他们不仅会提高价格，对低收入消费者，他们还会降低产品质量。)”可知，当消费者缺乏购买选择时，公司倾向于为低收入群体降低产品质量。故选C项。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Dollarstores,forexample,oftenservelow-incomecommunitiesinsmallermarkets.Whentheseretailersrealizetheircustomershavelimitedalternatives,theyarelesslikelytokeeppriceslow.Moreover,testsrevealedthepresenceofpoisonouscomponentsincolorfullylabeledchildren’sproductsatAmericanandCanadiandollarstores.(例如，一元店通常为较小市场的低收入社区服务。当这些零售商意识到他们的客户没有太多选择时，他们就不太可能保持低价。此外，测试显示，在美国和加拿大的一元店，彩色标签的儿童产品中含有有毒成分。)”可知，作者提到一元店是为了展示公司如何利用消费者的不灵活性。故选A项。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Itshowsthatnewpoliciesarenecessarytoprotectvulnerableconsumerswithlimitedflexibilityfrompricediscrimination.(它表明，有必要制定新政策，以保护灵活性有限的弱势消费者免受价格歧视。)”可知，作者对价格歧视持不赞成的态度。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Asenvironmentalconcernsgrow,havinganenvironmentallyfriendlyhomeisbecomingincreasinglyimportanttomanypeople.___36___?Herearesomepracticalstepsyoucantake.ReplaceoldequipmentOlderequipmenttendstoconsumemoreenergythannewermodels.Anyequipmentwillgetolder.___37___.High-efficiencyequipmentcansignificantlyimpactenergyusageand,duringaremodel,mayprovideextraspacesincetheirsizesaregettingsmallerandsmaller.Fixenergy-efficientwindows___38___.However,ifyouhavesingle-pane(单层玻璃)windowsoriftherearenoticeablesignsofdamage,fixingenergy-efficientwindowscansaveyoumoneyinthelongrun.Themostenergy-efficientwindowsfeaturedoubleormorepanesofglasswithinert(惰性的)gasbetweenthepanes.___39___Abouthalfofahome’stotalenergyusagegoestowardheatingandcooling.Fixingasmartthermostatcanhelpyouadjustthetimesyouhaveyourheatingorcoolingrunningaccordingtoapre-setschedule,whichcanhelpyoucutenergybills.Accordingtoastudy,asmartthermostatcanreduceyourheatingandcoolingbillsbyupto8%.SwitchtosolarenergySolartechnologygenerateselectricityfromsunlightwithoutproducingpollutionorgreenhousegases,helpinghomeownerssaveonthecostsofwaterandelectricity.Youcanfixsolarpanelsonyourroof.Onebenefityoucangetistomakethesolarpanelsperfectlyintegratewithyourhome.___40___.Thisisagreatwaytobenefitbothyourselfandtheenvironment.A.ConsidersmarthomeclimatecontrolB.ReducehouseholdenergyconsumptionC.ReplacingwindowscanbequiteexpensiveD.ThebestwayistoreplacethembeforetheyfailE.AndtheotheristoreduceyourdailyenergyusageF.Doyouwanttomakeyourownhomemoreeco-friendlyG.Haveyoucreatedaneco-friendlyhometomakeyousuitable【答案】36.F37.D38.C39.A40.E【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了让家居更环保的一些实用步骤。【36题详析】根据空后“Herearesomepracticalstepsyoucantake.(这里有一些你可以采取的实际步骤)”以及空后的标点符号为问号可知，此空应是引出如何让家居更环保的问题。F选项“Doyouwanttomakeyourownhomemoreeco-friendly(你想让自己的家更环保吗)”以疑问句形式引出下文的环保步骤，符合语境。故选F项。【37题详析】根据空前“Olderequipmenttendstoconsumemoreenergythannewermodels.Anyequipmentwillgetolder.(旧设备往往比新型号消耗更多能源。任何设备都会老化)”及空后“High-efficiencyequipmentcansignificantlyimpactenergyusageand,duringaremodel,mayprovideextraspacesincetheirsizesaregettingsmallerandsmaller.(高效设备可显著影响能源使用，并且在翻新过程中可能提供额外空间，因为其尺寸正变得越来越小)”可知，此处讲述的是旧设备的缺点以及高效设备的优点，由此可推断，此空应讲述更换旧设备的内容。D选项“Thebestwayistoreplacethembeforetheyfail(最好的方法是在它们损坏之前更换它们)”中的replacethem与上下文的设备更换话题一致，符合语境。故选D项。【38题详析】根据空后“However,ifyouhavesingle-panewindowsoriftherearenoticeablesignsofdamage,fixingenergy-efficientwindowscansaveyoumoneyinthelongrun.(然而，如果你有单层玻璃窗或有明显的损坏迹象，从长远来看，安装节能窗户可以为你省钱)”中的However可知，此空应与安装节能窗户的缺点相关。C选项“Replacingwindowscanbequiteexpensive(更换窗户可能相当昂贵)”讲述更换窗户的费用问题，与空后形成转折关系，符合语境。故选C项。【39题详析】此处应为本段的小标题，与其他段落相同，应为祈使句。根据空后“Fixingasmartthermostatcanhelpyouadjustthetimesyouhaveyourheatingorcoolingrunningaccordingtoapre-setschedule,whichcanhelpyoucutenergybills.(修理智能恒温器可帮助你根据预设时间表调整供暖或制冷的运行时间，这能帮你降低能源费用。)”可知，本段讲述的内容与智能家居气候控制相关。A选项“Considersmarthomeclimatecontrol(考虑智能家居气候控制)”为祈使句，且能概括本段主题，适合作本段小标题。故选A项。【40题详析】根据空前“Onebenefityoucangetistomakethesolarpanelsperfectlyintegratewithyourhome.(你能得到的一个好处是让太阳能电池板与你的家完美融合)”中的Onebenefit可知，此空应讲述另一个好处。E选项“Andtheotheristoreduceyourdailyenergyusage(另一个是减少你的日常能源使用)”中的theother与空前的One形成呼应，讲述使用太阳能的另一个好处，符合语境。故选E项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Lastsummer,Iparticipatedinacommunityserviceprogramthatcompletelychangedmyworldview.Ourteamoftwentystudentsweredividedintothreegroupsto___41___differentsocialissues.Theenvironmentalteam___42___rehabilitatingthelocalriverecosystem.Armedwithspecializedtools,we___43___53kgofnon-biodegradablewaste,fromplasticbottlesto__