辽宁省多校联盟2024-2025学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1辽宁省多校联盟2024-2025学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题第一部分、听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．£19.15.B．£9.18.C．£9.15.答案是C。1.Whowilllookafterthekids?A.Thewoman. B.Theman’ssister. C.Theman’sfriend.【答案】C【原文】W:Who’sgoingtolookafterthekidswhilewearegoneforyoursister’swedding?M:Don’tworry.I’msendingthemtomyfriend’shouse.2.Whatkindoffooddoesthemanliketoeat?A.Italianfood. B.Mexicanfood. C.Americanfood.【答案】A【原文】W:Whatdoyouwanttoeatfordinnertonight?IfeellikeeatingMexicanfood,butDianalikesAmericanfood.M:Idon’twantanyofthem.Let’seatattheItalianrestaurantinstead.3.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Workharder. B.Getsomerest. C.Drinksometea.【答案】B【原文】M:Youlooklikeyoucanhardlykeepyoureyesopen,Rachel.Maybeyoushouldgohomeandgetsomerest.W:No,I’monlyalittletired.I’llbefineafterIdrinksomegreentea.4.Whatwillthewomandotonight?A.Cookdinnerherself.B.Lookafterhergrandmother.C.Visittheman’shouse.【答案】C【原文】M:Mygrandmotherwillcookalotofnicefoodtonight.Wouldyouliketocomeoverfordinner?W:Yes!Sheisawonderfulcook.I’llcomeearlytohelpherprepare.5.Whatisthewomanlookingfor?A.Herbag. B.Herkey. C.Hercar.【答案】B【原文】M:Thinkitovercarefully.Youmusthaveleftitsomewhere.W:ButtheproblemisthatIhavetohaveitnow.IneedittoopenthedoorwhenIgethome.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Howlongisitsincethespeakerslastmeteachother?A.Aboutoneyear. B.Abouttwoyears. C.Aboutfouryears.7.Wheredoesthewomanwork?A.Inafactory. B.Inauniversity. C.Inabank.【答案】6.A7.B【原文】M:Hi!Mary.Ihaven’tseenyouforages.W:Hi!John.Itmustbeaboutayear.M:Yes,wetalkedattheJohnsons’ChristmaspartylastDecember.Don’tyouremember?W:That’sright.Well,howareyou?Stillworkingforthefoodcompany?M:No,Ichangedmyjobthreemonthsago.I’mwiththeNationalBanknow.Howaboutyou?W:I’mstillteachingattheuniversity,butImovedfromtheGermanDepartmenttotheSpanishDepartment.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whenistheparty?A.OnMonday. B.OnSaturday. C.OnFriday.9.Howdidthemanfeelabouthisinterview?A.Bad. B.Verygood. C.Justso-so.【答案】8.B9.C【原文】W:Jack,congratulations!M:Thanks.W:Whendoyoustartthenewjob?M:NextMonday.I’mhavingapartyonSaturdaytocelebrate.Doyouwanttocome?W:Yes,thatsoundsgreat!Howwastheinterview?M:Ididn’tthinkitwentsowell,buttheycalledmebackinlaterandsaidthejobwasmine.W:Iknewyou’dgetit.You’retheperfectpersonforthejob.M:Ifeltnervousthroughouttheinterview.Myhandswereshaking.W:Butyougotit.Welldone.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10.Whatdoesthemanlike?A.Thewoman’shat. B.Thewoman’scoat. C.Thewoman’sdress.11.Howoftendoesthewomanbuyclothes?A.Everyweek. B.Onceamonth. C.Twiceayear.12.Whosescarfisthewomanwearing?A.Herown. B.Herfriend’s. C.Theman’s.【答案】10.A11.B12.B【原文】M:Ilovethathat.Youalwaysseemwelldressed.Doyoubuyalotofclothes?W:IusuallyliketobuysomethingwhenIgetpaid.M:Everyweek?W:No,Igetpaidonceamonth,andIliketobuymainlysecond-handclothes.M:Really?That’sunusual.W:Moreandmorepeopledoitthesedays.Youcanbuylotsofnicethingscheaply.M:Arealltheclothesyou’rewearingnowsecond-hand?W:Myhatandmydressare.Mycoatisnew,andIborrowedthisscarffrommyfriend.M:Youchosesomenicethings.Canyoubuysecond-handmen’sclothes?W:Ofcourse.Moreandmorepeoplewanttousethingsagaininsteadofthrowingthemaway.It’sbetterfortheenvironment.M:Yes,it’sagreatidea.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13.Wheredidthewomango?A.ToShanghai. B.ToBeijing. C.ToXi’an.14.Howdidthemangettohishotel?A.Bytaxi. B.Byboat. C.Bytrain.15.Whatdidthemandobeforegoingshopping?A.Hedranksomecoffee. B.Hetookaboattrip. C.HeclimbedtheShanghaiTower.16.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends. B.Driverandpassenger. C.Salesmanandcustomer.【答案】13.C14.A15.B16.A【原文】W:Hello,Marcus.HowwasyourtriptoShanghai?M:Itwasfun.Ilovedit.W:BetterthanBeijing?M:Itwaswarmer,certainly—butno,Ilikethemboth.HowdidyouenjoyyourtriptoXi’an?W:Wonderful.Suchaninterestingplace.M:I’dlovetogothere.W:So,tellmeaboutShanghai?Whathappened?M:Well,thefirstthingthathappenedwasonthetrainthere.Someoneaccidentallydroppedacupofcoffeeonme.W:Ohno!M:SoIhadwetclothesforhalfthejourney.W:That’sawful.M:Itwas.So,whenIgottothestation,Ijumpedinataxiandwentstraighttomyhotelforashower.W:Wasitanicehotel?M:Yes,anditwasplacedforallthetouristsights.Ifirsttookaboattrip,thendidsomeshopping,andwentuptheShanghaiTower.W:Soundslikeyouhavemadethemostofyourtrip.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Whichroadwasclosed?A.ThirdStreet. B.MainStreet. C.ColumbiaRoad.18.Howmanydriverswereinjuredintheaccident?A.Three. B.Four. C.Five.19.Whatdoesthelocalmanthinkaboutthecrossroads?A.It’sunsafe. B.It’scrowded. C.It’sbeautiful.20.Whatseasonisitnow?A.Spring. B.Summer. C.Winter.【答案】17.A18.C19.A20.C【原文】M:I’mhereatthesceneofthismorning’sMainStreetaccident.Thefour-waycrossroadsisalwaysbusyanddangerous.Becauseoftheiceontheroadtoday,itwasespeciallybad.ThecarsthatweredamagedintheaccidenthavebeenmovedoutofthewayontoThirdStreet,whichhasbeenclosed.Iamhappytotellyouthatallfivedriversreceivedonlysmallinjuries.Theyweretakentothelocalhospitaltobecheckedanyway.Thepoliceofficerwhocametothescenesaidthattheywereallverylucky.Onelocalmansaysthatheisalwaysafraidofwalkingacrossthisparticulargroupofroads.HeisverycarefulwhenheismovingacrossthiscrossroadsbetweenColumbiaRoadandFirstStreet,especiallyinwinter.“Springcannotcomesoonenough,”hesaid,“evenduringthesummertheseroadsaredangerous.”Thetrafficstartedonceagainjustnow,andapolicemanisdirectingtrafficinthecenterofthecrossroads.Pleasedrivesafelyoutthere.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AJobShadowingProgramAnnouncementWearethrilledtoannouncethelaunchofournewJobShadowingProgram,designedtoprovidehighschoolstudentswithfirsthandexperienceinvariouscareerfields.Thisprogramaimstohelpstudentsmakeinformeddecisionsabouttheirfuturecareerpathsbyofferingthemtheopportunitytoobserveprofessionalsintheirworkenvironment.ProgramDetails:Eligibility(资格)：Theprogramisopentoallhighschooljuniorsandseniorswhohaveadeepinterestinexploringdifferentcareeroptions.Duration:Thejobshadowingexperiencewilllastforoneweek,fromMarch1sttoMarch7th.FieldsAvailable:Studentscanchoosetoshadowprofessionalsinvariousfields,includinghealthcare,engineering,education,business,andtechnology.ApplicationProcess:Interestedstudentsmustsubmitanapplicationform,aresume,andashortessayexplainingwhytheywanttojoinintheprogramandwhattheyhopetogainfromtheexperience.TheapplicationdeadlineisFebruary10th.HowtoApply:VisitOurWebsite:Gotodownloadtheapplicationformandfinddetailedinstructionsonhowtoapply.Submit(提交)YourApplication:Emailyourcompletedapplication,resume,andessaytoapplications@byFebruary10th.ContactUs:Formoreinformation,pleasevisitourwebsiteorcontactourprogramcoordinatorat(555)123-7890oremailinfo@.Weareheretoassistyouwithanyquestionyoumayhave.21.WhymightstudentswishtojoinintheJobShadowingProgram?A.Totraveltodifferentcountries.B.Toearnmoneyduringtheprogram.C.Totakeafull-timejobimmediatelyafterhighschool.D.Togainpracticalexperienceandexplorepotentialcareerpaths.22.Whatisonerequirementforeligibilitytojoinintheprogram?A.Beingahighschoolfreshman.B.Beingeitherahighschooljuniororsenior.C.Havingpriorworkexperience.D.Havingastronginterestinonlyonespecificcareerfield.23.Whatcanwelearnabouttheapplicationprocess?A.TheapplicationdeadlineisMarch1st.B.Studentsneedtosubmitarecommendationletter.C.Applicantsmustsubmitashortessayexplainingtheirinterest.D.Studentsmustbeintheirfinalyearofhighschooltoapply.【答案】21.D22.B23.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了某机构推出的“职业见习计划”，面向高中生提供职场体验机会，介绍了项目详情、申请流程及联系方式。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“WearethrilledtoannouncethelaunchofournewJobShadowingProgram,designedtoprovidehighschoolstudentswithfirsthandexperienceinvariouscareerfields.Thisprogramaimstohelpstudentsmakeinformeddecisionsabouttheirfuturecareerpathsbyofferingthemtheopportunitytoobserveprofessionalsintheirworkenvironment.(我们很高兴地宣布推出新的职业见习计划，旨在为高中生提供各种职业领域的第一手经验。该计划旨在通过为学生提供在工作环境中观察专业人士的机会，帮助他们对未来的职业道路做出明智的决定)”可知，项目核心是让学生获得实践经验并探索潜在职业路径。故选D。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据“Eligibility(资格)”部分“Theprogramisopentoallhighschooljuniorsandseniorswhohaveadeepinterestinexploringdifferentcareeroptions.(该计划向所有对探索不同职业选择有浓厚兴趣的高中三年级和四年级学生开放)”可知，资格要求是高中三年级或四年级学生。故选B。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据“ApplicationProcess”部分“Interestedstudentsmustsubmitanapplicationform,aresume,andashortessayexplainingwhytheywanttojoinintheprogramandwhattheyhopetogainfromtheexperience.(感兴趣的学生必须提交申请表、简历和一篇短文，解释他们为什么想参加该计划以及希望从这次经历中获得什么)”可知,申请人必须提交一篇解释其兴趣的短文。故选C。BYaoZhihui,anexperiencedhigh-speedtrainelectrician,isdevotedtoherwork.Noissueisnotimportantforhertosolve.“Eachhigh-speedrailcarhas19,726wireharnesses(线束)andnearly100,000connectionpoints,”saidYao,37,whoworksforCRRCChangchunRailwayVehicles,ahigh-speedtrainmanufacturerbasedinNortheastChina’sJilinProvince.AftergraduatingfromNortheastElectricPowerUniversityin2011,Yaowasemployedbythecompany.Sincethen,shehasdealtwithnearly50keyproductionprocessesfor13typesofhigh-speedtrainsandsolved76technicalissues.Atfirst,shewasn’tclearaboutthespecificsofherjob.Shewasarrangedtoconnecttrainwires,whichrequiresremovinginsulation(绝缘层).Toaccuratelyremoveit,shepracticedover200timeseveryday.Sheandhercolleaguesworkedwithinaspaceoflessthanfivesquaremeters,soshehadtokneel(跪着)toworkfortwotothreehoursatatime.Yaodiscoveredlaterthatdespitehavingthesamestandards,thecompletionwasquitedifferentamongworkers—somewireendshadburrs(毛刺),somewirecoilswereoutofshape.Theseissuesmightseemunimportantonthesurface,buttheybroughtsafetyriskstotrainoperations.Yaospentamonththinkingoutasolutionandcreatedfiveelectricalsampleboards(样板).Everywire’sconnectionpoints,wiringpositionsanddirectionswereshownindetailoneachboard.Aslongaswiringisdoneaccordingtothisstandard,thequalitywillbeensured.Yaohasbeendevelopingherskillsandimprovingherwork,startingfromupgradingblueprints,improvingtoolsandsettingstandards,whilealsoconstantlysummarizingthetechnicalchallengesinimprovingwiringefficiency,whichhasgreatlyincreasedproductionefficiencyandreducedproductioncostsinpracticalapplications.Yaowasawardedasoneofthecompany’stoptenoutstandingyoungemployees.“IhopetoinspiremorecolleagueswithmyactionsandcollectivelyworktowardscreatingashiningexampleforChinesemanufacturing,”shesaid.24.WhatisYao’smainjobatCRRCChangchunRailwayVehicles?A.Designingadvancedhigh-speedsampletrains.B.Managingallthecompany’sdailyoperations.C.Connectingwiresandsolvingtechnicalissues.D.Trainingnewworkersinmanufacturingskills.25.Whatdothefiguresinparagraph3show?A.Yaowasgoodatgettingwellwithothers.B.Yaofounditeasytocleartheinsulationoftrainwires.C.Yaosparednoefforttodoherworkwell.D.Yaolearnedtheimportanceofherworkatgreatpains.26.WhatproblemdidYaoZhihuifind?A.Theformersampleboardswerenotshown.B.Notallwireconnectionsweresatisfactory.C.Theworkershadapoorawarenessofgoals.D.Therewerenodetailsinavoidingsafetyrisks.27.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeYao?A.Kindandemotional. B.Creativeandresponsible.C.Humorousandoutgoing. D.Caringanddetermined.【答案】24.C25.C26.B27.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司经验丰富的高速列车电工姚智慧。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Sincethen,shehasdealtwithnearly50keyproductionprocessesfor13typesofhigh-speedtrainsandsolved76technicalissues.(从那时起，她处理了13种高速列车的近50个关键生产工艺，解决了76个技术问题)”以及第三段“Shewasarrangedtoconnecttrainwires,whichrequiresremovinginsulation(绝缘层).(她被安排连接火车电线，这需要拆除绝缘)”可知，姚智慧在长春中车的主要工作是接线，解决技术问题。故选C。【25题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Toaccuratelyremoveit,shepracticedover200timeseveryday.Sheandhercolleaguesworkedwithinaspaceoflessthanfivesquaremeters,soshehadtokneel(跪着)toworkfortwotothreehoursatatime.(为了准确去除，她每天练习200多次。她和她的同事们在一个不到5平方米的空间里工作，所以她每次不得不跪着工作两到三个小时)”可知，第三段中的数字说明了姚智慧不遗余力地做好她的工作。故选C。【26题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Yaodiscoveredlaterthatdespitehavingthesamestandards,thecompletionwasquitedifferentamongworkers—somewireendshadburrs(毛刺),somewirecoilswereoutofshape.Theseissuesmightseemunimportantonthesurface,buttheybroughtsafetyriskstotrainoperations.(姚智慧后来发现，尽管有相同的标准，但工人之间的完成情况却大不相同——一些电线末端有毛刺，一些电线线圈变形了。从表面上看，这些问题似乎不重要，但它们给列车运营带来了安全风险)”可知，姚智慧发现尽管有相同的标准，但工人的完成情况差异很大，一些电线末端有毛刺，一些电线线圈变形，即并非所有的电线连接都令人满意。故选B。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Yaospentamonththinkingoutasolutionandcreatedfiveelectricalsampleboards(样板).Everywire’sconnectionpoints,wiringpositionsanddirectionswereshownindetailoneachboard.Aslongaswiringisdoneaccordingtothisstandard,thequalitywillbeensured.(姚智慧花了一个月的时间想出了一个解决方案，并制作了五块电子样品板。每根导线的连接点、接线位置和方向都在每块板上详细标明。只要按照这个标准布线，质量就有保证)”以及倒数第二段“Yaohasbeendevelopingherskillsandimprovingherwork,startingfromupgradingblueprints,improvingtoolsandsettingstandards,whilealsoconstantlysummarizingthetechnicalchallengesinimprovingwiringefficiency,whichhasgreatlyincreasedproductionefficiencyandreducedproductioncostsinpracticalapplications.(姚智慧从升级图纸、改进工具、制定标准等方面着手，不断提高自己的技能和工作水平，同时也不断总结提高布线效率的技术挑战，在实际应用中大大提高了生产效率，降低了生产成本)”可知，姚智慧发现问题并解决了问题，说明她有创造力，同时她提高了生产效率，降低了生产成本，说明对工作有责任心。故选B。CStudieshaveshownthatwritingbyhandcanhaveenormous(极大的)beneficialimpactsintermsofmemory,braindevelopment,andeventhequalityofwritingitself.Somemightsaythathandwritinghasbecomeadyingartsincetheadventofthetypewriterinthemid1880s,evenmoresoduetocomputers.Infact,nowadays,someschoolsintheUnitedStatesnolongerrequireteachinghandwritingasapartofthemaincourses.However,despitethesensethatwritingonpaperisoutoffashion,itactuallyhasanumberofveryimportantstrengths.Writingbyhandisnotonlyimportantforlanguageprocessingandmemory,butitisalsoimportantformentaldevelopment.Inlearningtowritebyhand,thehumanbrainmustcombinefeeling,movementcontrol,andthinking.Forwhateverreason,itdoesnotdosowhenlearningtotype.Writingbyhandisgoodformentalhealth,andtherearesomestudiesthatcanproveit.Writingonpapercanhelpstudentsrecallmaterialbetterthantypingonakeyboard.Similarly,astudyfrom2014showsthatcomparedtowritingbyhand,takingnotesonalaptopresultsinalessdeepabsorptionofthelearnedmaterial.Thisisbecausewhenusingalaptop,studentswilloftentypeoutlectureswordforwordinsteadofprocessinginformationandrewordingitintheirownlanguage.Theseadvantagesactuallytranslatetohowyourecalltheinformation.Inthiscase,writingbyhandinsteadoftypingalsohelpsstudentsdobetteronexams.Childrenwritelongerandmorecomplexessayswhentheyarewritingbyhand,comparedwithusingakeyboard.Childrenusuallydobetterwritingwithapenwhentheywriteessays.Theywritemoreandfaster.Thenexttimeyouwanttositdowntowriteanemailtoalovedone,whynottrywritingahandwrittenletterinstead?Itcanbemorebeneficialtoyourbrain.Plus,thepersonaltouchofahandwrittenlettercanmakeyourmessageevenmorespecialandmemorable.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“advent”inparagraph2mean?A.Rent. B.Request. C.Alarm. D.Appearance.29.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytellusabouthandwriting?A.Itsadvantages. B.Itstypes. C.Itsdevelopment. D.Itsrequirements.30.Whathappenswhenstudentsusealaptopinsteadofapentotakenotes?A.Theyrecallmorewords.B.Theydobetterinwritingessays.C.Theyarelessconfidentabouttheirexams.D.Theyhavealowerunderstandingofthematerial.31.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthelastparagraph?A.Tomakeasuggestion. B.Toexpressthanks.C.Tohonourlovedones. D.Toshareapersonalexperience.【答案】28.D29.A30.D31.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章阐述了手写相较于打字在记忆、大脑发育和写作质量方面的显著优势，并建议读者尝试手写以获得更多益处。【28题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“Infact,nowadays,someschoolsintheUnitedStatesnolongerrequireteachinghandwritingasapartofthemaincourses.(事实上，如今美国的一些学校已不再将手写作为主要课程的一部分来进行教学。)”可知，有人可能会说，自从19世纪80年代中期打字机出现以来，手写已经成为一种濒临消亡的艺术，而在电脑出现后更是如此。由此可知，此处想表达的是“自从打字机出现后，手写就不如以前流行了”，advent意为“出现”。故选D。【29题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Writingbyhandisnotonlyimportantforlanguageprocessingandmemory,butitisalsoimportantformentaldevelopment.Inlearningtowritebyhand,thehumanbrainmustcombinefeeling,movementcontrol,andthinking.Forwhateverreason,itdoesnotdosowhenlearningtotype.(手写不仅对语言处理和记忆很重要，而且对大脑发育也很重要。在学习手写的过程中，人类大脑必须将感觉、运动控制和思维结合起来。不管出于什么原因，在学习打字时，大脑并不会这样做。)”可知，第三段主要讲述了手写对语言处理、记忆和大脑发育的重要性，这些都是手写的优点。故选A。【30题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Similarly,astudyfrom2014showsthatcomparedtowritingbyhand,takingnotesonalaptopresultsinalessdeepabsorptionofthelearnedmaterial.Thisisbecausewhenusingalaptop,studentswilloftentypeoutlectureswordforwordinsteadofprocessinginformationandrewordingitintheirownlanguage.(同样，2014年的一项研究表明，与手写相比，用笔记本电脑记笔记会导致对所学材料的吸收不够深入。这是因为当使用笔记本电脑时，学生通常会逐字逐句地打出讲座内容，而不是处理信息并用他们自己的语言重新表述。)”可知，当学生使用笔记本电脑而不是笔来记笔记时，他们对材料的理解较低。故选D。【31题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thenexttimeyouwanttositdowntowriteanemailtoalovedone,whynottrywritingahandwrittenletterinstead?Itcanbemorebeneficialtoyourbrain.Plus,thepersonaltouchofahandwrittenlettercanmakeyourmessageevenmorespecialandmemorable.(下次你想坐下来给心爱的人写电子邮件时，为什么不试试写一封手写信呢？这对你的大脑更有益。此外，手写信件的个人触感可以让你的信息更加特别和难忘。)”可知，作者在最后一段建议读者尝试手写信件。故选A。DAraremoss(苔藓)calledtakakiahasadaptedoverhundredsofmillionsofyearstosurvivetheextremesoflifeontheQinghai-TibetPlateau.Andthereisateamofresearcherswhohavebeenstudyingthemossfornearlytenyears.Takakiaincludesjusttwospecies,bothofwhicharefoundonlyontheQinghai-TibetPlateau.Takakiainthislocationhasbeenburiedundersnowforeightmonthsoftheyear,anditfacedstrongUVrayswhenitcamefromitssnowycover.Takakiahasbeendevelopinghereforover65millionyears,withthehabitatincreasinglybecomingextreme.Theresearchersrecordhowclimatechangehasgreatlychangedthemoss’habitatwithinjustafewyears.Andtheteamissurprisedtofindtakakia’sshapein165million-year-oldfossils(化石),showingthatgeneticchangesaffectingtheshapedevelopedmorethan165millionyearsagounderwildlydifferentconditions.Despitehavinghundredsofmillionsofyearstoadapttoclimatechange,thelittlemosswillbeendediftheglobalclimatekeepsgettingwarmer.Sincetheybegantakingmeasurementsoftakakia’shabitatintheearly2010s,theresearchershavedescribedanaveragetemperatureincreaseofalmost0.5℃peryear.Meanwhile,theglacier(冰川)nearsamplesitesismeltingatanalarmingpace-around50metersperyear.Theresearchersnotethattakakia’spopulationshavebecomesignificantlysmalleroverthestudyperiod.Duringthetenyears,thecoverageoftakakia’spopulationsdecreasedby1.6%everyyear,fasterthanthatoffourlocalcommonmosses—atrendtheyexpecttocontinue.“Ourstudyshowshowvaluabletakakiaisintracingthedevelopmentoflandplants.Thepopulationreductionwefoundisfrightening,”aresearchersays.“Luckily,knowingthattheplantisthreatenedbyextinctionalsogivesusachancetoprotectit.Forexample,wecangrowitinthelab,”anotherresearchersays.“Takakiahasseenthedinosaurscomeandgo.Ithasseenushumanscoming.Nowwecanlearnsomethingaboutadaptiveabilityandextinctionfromthismoss.”32.WhatcanbeinferredabouttakakiaontheQinghai-TibetPlateaufromthetext?A.Itshabitatisfreefromsnow.B.IthasbeendevelopingwildlyinChina.C.Ithasadaptedtoextremeconditionsforquiteatime.D.Itsgeneshavebeenunchangedformillionsofyears.33.Whatmightbethemainthreattotakakiaaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Theriseofglacialwater. B.Humanharvesting.C.Thecompetitionwiththelocalmosses. D.Globalwarming.34.Whatistheattitudeofthetworesearchersinthelastparagraphtotakakia?A.Curious. B.Concerned. C.Indifferent. D.Impatient.35.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheAncientHistoryofTakakia B.TheUniqueAdaptiveAbilityofTakakiaC.TheThreatenedSurvivalofTakakia D.TheRapidlyIncreasingPopulationofTakakia【答案】32.C33.D34.B35.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述角叶藻苔在青藏高原长期适应极端环境，现因全球变暖数量锐减，生存受威胁【32题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Araremoss(苔藓)calledtakakiahasadaptedoverhundredsofmillionsofyearstosurvivetheextremesoflifeontheQinghai-TibetPlateau.(一种名为‘角叶藻苔’的稀有苔藓已经在数亿年的时间里适应了青藏高原极端的生存环境。)”以及第二段“Takakiahasbeendevelopinghereforover65millionyears,withthehabitatincreasinglybecomingextreme.(角叶藻苔已经在这里发展了超过6500万年，其栖息地越来越极端。)”可知，角叶藻苔在相当长的一段时间里已经适应了极端条件。故选C。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Despitehavinghundredsofmillionsofyearstoadapttoclimatechange,thelittlemosswillbeendediftheglobalclimatekeepsgettingwarmer.(尽管有数亿年的时间来适应气候变化，但如果全球气候继续变暖，这种小苔藓将会灭绝。)”可知，对角叶藻苔的主要威胁是全球变暖。故选D。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Ourstudyshowshowvaluabletakakiaisintracingthedevelopmentoflandplants.Thepopulationreductionwefoundisfrightening,’aresearchersays.‘Luckily,knowingthattheplantisthreatenedbyextinctionalsogivesusachancetoprotectit.’(一位研究人员说：‘我们的研究表明，角叶藻苔在追踪陆地植物的发展方面是多么有价值。我们发现的数量减少是令人恐惧的。幸运的是，知道这种植物受到灭绝的威胁也给了我们一个保护它的机会。’)”可知，研究人员认为角叶藻苔数量减少令人恐惧，并且提到要保护它，所以他们对角叶藻苔的态度是担忧的。故选B。【35题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了角叶藻苔在青藏高原适应极端环境生存了很长时间，但是由于全球气候变暖，其栖息地发生变化，数量显著减少，面临灭绝的威胁。所以C选项TheThreatenedSurvivalofTakakia(角叶藻苔受到威胁的生存状况)符合文章主旨，可以作为最佳标题。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoProtectYourOnlineSecurityIntoday’sdigitalage,protectingyouronlinesecurityismoreimportantthanever.Withtheincreaseincyber(网络的)threats,it’scrucialtotakestepstosafeguardyourpersonalinformation.___36___Followthesetipstoenhanceyouronlinesecurityandprotectyourdata.___37___Oneofthesimplestyetmosteffectivewaystoprotectyouronlineaccountsistousestrong,uniquepasswordsforeachone.Avoidusingthesamepasswordacrossmultiplesites,andmakesureeachpasswordiscomplexanddifficulttoguess.Avoidusingeasilyguessableinformationlikeyournameorbirthdate.Considerusingapasswordmanagertokeeptrackofyourpasswordssecurely.Enabletwo-factorauthentication(双重验证).Two-factorauthenticationaddsanextralayerofsecuritytoyouronlineaccounts.___38___Thismakesitmuchharderforhackerstogainaccesstoyouraccounts,eveniftheyhaveyourpassword.BecarefulaboutpublicWi-Fi.PublicWi-Finetworksareconvenientbutcanberisky.___39___IfyoumustusepublicWi-Fi,considerusingavirtualprivatenetwork(VPN)toencrypt(把……加密)yourinternetconnectionandprotectyourdata.Keepyoursoftwareuptodate.Softwareupdatesoftenincludeimportantsecuritypatchesthatfixvulnerabilities.___40___Thisincludesyouroperatingsystem,webbrowser,andanyappyouuseregularly.A.Usestrong,uniquepasswords.B.Protectingyouronlinesecuritydoesn’thavetobecomplex.C.It’sessentialtobeawareofthepotentialrisksandtakestepstominimizethem.D.Becarefulofclickingonlinksordownloadingattachmentsfromunknownsources.E.Makesuretoupdateallyourdevicesandapplicationsassoonasupdatesareavailable.F.Itrequiresyoutoconfirmyouridentityusingasecondmethod,suchasatextmessage.G.It’simportanttostayinformedaboutthelatestcybersecuritythreatsandhowtoprotectyourself.【答案】36.B37.A38.F39.C40.E【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就保护个人网络安全提出了一些建议。【36题详析】根据上文“Intoday’sdigitalage,protectingyouronlinesecurityismoreimportantthanever.Withtheincreaseincyberthreats,it’scrucialtotakestepstosafeguardyourpersonalinformation.(在当今的数字时代，保护你的在线安全比以往任何时候都更加重要。随着网络威胁的增加，采取措施保护你的个人信息至关重要)”以及后文“Followthesetipstoenhanceyouronlinesecurityandprotectyourdata.(遵循以下建议，加强你的网上保安及保护你的资料)”可知，本句为过渡句，引出保护网络安全的话题。故B选项“保护你的网络安全并不复杂”符合语境，故选B。【37题详析】根据后文“Oneofthesimplestyetmosteffectivewaystoprotectyouronlineaccountsistousestrong,uniquepasswordsforeachone.Avoidusingthesamepasswordacrossmultiplesites,andmakesureeachpasswordiscomplexanddifficulttoguess.Avoidusingeasilyguessableinformationlikeyournameorbirthdate.Considerusingapasswordmanagertokeeptrackofyourpasswordssecurely.(保护你的网上帐户最简单但最有效的方法之一是为每个帐户使用强大的、唯一的密码。避免在多个站点使用相同的密码，并确保每个密码都复杂且难以猜测。避免使用容易被猜测的信息，比如你的名字或出生日期。考虑使用密码管理器来安全地跟踪您的密码)”可知，后文主要建议使用复杂的密码来管理密码。故A选项“使用强大而独特的密码”符合语境，故选A。【38题详析】根据上文“Enabletwo-factorauthentication.Two-factorauthenticationaddsanextralayerofsecuritytoyouronlineaccounts.(启用双重验证。双重验证为你的在线帐户增加了额外的安全层)”可知，本句承接上文，说明双重验证是如何保证账户安全的。故F选项“它要求你用第二种方法来确认你的身份，比如发短信”符合语境，故选F。【39题详析】根据上文“BecarefulaboutpublicWi-Fi.PublicWi-Finetworksareconvenientbutcanberisky.(小心公共Wi-Fi。公共Wi-Fi网络很方便，但也有风险)”可知，本句承接上文，说明小心公共Wi-Fi的原因，故C选项“意识到潜在的风险并采取措施将其降到最低是很重要的”符合语境，故选C。【40题详析】根据上文“Keepyoursoftwareuptodate.Softwareupdatesoftenincludeimportantsecuritypatchesthatfixvulnerabilities.(保持你的软件是最新的。软件更新通常包括修复漏洞的重要安全补丁)”可知，本段主要建议更新软件，E选项updateallyourdevicesandapplications对应Keepyours