甘肃省酒泉市酒泉中学高三下学期开校第一次诊断考试英语试题

2018年甘肃省酒泉市酒泉中学开校英语第一次诊断考试本试卷分第=1\*ROMANI卷(选择题)和第=2\*ROMANII卷（非选择题）两部分。满分120分，考试时间为100分钟。第I卷（共70分）第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。ACuyahogaValleyBuildingamunityofParkStewardsPositionTitle:WildlifeVolunteer–ButterflyMonitors(2positions)Dates:MidMaytoSeptember,2018Hours:8~16hours/weekLocation:CuyahogaDuties:Parkstaffwilltrainvolunteersinbutterflyidentificationanddatarecordingforoneweekbeforevolunteersworkinteamoftwotohelptrackbutterflymonitoringareas.Butterflymonitoringareasare1~2milesinlengthandarewalkedonetimeperweek.Thereareatotalofthreebutterflymonitoringareaswithinthepark.Butterfliesareidentifiedbyusingbinoculars（望远镜）orbynettingandreleasing.Dataisrecordedondatasheets.SkillsRequired:Applicantsmusthaveselfmotivationanddesiretoworkwithothers.Volunteerswillworkduringdayswhentemperatureis70degreesormore,between10:30amand5pm.Abilitytowalkalongdistanceinhotandhumidconditionsisneeded.Skillswithbasicbutterflyidentificationarenotamustbuthelpful.Requirements:ApplicantsmustpleteaNationalParkServiceAgreementandhavetheirbackgroundslookedinto.U.S.citizenshipisrequired.ApplicantsmustbecurrentKentHowtoApply:PleaserequestanapplicationfromMikeJohnsonatandsenditbacktoMikeJohnsonat,withtheabovepositiontitleasthesubject,byFebruary15,2018.Ifofferedaninterview,pleaseetoCuyahogaForfurtherinformation,pleasecallJamieWaltersat(330)6572142oremail.1.Whatwillavolunteerdointhisprogram?A.Walk1~2mileseveryday. B.Helpmakeadatarecord.C.Workatleast16hoursperweek. D.Identifybutterflymonitoringareas.2.Applicantsforthejobmust______.A.havetheskillsofbutterflyidentification B.beuniversitygraduatesC.havetheirbackgroundschecked D.designaprogram3.Toapplyforthepassion,oneneedsto______.A.sendtheapplicationtoB.visitJamieWaltersattheofficeC.handinaresumebeforeFebruary15D.call(330)6572142B“Hi,Mrs.Grady,”saidMarkwhentheirneighboropenedherdoor.“Wouldyoulikeustoshovel（铲）yoursidewalkanddriveway?”ShovelingwasJamie’sidea,awaytoearnenoughmoneyforthenewOceanMrs.Gradywashappy,“Thatwouldbewonderful,boys.Ithinkthejobisgettingtobetoomuchforme.”“Itwillcost10dollars,”Jamiesaid.“Ifthat’sOK,”Markadded.“Ohdear,”Mrs.Gradysaiddisappointedly,“Ihaven’tbeenabletogettothebank.Icanofferhomemadecookies,butIrealizethat’snotwhatyouhadinmind.”MarkwasgoingtosaythatMrs.Gradycouldpaythemanothertime,butJamiecuthimoff.“We’llebacklater.”Mrs.Gradydoesn’tlooklikethepersonwho’detoMark’srescuelastsummerwhenMr.Dunn’sdogGoldiehadjustwantedtoplay,butMarkdidn’tfeelfortablearoundbigdogs.Hewantedtocallforhelp,buthistongueseemedlockedbehindhisteeth.ThenMrs.Grady’sfrontdoorhadflownopen.Shemusthaveseenhimfromacrossthestreet.“Holdon,Mark.I’ming!”“Goldie”she’dcalled.AssoonasGoldiehadturnedherhead,Mrs.GradyhadslippedbetweenMarkandthedog.Shewasn’tmuchtallerthanMark,butshe’dstoodfirmasarockinfrontofhim.“Goldie,gohome!”Thenshe’dsweptherbroomtohurrythedogalong.“Get!”Goldiehadobeyed.WhenMarkshowedthankstoMrs.Grady,Mrs.Gradylaughed.“Itwasnothing.Goodneighborswatchoutforeachother,don’tthey?”AndnowMrs.GradyneededMarkasmuchashe’dneededherlastsummer.HesmiledandwavedatMrs.Grady,thenhisshoveldeepintothesnow.“Hey!”Jamieshouted.“Whatareyoudoing?”Markcouldn’texplainaboutGoldieandwatchingoutforneighbors.“IlikeMrs.Grady’scookies,”hesaid.4.WhydidJamieandMarkplantoclearthesnowforMrs.Gradyatfirst?A.Tohelpthelady. B.TovisitNewKingdom.C.Toearnpocketmoney. D.Todovolunteerwork.5.Mrs.Gradycouldn’tpaythemmostprobablybecause________.A.shecouldn’tfindthebank B.shedidn’thaveenoughcashC.shethoughtitwasworthless D.shecouldn’taffordit6.Accordingtothestory,whichofthefollowingwordscanbeusedtodescribeMrs.Gradybest?A.Helpful. B.Hopeful. C.Hardworking. D.Greedy.7.Whichofthefollowingproverbcanbestsummarizethestory?A.Apennysavedisapennyearned. B.Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.C.Kindnessisrepaidwithkindness. D.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.CAccordingtonewresearchfromtheUniversityofCambridgeinEngland,sheepareabletorecognizehumanfacesfromphotographs.Thefarmanimals,whoaresocialandhavelargebrains,werepreviouslyknowntobeabletorecognizeoneanother,aswellasfamiliarhumans.However,theirabilitytorecognizehumanfacesfromphotosaloneisnovel.Therecentstudy,theresultsofwhichwerepublishedinthejournalRoyalSociety:OpenScience,showsthewoollycreaturescouldbetrainedtorecognizestillimagesofhumanfaces,includingthoseofformerPresidentBarackObamaandactressEmmaWatson.Initially,thesheepweretrainedtoapproachcertainimagesbybeinggivenfoodrewards.Later,theywereabletorecognizetheimagesforwhichtheyhadbeenrewarded.Thesheepcouldevenrecognizeimagesoffacesshownatanangle,thoughtheirabilitytodosodeclinedbyabout15percent—thesamerateatwhichahuman’sabilitytoperformthesametaskdeclines.“Anyonewhohasspenttimeworkingwithsheepwillknowthattheyareintelligent,individualanimalswhoareabletorecognizetheirhandlers,”saidProfessorJennyMorton,wholedtheCambridgestudy.“We’veshownwithourstudythatsheephaveadvancedfacerecognitionabilities,parablewiththoseofhumansandmonkeys.”Recognizingfacesisoneofthemostimportantsocialskillsforhumanbeings,andsomedisordersofthebrain,includingHuntington’sdisease,affectthisability.“Sheeparelonglivedandhavebrainsthataresimilarinsizeandplexitytothoseofsomemonkeys.Thatmeanstheycanbeusefulmodelstohelpusunderstanddisordersofthebrain,suchasHuntington’sdisease,thatdevelopoveralongtimeandaffectcognitiveabilities.Ourstudygivesusanotherwaytomonitorhowtheseabilitieschange,”Mortonsaid.8.Accordingtothenewresearch,what’sunusualaboutsheep?A.Theyhavelargebrains.B.Theycanrecognizehumanfacesfromphotographs.C.Theycantellanimalsfromhumans.D.Theycanrecognizetheirowners.9.Howdidtheresearcherstrainthesheep?A.Byguidingthemtofollowtheirhandlers.B.Byshowingphotosoffamouspeople.C.Byshowingphotosofhumansandmonkeysbyturns.D.Bygivingfoodrewards.10.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Thenewdiscoveryisbeneficialtothestudyofcognitiveabilitychanges.B.Thesheep’sfacerecognitionabilitystaysthesamewhenshownphotosatanyangle.C.Sheephaveahigherfacerecognitionabilitythanmonkeys.D.Thesheep’sfacerecognitionabilitymaypreventsomedisordersofthebrain.11.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A.AWonderfulScientist B.HowSheepRecognizeEachOtherC.ANewdiscoveryaboutSheep D.TheLifeofSheepDThewordtoleranceiswidelyusedinliberaldemocracies(自由民主).Itindicatesapositivemeaning.Politiciansurgeustobetoleranttowardsminorities.Educatorsteachustobetoleranttowardstheother.Thepressisfullofreferencestotheneedtodisplaytolerancewhenfacedwithindividualsorgroupsespousing(拥护)adifferentvieworholdingadifferentreligiousbelief.Atolerantsocietyisanobjectivesoughtafterbyanyonewhobelievesinthevaluesofdemocracy.Atolerantindividualisattributed(认为……是)withvirtuousqualities.Thequestionwemustaskiswhetherwehavebeenusingthewordtolerancefullyawareofitsmeaningandwhetherwehaveapplieditcorrectlytoreflectwhatwereallywishtoconvey.Thewordtolerancemeanstobear,ortobearwith.IfItoleratesomethingorsomeone,IbasicallysaythatIamreadytobearitorhim.Icantolerateabadsmelloranoisyneighbour.Theactoftolerationforcesmetodesistfromconveyingmyobjectiontotheexistenceofaphenomenon,whichIfinddifficulttobear.Abadsmelloranoisyneighbourisconsideredbymetobeanobjectionablephenomenon.Bytoleratingeitherofthem,Iamnottransformingthebadsmellorthenoisyneighbourintopositivephenomena.Let'sbehonest:Idon'thaveadifferenttastewhenitestobadsmells.Isimplydislikeitandwishthatitdisappears.Idon'trespectthenoisyneighbour.IwouldratherhavehimstopatoncethenoiseheismakingsoIcanliveinpeace.

Atolerantattitudeinvolvesthegrant(授给物)ofafavour,notaright.Thequestionweshouldaskourselvesiswhetherwewouldeverwishaparliament(议会)tomakelawsaccordingtocertainactionsinterpretedasafavourratherthanaright?Indeed,wouldweeverwishanyonetolistentoourviewsandacceptusthewaywearesimplybecauseheiskindenoughtotolerateus?12.Thefirsttwoparagraphsaremainlyintendedtoshowthat__________.A.toleranceisasymbolofliberaldemocraciesB.people’sunderstandingoftoleranceisonesidedC.democraticsocietyalwaysadvocatestoleranceD.tolerancecanbeappliedtomanysituations13.Theunderlinedpart“desistfrom”inParagraph3canbereplacedby“________’.

A.deny

B.dislike

C.stop

D.keep

14.Theexampleofabadsmellandanoisyneighbourisraisedtoindicatethat_________.A.toleratingthemisn’tavirtuousact

B.mostpeoplefindthemhardtotolerate

C.thewriterisn’tprejudicedagainstthem

D.thewriterarefedupwiththem

15.Thebesttitleforthispassageshouldbe“___________”.A.Toleranceandrespect

B.Whatistobetolerated?C.Shouldpeoplebetolerant?

D.IsToleranceaVirtue?

第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。（注意：E涂AB；F涂AC；G涂AD）petitorswhowearredwinmorethanthosethataredressedinanyothercolor,accordingtostudyinGermany.

16

Expertsbelievethatredcouldmakeindividualsandteamsfeelmoreconfidentaswellasbeingperceivedbyothersasmoreaggressive.17

Ontheotherhand,theresultscouldsuggestthatthesuccessofthoseteamshasgiventhosethatweartheredcolormoreconfident.Thestudy,byGermansportspsychologistsattheUniversityofMunster,wasreportedinNewScientistmagazine.Theyshowedvideorecordingoftaekwondomatchesto42experiencedreferees.Onefighterworeblueandtheotherworered.Theythenshowedthemthesamerecordingsbutdigitallymanipulatedtheclothingtoexchangethecolors.

18

“Ifonepetitorisstrongandtheotherisweak,itwon’tchangetheouteofthefight,”saidNorbertHagemann,wholedthestudy.

“

19In2004scientistsatDurhamUniversityalsolookedathowcolorinfluencedsportingpetitiveness.TheyanalyzedOlympiccontestsportssuchasboxing,taekwondo,andfreestylewrestlingandfoundthatnearly55%ofwhichwerewonbythepetitorinred.“

20A.

Itisthecoloroffireandisoftenassociatedwithenergy,danger,strength,power,anddetermination.B.

ThefindingscouldexplainwhyManchesterUnited,LiverpoolandArsenalhavebeensosuccessful.C.

ThestudyshowsthatfootballshirtsfromworldwideteamssuchasArsenal,Liverpool,sellsuccessfully.D.

E.

Researchersfoundthatthosewhowearredtops,jacketsorclothingscore10percentmoreinanypetitionthaniftheywereinanothercolor.F.

Thefighterswearingredweregivenanaverageof13percentmorepointsthanwhentheyworeblue.G.

Butthecloserthelevels,theeasieritisforthecolortotipthescale.第二部分语言知识应用（共两节，满分45分）完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。JamesClevelandOwens(1913～1980)wasagreatAmericanathlete.Inthe1936SummerOlympicsinBerlin，heachieved21famebywinningfourgoldmedals：oneeachinthe100meterdash，the200meterdash，the22，andforbeingpartofthe4×100meterrelayteam.BorninAlabama，Owenswasoften23withwhathismotherreportedlycalled“devil’scold”．Lifewashardforthefamily.Thefamily.There1921.Therewaslittle25intheirlife，butthemovedidenableyoungOwensto26publicschool，whereateacherwhodidn’tunderstandhiscountry27accidentallywrotedownhisnameas“Jesse”insteadofJ．C.Owenshadtotakedifferentjobsinhis28time.Duringtheperiod，whenhewasinthefifthgrade，theathleticsupervisoraskedhimtogooutfor29.Froma30boyhedevelopedintoastrongrunner.ThroughouthislifeOwensbelievedthatthesuccessofhisathleticcareer31fromthe32ofCharlesRiley，hisjuniorhightrackcoach，whohadpickedhimofftheplaygroundandputhimonthetrackteam.SinceOwensworkedinashoerepairshopafterschool，Riley33Owenstopracticebeforeschoolinstead.Owensfirstcametonational34whenhewasastudentofEastTechnicalHighSchoolinCleveland，Ohio.Hetiedtheworld35of9.4secondsinthe100meterdashandlongjumped24feet91/2inchesatthe1933NationalHighSchoolChampionshipinChicago.In1956heorganizedtheJuniorOlympicGamesforyoungstersinChicago，whichwasactiveinhelpingblack36.Withtimeprogressing，his37grewworse.Hediedin1980afteralengthy38inahospital.Thehighesthonor，theCongressionalGoldMedal，Owens39camein1990.Duringthe40，PresidentBushcalledOwens“anOlympicheroandanAmericanheroeverydayofhislife”．A.traditionalA.traditional B．national C．international D．practical22．A.longjump B．highjump C．boxing D．gymnastics23．A.naughty B．sick C．proud D．determined24．A.joined B．moved C．arrived D．reached25．A.improvement B．appearance C．achievement D．arrangement26．A.apply B．enter C．start D．approach27．A.origin B．accent C．situation D．background28．A.golden B．tough C．spare D．special29．A.track B．work C．walk D．travel30．A.smart B．curious C．weak D．lively31．A.dated B．resulted C．made D．chose32．Apetition B．explanation C．advantage D．encouragement33．A.forced B．allowed C．reminded D．promised34．A.attraction B．attention C．argument D．discussion35．A.champion B．crisis C．record D．history36．A.youth B．elder C．society D．adults37．A.ambition B．idea C．health D．wealth38．A.wait B．pause C．stay D．patience39．A.praised B．accepted C．received D．founded40．A.ceremony B．parade C．celebration D．program第II卷（共50分）第二部分英语知识运用第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Whilethousandsofcollegestudentsheadedforwarmclimatetoenjoysunandfunduringtheirweekofffromclasses,sevenlocalstudentshadotherplans.TheNorthernEssexmunityCollege(NECC)studentsandoneoftheirteachersspentpartoftheirspringbreakinNewYorkCity,helpingrepairanarea41(destroy)bythehurricane.“Iwantedtoseeformyselfwhathappened,”saidTerry.“Icouldn’timagine42itisliketoloseyourhomeandeverythingthatyouknowandthe43(power)effectthehurricanehadonthosepeople.Iwantedtodosomething,tounderstandtheirfeelingofhelplessness.ThegroupheadedintoBrooklyn’sRedHookdistrict,whichwashithardbythehurricane.Theretheymetpeoplefromotherpartsofthecountry,44hadalsovolunteeredtohelp.Together,thosevolunteersandtheNECCstudents45(work)toclearrubbishoutofathreestorybuilding.Theyputonprotectivesuitsandgloves46theyenteredthebuilding.Insidethebuilding,thestudentssawnothingbutbrokenwallsanddoorsandpiecesofthebuilding47(lie)allovertheplace.Thestudentsreturnedtoschoolwith48senseofachievement,afeelingthat49helpedpeopleinneed.Itwasremarkablehowamunitylostsomuchandwasstillabletorecover,andthisleftthedeepestimpression50thestudents.第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分）短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Howanunbelievablescene!Amodernyoungcouplewereeatingfruitinpublicandhadthrownaplentyofwasteontheground.Whenanoldcleanerestocleanup,themanwasveryangry.Hepointedatthecleaner,saidinaloudvoice,"Howimpolite!Theyhaven'tfinishedeating!""Howcouldpeoplebehavesuchbadly?"Ithought.Obvious,intheireyes,theycoulddoalltheylikedandignoreother'sfeelings.Inmyopinion,weshouldpayattentionourbehavior,obeypublicrulesandrespectother'sworks.Weshouldknowthatreally