Unit 4【单元测试-提升卷】（解析版）

2/2Unit4SpaceExploration【单元测试·提升卷】满分：150分时间：120分钟第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whendidthewomangetonthetaxi?A．At7:30. B．At7:50. C．At8:05.【答案】A【原文】W:Canyoudrivefaster,Sir?Look,itis7:50now.Ihavebeeninyourcarfor20minutes.M:Takeiteasy.I’lltakeashortcutanditwilltakeyouonly15minutes.W:Ifso,I’llbejustintimeforwork.2．Whichshouldthewomanpayforeverymonth?A．Gas. B．Telephone. C．Electricity.【答案】B【原文】W:Sir.ShallIpayforelectricityeverymonth?M:No.Itisincludedintherentaswellaswaterandgas,excepttelephoneandtheInternet.3．Whatkindofdrinkmaythemanorder?A．Juice. B．Beer. C．Wine.【答案】A【原文】W:Wehavefinebeerandhardwinethisevening.Whichonedoyoulike?M:Neither.Justsoftdrink,please.4．Whenwillthemanhelpthewomanwithherhomework?A．OnWednesday.B．OnFriday.C．OnSaturday.【答案】C【原文】W：CanyoucomeovertomyhouseonWednesdayandhelpmewithmyhomework?M：I'mbusyuntilFriday.Howaboutthedayafterthat?W：OK.5．Whatwillthewomandotomorrow?A．Attendaparty.B．Visitsomefriends.C．Havedinnerwithhermother.【答案】C【原文】M：SomefriendsandIarehavingapartytomorrownight.Itwouldbegreatifyoucouldcome.W：Sorry,itismymother'sbirthdaytomorrow,andIwillhavedinnerwithher.第二节(共15小题;每题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段长对话，回答小题。6．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A．Onthephone. B．Atashop. C．Inafactory.7．Howmuchdoestheraincoatcosteach?A．5dollars. B．6dollars. C．7dollars.【答案】6．A7．C【原文】W:Hello.WhatcanIdoforyou?M:Ibought4umbrellasand6raincoats.Butthereareseveralholesinthem.W:Holdonaminute,please.I’dliketochecktheinformationwithyou.M:OK.Ipaid20dollarsfortheumbrellaand42fortheraincoatsthedaybeforeyesterday.W:Didyourepairthem?M:No.Idon’tknowhowtodealwiththem.W:Then,willyoupleasesendthemheretomorrowandthenIcanreturnthemtothefactory?M:OK.I’lldrivetoyourshoptomorrowmorning.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8．Howdidthewomanprobablylook?A．Angry.B．Puzzled.C．Worried.9．WhatisAnndoing?A．Watchingafashionshow.B．Watchingafootballmatch.C．Quarrellingwithherhusband.10．Whatdoesthewomansuggesttotheman?A．MakingfriendswithCharlie.B．Neverquarrellingwithhiswife.C．Watchingthefootballmatchatherhome.【答案】8．A9．A10．C【原文】M：Whomadeyousomad?W：IjusthadaquarrelwithCharlie.M：Wasitbecauseofthefootballmatch?W：Howdidyouknow?M：Well,Icameoutforthesamereason.IwantedtowatchthefootballmatchwhileAnnwantedtowatchafashionshow.W：Annislucky.Atleastshecanwatchthefashionshow.Charlienevergivesin.M：WhatelsecanIdothen?Annishavingababynow.Ican'tmakeherangry.ButIdowanttowatchthefootballmatch.W：Ihaveagoodidea.Whydon'tyougotomyhomeandwatchthefootballmatchwithCharlie?IcanwatchthefashionshowwithAnn.M：That'sgreat!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11．HowwilltheygotoSogoDepartmentStore?A．ByJiefangWestRoad.B．ByZhongshanRoad.C．ByXinshengBridge.12．Howmuchwillthemanpayforhisride?A．Only10yuan.B．About14yuan.C．About20yuan.13．WhenisithardforpeopletocallacabinBeijing?A．Onrainydays.B．Duringtherushhours.C．Intheevening.【答案】11．C12．B13．A【原文】W：Goodday,sir.Wheredoyouwanttogo?M：SogoDepartmentStore,onJiefangEastRoad.W：OK.DoyouwantmetogobyZhongshanRoadorbyXinshengBridge?M：Youdecideit.ThisismyfirsttimetocometoBeijing.Iamnotfamiliarwiththestreets.W：OK.IwilltakeXinshengBridge.Iguess,atthistimeoftheday,ZhongshanRoadisalittlecrowded.M：Well,howmuchdoesitcostforthefirstkilometer?W：Tenyuan.Anditwillbetwoyuanforeveryadditional500meters.Yourdestinationisabout2kilometersaway.M：Isee.IsitusuallyeasytocallacabinBeijing?W：Prettymuch.Butit'shardtosayonrainydaysliketoday.M：Ithinkso.Thenhowlongitwilltaketogetthere?W：Well,abouttwentyminutes.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14．Wherearethetwospeakersnow?A．InParis.B．InNewYork.C．InBeijing.15．Whatisthewomandoinginthecity?A．Sheisvisitingherhusband.B．Sheissightseeing.C．Sheisworkingthere.16．Howlonghavethetwospeakersbeenoutoftouch?A．Forthreemonths.B．Foroneyear.C．Fortwoyears.17．Whatwillthemandoafteroneyear?A．GoonworkinginBeijing.B．GobacktoNewYork.C．Travelwithhisparents.【答案】14．A15．C16．C17．B【原文】M：Alice,whatasurprisetorunintoyouhere!WhendidyoucometoParis?W：Threemonthsago.M：What?Ithoughtyouwerejustsightseeinghere.Soyou'reworkingherenow.W：That'sright.NowI'mteachingEnglishinamiddleschool.M：Whydidyouwanttofindateachingjobhere?W：Well,myhusbandMarkdidn'twanttoliveinNewYork.HewantedtomovetoParis,soIcamewithhim.M：What?Whendidyougetmarried?W：Lastyear.M：Congratulations!We'vebeenoutoftouchfortwoyears.Manythingshavehappenedinthepasttwoyears.W：That'sright.Soareyouworkinghere?M：No.I'mjusttravellingherewithmyparents.IstillworkinBeijing.W：Doyouwanttosettledownthere?M：No.Myparentsdon'twanttoleaveAmerica.I'llworkthereforonemoreyear.ThenI'llgobacktoNewYork.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18．HowshouldyoutourSanFranciscotoappreciateitsbuildings?A．Byair. B．Bybus.C．Byfoot.19．WhatcanwelearnabouttheWatersofSanFranciscoBay?A．Theyhavehighqualityseawater.B．Theyareexploredonalocalizedlevel.C．Theyhavehelpedthecitytodevelopfurther.20．Whichtourcostmost?A．TourSanFranciscofromtheAir.B．HittheWatersofSanFranciscoBay.C．TourtheCityonFoot.【答案】18．C19．C20．A【原文】ThecityofSanFranciscoisawonderfultouristattractionthatoffersmanydifferentthingstoseeanddo.Thebestwayforatravelertogetagoodlookatthecityistotakeoneofthemanydifferenttoursthere.TourtheCityonFootWhentouringthecitybywalking，youaren'tgoingtowalkmuch.What'smore，therearefarmorebenefits.Thiskindoftourallowsyoutoseeasmanybuildingsofthecityaspossible.Atourofthecityonfootusuallyfocusesonamorelocalizedneighborhoodlevel，whichcanbeveryinterestinginanumberofdifferentways.HittheWatersofSanFranciscoBayThewatersofSanFranciscoBayhaveplayedanimportantroleinthecity'sdevelopmentoverthelastcentury.TouringSanFranciscofromthewaterisacompletelyuniquewayforyoutoseethiswonderfulcity.TourSanFranciscofromtheAirWhileitisoneofthemostexpensivewaystoseeSanFrancisco，touringthecityfromtheairisoneofthemostuniqueandthrillingwaystoseethecity.Seeingthecityfromhighaboveallowsyoutogetafullviewofthecityastourguidespointoutattractionsfromhighabove.IfyoudodecidetotourSanFranciscobyair，you'llbecreatingmemoriesthatyouwon'tforgetforever.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，共37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AChinaiswidelyknownforitsancientcivilisationwhichhascontinuedallthewaythroughintomodemtimes,despitethemanyupsanddownsinitshistory.Therearemanyreasonswhythishasbeenpossible,butoneofthemainfactorshasbeentheChinesewritingsystem.BytheShangDynasty,thesesymbolshadbecomeawell-developedwritingsystem.Overtheyears,thesystemdevelopedintodifferentforms,asitwasatimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographically,leadingtomanyvarietiesofdialectsandcharacters.This,however,changedunderEmperorQinshihuangoftheQinDynasty.EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.ThatwritingsystemwasofgreatimportanceinunitingtheChinesepeopleandculture.21．Asmentionedinthepassage,whatisthemainfactorforthecontinuationofChina’sancientcivilizationintomoderntimes?A．ChinesewritingsystemB．ChinesetraditionalpaintingC．ChineseceramicartD．TraditionalChineseMedicine22．WhounitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection?A．EmperorWuofHanB．EmperorTangofShangC．EmperorQinshihuangD．QinDynasty23．InwhatwaydidthedevelopmentoftheChinesewritingsysteminonedirectionplayanimportantrole?A．Changepeople’swayoflifeB．UnitingtheChinesepeopleandcultureC．InheritanceofdifferenttypesofcharactersD．Itbecameanartform【答案】21．A22．C23．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述中国以其古老的文明而闻名，而汉字书写体系是使这些文明一直延续至今的一个重要因素。文章介绍了汉字书写体系的开始，发展以及汉字书写系统的重要性。21．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Therearemanyreasonswhythishasbeenpossible,butoneofthemainfactorshasbeentheChinesewritingsystem.(其存续的原因有很多，但主要因素之一是汉字的书写体系。)”可知，中国古代文明延续到现代的主要因素是汉字书写体系。故选A。22．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.(秦始皇统一七个诸侯国后，在这个统一的国家里，汉字书写体系开始朝着一个方向发展。)”可知，秦始皇将七个主要国家统一为一个国家，中国书写系统开始朝着一个方向发展。故选C。23．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“ThatwritingsystemwasofgreatimportanceinunitingtheChinesepeopleandculture.(这一书写体系对于团结中国人民和文化具有重要意义。)”可知，中国书写系统朝着一个方向发展在团结中国人民和文化方面起着重要作用，故选B。BWhenIwasahighschoolstudent,mathematicslookedlikeabigbarrierformeandseveralofmyclassmates.Whenwereachedtheninthclass,wegotMrIyer,astrictmathsteacherwhowasalsoourclassteacher.Healwaysstucktohisdiscipline.Wehadtoarriveontime,payundividedattentiontohislectures,anddarednottoneglectanyofhishomework.Evenso,asourclassteacher,wegottoknowhimbetter.Noticingsomeofusfidgetingonedayasthemid­termexamsapproached,hestoppedsolvingamathematicalproblemtoaskuswhy.“There’stoomuchtodo,”wesighed.“We’reafraidwe’llnevermanagetofinishourrevisionbeforetheexam.”“Nothingisimpossible,”MrIyertoldus.“Thisclassroomisonthesecondfloor.Doyouhaveaproblemreachinghere?”Wereactedwithblankstares.“No,youdon’t!”hesaid,answeringhisownquestion.“Youhaveastaircasetohelpyouclimbuptothislevel.Nooneexpectsyoutomakeitintwogiantleaps.Yousimplytakeonestepatatime.Anytaskcanbesolvedifyoufocusontheimmediateactiontobetaken.Therestwilltakecareofitself,ifyoukeepatit.Onestepatatime.That’sthesecret.”Thenhewrotedownanoldmottoontheblackboard—thelongestjourneystartswithasinglestep.Havingheardhisstaircaseanalogy(比拟),weunderstoodwhyheaskedusthequestionandwesawhiminanewlight.Mostofmyclassmatesscoreddistinctionsinmaths.AndIwentontobecomeanEnglishteacher.Tothisday,wheneverIpassonMrIyer’sinvaluableadvicetomyownstudents,theybrightenupattheprospectofalighteracademicburden.24．Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A．Mathswasdifficultformostoftheauthor’sclassmates.B．ThestudentsthoughtMrIyerwasnotagoodteacher.C．MrIyerwouldpunishthestudentsneglectinghisdiscipline.D．ThestudentsshowedgreatfeartoMrIyer.25．Whichofthefollowingwordsisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“fidgeting”inParagraph2?A．excited B．nervous C．hardworking D．calm26．Whydidtheauthorandhisclassmatesreactwithblankstares?A．BecausetheyweretootiredtounderstandwhatMrIyersaid.B．Becausetheyfeltsurprisedatsuchanunbelievableproblem.C．Becausetheyhadnointerestinanysubjectsthatwerenogoodfortheirexams.D．Becausetheyfirstthoughtreachingthesecondfloorhadnoconnectionwiththeworry.27．Whatdoesthestaircaseanalogyinfer?A．Goalscanbereachedstepbystep.B．Onecanreachhis/hergoalsinagiantleap.C．Taskscanbesolvedundertheguidanceoftheteacher.D．Thereisonlyonestepbetweensuccessandfailure.【答案】24．D25．B26．D27．A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者高中时候的一个数学老师的故事。这位数学老师，也是班主任，对学生要求很严格。他布置的作业学生们总是按时完成，上学从不敢迟到，听他的演讲从不敢分心。一次，老师的“爬楼梯”的比喻，对作者的学习和以后的工作都有深刻的、积极的影响。24．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Healwaysstucktohisdiscipline.Wehadtoarriveontime,payundividedattentiontohislectures,anddarednottoneglectanyofhishomework.(他总是坚持他的原则。我们必须准时到达，全神贯注地听他的讲座，不能忽视他的任何家庭作业。)”可知，学生们对MrIyer表现出极大的恐惧。故选D。25．词义猜测题。根据第二段中“asthemid­termexamsapproached.”（期中考试临近）以及“There’stoomuchtodo,“wesighed.”We’reafraidwe’llnevermanagetofinishourrevisionbeforetheexam.”(“有太多事情要做，”我们叹了口气，“恐怕我们永远无法在考试前完成复习”)”可知，我们感到紧张，故划线词的含义跟nervous相近。故选B。26．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Havingheardhisstaircaseanalogy,weunderstoodwhyheaskedusthequestionandwesawhiminanewlight.(听了他的楼梯比喻，我们明白了他为什么问我们这个问题，我们对他有了新的认识)”可知，作者和其他同学是听了老师的比喻之后才明白了老师为什么问这个问题，故一开始他们对老师的问题感到迷茫，因为他们最初认为到达二楼与他们担心完成不了复习无关。故选D项。27．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Anytaskcanbesolvedifyoufocusontheimmediateactiontobetaken.Therestwilltakecareofitself,ifyoukeepatit.Onestepatatime.That’sthesecret.(如果你专注于立即采取的行动，任何任务都可以解决。如果你坚持下去，剩下的事情就会自行解决。一步一个脚印。这就是秘密)”可知，我们的目标就像爬楼梯一样，会一步一步的实现。故选A。CStudentsatSt.StanislausHighSchoolinMississippiareamongthevolunteersalongUScoastsraisingoysters(牡蛎)tohelprestore,orrepairweakenedreefs(礁).Oysterreefsareanimportantpartofcoastalenvironments.Eachoystercleans95to190litersofwateraday.Thereefsprovidelivingspaceforshrimp,crabsandfish.Theyalsoprotectcoastlines.InthestatesofMaryland,Virginia,Mississippi,andAlabama,nowtherearemorethan1,000oystergardens.Mostofthemareinwirecageshangingfromprivateports.ColinWood,onestudentlookingaftertheSt.Stanislausgarden,saidhewasexcitedbythehands-onwork.“Ididn’trealizeoystershadabiginfluenceontheenvironment.And50,000to55,000adultoystersgrownhereeachyeargotoreefsinMobileBay,”hesaid.Inthe1950s,anaverageof37,400tonsofoystersweretakenyearlyfrompartlysaltywatersintheUS.ButUSoysterharvestsfellsharplyinthe1990s.Datashowedthecauseofthedropcouldbeoverharvesting,pollution,pestsandotherproblems.Thenoystergardeningstarted.Oystergardeningusesmanyofthesamemethodsasfarming.Farmersaroundthecountrygrowoystersnearthesurfaceofwater.Oystersdevelopmuchfasterwherethewaterholdsmorefoodtheyeatandenemiescanbemoreeasilyremoved.Buttheoystersarenotbeinggrowntobeeaten.Oystergardensgetpulledfromthewatereveryseventotendays.Thetimeoutofthewaterisusedtoclearoutsmallanimals,keepoystersfromgrowingthroughthewires,anddryandcleanoffplant-lifegrowingonthewires.BobStokes,thedirectoroftheGalvestonBayFoundationinTexas,says,“Oystergardeningisasmuchabouteducationasitisrestoration.”28．HowdoesColinWoodfeelabouthiswork?A．Simple. B．Tiring. C．Creative. D．Meaningful.29．Whatdoestheauthormainlyintendtoshowinparagraph3?A．Theuseofoystergardening.B．Theinfluenceofoysterharvestsfalling.C．Thereasonforstartingoystergardening.D．Theproblemsoystergardeningisfacing.30．Whyshouldoystergardensbepulledfromthewaterregularly?A．Torepairthecages.B．Topickweakoystersout.C．Toexaminethewaterquality.D．Tokeepagoodenvironmentforoysters.31．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．WhatoystergardeningisB．OysterreefsarebecomingendangeredC．VolunteerskeepoysterstorestorereefsD．WhyoystersaregrowingpopularintheUS【答案】28．D29．C30．D31．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。密西西比州圣斯坦尼斯劳斯高中的学生是美国沿海地区的志愿者之一，他们饲养牡蛎，帮助恢复或修复受损的珊瑚礁。文章对此进行了介绍。28．推理判断题。根据第二段“ColinWood,onestudentlookingaftertheSt.Stanislausgarden,saidhewasexcitedbythehands-onwork.“Ididn’trealizeoystershadabiginfluenceontheenvironment.And50,000to55,000adultoystersgrownhereeachyeargotoreefsinMobileBay,”hesaid.(科林·伍德是一名照看圣斯坦尼斯劳斯花园的学生，他说他对亲自动手的工作感到兴奋。“我没有意识到牡蛎对环境有这么大的影响。每年在这里生长的5万到5.5万只成年牡蛎会流向莫比尔湾的珊瑚礁。”)”可知，科林·伍德觉得自己的工作很有意义。故选D。29．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Thenoystergardeningstarted.(然后牡蛎种植开始了。)”和前三句“Inthe1950s,anaverageof37,400tonsofoystersweretakenyearlyfrompartlysaltywatersintheUS.ButUSoysterharvestsfellsharplyinthe1990s.Datashowedthecauseofthedropcouldbeoverharvesting,pollution,pestsandotherproblems.(在20世纪50年代，平均每年有37400吨牡蛎从美国部分咸水中被捕捞。但美国牡蛎产量在20世纪90年代急剧下降。数据显示，数量下降的原因可能是过度捕捞、污染、害虫和其他问题。)”可知，第三段主要是表明开始牡蛎种植的原因。故选C。30．细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Thetimeoutofthewaterisusedtoclearoutsmallanimals,keepoystersfromgrowingthroughthewires,anddryandcleanoffplant-lifegrowingonthewires.(离开水的时间用来清除小动物，防止牡蛎通过铁丝生长，干燥和清洁铁丝上生长的植物。)”可知，牡蛎园要定期从水里捞出来是为了给牡蛎提供良好的生长环境。故选D。31．主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“StudentsatSt.StanislausHighSchoolinMississippiareamongthevolunteersalongUScoastsraisingoysters(牡蛎)tohelprestore,orrepairweakenedreefs(礁).(密西西比州圣斯坦尼斯劳斯高中的学生是美国沿海地区的志愿者之一，他们饲养牡蛎，帮助恢复或修复受损的珊瑚礁。)”可知，文章主要是讲志愿者饲养牡蛎以恢复珊瑚礁。故选C。DAccordingtoanewreportinChinesesocialmediaplatformXiaohongshu,thenumberofonlinepostsrelatedtothecirculation(流通)ofusedgoodsin2022increasedby814percentyearonyear.Insteadofbuyinguselessthings,peoplearechangingtowardsusingsecondhandgoodsandreplacingunderusedorunusedobjects.Thistrendispickingupinthecountry.Sincethesummerof2022,a26-year-oldShanghaicitizennamedChenJiaoronghasbeenwalkingalongJuluRoadinShanghai’sdowntownareaonceortwiceaweek,lookingaroundandpickingup“garbage”(垃圾).Afterheractionwasnoticedonline,shewasdescribedbyothersasa“stooper”.Theword“stoop”meanstobendforward,butintheUnitedStates,italsoreferstoaplatformorentrancestairwaytoahouse.Theterm“stooper”wascreatedintheUSafteralotofpeopleputtheirusedorunderusedbelongingsinfrontoftheirdoorstepstobetakenawayforfreebythoseinneed.Later,“stooping”wasusedtomean“pickingupabandonedgoodsandrecyclingthem”.Asthefirst“stooper”inChina,Chenhadherownway.Shepickedunusedgoodstohelpfindsuitablenewownersforsomeitems.Whenshefoundsuchabandoned(被抛弃的)goods,sheputapairofeyeball-shapedstickersonthembeforepublishingnotesonhersocialmediaaccounts,andguidingotherstopickthemupfromthestreets.“‘Stooping’isanewwordinChina,andsomepeopleevenhavenoideaofit.Mostofusstillthinksecondhandgoodsaredirtyanditisembarrassingtoreusethem,”saidWuKaisi,awell-knownstooperinGuangzhou.“Theslowingeconomyandtheincreasingcostoflivinghavepushedthedevelopmentoftheused-goodsindustry.Peoplearegraduallyadvocating(提倡)asavings-basedconsumption(消费)andenvironment-friendlylifestyleinsteadofblindlyseekingforexpensiveconsumption.Now,moreyoungpeoplearejoiningus.”32．Whatdoesthereportinparagraph1show?A．Sellinguseditemsispopularamongyoungpeople.B．Reusingsecondhandgoodshasbecomeanewtrend.C．Peopletendtobuyproductsfromsocialmediaplatform.D．ThebuyingpowerofChineseconsumersisindecline.33．Whatisthepurposeofparagraph3?A．Toexplainafact. B．Tomakeaprediction.C．Tomakesomeconceptsclear. D．Topresentanexample.34．HowdidChenfindownersfortheabandonedgoods?A．Byorganizingofflinesales. B．BydisplayingthemonJuluRoad.C．Byputtingupnoticesonthestreet. D．Bypostingrelatedinformationonline.35．WhatdoesWuKaisithinkofthelifestyleofstooping?A．Itisembarrassing.B．Itisworthadvocating.C．Itslowsdownthedevelopmentofeconomy.D．Itchangesyoungpeople’swastefullifestyle【答案】32．B33．C34．D35．B【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了人们的消费观正在发生改变，他们倾向于使用二手物品，并更换自己未充分使用或未使用的物品，而上海姑娘陈娇蓉作为中国第一位“垃圾猎人”，会沿着巨鹿路寻找别人不要的东西，并帮助这些东西找到新的主人。32．推理判断题。根据第一段“AccordingtoanewreportinChinesesocialmediaplatformXiaohongshu,thenumberofonlinepostsrelatedtothecirculation(流通)ofusedgoodsin2022increasedby814percentyearonyear.Insteadofbuyinguselessthings,peoplearechangingtowardsusingsecondhandgoodsandreplacingunderusedorunusedobjects.Thistrendispickingupinthecountry.(根据中国社交媒体平台小红书的一份新报告，2022年与二手商品流通相关的在线帖子数量同比增长814%。人们不再购买无用的东西，而是转向使用二手商品，更换未充分利用或未使用的物品。这一趋势在该国逐渐抬头。)”可推测出，重复利用二手物品已经成为一个新趋势。故选B。33．推理判断题。根据第三段“Theword‘stoop’meanstobendforward,butintheUnitedStates,italsoreferstoaplatformorentrancestairwaytoahouse.Theterm‘stooper’wascreatedintheUSafteralotofpeopleputtheirusedorunderusedbelongingsinfrontoftheirdoorstepstobetakenawayforfreebythoseinneed.Later,‘stooping’wasusedtomean‘pickingupabandonedgoodsandrecyclingthem’.(‘弯腰’一词的意思是向前弯曲，但在美国，它也指通往房屋的平台或入口楼梯。‘弯腰者’一词是在美国产生的，因为很多人把他们用过或未充分使用的物品放在家门口，由有需要的人免费拿走。后来，‘弯腰’被用来表示‘捡起废弃的物品并回收利用’。)”可知，本段主要解释了stoop、stooper、stooping三个词的含义，由此可推测出，本段主要是为了把一些概念讲清楚。故选C。34．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Whenshefoundsuchabandoned(被抛弃的)goods,sheputapairofeyeball-shapedstickersonthembeforepublishingnotesonhersocialmediaaccounts,andguidingotherstopickthemupfromthestreets.(当她发现这些被遗弃的物品时，她在上面贴了一对眼球状的贴纸，然后在社交媒体账户上发布笔记，并引导其他人从街上捡起来。)”可知，她通过在网上发布相关信息来帮助别人找到这些被遗弃的物品。故选D。35．推理判断题。根据最后一段中WuKaisi的话“Theslowingeconomyandtheincreasingcostoflivinghavepushedthedevelopmentoftheused-goodsindustry.Peoplearegraduallyadvocating(提倡)asavings-basedconsumption(消费)andenvironment-friendlylifestyleinsteadofblindlyseekingforexpensiveconsumption.Now,moreyoungpeoplearejoiningus.”(经济放缓和生活成本上升推动了二手商品行业的发展。人们逐渐提倡以储蓄为基础的消费和环保的生活方式，而不是一味追求昂贵的消费。现在，越来越多的年轻人加入了我们的行列。)”可推测出，他认为捡二手物品的生活方式值得提倡。故选B。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowiseatinginspacedifferentfromeatingonEarth?Ifyousendastronautsintospace,youhavetosendalongfoodaswell.Butwhatdoastronautseat,andhowdotheyeatit?Scientiststakeseveralfactorsintoconsiderationastheyplanmealsforspace.First,andpossiblymostimportant,isnutrition(营养).36Providingjunkfoodtoeat,suchaspotatochips,sodas,andpizza,wouldmaketheastronautsunhealthy.37Ifthefoodthathasbeenprovidedisdistasteful,thentheastronautsmayavoideatingit.Ifyou’veevertriedtoconcentrateonsomethingimportantwhileyourstomachdoesn’tfeelwell,you’llknowwhythescientistsinchargeofaspacemissionwanttheirastronautstoeatregularly.Thelackofgravityinaspacecraftalsodetermineswhatfoodscanorcannotbeeateninspace.Mealsmustbepackagedcarefullysotheywon’tspill(洒落/溢出)intothecabin(oneoftheareasinsideaspacecraft).Waterortinybitsoffoodcouldgetinsideamachineorelectronicdeviceanddamageit.38Alooseknifebouncing(弹起)aroundinsidethecabinwouldbedangerous.39Theweightofeveryobjectincludedinaspacecraftmustbecalculated(计算)inordertoensurethatthereisenoughfuelandpowertocarrythecraftsafelyintospaceandbackhomeagain.40Mostfoodsarestoredinplasticbags,andoften,thefoodsaredehydrated(使脱水).Whenanastronautisreadytoeat,hotwaterisaddedtothemealandwarmitup.Despitealltheserequirements,muchofthefoodeateninspaceisactuallysimilartowhatyoumighteatonanygivenday.A．Believeitornot,theyalsohavefreshfruitsandvegetables.B．Keepingastronauts’physicalhealthisatoptaskforanyspacemission.C．Foodpackagingismadetobeaslightaspossible.D．Tasteisalsoimportant.E．Forthesamereason,sharpknivesandfolksareneverusedonboard.F．Nutritionandpracticality(实用)areimportantthingstoconsider.G．Finally,weightisanimportantconcern.【答案】36．B37．D38．E39．G40．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍决定宇航员在太空中吃什么以及怎样吃需要考虑的几个因素。36．上文“First,andpossiblymostimportant,isnutrition(营养).(首先，可能也是最重要的一点是营养。)”是本段的主旨句，说明了营养是科学家在规划宇航员用餐时需要重点考虑的因素；下文“Providingjunkfoodtoeat,suchaspotatochips,sodas,andpizza,wouldmaketheastronautsunhealthy.(提供垃圾食品吃，如薯片、苏打水和披萨，会使宇航员不健康。)”说明了垃圾食品会使得宇航员不健康；B选项：Keepingastronauts’physicalhealthisatoptaskforanyspacemission.(保持宇航员的身体健康是任何太空任务的首要任务。)与本文主旨一致，且与后文形成对比关系，其中的health与后文的unhealthy相对应，符合题意。故选B项。37．设空句为本段主旨句，根据后文“Ifthefoodthathasbeenprovidedisdistasteful,thentheastronautsmayavoideatingit.(如果提供的食物很难吃，宇航员可能会避免食用。)”说明了食物味道的重要性；D项：Tasteisalsoimportant.(味道也很重要)中的taste与后文的distasteful相对应，符合题意。故选D项。38．本段主旨句“Thelackofgravityinaspacecraftalsodetermineswhatfoodscanorcannotbeeateninspace.(宇宙飞船中缺乏重力也决定了在太空中什么食物可以吃，什么食物不可以吃。)”说明了重力也是宇航员饮食中需要考虑的因素之一；后文“Alooseknifebouncing(弹起)aroundinsidethecabinwouldbedangerous.(一把松动的刀在舱内弹跳是很危险的。)”说明了刀在太空舱到处弹跳是危险的；E选项：Forthesamereason,sharpknivesandfolksareneverusedonboard(同样的原因，锋利的刀和人在船上从不使用。)中的knife与后文的knife相对应，thesamereason就是指开头的Thelackofgravity，符合题意。故选E项。39．后文“Theweightofeveryobjectincludedinaspacecraftmustbecalculated(计算)inordertoensurethatthereisenoughfuelandpowertocarrythecraftsafelyintospaceandbackhomeagain.(为了确保有足够的燃料和动力将航天器安全送入太空并返回地球，必须计算航天器中包含的每个物体的重量。)”说明重量也是宇航员饮食中要考虑的因素；G选项：Finally,weightisanimportantconcern.(最后，重量是一个重要的问题)与后文的weight相对应，且finally与前文也形成了并列关系，符合题意。故选G项。40．根据后文“Mostfoodsarestoredinplasticbags,andoften,thefoodsaredehydrated(使脱水).Whenanastronautisreadytoeat,hotwaterisaddedtothemealandwarmitup.(大多数食物都储存在塑料袋里，而且这些食物经常是脱水的。当宇航员准备吃东西时，就会把热水加到饭里并把它加热。)”说明了宇航员食物的包装方式；C选项：Foodpackagingismadetobeaslightaspossible.(食品包装要尽可能的轻)中的packing与后文的stored相对应，light与本段的论点weight相对应，符合题意。故选C项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In1961,PresidentJohnF.KennedyJr.setagoal:hewantedtolandamanonthemoontoshowAmerica’s41intheSpaceRace.42adecadelater,NeilArmstrongbecamethefirstmantosetfootonthemoononSunday,July20,1969.Aldrinlaterjoinedhimonthemoon’ssurfaceandthey43aUSflag,tookphotographs,and44thefirstsamplesfromoursatellite.TheApollocrewofArmstrong,Aldrin,andCollinstravelled240,000milesin76hourstoreachthemoon.Duringthemission,thefooditemstheastronautsateonthesurfaceofthemooninthelunarmodule45thefollowing:beefstew,baconsquares,datefruitcake,andgrapepunch.Over400,000peoplesupportedthe46,includingpeoplefromtheJohnsonSpaceCenterinHoustonandtheKennedySpaceCenterinCapeCanaveral.Armstrong’sfamousfirstwords“onesmallstepforman,onegiantleapformankind”47ontelevisionchannelsandthroughnewspapersaroundtheworld.AfterWorldWarⅡ48onSeptember2,1945,anewconflictbeganbetweentheUnitedStatesandtheSovietUnion.TheUnitedStatesandtheSovietUnionhad49ideologies(意识形态):theUnitedStateswascapitalist,50the