人教新教材八年级上册Unit4AmazingPlantsandAnimalssectionA知识点讲义(学生版)

Unit4AmazingPlantsandAnimalsSectionAwhatcanplantsandanimalsdo?重点词汇梳理1./mɒs/n.苔藓 2./redwʊd/n.红杉;红木 2./tʃi:tə/n.猎豹 4/'fəʊldɪŋ/adj.折叠式的;可折叠的/bæm'bu:/n.竹;竹子 6./pɒpjələ(r)/adj.广受欢迎的;流行的 /'gʊdnəs/n.美德;营养8./tu:l/n.工具;手段 9./'æktʃuəli/adv.实际上;居然 10./ʃu:t/n.幼苗;嫩芽;v.(shot/∫ɒt/)开(枪);射击 /ə'pɪə(r)/v.出现;呈现 12./land/n.陆地;土地;v.降落;着陆 /æfrɪkən/adj.非洲的;非洲人的;n.非洲人 14./rəʊz/n.玫瑰;蔷薇/'pi:əni/n.牡丹;芍药 16./ləʊtəs/n.莲花 /bʌtəflaɪ/n.蝴蝶 18./wɪŋ/n.翅膀;翼 /frɒg/n.青蛙 21./prɒvɪns/n.省份 二．重点词汇变形4.actually(adv.)实际上；事实上→(adj.)实际的5.appear(v.)出现→反：消失→(n.)出现；外貌→(adj.)明显的；表面上的6.African(adj.&n.)非洲的；非洲人→三．重点短语通关3.一幅竹子画4.最受欢迎的题6.中国文化7.学到许多有趣的8.长得最快的植物之一9.在世界上11.竹笋13.和某人分享某事15.重达；体重接近于16.银杏树17.两百多万年前20.在10月中旬21.散步四．课文重点知识及语法梳理SectionA课文重现Ella:Oh,what'sthat,ChenJie?It'ssobeautiful! ChenJie:Thanks.It'safoldingfan.Iboughtitlastyear.Ella:Oh!Ithasapaintingofbambooonit. ChenJie:Yeah.BambooisoneofthemostpopularsubjectsinChinesepaintings.It'sasymbolofgoodnessinChineseculture.Ella:Ididn'tknowthatbefore.So,wheredidyougetthatfan? ChenJie:AttheBambooSeainSichuan,thelargestandoldestbambooforestinChina.IlearntlotsofinterestingthingswhenIwasthere.Ella:Really?Likewhat?ChenJie:Well,bambooisoneofthefastestgrowingplants.Somebamboocangrowalmostonemetreinoneday.Also,it'soneofthemostusefulplantsintheworld.Peoplecanuseittobuildhousesandmaketoolsandinstruments.Ella:Oh,that'sinteresting.Irememberpandaslovetoeatbambootoo,right? ChenJie:Exactly!Actuallyweeatbambooshootstoo.They'rereallydelicious.【考点1.】BambooisoneofthemostpopularsubjectsinChinesepaintings.竹子是中国画中最受欢迎的题材之一。【用法详解】1.popular作形容词，意为“流行的；广受欢迎的”。themostpopular是popular的最高级形式。相关搭配：在……受欢迎因……受欢迎受……欢迎of...of...意为“其中之一”。①作主语时主语为one，谓语动词用单数。Eg:OneofbestfriendsisSean.肖恩是我最好的朋友之一。②oneof+the+形容词的最高级+复数名词，表示“最...之一”Eg:WangYiBoisoneofthemostexcellentactorinChina.王一博是中国最优秀的男演员之一。③oneof+复数名词Eg:oneofmyclassmatesteachesmeKorean.我的一个同学教我韩语。牛刀小试()1.Sheisinourclass.A.oneofthetallestgirls B.oneofthetallestgirl C.oneoftallestgirls D.oneofthetallergirls ()2.ThisisIhaveeverread.A.oneofthemostinterestingbooks B.oneofthemostinterestingbook C.oneoftheinterestingbooks D.oneofinterestingbooks ()3.oneofthebiggestbuildingssetuplastyear.is B.are C.was D.were4.Thisis(最美丽的城市之一)intheworld. 【考点2.】Actuallyweeatbambooshootstoo.They'rereallydelicious.事实上，我们也吃竹笋。它们真的是太美味了。【用法详解】actually作副词，意为“.实际上;居然”强调事实或纠正误解，可置于句中或句首。Eg:Helooksyoung,butactuallyheis33.他看起来很年轻，但实际33岁了。Eg:Actually,Idisagreewithyou.实际上，我不同意你。相关拓展：infact事实上牛刀小试（）1.IthoughtshewasFrench,but_____she'sfromCanada.A.ActuallyB.popularC.appear【考点3.】Amongallanimals,Ilovepandasthebest.在所有的动物中，我最喜欢熊猫。【用法详解】among意为“在...之间”，用于三者或以上群体之间。Eg:Shesatamongherfriends.她坐在朋友中间。相关拓展：between意为“在...之间”，用于两者之间。在...和....之间Eg:Momstandsbetweenthetwokids.妈妈站在两个孩子中间。牛刀小试（）1.Thesecretwasshared______thethreeofus.BetweenB.amongC.through2.Thereisabuildingtheschoolandthehospital。3.Butterfliesareflyingtheflowers。4.Thereisariverthetwocities.【考点4.】pleasefeelfreetoaskmeanyquestionsyouhave.请尽情地问我你们想问的问题。【用法详解】feelfreetodosth.意为“随意做某事”，feelfree是英语口语中一个常用表达。表示无须拘束，只管按照自己的意愿去做某事。Eg:CanIuseyourbathroom?我可以用一下你的卫生间吗?一Yes,feelfree.可以，请随意。Eg:Feelfreetoaskquestionsifyoudon'tunderstand.你要是不懂，可以随便提问。牛刀小试（）1.Imadealotofsweets,sofeelfreewhateveryoulike.A.eat B.ate C.eatingD.toeat ()2.Ifeellikemyhomeworktomorrow.A.do B.doing C.todoD.does【考点5.】①Ginkgotreesfirstappearedover200millionyearsold.银杏树第一次出现是在两千万年前。②Thousandsoftouristsetoseeiteachyear,especiallyinmidOctober,asitisthebesttimetoseeit.每年都有成千上万的游客来看它，尤其是十月中旬，是最好的观赏时间。【用法详解】million作概数词，意为“百万”。thousand作概数词，意为“千”。除此之外还有hundred意为“百”，“billion”意为“十亿”。①.表达确切的数量Hundred,thousand,million,billion等前有具体的数字修饰时，表示确指的数量，这些词不能用复数形式，即。Eg:Thenumberofstudentsinourschoolissixhundred.我们学校的学生人数是600。②.表达不确切的数量hundred,thousand,million,billion等可构成短语，表示泛指的数量。此时这些词用，其前不能有具体的数字修饰,但可被many，afew等词修饰。Eg:Hundredsofpeoplearevisitingthisoldtown.成百上千的游客正在游览这个古城。牛刀小试（）1.Thenumberofthefansgoingtothisconcertisaboutthree_.And_ofthemaregirls.A.thousand;twothird B.thousands;twothird C.thousand;twothirds D.thousands;twothirds （）2.Peopleplant__treesonTreePlantingDayeveryyear.A.hundred B.hundredsofC.hundreds （）3.Nowadays,_peoplelikeHUAWEIphonesbetter,andabout__ofthemareadults.A.thenumberof;fourfifthsB.anumberof;fourfifthsC.anumberof;fourfifth五、单元重点语法讲练形容词和副词的最高级1、语法概述形容词、副词的最高级用于三个或三个以上的人或事物之间的比较；常用of/in来说明比较的范围；形容词和副词前要加定冠词the，副词最高级前的the有时可省略。二、最高级的构成1.规则变化单音节和部分双音节词一般在词尾加esttall→high→以字母e结尾的词加stfine→nice→重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时（辅元辅），先双写该辅音字母，再加est口诀：“大红胖瘦适合湿热”（biggest,reddest,fattest,thinnest,fittest,wettest,hottest）以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，变y为i再加esteasy→funny→多音节和部分双音节词在词前加mostfortable→carefully→【特别提醒】由“动词+ed”或“动词+ing”构成的形容词变最高级时，通常在该形容词前加mostEeresting→mostinterestingrelaxed→mostrelaxedboring→mostboringgood/well（好的）good/well（好的）→（最好的）bad/badly/ill（糟糕的）→_（最糟糕的）many/much（多的）→（最多的）little（少的）→（最少的）old（老的）→_/（最老的）far（远的）→/（最远的）牛刀小试写出下列单词的最高级形式big→2.small→3.heavy→ fine→5.cheap→6.happy→close→8.fresh→_9.popular→creative→11.bad→12.carefully→good/well→14.many/much→15.fat→三、最高级的常考句型1.主语+be+the+形容词最高级+in/of短语……是……中最……的Eg.YiBoisthetallestoneinmyclass.一博是我们班最高的同学。主语+实义动词（+the）+副词最高级+in/of短语……在……中最……Eg.Heworks(the)hardestinClass23.在23班他学习最努力。2.主语+be+oneofthe+形容词最高级+可数名词复数+in/of短语...是...中最...的...之一Eg.TheHighSpeedRailisoneofthenewestinventionsinChina.高铁是中国最新的发明之一。3.“疑问词+be+the+形容词最高级，A、BorC?”，用于三个或三个以上的人或事物之间的比较“疑问词+助动词+主语+动词原形（+the）+副词最高级，A、BorC?”Eg.Whoisthetallest,Tom,KateorBill?汤姆、凯特和比尔，谁最高？Eg.Whichcitydoyoulikebest,Beijing,ShanghaiorGuangzhou?你最喜欢哪个城市，北京、上海还是广州？4.主语+be+the+序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数+in/of短语……在……中是第几……的……Eg.TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.黄河是中国第二长河。牛刀小试（）1.Fishingisoneof______activitiesamongthemiddle—agedmenlikemyuncles.A.popular B.morepopular C.mostpopular D.themostpopular（）2.Amyhasreadmanyhistorybooks,soshelearnshistory______ofallthesubjects.A.well B.bad C.best D.worst课堂测试一、单项选择()1.Ofthethreepens,theboychose_______one.A.lessexpensive B.themostexpensive C.thelessexpensive D.moreexpensive()2.—IthinkMoonTheaterhas______seatsinmytown.—Iagreewithyou.Iusuallygotherewithmyfriends.A.morefortable B.worseC.themostfortable D.theworst()3.Stayingwithfamilyandfriendsisoneof_____thingsintheworld.A.thehappiest B.happier C.thehappy D.happiest()4.—DidCindywinthefirstprizeinthelongjump?—Yes.Shejumped______ofalltheplayers.A.far B.farther C.thefarther D.thefarthest()5.Whichis________waytotravel,byplane,bytrainorbybus?A.lessexpensiveB.morecheaperC.theleastexpensiveD.cheaper()6.YangtzeRiveris_______longestriverintheworld.ItrunsacrossChinafromthewesttotheeast.A.thethird B.third C.thethree D.three()7.IliketheBigScreenplexbecauseithas________screen.A.bigger B.theworst C.thebiggest D.worst()8.Whichdoyouthinkis________,Mary,JimorWangLinA.moretalented B.talenteder C.themosttalented D.talentedest()9.Xi’anisoneof_____capital________inChina.A.older;city B.theolder;cityC.oldest;cities D.theoldest;cities()10.—Ofthetwoshirts,whichonedidMombuy?—Sheboughtthe____onebecauseshecouldsavesomemoneyforacap.cheapest B.cheaper C.moreexpensive D.mostexpensive()11．—Whydoesyourgrandparentsliketoliveinthecountryside?—Becausetheylikethe________air.A．boring B．exciting C．fresh D．terrible()12．—Whatdoyouthinkofplayinggames?—Ithink________.Weshouldspendmoretimeonschoolwork.A．itislessimportantthanschoolwork B．itismoreimportantthanschoolworkC．itisasimportantasschoolwork D．itisthesameimportantasschoolwork()13．LiuChangdidquite________inmath,butZhangShengdideven________.A．badly;worse B．worse;worse C．badly;badly D．worse;badly()14．Shanghaiismuchlargerthan_________inFranceanditisoneofthe_________citiesinChina.A．anycity,biggest B．anyothercity,biggerC．anyothercity,biggest D．anycity,bigger()15．—Howarethedishesinthenewrestaurant—Terrible!Nothingtastes_______.A．best B．better C．worst D．worse()16．________thefivestudents,Lucyplaysvolleyball________.A．Of;better B．Of;best C．Among;better D．In;best()17．—Theradiosaysit’llbemuch________tomorrow.—Yes.It’ssaidthattherewillbemuch________tomorrow.A．rain,rain B．rain,rainier C．rainier,rain D．rainy,rain()18．Bequick!Thegamewillbegin________.A．soon B．recently C．carefully D．luckily()19．—Doyoulikehisanswer?—Notatall.Itcouldn’thavebeen________.A．better B．worse C．more D．less()20．Wecannotadd“un”to________togiveittheopposite(相反的)meaning.A．certain B．important C．fortable D．active二、用所给单词的正确形式填空1．Takeexerciseonehouraday,you’llbee(healthy)thanbefore.2．Mysisteris(good)atMathsthanI.Sheoftenhelpsmewithit.3．Fridayismy(busy)dayinaweek.4．Ofallthesubjects,IlikeEnglish(good).5．Iknowsomethingaboutthefilm.Canyoutellme(much)?三、完成句子6．我比其他孩子更安静和稳重。I’mandthanotherkids.7．我现在的感觉比昨天更糟。NowI’mfeelingyesterday.8．我没有买到演唱会的入场券。Ihaven’tgottheconcert.9．到目前为止，中国在消除贫困方面卓有成就。,Chinaissuccessfulineradicationofpoverty(消除贫困）10．他的老师总是建议他要认真听讲。Histeacheralwayshimtolistentotheteacher.四、多句选词填空excite,disappoint,live,it,African，usual,learn,go,important,store11．Theyoungbirdcanfeednow.12．Theoldmanloveslivinginthecountryside.13．Threearevisitingourschoolnow.14．Youmustknowtheofsavewater.15．Iwanttogotothe.Canyoushowmetheway?16．Bob'sfatherhastoBeijingandhewillgetbackintwoweeks.17．It'sthemoviethatI'veeverwatched.Ilikeitverymuch.18．Maryisworried,becauseshedoesn'tknowhow__Englishwell.19．It'sthatsuchawonderfulplacecan’tbevisited.20．Myteacheralwaysworksoutmathproblemsinanway.五、完型填空Weletomyhometown.It'sanew1nearariver.2itissmallerthantheothercities.Itisveryquiet,3andnice.So4peoplethinkitisagoodplace.5youetomyhometown,Iwillshowyou6abigandbeautifulpark.Itisinthecenter7thecity.Itismyfavoriteplace.I8gototheparkonSundayswithmyfamilyorfriends.Manypeople9initeveryday.Kidscanplaysportsorplayallkindsof10likeflyingkitesinit,too.There11payphones,asupermarket,amarketandrestaurantsinit.Thelibraryis12from8：00amto9：00pmeveryday.Peoplecanreadbooks,13videosandlearnnewthingsinit.Peoplecanbuythingsinthe14andmarket.Ifpeoplearehungry,theycangototherestaurantsfora15.Doyoulikemyhometown?（）1．A．village B．city C．town D．island（）2．A．But B．Though C．So D．Because（）3．A．crowded B．noisy C．clean D．dirty（）4．A．most B．least C．fewest D．biggest（）5．A．Where B．Why C．Which D．When（）6．A．at B．by C．around D．after（）7．A．of B．at C．after D．in（）8．A．never B．hardly C．usually D．ever（）9．A．exercise B．toexercise C．exercising D．exercised（）10．A．cards B．games C．books D．tricks（）11．A．have B．are C．had D．were（）12．A．opened B．close C．closed D．open（）13．A．take B．play C．learn D．watch（）14．A．office B．library C．supermarket D．park（）15．A．meal B．party C．drink D．gift六、阅读单选AOneday,Johnreadanadvertisementinanewspaper．Itsaid,"Wanted．Thebestsalesmanintheworld．"Johnthoughthewasagreatsalesmanandwenttoaskforthejob．""I'mthebestsalesmanintheworld,"hesaidtothemanager．"Givemethejob．""Youmustproveyou'rethebest,"themanagersaid．"OKIwill,"Johnsaid．"Good．"Themanagertookseveralboxesofsweetsoutofhisdesk．"LastweekIboughtathousandboxesofsweets．Ifyoncansellthemallbeforetheendoftheweek,youcanhavethejob,"saidthemanager．"That'seasy,"Johnsaid．Hetooktheboxesofsweetsandlefttheoffice．Everydayandalldayhewentfromshoptoshop,tryingtosellthesweets．Buthecouldn'tsellone．Thesweetsweretoobadforhimtosell．Attheendoftheweekhewentbacktothemanager．"I'msorry,sir,"hesaid,"Iwaswrongaboutmyself．I'mnotthebestsalesmanintheworld,butIknowwhois．""Oh"saidthemanager．"Who?""Thepersonwhosoldyouathousandboxesofthesweets．"（）1．ThemanagertoldJohn.A．hecouldstartworkatonceB．hewasthebestsalesmanintheworldC．hewasn'tagoodsalesmanD．hemustshowhewasthebestsalesmanintheworld（）2．Johncouldgetthejobif.A．hesoldathousandboxesofsweetsB．hegaveawayathousandboxesofsweetsC．hesentthemanagerathousandboxesofsweetsD．heboughtathousandboxesofsweetsfromthemanager（）3．Therightorder(顺序）ofthestoryis.①Johnwenttoaskforthejob.②Johntoldthemanagerwhothebestsalesmanreallywas.③Johnreadanadvertisementinanewspaper.④Johnwenttosellthesweets.A．①②③④,B．④③②①C．③①④②, D．③④①②（）4．Fromthisstorywecanknowthat．A．Johndidn'tgetthejobB．JohnwasagoodsellerC．themanagerwasagoodsellerD．theadvertisementwasagoodone（）5．Johncouldn'tsellthesweetsbecause．A．hewasnotagoodsalesmanB．thesweetsweretoobadC．hewantedtosendthemtohisfriendsD．nobodylikedsweetsBTom,Jean,JackandLucyaretalkingaboutthemovietheatersinthecity.Myname’sTom.IgotoMoviePalacetwiceamonth.It’sabouttwokilometersfrommyhome.Theserviceisgood.Butthepriceofaticketisalittleexpensive.InevergotoMoonCinema.It’sabout10kilometersfrommyhome.I’mJean.IgotoMoonCinemamoreoften.Thereareoftennewmoviesonshowandthescreensarebig.Mostimportantly,thepriceischeap.It’salwayshalfthepriceforstudents,about30yuan.Igothereonceaweek.I’mJack.Iliveabout5kilometersfromMoonCinemaand8kilometersfromMoviePalace.IthinktheseatsinMoonCinemaarehardandthemusicistooloud.SoIprefertogotoMoviePalace.IgotoMoviePalaceonceamonth.I’mLucy.IprefertogotoMoviePalace.It’sinthecenterofthecityandisverymodern.Ilikeshoppingandtherearesomeshoppingcentersaround.Igothereonceamonth.（）51．Whogoestoacinemaonceamonth?A．TomandJean.B．JeanandJack.C．JackandLucy. D．LucyandTom.（）52．HowmuchisafullpriceticketinMoonCinema?A．About50yuan.B．About100yuan.C．About30yuan. D．About60yuan.（）53．WhydoseTomnevergotoMoonCinema?A．Theticketisexpensive. B．Theseatsarehard.C．Thescreensaren’tbig. D．It’sfarfromhishome.（）54．Jack’shomeis___________kilometersfartherfromMoviePalacethanTom’s.A．3 B．5 C．6 D．10（