专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷11

专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷U（共8

套）

（共170题）

专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷第1套

一、阅读理解（本题共20题，每题1.0分，共20分。）

Theagriculturerevolutioninthenineteenthcenturyinvolvedtwothings;theinventionof

labor-savingmachineryandthedevelopmentofscientificagriculture.Labor-saving

machinerynaturallyappearedfirstwherelaborwasscarce."InEurope,"saidThomas

Jefferson,"theobjectistomakethemostoftheirland,laborbeingsufficient;hereitisto

makethemostofourlabor,landbeingabundant."ItwasinAmerica,therefore,thatthe

greatadvancesinthenineteenthcenturyagriculturalmachineryfirstcame.Atthe

openingofthecentury,withtheexceptionofacrude（粗糙的）plow,farmerscouldhave

carriedpracticallyalloftheexistingagriculturaltoolsontheirbacks.By1860,mostof

themachineryinusetodayhadbeendesignedinanearlyform.Themostimportantof

theearlyinventionswastheironplow.Asearlyas1890CharlesNewboltofNewJersey

hadbeenworkingontheideaofacast-ironplowandspenthisentirefortunein

introducinghisinvention.Thefarmers,however,wouldhomenoneofit,claimingthat

theironpoisonedthesoilandmadetheweedsgrow.Nevertheless,manypeopledevoted

theirattentiontotheplow,untilin1869,JamesOliverofSouthBend,Indiana,turnedout

thefirstchilled-steelplow.

1、Theword"here"inLine4refersto.

A、Europe

B、America

C、NewJersey

D、Indiana

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据上下文，这里的“here”指的是美国。

2、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A^TheneedforlaborhelpedtheinventionofmachineryinAmerica.

B、ThefannerrejectedCharlesNcwbolfsplowforfearofruinoftheirfields.

C、BothEuropeandAmericahadgreatneedforfarmmachinery.

D、ItwasinIndianathatthefirstchilled-steelplowwasproduced.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文章第三句说到："InEurope,theobjectistomakethemostoftheir

land,laborbeingsufficient；hereitistomakethemostofourlabor,landbeing

abundant."（在欧洲，由于劳动力充足，所以要充分利用土地：而在美国，由于土

地充足，所以要充分使用劳动力。）因此说欧洲和美国都急需农业机械化是错误

的。C为正确答案。

3、Thepassageismainlyabout.

A、theagriculturerevolution

B、theinventionoflabor-savingmachinery

C、thedevelopmentofscientificagriculture

D、thefarmingmachineryinAmerica

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文章的主旨应当是“节省劳动力的机器的发明”。

4^Attheopeningofthenineteenthcentury,farmersinAmerica.

A、preferredlighttools

B、wereextremelyself-reliant（自给的）

C、hadmanytools

D、hadveryfewtools

标准答案：D

知识点解析：文章第五句说到："Attheopeningofthecentury,withtheexceptionof

acrudeplow,farmerscouldhavecarriedpracticallyalloftheexistingagriculturaltools

ontheirbacks."（在本世纪（19世纪）初,除了一把粗糙的耕犁之外,农民可以把其

余所有的农具放在背上。）说明当时的农具很少。D为正确答案。

5、Itisimpliedbutnotstatedinthepassagethat.

A、therewasashortageofworkersonAmericanfarms

B、themostimportantoftheearlyinventionwastheironplow

C、after1869,manypeopledevotedtheirattentiontotheplow

D、CharlesNewbolthadmadeafortunebyhiscast-ironplow

标准答案：A

知识点解析：文章暗含的内容是“美国缺乏劳动力”，

Katherinewalkedintoanewspaperoffice,anddemandedtoseetheeditor.Fortunately,

theeditorwaspassingtheinquiryofficewhensheaskedforhim.Seeingshewasagirlof

schoolage,hethoughtitmightofferhimanamusingfiveminutesbetweeninterviews.

Katherinewasveryrudetohimwhenhetoldhertheydidn'tacceptschoolgirls.Shesaid

shewassurprisedthattheeditorofagreatLondonnewspaperdidnotknowhowto

behavelikeagentleman.Theeditorsatbackinhischairandlaughedheartily.Hehad

neverbeenspokentolikethatinhislife.Heratherlikeditforitsnovelty.Aftersome

furtherconversation,inwhichKatherineattemptedtopersuadehimthatshecoulddo

anythinghewanted,fromwritingaleadingarticletoaserialstory,shesaid;"Iamnot

goingtoleavethisroomuntilyouputmeonthestaff!nThentheeditorhadtospeakto

herratherseriously,andtoldherwhatagreatLondonnewspapermeanttoagirlandhow

utterlyignorantshewascfeverythingthatwouldmakeherusefulasajournalist.Upon

thisKatherineburstintotears,andtheeditor,whohaddismissedmanymeninthecourse

ofhiscareer,walkedupanddowntheroomwonderingwhathecoulddoforthis

extraordinaryyounggirlwhosetearfuleyesweresofullofdisappointment."Lookhere,”

hesaid,"ifyoucometomeintwoyears*time,withaknowledgeofshorthand,andif

youpromisenottoshedtearsonmyblotting-paper,Iwillgiveyousomethingtodo."

"Really?Ifyoudon'tmind,I'11haveitinblackandwhite/'saidthegirl.Theeditorwas

startled.Hebegantothinkthatthisyounggirlwasnotsoyoungasshelooked.He

draftedoutanagreementforheronthelineslaiddownwithagreatdealofsolemnity（严

席）whichhefoundquiteamusing、forhewasconfidcnlthattheyounggirlmightqui【cas

wellchangehermindorwouldbeengagedtoaniceboylongbeforetheagiccmcnttook

effect.

6、Therealreasonwhytheeditordecidedtointerviewthegirlwasthathe.

A>heardheraskingforhim

wasnotverybusy

C、thoughtitwouldamusehim

D.likedtoworkwithyounggirls

标准答案：C_

知识点解析:第一段最后一句说到“Seeingshewasagirlofschoolage,hethoughtit

mightofferhimanamusingfiveminutesbetweeninterviews.”故选Co

7、"Heratherlikeditforitsnovelty"meanshelikeditbecauseitwas.

A、unusual

B、pleasant

C、courageous

D、friendly

标准答案：A

知识点解析：第二段第四、五句说到"Hehadneverbeenspokentolikethatinhis

life.Heratherlikcditforitsnovelty.”根据上下文可推断出novelty含有“新奇的，

不寻常的”之意，只有A选项比较接近此意。

8、Theeditorwalkedupanddowntheroom,becausehewas.

A^ratherangrywithher

B、afraidotherpeoplewouldhearhercrying

C、notsurewhetherheshoulddismissherornot

D^tryingtomakeadecision

标准答案：D

知识点解析：第三段最后一句讲到“…walkedupanddowntheroomwonderingwhat

hecoulddoforthisextraordinaryyounggirlwhosetearfuleyesweresofullof

11、TheultimateaimofProjectTigeristo.

A^protecttigersfrombeingkilled

B、studythegrowthrateoftigers

C、promotethebreedingofyoungtigers

D、analyzethebehavioralpatternsoftigers

标准答案：A

知识点解析：从文章第一段述说老虎数量的锐减促使了老虎保护项目的启动可推知

A正确。

12、Studieshaveshownthat.

A、atigressneverattacksuntilattacked

B、thetigressisnotasfierceasthetiger

C>thetigerisnotanefficienthunterasiscommonlydescribed

D、atigerusuallyfightsanothertigertodefenditsownterritory

标准答案：C

知识点解析：由文章第三段“Thepopularimageofthctigeristhatofamercilessand

unconquerablehunter.Butstudiesshowthatitcatchesonlyoneof20victimsittriesto

attack可知C正确。

13、Accordingtothepassage,atiger'sterritory.

A、remainsunchanged

B、isoftendefendedbytigresses

C、isthecauseofmostfights

D、expandsasthetigergrowsup

标准答案：D

知识点解析：从第二段第二句"Studiesshowthatamaletigermaycontrolahunting

territoryofbetween10and20sq.kms.dependingonitsage,sizeandstrength."可

知DIF确「

14、SomepeopleareafraidthatProjectTiger.

A、hasfailedtoachieveitsgoal

B、hasnotreceivedenoughattention

C、hasbeencarriedtoofar

D、isnotworththemoneyspentonit

标准答案：C

知识点解析：从文章第四段第一句"FearshaverecentlydevelopedthatProjectTiger

hasbeentoosuccessful.”及下文的描述可知C正确。

15、Theauthorseems.

A、tohaveamatter-of-factattitudetowardsProjectTiger

B、tobeenthusiasticaboutProjectTiger

C>tohaveahostileattitudetowardsProjectTiger

D、tobesatisfiedwithProjectTiger

标准答案：A

知识点解析：纵观全文可知，作者主要讨论了对老虎的保护问题，列举了大量的数

据及事例，表明了老虎保护项目带来的优势和问题，因此作者是实事求是的态度。

因此正确答案为A。

Weusebothwordsandgesturestoexpressourfeelings,buttheproblemisthatthese

wordsandgesturescanbeunderstoodindifferentways.Itistruethatasmilemeansthe

samethinginanylanguage.Sodoeslaughterorcrying.Therearealsoanumberof

strikingsimilaritiesinthewaydifferentanimalsshowthesamefeelings.Dogs,tigersand

humans,forexample,oftenshowtheirteethwhentheyareangry.Thisisprobably

becausetheyarebornwiththosebehaviorpatterns.Fearisanotheremotionthatisshown

inmuchthesamewayallovertheworld.InChineseandinEnglishliteralure,aphrase

like"hewenlpaleandbegintoiremble"suggeststhalihemaniseitherveryafraidorhe

hasjustgotaverybigshock.However,"heopenedhiseyeswide"isusedtosuggest

angerinChinesewhereasinEnglishitmeanssurprise.InChinese"surprise"canbe

describedinaphraselike"theystretchedouttheirtongues!"Stickingoutyourtonguein

Englishisaninsultinggestureorexpressesstrongdislike.Eveninthesameculture,

peopledifferinabilitytounderstandandexpressfeelings.ExperimentsinAmericahave

shownthatwomenareusuallybetterthanmenatrecognizingfear,anger,loveand

happinessonpeople'sfaces.Otherstudiesshowthatolderpeopleusuallyfinditeasierto

recognizeorunderstandbodylanguagethanyoungerpeopledo.

16、Accordingtothepassage,.

A、wecanhardlyunderstandwhatpeople,sgesturesmean

B、wecannotoftenbesurewhatpeoplemeanwhentheydescribetheirfeelingsin

wordsorgestures

C、wordscanbebetterunderstoodbyolderpeople

D^gesturescanbeunderstoodbymostofthepeoplewhilewordscannot

标准答案：B

知识点解析：答案在文章的第段：“WcusebolhwordsandgesturesI。expressour

feelings,buttheproblemisthatthesewordsandgesturescanbeunderstoodindifferent

ways.”因此，当人们用语言和手势表达感情的时候，我们常常不能确定它们的含

义。

17^People'sfacialexpressionsmaybemisunderstoodbecause.

ANpeopleofdifferentagesmayhavedifferentunderstanding

B、peoplehavedifferentcultures

C>peopleofdifferentsexmayunderstandagestureinadifferentway

D^peopleofdifferentcountriesspeakdifferentlanguages

标准答案：B

知识点解析:答案在文章的第三段后半部分：”..「heopenedhiseyeswide'isusedto

suggestangerinChinesewhereasinEnglishitmeanssurprise.”由此可推断出在不同

的文化背景下人们的行为方式和身势语也会有所不同。故选Bo

18、Inthesameculture,.

A^peoplehavedifferentabilitytounderstandandexpressfeelings

B、peoplehavethesameunderstandingofsomething

C、peopleneverfailtounderstandeachother

D、peopleareequallyintelligent

标准答案：A

知识点解析：答案在最后一段第一句话：“Eveninthesameculture,peopledifferin

abilitytounderstandandexpressfeelings."（即使是同一种文化，人们理解和表达感

情的能力也不一样。）

19、Fromthispassage,wecanconcludethat.

A^wordsareusedasfrequentlyasgestures

B、wordsarcoftenfounddifficulttounderstand

C、wordsandgesturesarebothusedinexpressingfeelings

D^gesturesaremoreefficientlyusedthanwords

标准答案：C

知识点解析：答案在文章的第一句话：“Weusebothwordsandgesturestoexpressour

feelings.因此语言和手势都可以表达感情。

20、Thebesttitleforthispassagemaybe.

A、WordsandFeelings

B、Words,GesturesandFeelings

C、GesturesandFeelings

D、CultureandUnderstanding

标准答案：B:

知识点解析：通过全文的描述可知“语言、手势、感情''应当作为文章的主题。故B

项最为恰当。

专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷第2套

一、阅读理解（本题共10题，每题1.0分，共70分。）

OnedaywhenthefamousAmericanscientistAddisonwasonhiswayhome,ayoung

manstoppedhimandrequiredtohaveawordwithhim.Addisonacceptedhisrequest.

Theyoungmanasked,"How,Mr.Addison,canyouinventsomanythingsandachieve

yourfame?"Thescientistsaid,"Itseemsthatyouhavebeenthinkingofbecoming

famouseveryday."Theyoungmannodded,"Yes,Ihavebeendreamingofbeinga

personasnotableasyou.EveryminuteIamthinkingofhowtobecomefamous.Idon't

knowwhenIcanachievemyfame."Addisontoldhim,"Don'tworry,youngman.Ifyou

wanttobeafamousmanthisway,youwillhavetowaituntilyoudie!""WhyshouldI?"

theyoungmanwaspuzzled.Addisonsaid,"Whatyoudreamedisactuallyahigh

building.Youneverthinkofhowtobuilditwithbricks.Thusthebuildingwillnever

comeintoreality.However,yourstorycanserveasamirror.Peoplewillrememberyou

becauseofyouridlenessandlaziness.Theywilloftenspeakofyournamewhilethey

givewarningstotheirchildren.Aren'tyouanotorious（声名狼藉的）personbythen?"

Theyoungmanhunghisheadinshame.

1、TheyoungmanaskedAddisonhowto.

A、inventnewthings

B、becomefamous

C、talkwithhim

D、becomeascientist

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

2、TheyoungmanwaspuzzledbecauseAddisontoldhimhewould.

A、dieafterhewasfamous

B>befamousbeforehedied

C^diebeforehebecamefamous

D、becomewell-knownafterhedied

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

3、Theyoungmancouldn'tachievehisfamebecause.

A、hisaimwastoohigh

B、hedidn'tworkhardforit

C>hedidn'tmeetAddisonearlier

D、nobodyadvisedhimhowtodo

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

Biomechanics—theapplicationofengineeringprinciplestothemotionsofthehuman

body—standsattheheartofmuchofthecurrentworkintrainingathletes.AttheU.S.

OlympicCommitteeBiomechanicsLaboratoryinColoradoSprings,expertsusea

computerized"forceplatform"tomeasureboththemagnitude（巨人）anddirectionof

bodyforcesasanathleteruns,liftsandthrows.Thisinformationcantellanathletesuch

asadiscus（铁饼）throwerwhetherheperformsbetterwhenmoreweightisplacedonthe

frontorbackfoot.TheU.S.CyclingFederationreliesonbiomechanicalanalysisto

measuretheforceappliedtopedalsbycyclists."Wecantellifonelegisusingmore

forcethantheotherandhoweffectivearider'spedalingmotionis,"saysEdmundBurke

ofthefederation.MarathonerTonySandovalbenefitedfrombiomechanicsinadifferent

way.Troubledbytendinitis（腱炎）andunabletofigureoutthecause,hewentto

specialistswhoanalyzedhisrunningmovementsandfoundhewasrotatinghisankle

excessivelywhenlandingandthusinHamingtendons.Additionalanalysisshowedthis

occurredbecausehislowerlegmuscles,whichshouldstabilizetheankle,wereweak.He

wentonamusclcs-strcngihcningprogram,andnoweverythingisbacktonormal.

4、Theauthordevelopsthemainideaby.

A>comparingacyclisttoamarathoner

B、explainingtheprinciplesofthecomputerized"forceplatform"

C、givingexamplestoshowhowtheexpertsutilizebiomechanicsintrainingathletes

D、analyzingtheresultsbyengineeringprinciples

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

5、Wecaninferthat.

A、everymarathonerwouldsufferfromtendinitis

EdmundBurkewasafamouscyclist

C>anathletecanbenefitfrombiomechanics

D、withoutbiomechanics,Americanathletescan'tmakeanyprogress

标准答案：C'」

知识点解析：暂无解析

Onthesurface,AIDSappearstohavebarelytouchedAsiasofar,andthefewcases

reportedinvolvemainlyforeigners,femaleandmaleprostitutes（妓女）andimported

blood.Butcomplacencycouldbeafatalerror.Expertshavenodoubtsthatthereported

casesrepresentonlythetipofanepidemiciceberg;manymorepeopleareinfectedthan

casesreported,inpartbecausethevirustakesfivetosevenyearsfrominfectionto

developintoAIDS.SaysDr.JonathanMann,directoroftheSpecialProgramonAIDSof

theWorldHealthOrganization:"AIDSisknockingonthedoorofAsia."Yetbecause

AIDSisoccurringlaterinAsiathaninothercontinents,Asianscanbenefitfromthe

knowledgegainedataheavypriceelsewhere:AIDScanbetransmittedthrough

heterosexualaswellashomosexualcontactandpreventionthrougheducationisthe

key—indeedtheonly—defensesofaravailable.InthewordsofDr.Mann,"the

opportunityforprotectionofAsiaagainstwidespreaddisseminationofHIV"一theAIDS

virus—"isobviousandmaybevitaltothefutureofthecontinent."IncontrasttoAsia,

Africahadnowarningatallwhenthediseasebegantoappearthere.Today,several

millionmen,womenandchildrenmayalreadybeaffected.HereisaReader'sDigest

reportontheAfricancrisis,followedbydetailedinformationonAIDSandhowitcanbe

prevented.

6、Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.

A^nothinghadbeenknownofAIDSbeforeitwasfoundinAfrica

B、Asianshavesufferedlittleastheyallhavegoodeducation

C>foreignersinAsiamaybethemostvulnerabletoAIDS

D、othercontinentswillfallvictimsofAIDSverysoon

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

7、Itisobviousthatthewriterofthepassage.

A、feelsconfidentabouteliminatingAIDSinthenearfuture

B、isratherconcernedwiththefutureoftheAsianContinent

C^showsindifferencetothesituationinAfrica

D、hasdoubtsthateducationcanbeofanyhelpinfightingagainstAIDS

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

8、Whatwillthereportthatfollowsthepassagemostlikelydiscuss?

A、Thecriticalsituationthroughouttheworld.

B>AIDSvictimsinsomeAfricancountries.

C、TheaimoftheSpecialProgramonAIDS.

D、Reader'sDigestandAIDS.

标准答案：B-

知识点解析：暂无解析

Theacquisitionofnewknowledgeaboutaproblemdoesnotalwayshelpscientistssolve

it.Sometimesitcomplicatestheoriginalproblem.Astrikingexampleofthisoccurred

whenthefindingsoftheInternationalIndianOceanExpeditionwerereportedin1962.

Oceanographershavelongbeenperplexedbythefactthatthereissolittlesediment（沉

淀）onthefloorsoftheworld'soceans.Theircalculations,basedontheestimatedrateof

sedimentaccumulationandonthetimethisprocesshashadtowork,indicatethatthere

shouldbealayerofsand,rockparticles,andorganicmatterfromtwototwoandone-half

milesthickoverthebottomoftheseas.Theirfindingsoftheactualthicknessofthe

sedimentlayer,however,haveindicatedthatitisnotmorethanafourthofthisdepth.

（Someoceanographersbelievethedepositoforganicmaterialalone,fallinginwhatthey

callthe"rainofdeath"wouldhaveaccountedforthisamountofsediment.）Thenin1962

theexpeditionscientistsreportedthattheyfoundthebottomoftheIndianOceanmuch

rougherthanhadbeenthought.Totheoceanographers,thismeansthattheirestimatesof

theactualthicknessofthesedimentlayerhavebeentoohigh.Thusitmaybethataneven

thinnerlaterofsedimentexiststhanthatwhichoceanographershadpreviously

consideredtoosmall.

9、Thereportseemstoindicatethat.

A、previousestimatesofthethicknessofthesedimentlayerweretoolow

B、previousestimatesofthethicknessofthesedimentlayerweretoohigh

C、sedimentaccumulatesveryrapidly

D、thesedimentlayeriscomposedofpureorganicmatter

标准答案：B.」

知识点解析：暂无解析

Nine-year-oldLouisPasteurrushedintothelittlehouse,hisfacewhite."Mother!"he

cried."AmaddoghasbittenmyfriendHenry,andnowtheyareburninghimwithred-

hotirons.It'sterrible!""Rabies（狂犬病），Louis.Burningthebitesistheonlyhopeof

stoppingHenryfromcatchingthedisease."SixteenyearslaterPasteurbecameaDoctor

ofScience.Andhebeganmakingimportantdiscoveriesinhisspecialfield.Pasteur

achievedgreatsuccessinhislife.Butduringtheyearsofresearchhelosttheuseofhis

leftarmandleg.Yetheworkedonandon,ashardasever,ashewaseagertofindaway

forcuringrabies.HeneverforgothisfriendHenry.Aftermanydangerousexperiments

onmaddogs,hefinallyfoundtheanswer.Justthenaboywhohadbeenbadlybittenbya

maddogarrivedathislab.AfewdaysafterPasteur'streatmenttheboygotbetter.Hedid

notcatchrabies.Thediscoverygavenewhopetopeopleinmanycountries.Peoplesent

moneytohelpbuildthePasteurInstituteinParis.Todayitisoneoftheworld'smost

famouscentersforresearch.

10、PasteurbecameaDoctorofScience.^DoctorofScience'*heremeans.

adegreewhichisthehighestinscience

B、someonewhosejobistomakesickpeoplewellagain

C、apersonwhoworksinthelab

D^thepostinscience

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷第3套

一、阅读理解（本题共20题，每题1.0分，共20分。）

TomhadonceworkedinacityofficeinLondon,butnowhewasoutofwork.Hehada

largefamilytosupport,soheoftenfoundhimselfindifficulty.HeoftenvisitedMr.

WhiteonSundays,toldhimabouthistroubles,andaskedfortwoorthreepounds.Mr.

White,amanwithakindheart,founditdifficulttorefusethemoney,thoughhehimself

waspoor.TomhadalreadyreceivedmorethanthirtypoundsfromMr.White,buthe

alwaysseemedtobeinneedofsonemore.Oneday,aftertellingMr.Whitealongstory

ofhistroubles,Tomaskedforfivepounds.Mr.Whitehadheardthissortofthingbefore,

buthelistenedpatientlytotheend.Thenhesaid,"Iunderstandyourdifficulties,Tom.V

dliketohelpyou.ButI'mnotgoingtogiveyoufivepoundsthistime.V11lendyouthe

money,andyoucanpaymeoffnexttimeyouseeme."Tomtookthemoney,buthe

neverappearedagain.

1、Tomwasnowindifficultiesbecausehe.

A、workedinacityofficeandwaspoorlypaid

B、waspoorlypaidandhadalargefamilytosupport

C、waspoorlypaidandalwaysspentmoneycarelessly

D、wasoutofworkandhadalargefamilytosupport

标准答案：D「

知识点解析：文章第一段前两句指出，汤姆身处困境，因为他失业了，还得养活一

大家子人。

2、TomwenttoMr.Whiteforhelp.

A、twiceaweek

B、oftenonSundays

C^alwaysonMondays

D、wheneverheneededmoney

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文章第一段最后一句意思是：汤姆经常星期天拜访怀特先生，向他诉

说他的困难然后要两三英镑。

3、AltogetherTomreceivedfromMr.White.

A、atleastthirty-tivcpounds

B、exactlythirty-fivepounds

C^lessthanthirtypounds

D、fivepounds

标准答案：A

知识点解析：文章第二段第二句指出，汤姆已经从怀特先生那儿得到三十多英镑

了，后来又向怀特先生要了5英镑，所以他至少要了三十五英镑。

4、EverytimeTomwenttoMr.White,hewould.

A、directlyaskedforsomemoney

B、givesomereasonsbeforeaskingformoney

C、givereasonsandthenborrowfivepounds

D^askformoneybeforeexplaininghistroubles

标准答案：B'」

知识点解析：由文章第一段最后一句和第三段可知，每次汤姆米见怀特先生时都会

诉说自己的困难，然后会向怀特先生要一些钱，即每次汤姆来要钱都会找些借口，

故B正确。

5、Mr.Whitedecidedtolend,nottogiveTomfivepoundsinorderto.

A、encouragehimtocomeagain

B、getallhismoneyback

C、getridofhim

D、thankhimforhisstories

标准答案：c

知识点。析：文章倒数第二段中，怀特先生对汤姆说，他可以借给汤姆些钱，但是

下次来要钱时必须将上次的钱还上。结果是，汤姆再也没有来要钱。由此可推断出

怀特先生是想摆脱汤姆，故C正确。

Duringthetwentiethcenturytherehasbeenagreatchangeinthelivesofwomen.A

womanmarryingattheendofihenineteenlhcenlurywouldprobablyhavebeeninhar

middletwenlies,andwouldbelikelylohavesevenoreighlchildren，ofwhomfourof

fivelivedlilliheywerefiveyearsold.Bythetimetheyoungestwasfifteen,themother

wouldhavebeeninherearlyfiftiesandwouldexpecttoliveafurthertwentyyears,

duringwhichchanceandhealthmadeitunusualforthemtogetpaidwork.Todaywomen

marryyoungerandhavefewerchildren.Usuallyawoman'syoungestchildwillbe

fifteenwhensheisforty-fiveandcanbeexpectedtoliveanotherthirty-fiveyearsandis

likelytotakepaidworkuntilsixty.Thisimportantchangeinwomen,slifehasonly

recentlybeguntohaveitsfulleffectonwomen*seconomicposition.Evenafewyears

agomostgirlsleftschoolandtookafull-timejob.However,whentheymarried,they

usuallyleftworkatonceandneverreturnedtoit.Todaytheschool-leavingageis

sixteen,manygirlsstayaischoolafterthatage,andthoughwomenmarryyounger,more

marriedwomenstayatworkatleastuntilshortlybeforetheirfirstchildisborn.Very

manymoreafterwardsreturntofullorpart-timework.Suchchangeshaveledtoanew

relationshipinmarriage、withthehusbandacceptingagicatcrshareofthedutiesand

satisfactionsoffamilylife.

6、Wearetoldthatinafamilyabout1900.

A^fewchildrendiedbeforetheywerefive

B、sevenoreightchildrenlivedtobemorethanfive

C^theyoungestchildwouldbefifteen

D、notallthechildrencanlivebeyondfive

标准答案：D

知识点解析：文章第一段第二句的意思是：十九世纪末，妇女的结婚年龄大约是二

十五岁左右，她们可能会有七到八个孩子，其中只有四到五个仅活到五岁。即不是

所有的孩子都能存活下来，有些在5岁之前就已经夭折了，故选D。

7、Onereasonwhythewomanoftodaymaytakeajobisthatshe.

A、isyoungerwhenherchildrenarcoldenoughtolookafterthemselves

doesnotlikechildrenherself

C>needn'tworryaboutfoodfbrherchildren

D、canbefreefromfamilydutieswhenshereachessixty

标准答案：A

知识点解析：文章第一段将现在的妇女与过去的妇女作了比较。倒数后两句说到一

般而言，当孩子十五岁时，现代妇女刚四十五岁，她还可以再去找T作。故A为

最佳选项。

8、Manygirlsarenowlikelyto.

A、giveuptheirjobsforgoodaftertheyaremarried

B、leaveschoolassoonastheycan

C>marrysothattheycangetajob

D、continueworkinguntiltheyaregoingtohaveababy

标准答案：D'

知识点解析：文章第二段第四句后半部分指出，今天，已婚妇女在第一个孩子出生

之前一直在工作。

9、Accordingtothepassage,itisnowquiteusualforwomento.

A、stayathomeafterleavingschool

B、marrymenyoungerthanthemselves

C、startworkingagainlaterinlife

D^marrywhilestillatschool

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文章第二段倒数第二句指出，很多妇女生完孩子后还会去做全职或兼

职工作。由此可知，妇女年龄大些后再去找工作是很普遍的现象。

10>Nowahusbandprobably.

A、playsagreaterpartinlookingafterthechildren

helpshiswifebydoingmostofthehousework

C、teclsdissatisfiedwithhispartinthefamily

D、takesapart-timejobsothathecanbemorehelpfulathome

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文章最后一句的意思是，这种变化导致了一种新型的婚姻关系，丈夫

在家庭生活中承担了更多的责任。

Oceanographyhasbeendefinedas"Theapplicationofallsciencestothestudyofthe

sea".Before（henineteenthcentury,scientistswithaninterestintheseawerefewandfar

between.CertainlyNewtonconsideredsometheoreticalaspectsofitinhiswritings,but

hewasreluctant（不愿意）togotoseatofurtherhiswork.Formostpeopletheseawas

remote、andwiththeexceptionofearlyintercontinentaltravelersorotherswhoearneda

livingfromthesea,therewaslittlereasontoaskmanyquestionsaboutitletalonetoask

whatlaybenealhihesurface.Thefirsttimethatthequestion"Whatisatthebottomof

theoceans?'1hadtobeansweredwithanycommercialconsequencewaswhenthelaying

ofatelegraphcablefromEuropetoAmericawasproposed.Theengineershadtoknow

thedepthprofile（起伏形）犬）oftheroutetoestimatethelengthofcablethathadtobe

manufactured.ItwastoMauryoftheUSNavythattheAtlanticTelegraphCompany

turned,in1853,forinformationonthismatter.Inthe1840s,Mauryhadbeenresponsible

forencouragingvoyagesduringwhichsoundings（探测）weretakentoinvestigatethe

depthsoftheNorthAtlanticandPacificOceans.Later,someofhisfindingsaroused

muchpopularinterestinhisbookThePhysicalGeographyoftheSea.Thecablewas

laid,butnotuntil1866wastheconnectionmadepermanentandreliable.Attheearly

attempts,thecablefailedandwhenitwastakenoutforrepairsitwasfoundtobecovered

inlivinggrowths,afactwhichdefiedcontemporaryscien