2023年度兰州资源环境职业技术大学单招《英语》考试综合练习及答案详解

兰州资源环境职业技术大学单招《英语》考试综合练习考试时间：90分钟；命题人：教研组考生注意：1、本卷分第I卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，满分100分，考试时间90分钟2、答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、班级填写在试卷规定位置上3、答案必须写在试卷各个题目指定区域内相应的位置，如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第I卷（选择题60分）一、单选题（20小题，每小题3分，共计60分）1、DidyoureturnFred'scall?

--Oh,Thereisnoneed_______I'llmeethimrightnow.A.thoughB.unlessC.whenD.because答案:D解析:这道题考查连词的用法。在句子中，“Thereisnoneed”表明不需要回电话，“I'llmeethimrightnow”说明马上要见面。because表示原因，符合逻辑，即因为马上要见面所以不需要回电话。though表转折，unless表条件，when表时间，均不符合语境。综上所述，答案选D。2、AlbertEinsteinwasfromaJewishfamily.HewasborninGermany.Whenhewas（1）,helikedtoaskquestions.Bythetimehewasfourteenyearsold,he（2）advancedmathematics（3）byhimself.（4）thenhehaddecidedtobecomeaphysicistand（5）himself（6）abstract(抽象)research.Hisfamilywasnotrich,buthisparentsmanaged（7）himtoatechnicalschooland（8）totheFederalInstituteofTechnologyinSwitzerland.Aftergraduation,hebegantoteach.Later,heworkedinagovernmentoffice.Then（9）themoneyhesaved,hecontinuedhisstudiesattheUniversityofZurich.In1905hegota（10）degree.Itwasatthattime（11）hebegantheresearchandstudieswhichled（12）hisfamousTheoryofRelativity.Formostpeople,histheorywas（13）difficulttounderstand.Manyscientistslaughed（14）itand（15）wouldacceptit.ButEinsteinstucktoitandwentonwithhisresearch.

第(15)选（）A.littleB.fewC.alittleD.afew答案:B解析:这道题考查不定代词的用法。“few”表示“几乎没有”，修饰可数名词；“little”修饰不可数名词；“afew”和“alittle”表示“有一些”。此处“wouldacceptit”是动作，可数，且根据语境是几乎没人接受，所以用“few”。综合来看，答案选B。3、——Doyouthinkwe'vemetbefore?

--_________________A.Thankyou.B.Goodluck.C.I’mfine.D.Idon'tthinkso.答案:D解析:这道题考查日常交际用语的理解与运用。在这种询问是否之前见过的情境中，A选项“Thankyou.”用于表达感谢；B选项“Goodluck.”用于祝福；C选项“I’mfine.”用于回答自身状况。而D选项“Idon'tthinkso.”意思是“我不这么认为”，符合对“是否见过”这一问题的否定回答，所以选D。4、MayIhavealook________yournewpen?A.ofB.inC.atD.off答案:C解析:这道题考查固定短语搭配。“havealookat”是常见的固定短语，表示“看一看”。A选项“of”、B选项“in”、D选项“off”都不能与“havealook”构成正确搭配。在英语学习中，要牢记这类常用短语，所以答案选C。5、Itwasrainingheavilyoutside.Thefathermadethechildren_____intheroom.A.stayB.tostayC.stayingD.stayed答案:A解析:这道题考查使役动词make的用法。make后接宾语补足语时，要用动词原形。在英语语法中，makesb.dosth.是固定结构，表示“让某人做某事”。A选项stay是动词原形，符合这一用法。B选项tostay是动词不定式，C选项staying是现在分词，D选项stayed是过去式，均不符合make的用法，所以答案选A。6、Thereisn't（）meatontheplate,butthere're（）cakesonit.A.any;someB.some;someC.any;muchD.some;any答案:A解析:这道题考查不定代词的用法。any常用于否定句和疑问句，some常用于肯定句。meat是不可数名词，cakes是可数名词复数。在否定句“Thereisn't”中用any修饰meat，在肯定句“there're”中用some修饰cakes。所以答案选A。7、Itis40meterslongand6meterswide.Thismustbethebiggestbusyouhaveeverseen.Itcancarry1,200to1,400people.ItisChina'snewSuperBus.ItisgoingforatestruninBeijingattheendofthisyear.SomeothercitiesarealsointerestedinrunningtheSuperBus.Theyhopethetrafficproblemswillbesolved.TheSuperBusrunsalongfixedtracks(固定轨道).Thebussitsontopoftwo2.2-meter-talllegs.Thelegshavewheelsatoneend.Smallcarscandriveunderthebus,sotheSuperBusdoesnottakeuproadspace.Thebusrunsonelectricityandsolarpower.Itcantravelupto60kmeveryhour.Itscreator,SongYouzhou,saysalotoftrafficjamswillbereduced.TheSuperBuscandotheworkof40buses.Inthatway,itcansave860tonsoffueleveryyear,accordingtoSong.“TobuildaSuperBusanditstrackcostslessthanbuildingsubways.Subwaysarenearlytentimesmoreexpensivetobuild.”Songsaid.SomepeopleworrythattheSuperBusmaynotbesafe.However,Songsaysthere'snoneedforconcern.TheSuperBushaslaserscanners(激光扫描仪)betweenitslegs.Thescannersmakesurethecarskeepasafedistance.

WecanguessthatSong'spurposeforbuildingthebuswasto（）A.taketheplaceofsmallcarsB.solvetrafficproblemsC.increasethespeedD.reducecaraccidents答案:B解析:根据题干中的描述，超级巴士的设计和功能主要集中在解决交通问题上。其巨大的载客量、沿固定轨道行驶的特性、以及在小型车辆上方通行的设计，都是为了提高道路运输效率，减少交通拥堵。此外，超级巴士的建造成本低于地铁，且能替代多辆普通公交车，进一步体现了其在解决交通问题上的优势。因此，宋有洲建造超级巴士的主要目的是解决交通问题。8、Mattjumpedintobed.Hisfathercameinand(1)besidehim.“Whatkindof(2)didyouhave,Matt?”heasked.“Itwasabaddayforme,”Matt(3).“IhadafightwithHed.The(4)sentanotehomeaboutme.AndItalkedbacktoMother.”??“Yes,partofthedaywasbad,”Mr.Goldsaid.“Butthereweregoodpartstoo.Nowit'stimetogoto(5).Sotellmeaboutthe(6)thing.”Mattsmiled.“AfterschoolIwentfishing,”hesaid.“Noonewantedtogowithme.SoIhadtogo(7)Ididn'tthinkIwouldhaveanyfun.ButIdid.I(8)abigfish!”“Iamgladyouhadagoodtime,”Mr.Goldsaid,“Thinkaboutituntilyougotosleep.NowIamgoingto(9)offthelight.Happydreams!”“Goodnight,Dad.”Mattsaid.??Everynight,Mr.GoldandMatthavealittletalk(10)this.EverynightMattgoestosleepthinkingaboutthebestthing.

第(6)选（）A.bestB.worstC.greatestD.saddest答案:A解析:在对话中，Mr.Gold询问Matt关于当天的事情时，先提到了不好的部分，然后转向积极的一面，说“Nowit'stimetogotosleep.Sotellmeaboutthe_6_thing.”这里的语境是在引导Matt思考并分享当天最好的事情，以便以积极的心态入睡。因此，空白处应填入“best”，表示最好的。9、Wehaveallexperienceddayswheneverythinggoeswrong.Adaymaybeginwellenough,butsuddenlyeverythingseemstogetoutofcontrol.Itseemsasifasingleunimportanteventmaycauseanumberofthingstohappen.Letussupposethatyouarepreparingamealandkeepinganeyeonthebabyatthesametime.Thetelephoneringsandthismeansyourtroublesarebeginning.Whileyouareonthephone,thebabypullsthetableclothoffthetable,destroyingyourhalfpreparedmeal.Youhanguphurriedlyandattendtoyourbaby.Meanwhile,themealgetsburnt.Asifthiswerenotenoughtobringyoutotears,yourhusbandarrives,unexpectedlybringingthreegueststodinner.

Thingscangowrongonanumberofpeopleontheroad.Duringtherushhouroneeveningtwocarshiteachotherandbothdriversbegantoargue.Thewomandriverbehindthetwocarshappenedtobealearner.Shesuddenlygotintoapanic(恐慌)andstoppedhercar.Thismadethedriverfollowingherstopsuddenly.Hiswifewassittingbesidehimholdingalargecake.Asshewasthrownforward,thecakewentrightthroughthewindowandlandedontheroad.Seeingacakeflyingthroughtheair,atruck-driverhadtostophistruckallofasudden.Thetruckwascarryingemptybeerbottlesandhundredsofthemslidoffthebackofthetruckontotheroad.Thisledtoyetanotherangryargument.Meanwhile,thetrafficpiledupbehind.Ittookthepolicenearlyanhourtogetthetrafficonthemoveagain.Inthemeanwhile,thetruck-driverhadtosweepuphundredsofbrokenbottles.Onlytwodogswereenjoyingthemselvesfromtheaccident,fortheywerehappilyhavingwhatwasleftofthecake.Itwasjustoneofthosedays!

Whenthetelephonerings.___.A.you'd

better

have

your

baby

a

little

distant

from

your

table

before

going

to

answer

the

phoneB.your

trouble

is

sure

to

comeC.you'd

better

just

let

it

ring

all

the

wayD.you

should

never

go

to

answer

it

in

a

hurry答案:A解析:在文章中提到，当你正在准备饭菜同时照看婴儿时，电话铃声响起往往意味着麻烦的开始。在接电话的过程中，婴儿可能会拉掉桌布，导致饭菜被破坏。因此，为了避免这种情况发生，最好在接电话前将婴儿稍微远离餐桌放置。这说明了在电话响起时，采取预防措施的重要性。10、Jimcan'tswim,（）.A.neithercanIB.neitherIcanC.sodoID.soIdo答案:A解析:这道题考查倒装句的用法。在否定句中，表示“某人也不”用“neither+助动词/情态动词+主语”。Jim不会游泳，“我也不会”要用“neithercanI”。B选项语序错误，C选项“sodoI”用于肯定句中表示“我也是”，D选项“soIdo”表示“确实如此”，均不符合题意。所以答案是A。11、A:Hello,Tom.(1)B:Hello,Lucy.Prettygood!It'sexcitingtoseeyouagainatschool.A:Aha.(2)B:Metoo.It'salongtimetostudyonlineathome.Wouldyouliketoshareonlinestudieswithme?A:(3)First,weneedtomakeastudyplan.B:Iagree.Creatingato-dolistfirstisimportant.A:(4)Askyourfamilymembersnottomakenoiseduringclasses.B:Whatelse?A:Don'tchatwithyourclassmatesonlineinclass,oryou'llmisssomethingimportant.B:(5)Thanksforsharing!A:You'rewelcome!

第（2）空填（）A.How'sitgoing?B.Sure,I'dliketo.C.Imissallofyouandteachers.D.Next,findaquietlearningenvironment.答案:C解析:根据对话内容，A和B在谈论在线学习的经历和感受。A提到在学校再次见到B很令人兴奋，B表示同意并提到很长时间在家上网课。在这种情况下，A表达对同学和老师的思念之情是自然而合适的，因此选项C“Imissallofyouandteachers.”最符合语境。其他选项如“How'sitgoing?”（你好吗？）过于随意，不太适合这种情境；“Sure,I'dliketo.”（当然，我愿意。）没有表达出对同学和老师的思念；“Next,findaquietlearningenvironment.”（接下来，找一个安静的学习环境。）则偏离了当前话题。12、从下面单词中找一个括号部分读音不同的单词。（）A.cr(o)pB.(o)fferC.h(o)lidayD.h(o)tel答案:D解析:这道题考查单词中元音字母“o”的读音。在A选项“crop”、B选项“offer”和C选项“holiday”中，“o”的读音相同。而在D选项“hotel”中，“o”的读音与其他三个不同。熟悉单词读音规则，就能准确判断出答案是D选项。13、Onemanwassenttogo（）toseeif（）wasclear.A.ahead;theaheadroadB.head;theroadaheadC.toahead;theroadaheadD.ahead;theroadahead答案:D解析:这道题考查“ahead”的用法。“ahead”有“向前；在前面”的意思。“goahead”是常见短语，表示“前进”。在选项中，“theroadahead”表示“前面的路”，是固定搭配。根据句子意思，一个人被派去看看前面的路是否畅通，D选项符合语法和语义。14、Marykepther__________tovisitthelonelyoldmaneveryweek.A.choiceB.chanceC.adviceD.promise答案:D解析:这道题考查对单词含义的理解。“keepone'spromise”是“信守承诺”的固定搭配。A选项“choice”意为“选择”；B选项“chance”意为“机会”；C选项“advice”意为“建议”。Mary每周去看望孤独老人，是在信守她的承诺，所以答案选D。15、TheUniversityofTokyoistheoldestuniversityinJapanandhasalwaysbeenintheleadwhenitcomestofacingnewchallenges.Withits10departments,15graduateschools,and11researchinstitutes,ithasbeenaguidingforceinresearchandeducationineveryfield.

TheUniversityofTokyo'srecordindevelopingimportanthumanresourcesforJapanesesocietyiswellknown,butnow,withthehundredsofexchangeagreementsmade,theuniversityhasformedwithoverseasuniversities,anditisplayinganimportantroleintheinternationalacademiccommunityaswell.Specifically,theroleitplaysinvariousinter-universityorganizationswithinAsiahasbecomeincreasinglyimportantinrecentyears.Morethan2000internationalstudents,beyond10percentoftheentirestudentbody,arecurrentlystudyingintheUniversity'sgraduateschools.

TheUniversityofTokyobecameanindependentcorporationinApril2004.Therealimportanceofthisshiftisthattheuniversitynowhasanewstructurethatwillenableittouseitsresourcesmoreefficientlythanbefore.Theimportantpositionthatuniversitieshaveinthedevelopmentofsocialandeconomicfieldsinthe21stcenturyisalreadywellunderstoodaroundtheworld.Theexpectationspeoplenowholdforuniversitiesandtheincreasinglystrictstandardsagainstwhichtheywillbeevaluated(评估)aresimplytwosidesofthesamecoin.TheUniversityofTokyoiswellawareofthecurrentenvironmentandhasbeguntotakethenecessarystepstochangeitselfintoanewuniversityforanewcentury.

Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat__.A.the

University

of

Tokyo

is

taking

measures

to

make

itself

keep

up

with

the

timesB.the

position

of

universities

is

becoming

more

and

more

important

in

daily

lifeC.people

will

value

universities

in

the

futureD.the

standards

of

universities

are

becoming

more

and

more

strict答案:A解析:文章提到东京大学是日本最古老的大学，并且在面对新挑战时一直处于领先地位。文章还指出，东京大学已成为研究和教育领域的引导者，并与海外大学签订了数百项交流协议，在国际学术界发挥着重要作用。此外，东京大学在2004年成为独立法人，这一转变使其能够更有效地利用资源。文章最后提到，东京大学已经意识到当前的环境，并开始采取必要措施将自己转变为适应新世纪的新型大学。从这些描述中可以推断出，东京大学正在采取措施使自己与时俱进。16、InBritainyou'reallowedtodriveacarwhenyou'reseventeen.Youhavetogetaspecialtwo-yeardrivinglicensebeforeyoucanstart.Whenyouarelearning,someonewithafulllicensealwayshastobeinthecarwithyoubecauseyouarenotallowedtodrivethecarontheroadalone.Youdon'thavetogotoadrivingschool-afriendcanteachyou.Thepersonwithyouisn'tallowedtotakemoneyforthelessonunlesshe'sgotateacher'slicense.

Beforeyou'reallowedtohaveafulllicense,youhavetotakeadrivingtest.Youcantakeatestinyourowncar,butithastobefitfortheroad.Inthetestyouhavetodriveroundforaboutanhourandthenanswerafewquestions.Ifyoudon'tpassthetest,you'reallowedtotakeitagainafewweekslaterifyouwantto.In1970awomanpassedherfortiethtestafter212drivinglessons!Whenyou'vepassedyourtest,youdon'thavetotakeitagain,andyou'reallowedtogoondrivingaslongasyoulike,ifyouarehealthy.Britain'soldestdriverwasamanwhodrovein1974attheageof100.Before1904everyonewasallowedtodrive,evenchildren.Thenfrom1904cardrivershadtohavealicense.Buttheydidn'thavetotakeatestuntil1935.Intheearlydaysofcardriving,before1878,carsweren'tallowedtogofasterthanfourmilesanhourandsomeonehadtoleadthecarwitharedflag.

Inthedriving

test,one

__.A.must

drive

his

own,and

it

must

be

fit

for

the

roadB.is

usually

asked

to

drive

on

roads

for

some

timeC.has

to

do

nothing

but

answer

a

few

questionsD.must

drive

around

for

more

than

an

hour答案:B解析:在驾驶测试中，考生需要驾驶车辆并在路上行驶一段时间，这是为了评估考生的驾驶技能和对交通规则的理解。之后，考生还需要回答一些问题，这些问题通常与驾驶理论和交通规则相关。虽然测试中考生可以驾驶自己的车，但车辆必须适合上路。根据原文，“Inthetestyouhavetodriveroundforaboutanhourandthenanswerafewquestions”，说明考生需要驾驶一段时间，并非什么都不做只回答问题，也不是必须驾驶超过一个小时。因此，正确答案是B，即在驾驶测试中，考生通常被要求在路上驾驶一段时间。17、IntheUSA,somepeopleasktheirfamiliesandfriendstogivemoneytocharityratherthan________theirgifts．A.tobuyB.buyC.buyingD.bought答案:B解析:这道题考查固定句型“ratherthandosth.”的用法。在英语语法中，“ratherthan”后接动词原形。题中“ratherthan”后应接动词“buy”的原形。A选项“tobuy”是动词不定式，C选项“buying”是动名词形式，D选项“bought”是过去式，均不符合该句型要求，所以答案选B。18、Steve’ssuccessis____duetohishardwork,thoughhedoeshaveabitofluck.A.largeB.largelyC.nearD.nearly答案:B解析:这道题考查词汇的用法。“large”意为“大的”，“near”意为“附近”，均不符合句意。“largely”表示“在很大程度上”，“nearly”表示“几乎”。句子说Steve的成功在很大程度上归因于努力工作，“largely”更贴切。所以答案选B。19、Doyouliketravellingfromonecityto________?A.othercitiesB.theotherC.othersD.another答案:D解析:这道题考查不定代词的用法。在英语中，“fromone...toanother”是常见的固定搭配，表示“从一个……到另一个”。A选项“othercities”通常不与“fromone...to”连用；B选项“theother”一般用于两者中的另一个；C选项“others”表示其他的人或物。综合来看，“another”最符合题意，所以答案选D。20、OnlyonSundays（）watchTV.A.hecanB.canheC.hedoesD.didhe答案:B解析:这道题考查倒装句的用法。在英语中，only位于句首修饰状语时，句子要部分倒装。这里“OnlyonSundays”是时间状语，所以需要将情态动词can提前。A选项没有倒装；C选项does用于一般现在时，不符合；D选项did用于一般过去时，也不符合。所以应该选择B选项canhe。第Ⅱ卷（非选择题40分）二、填空题（10小题，每小题3分，共计30分）1、[未知题型(5)]（汉译英）包括经理在内的公司的所有的人都认为玛丽适合这份工作。(befitfor)答案:AllpeopleinthecompanyincludingthemanagerthinkthatMaryisfitforthejob．2、[未知题型(5)]Hewasmade（）(sweep)thefloor．答案:tosweep3、[未知题型(5)]与牛奶相比，我更喜欢喝茶。[]答案:Ipreferteatomilk．4、[未知题型(5)]Hesaidhe（）(can)comehereearly．答案:could5、DearFiona,

Howareyouthesedays?IaminBeijingforsixmonths.Andeverythingisgoingwellwith_____(11)_____.Buttobehonest,Iamalittle_____(12)_____thesedays.Myhusband,Ben,isbusywithhis_____(13)_____,too.Everyday,he_____(14)_____himabouttwo_____(15)_____togettohisoffice.It's_athalfpastsixandthengoestoworkbybus.Usuallyittakes_____(16)_____fromourhome.Andmy_____(17)_____isonlytwoyearsold.Sheistoo_____(18)_____,soIcan'tgotoworkandhavetolookafterherathome.

It'steno'clocknow,butwejust_____(19)_____thedinner.Whatarewedoingnow?Benis_____(20)_____thedishesinthekitchen.Heistired,_____(21)_____hestillhelpsmewhenhegetshome.I_____(22)_____tellmygirlastorytohelphersleep.Afterwritingtoyou,Ineedtoprepare_____(23)_____fortomorrowmorning.AndthenIcan_____(24)_____myselfandthengotobed.ThedayaftertomorrowisSaturday.AndI'llgobackhomethen._____(25)_____toseeyousoon.

Yours,

Laura.

根据短文内容，在A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案填入文中(18)处。（）A.dangerousB.youngC.scaryD.strict答案:B解析:根据短文内容，作者提到自己的孩子只有两岁（mydaughterisonlytwoyearsold），这意味着孩子年纪尚幼，因此作者不能外出工作，需要在家照顾她。在四个选项中，只有B项“young”（年幼的）符合这一描述，表明孩子太小而无法自理，需要家长照顾。其他选项A项“dangerous”（危险的）、C项“scary”（吓人的）和D项“strict”（严格的）均不符合文意。6、[未知题型(5)]（改写句子，句意不变，每空只填一个词）

Shetaughtherselfswimming．She（）swimming（）（）．答案:learnt;byherself7、Somepeoplebelievethatdreamscantellthemwhatwillhappeninthefuture.Nobodyknowswhy,buttherearemanystoriesaboutpeoplewhohavehaddreamsthatcametrue.OneofthesepeoplewasamancalledJohnChapman,wholivedinasmallplace,namedSwaffhaminEnglandandwasdeeplylovedbypeopleinthistown.Thoughhewasverypoor,hewaskindandlikelytohelpothersintrouble.Onenight,hedreamedthathewasstandingonLondonBridgeandamantoldhimhow