广东省广州市四校2021-2022学年高一上学期期中联考英语试题（含答案）

第第页广东省广州市四校2021-2022学年高一上学期期中联考英语试题一、阅读理解（共15题，每题2.5分，共37.5分）阅读理解Torontoisacityofneighborhoods,sowhereveryouareinToronto,you'reboundtofindyourselfsurroundedbyshopping,diningandcultureexperiencesuniquetothatspecificarea.Toronto'sCNTowerIt'soneoftheworld'stalleststructuresat1,815feetandtheglassed-inelevatorsoffervisitorsasenseofjusthowhighthatis.Inthetower's360Restaurant,dinerssitonafloorthatperformsafullcycleevery72minutes,guaranteeingdifferentviewsofthecitywitheachbiteofmeal.Plus,ifyouorderdishesattherestaurant,yourentrytotheCNTowerisfree.TheFairmontRoyalYorkHotelItisoneofToronto'soldestandmoststoriedhotels.Sinceopeningin1929,it'sstoodasoneofthelargesthotelsintheBritishCommonwealthwith1,600rooms.It'salsohometomorethan300,000bees,wholiveonthehotel'srooftopandproducehoneyfortheFairmontRoyalYork'sdiningfacilities.TheTorontoIslandsNorthAmerica'slargesturbancar-freecommunityoffersplentyofgreenspaceandbeachesforvisitorsofallages.ThoselookingforexercisecanexploretheislandsbybikewhilecheckingoutthebreathtakingviewsofToronto'sskyline;visittherentalfacilityneartheCentreIslandferrydock.St.LawrenceMarketVotedtheworld'sbestfoodmarketin2012,theSt.LawrenceMarketcomplexconsistsoftwobuildings.ThenorthbuildingplayshosttoweeklySaturdayfanner'smarkets,whileinthesouthbuilding,openeverydayexceptSundayandMonday,meat,bakedgoods,jewelry…areonoffer.OneofToronto'smosticonic（标志性的）breakfasts—thepea-mealbaconsandwichisconsideredasignaturedish.1．Wherecanyouhaveabird'seye-viewofTorontowhiledining?A．Toronto'sCNTower. B．St.LawrenceMarket.C．TheFairmontRoyalYorkHotel. D．TheTorontoIslands.2．Whatdothefourattractionsshareincommon?A．Greatfame. B．Fantasticdishes.C．Breathtakingscenery. D．Diversecultures.3．Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A．Anovel. B．Atravelguide.C．Anewsreport. D．Anadvertisement.阅读理解OnedayMrs．Smithwassittinginherdoctor'swaitingroomwhenayoungboyandhismotherenteredtheoffice．TheyoungboycaughtMrs.Smith'sattentionbecauseheworeapatchoveroneeye．Shefeltsurprisedathowunaffectedheseemedtobebythelossofaneyeandwatchedashefollowedhismothertoachairnearby．Thedoctor'sofficewasverybusythatday,soMrs.Smithhadanopportunitytoaskthelittleboywhathadhappenedtohiseyewhileheplayedwithhissoldiers.Heconsideredherquestionforalongmoment,thenreplied,"I'mapirate（海盗）!"Thenhereturnedtohisgame．Mrs.Smithwastherebecauseshehadlostherlegfromthekneedowninanautoaccident．Hertriptodaywastodetermineifithadhealedenoughtobefittedwithaprosthetic（假肢）．Thelosshadbeenadisastertoher．Intellectually,sheknewthatthislossshouldnotinterferewithherlife;butemotionally，shejustcouldn'tovercomethisobstacle．Herdoctorhadsuggestedimagination,butshehadbeenunabletoimaginesuchanemotionallyunacceptable,lastingimage.Theword"pirate"changedherlife．Instantly，shewastransported.ShesawherselfdressedasLongJohnSilver，standingaboardapirateship．Shestoodwithherlegswideapart—oneartificial．Herhandswereclenched(紧握的)atherhips,herheadupandhershouldersback,asshesmiledintoastorm．Coldwaterblewacrosstheboardasgreatwavesbrokeagainsttheship.Stillshestoodfirmly—proud,fearless.Afewminuteslater，thenursecalledher．Asshebalancedonherwalkingsticks,theboynoticedheramputation(截肢)．"Heylady，"hecalled，"What‟swrongwithyourleg？Mrs.Smithlookeddownathershortenedlegforamoment．Thensherepliedwithasmile，"Nothing．I'mapirate，too."4．Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,whichwordcanbestdescribetheboy?A．enthusiastic B．curious C．athletic D．optimistic5．WhatdoweknowaboutMrs.Smith'sleg?A．Shelostherlegbyaccident.B．Shecouldn'tacceptthefactthatshelostherleg.C．Shesufferedgreatpainduetothelossofherleg.D．Shedecidednottogiveupherlifeevenwithoutherleg.6．Wecaninferfromtheunderlinedsentencesthat________A．thepirate'slifeattractedMrs.Smith'salot.B．Mrs.Smithbecameapirateaftersheleftthehospital.C．whattheboysaidhadagreatinfluenceonMrs.Smith'slifeattitude.D．Mrs.Smithgottoknowthemeaningofthewordandbecameaknowledgeableperson.7．Whatcanwelearnfromthisstory?A．letbygonesbebygones.B．Whateverworthdoingisworthdoingwell.C．Wedon'tseethingsastheyare,weseethingsasweare.D．Alackofimaginationislackofthehalflifeofbeauty.阅读理解Forcenturies,teahasbeenusedforfarmorethanquenchingthirst.Aroundtheworldpeopledrinkittorelax,reinvigorateandrelieve,andit'ssomethingweneednowmorethanever.EvenintheUnitedStates,alongcoffee-dominatedcountry,teadrinkingisgrowinginpopularity,withthecountryconsuming0.4kilograms(14ounces)oftealeavesperpersonayearcomparedwith0.36kilograms(12.7ounces)in2007accordingtotheUnitedNations,aspeopleswitchawayfromsoda，milkandfruitdrinks.Scientistsarebeginningtolookintojusthowteamightaffectmoodandcognition.Specifically,they'reinvestigatingwhetheritsrelaxingandrefreshingeffectsareadirectbiologicaloutcomeofthecompoundsinteaorwhethertheycomefromthecontextinwhichthedrinkisconsumed—preparingyourtea,choosingyourfavoritecupandsittingdownforabriefbreakfromtheworld.Orboth.Drinkinggreenteahasbeenfoundtoimprovebrainfunctioninhealthypeople,saidStefanBorgward,chairanddirectorofthedepartmentofpsychiatryandpsychotherapyattheUniversityofLubeck,Germany.Ina2014study,hegaveoneortwocupsofgreenteato12healthyvolunteersandimagedtheirbrainstoanalyzechangesinconnectivityinsidecertainbrainregions."Wenoticedanincreasedconnectivityinregionsofthebrainassociatedwithworkingmemory,"hesaidviaemail.Anda2017reviewofmorethan100studieshecoauthoredfoundthatgreenteacanimpactthebraininthreeways:Itcaninfluencepsychopathologicalstatesuchasreducinganxiety;cognitionbybenefitingmemoryandattention;andbrainfunction,specificallymemory.Thatreviewconcludedthat"itwouldbedesirable"formoreWesternerstoconsumeatleast100milliliters(3.3fluidounces)ofgreenteaeachday"toprotectneurocognitivefunction."However,Borgward,cautionedthattheeffectsaren'tlarge,andtheevidenceismainlyprovidedbysmall-scalestudies.8．HowdoestheauthorintroducethetendencyofdrinkingintheU.S.?A．Byshowingexamples. B．Byexplainingreasons.C．Bymakingacomparison. D．Bycheckingexistingfacts.9．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A．Scientistsarelookingintowhyteamakespeoplerelaxedandrefreshed.B．Thecontextinwhichthedrinkisconsumedisveryimportant.C．People'srelaxationisthedirectbiologicaloutcomeoftheingredientsintea.D．Preparingtea,choosingacupandsittingdownforabriefrestisamazing.10．WhatcanweconcludefromStefan'sresearch?A．Teaisacureforaneurocognitivedisease.B．Greenteaisparticularlybeneficialtoourmemory.C．Drinkingteaeverydaycanpreventusfromgettingill.D．Westernersdrinklessthan100millilitersofgreentea.11．Whatistheresearcher'sattitudetowardsthefinding?A．Supportive B．Doubtful. C．Unclear. D．Objective.阅读理解Britishbirdwatcherareusedtobadnews.Housesparrownumbershavefallenfromanestimated30mto10msince1966.Curlews(杓鹬)havebecomeararesight,theirnumberssharplydecliningby50%in15years.Cuckoos(布谷鸟),once-frequentvisitorsfromAfrica,havedecreasedby63%inthesouth-eastinthepasttwodecades.Earlierspringsthatconfusemigrantbirds,moreefficientfarmingandthetransformationofruinedbuildings(goodfornesting)intomodernhomeshaveallcontributedtothesewoes.ButdatareleasedbytheBritishTrustforOrnithology(BTO),aresearchcharity,suggestsomearerising.Trackingbirdpopulationsbymeansofregularsurveys,thefiguresgivetheclearestpictureof49speciesacrossBritain.Blackcaps(黑顶林莺),smallwoodlandbirdsnativetoGermanyandeasternEurope,areunwillingtoreturnaftertheirsummershortvisits:Since1967numbershaveincreasedby177%.Thelittleegret(小白鹭),awhiteheron-likebird,arrivedfromcontinentalEuropein1989andnownumbersover5,000.Woodpigeons（斑尾林鸽）,oncefoundshylysinginginforests,havebravelymovedintocitiesandsuburbs.Environmentalandagriculturalchangeshavehelpedaswellasconfusedbirds.Modernfarmingtechniquesallowgraintobeplantedintheautumnratherthanthespring;thathelpswoodpigeonsfeedinwinter.Warmerwintersmeanriversandpondsarelesslikelytofreeze,providingthelittleegretswithfood.JamesPearce-HigginsoftheBTOsaysthatblackcapsbenefitparticularlyfromtheincreasingpopularityofberrybushesinpeople'sgardens.Birderscomplainnonetheless.Someofthespeciesboomingsuchascarrioncrows(食腐乌鸦)andbuzzards(秃鹰),aredisliked.Andmigrantbirdsthatextendtheirvisitsmayprovidecompetitionforsomebirdnatives.Theyare"musclinginandgettingthefirstclaimonbreedingsites",saysRichardCowseroftheSussexOrnithologicalSociety.Iliketheirhumancounterparts（同行）,residentsofasmallislandstrickenbyglobalwinds,Britishbirdswillhavetolearntocompete.12．Theunderlinedword"woes"inParagraph1probablymeans____________.A．Tragedy B．construction C．damage D．migration13．Whatmightnotbethereasonfortheincreaseofbirds?A．Theaccesstopeople'sgardens.B．Modernfarmingmethods.C．Thedifferentenvironmentalpatterns.D．Rebuildingofabandonedhouses.14．Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrectaccordingtothepassage?A．Allbirdloversaresatisfiedwiththesituationofbirdsincreasing.B．Migrantbirdslengtheningtheirstayscausethreattothelocalbirds.C．BlackcapswhosehomeisGermanyandeasternEuroperefusetostayinBritain.D．Morethan5000littleegretsarrivedinBritainfromcontinentalEuropein1989.15．Wheremightthisarticlecomefrom?A．Atravelbrochure. B．Anannualreport.C．Apersonaljournal. D．Amagazinearticle.二、任务型阅读（共5小题，每小题2.5分，共12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的16-20选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两项是多余选项。HowisdininginspacedifferentfromeatingonEarth?Spacesuits?Check!Oxygen?Check!Water?Check!Areweforgettingsomething?Food!Ifyousendastronautsintospace,youhavetosendalongfoodaswell.Butwhatdoastronautseat,andhowdotheyeatit?16．First,andpossiblymostimportant,isnutrition(营养).Maintainingtheastronauts'physicalhealthisatoptaskforanyspacemission.Providingjunkfoodstoeat,suchaspotatochips,sodas,andpizza,wouldmaketheastronautsfeelunhealthy.17．Ifthefoodthathasbeenprovidedisdistasteful,thentheastronautsmayavoideatingit.Ifyou'veevertriedtoconcentrateonsomethingimportantwhileyourstomachdoesn'tfeelwell,you'llknowwhythescientistsinchargeofaspacemissionwanttheirastronautstoeatregularly.Thelackofgravityinaspacecraftalsodetermineswhatfoodscanorcannotbeeateninspace.Mealsmustbepackagedcarefullysotheywon'tspillintothecabin.Liquidsortinybitsoffoodcouldgetinsideamachineorelectronicdeviceanddamageit.__18．Alooseknifebouncing(弹起)aroundinsidethecabinwouldbedangerous.19．Theweightofeveryobjectincludedinaspacecraftmustbecalculatedinordertoensurethatthereisenoughfuelandpowertocarrythecraftsafelyintospaceandhomeagain.20．Mostfoodsarestoredinplasticbags,andoften,thefoodsaredehydrated(脱水).Whenanastronautisreadytoeat,hotwaterisaddedtorehydratethemealandwarmitup.Despitealltheserequirements,muchofthefoodeateninspaceisactuallysimilartowhatyoumighteatonanygivenday.A.Varietyandtastearealsoimportant.B.Finally,weightisanimportantconcern.C.Foodpackagingismadetobeaslightaspossible.D.Believeitornot,theyalsohavefreshfruitsandvegetables.E.Nutritionandpracticalityareimportantthingstoconsider.F.Forthesamereasonsharputensilsareneverusedonboard.G.Scientiststakeseveralfactorsintoconsiderationastheyplanmealsforspace.三、完形填空：（共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的21-35各题所给的四个选项（A,B,C,D）中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。DerlinNewey,an89-year-oldpizzadeliverydriverwasindisbeliefwhentheValdezfamilyvisitedhim.ThelocalTVstationwasthereto21．themoment."Idon'tknowwhattosay,"saidNeweyashe22．tearsofjoy.Neweydelivers23．forPapaJohn,about30hoursaweek.Hesaidhecouldn'tlivelonelyonsocialsecurity.24．beingadeliverydriver,NeweyisalsoarisingTikTokstarthankstosomeloyal25．inspiredbyhiskindness.TheValdezfamilyalwaysaskforhimwhen26．pizzaandstartedrecordinghisdeliveriesasTikTokvideosontheirchannel@vendingheads."It'sunbelievable.Everybody27．him,"saidCarlosValdez.Thefamilyclaimshissignaturephrasewitheach28．is,"Hello,areyoulookingforsomepizza?"Withmorethan53,000followers,theyoftengotcommentsaskingwhyNeweywasdeliveringpizzasathis29．.Thefamilydecidedtousetheirplatformforsomegood.Theyaskedtheirfollowerstomakea30．tohelpNewey,andtheywerequicklyabletoraise$12,000.Theypresentedasignedchecktohimasfromhis"TikTokFamily."Neweydidn'tevenknowwhatTikTokwas,butwas31．fortheunexpectedblessing.TheValdezfamilysaidthatthe32．couldn'thavegoneanybetter."Wejustneedtotreatpeoplewith33．andrespectthewayhedoes.He34．ourheart,"saidValdez.Andifthecashwasn't35．,thefamilysweetenedthesurprisewithaT-shirtthatread,"Hello,areyoulookingforsomepizza?"21．A．witness B．interview C．meet D．call22．A．cleanedup B．movedoff C．heldback D．wipedup23．A．fruit B．pizzas C．meals D．water24．A．However B．Besides C．Therefore D．Instead25．A．people B．teenagers C．customers D．parents26．A．ordering B．picking C．selecting D．eating27．A．hates B．dislikes C．loves D．recognizes28．A．lunch B．assignment C．job D．delivery29．A．number B．house C．time D．age30．A．donation B．part C．list D．meeting31．A．useful B．grateful C．hopeful D．helpful32．A．surprise B．information C．news D．article33．A．eagerness B．sadness C．kindness D．happiness34．A．drove B．struck C．stole D．lent35．A．missed B．gone C．real D．enough四、语法填空：（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Whilethousandsofcollegestudentsheadedforwarmclimatetoenjoysunandfunduringtheirweekofffromclasses,sevenlocalstudentshadotherplans.TheNorthernEssexCommunityCollege(NECC)studentsandoneoftheirteachersspentpartoftheirspringbreakinNewYorkCity,helpingrepairanarea36．(destroy)bythehurricane."Iwantedtoseeformyselfwhathappened,"saidTerry."Icouldn'timagine37．itisliketoloseyourhomeandeverythingthatyouknowandthe38．(power)effectthehurricanehadonthosepeople.Iwantedtodosomething,tounderstandtheirfeelingofhelplessness."ThegroupheadedintoBrooklyn'sRedHookdistrict,whichwashithardbythehurricane.Theretheymetpeoplefromotherpartsofthecountry,39．hadalsovolunteeredtohelp.Together,thosevolunteersandtheNECCstudents40．(work)toclearrubbishoutofathree-storybuilding.Theyputonprotectivesuitsandgloves41．theyenteredthebuilding.Insidethebuilding,thestudentssawnothingbutbrokenwallsanddoorsandpiecesofthebuilding42．(lie)allovertheplace.Thestudentsreturnedtoschoolwithasenseof43．(achieve),afeelingof44．(they)helpingpeopleinneed.Iwasremarkablehowacommunitylostsomuchandwasstillabletorecover,andthisleftthedeepestimpression45．thestudents.五、根据句子的意思和括号的中文意思，写出下列的单词。46．Asaseniorhighschoolstudents,youmusttake(努力)toimproveyourcommunicationandproblem-solvingskills.47．Mostpeopledon'trealizethattheyare(呼吸)pollutedair.48．Shewas(营救)fromtheburningbuilding.49．Twoplayersareoutofteambecauseofsevere(受伤).50．PractisingChineseKongfucanbuildupone's(力量).51．Thelecturedrewalarge(听众).52．Televisionsets,stereossystem,air-conditionerandpetscanallbe(源头)ofnoisepollution.53．Wearingsunglasses,thefilmstarcangoshoppingwithout(辨别).54．Accordingtothereport,(经济的)growthhasshowedalittle.55．We(谈论)foranhourontheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftheplan.56．Thenovelishighly(推荐).57．Thetripis(安排)tostartonDecember21inNewYorkCity.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)58．(受惊的)childrenwerecallingfortheirmothers.59．Thereisa(尴尬的)silenceafterhisspeech.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)60．Thechildrenhavegoneexploringinthe(森林).六、选词填空（共15个空，每空1分，共15分）根据句意，选择适当的短语填空，每空只填一个单词，注意备选短语里多余的短语。leave…alone,makeanimpression,makesense,beresponsiblefor,beaddictedto,takecontrolof,applyfor,makeadifference,fallapart,inruins,inshock,focuson,lookforwardto,besuitablefor,otherthan,comealong61．Youhavetoplaybetterthanthatifyoureallywantto.62．Youshouldstopwhomtoblameandstarttoimprovethesituation.63．Headmitsthatrecentlyhehasplayingonlinegames.64．IamwritingtothepostofvolunteerforourschoolEnglishassociation.65．Hannahisoneofthemanyexamplesofyoungpeoplewhoareintheworld.66．Yearsoffightinghasleftthearea.七、书面表达（共1题，20分满分）67．假如你是李华，最近你的英国笔友Jane担忧自己的身体状况，来信询问如何保持健康。请你结合自己的健身经历和以下的建议要点，给她写一封信。1）合理健康的饮食2）适当的锻炼3）保证持健康的心态注意：1）词数120左右；2）可适当增添细节，使行文连贯；3）开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。DearJane,Iamgladtoreceiveyourletter.……Yours,HiHua

答案解析部分【答案】1．A2．A3．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了多伦多四处旅游景点。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。1．考查细节理解。根据Toronto'sCNTower部分中的"Inthetower's360Restaurant,dinerssitonafloorthatperformsafullcycleevery72minutes,guaranteeingdifferentviewsofthecitywitheachbiteofmeal.”在塔楼的360餐厅，用餐者坐在每72分钟完成一个完整的循环的楼层上，保证每一口饭都能看到不同的城市景观。可知，在Toronto'sCNTower用餐时可以鸟瞰多伦多。故选A。2．考查推理判断。根据Toronto'sCNTower部分中的"It'soneoftheworld'stalleststructuresat1,815feetandtheglassed-inelevatorsoffervisitorsasenseofjusthowhighthatis.”它是世界上最高的建筑物之一，高1815英尺，玻璃电梯让游客感受到它有多高；TheFairmontRoyalYorkHotel部分中的"ItisoneofToronto'soldestandmoststoriedhotels.Sinceopeningin1929,it'sstoodasoneofthelargesthotelsintheBritishCommonwealthwith1,600rooms.”它是多伦多最古老、最有名的酒店之一。自1929年开业以来，它一直是中东英联邦最大的酒店之一，拥有1600间客房；TheTorontoIslands部分中的"NorthAmerica'slargesturbancar-freecommunityoffersplentyofgreenspaceandbeachesforvisitorsofallages.”北美最大的城市无车社区为所有年龄的游客提供了大量的绿色空间和海滩；以及St.LawrenceMarket部分中的"Votedtheworld'sbestfoodmarketin2012,theSt.LawrenceMarketcomplexconsistsoftwobuildings.”St.LawrenceMarket被评为2012年世界上最好的食品市场，由两栋建筑组成。可推知，这四处景点，都非常有名。故选A。3．考查推理判断。通读全文，本文介绍了四个多伦多的景点，由此推测，文章可能出自旅游指南。故选B。【答案】4．D5．B6．C7．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了失去一只眼睛的男孩的一句"我是海盗"改变了史密斯太太因失去一只腿而无法接受这个事实的生活态度。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。4．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Shefeltsurprisedathowunaffectedheseemedtobebythelossofaneye"她对他失去一只眼睛似乎没有受到影响感到惊讶；以及第二段中的"Heconsideredherquestionforalongmoment,thenreplied,‘I'mapirate（海盗）!'"考虑了很久她的问题，然后回答："我是海盗！"可判断出，小男孩很乐观。故选D。5．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"butemotionally，shejustcouldn'tovercomethisobstacle．"但在情感上，她无法克服这个障碍。可知，她无法接受失去一条腿的事实。故选B。6．考查句义猜测。根据前两段可知，尽管男孩只有一只眼睛，但是男孩很乐观，说自己是海盗；第三段中的"butemotionally，shejustcouldn'tovercomethisobstacle．Herdoctorhadsuggestedimagination,butshehadbeenunabletoimaginesuchanemotionallyunacceptable,lastingimage."但在情感上，她就是无法克服这个障碍。她的医生建议她想象，但她无法想象这样一个在情感上无法接受的、持久的形象；第四段中的"ShesawherselfdressedasLongJohnSilver，standingaboardapirateship．"她看见自己打扮成高个子约翰·西尔弗站在一艘海盗船上；以及最后一段中的"Thensherepliedwithasmile，‘Nothing．I'mapirate，too.'"“没什么。我是一个海盗”可推知，"海盗"这个词改变了密斯太太，这个男孩说的话极大地影响了史密斯太太的生活态度。故选C。7．考查推理判断。根据前两段可知，尽管男孩只有一只眼睛，但是男孩很乐观，说自己是海盗；第三段中的"butemotionally，shejustcouldn'tovercomethisobstacle．Herdoctorhadsuggestedimagination,butshehadbeenunabletoimaginesuchanemotionallyunacceptable,lastingimage."但在情感上，她就是无法克服这个障碍。她的医生建议她想象，但她无法想象这样一个在情感上无法接受的、持久的形象；第四段中的"ShesawherselfdressedasLongJohnSilver，standingaboardapirateship．"她看见自己打扮成高个子约翰·西尔弗站在一艘海盗船上；以及最后一段中的"Thensherepliedwithasmile，‘Nothing．I'mapirate，too.'"没什么。我是一个海盗。可知这个男孩说的话极大地影响了史密斯太太的生活态度，可判断出，我们看待事物不是根据事物的本身来看它,而是根据我们的看法。故选C。【答案】8．C9．A10．B11．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过实验阐述了绿茶对人体的好处，具体表现在缓解焦虑，提高认知和记忆能力和促进脑功能。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和段落大意两个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。8．考查推理判断。根据第二段"EvenintheUnitedStates,alongcoffee-dominatedcountry,teadrinkingisgrowinginpopularity,withthecountryconsuming0.4kilograms(14ounces)oftealeavesperpersonayearcomparedwith0.36kilograms(12.7ounces)in2007accordingtotheUnitedNations,aspeopleswitchawayfromsoda,milkandfruitdrinks.”即使在美国这个长期以咖啡为主的国家，喝茶也越来越受欢迎，根据联合国的数据，美国每人每年消费0.4公斤（14盎司）茶叶，而2007年为0.36公斤（12.7盎司），因为人们不再喝苏打水、牛奶和水果饮料。可推知，作者通过对比美国人在不同时期的饮茶量，介绍了美国人在饮料选择上的趋势。故选C。9．考查段落大意。根据第三段"Scientistsarebeginningtolookintojusthowteamightaffectmoodandcognition.Specifically,they'reinvestigatingwhetheritsrelaxingandrefreshingeffectsareadirectbiologicaloutcomeofthecompoundsinteaorwhethertheycomefromthecontextinwhichthedrinkisconsumed—preparingyourtea,choosingyourfavoritecupandsittingdownforabriefbreakfromtheworld.Orboth.”科学家们开始研究茶是如何影响情绪和认知的。具体来说，他们正在调查茶的放松和提神效果是茶中化合物的直接生物结果，还是来自喝茶的环境——准备茶，选择你最喜欢的杯子，坐下来休息片刻，远离外面的世界。或两者兼而有之。可知，第三段主要讲了科学家正在研究为什么茶能使人放松和提神。故选A。10．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的"Anda2017reviewofmorethan100studieshecoauthoredfoundthatgreenteacanimpactthebraininthreeways:Itcaninfluencepsychopathologicalstatesuchasreducinganxiety;cognitionbybenefitingmemoryandattention;andbrainfunction,specificallymemory.”2017年，一项对他参与撰写的100多项研究的综述发现，绿茶可以通过三种方式影响大脑：它可以影响精神病理状态，如减少焦虑；认知有利于记忆和注意；大脑的功能，特别是记忆。可推知，Stefan教授研究发现，绿茶对记忆的帮助特别大。故选B。11．考查推理判断。根据最后一段"However,Borgward,cautionedthattheeffectsaren'tlarge,andtheevidenceismainlyprovidedbysmall-scalestudies.”然而，Borgward警告说，影响并不大，证据主要是由小规模研究提供的。可推知，研究人员提醒这只是小规模的研究，表现出非常客观的态度。故选D。【答案】12．A13．D14．B15．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍英国一些鸟类的数量的减少的主要原因是受到环境改变和现代农业的影响。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。12．考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的"Earlierspringsthatconfusemigrantbirds,moreefficientfarmingandthetransformationofruinedbuildings(goodfornesting)intomodernhomeshaveallcontributedtothesewoes."更早的春季使候鸟感到困惑，更高效的农业耕作，以及将废弃的建筑物(有利于筑巢)改造成现代住宅，这些都是造成这些灾难的原因；以及"Earliersprings"，"moreefficientfarming"和"thetransformationofruinedbuildings"可推知，是由于"早春"，"高效农业"以及"废旧建筑"的改造导致了鸟类数量的减少，由此可推断划线单词"woes""意为"悲剧"。故选A。13．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"Modernfarmingtechniquesallowgraintobeplantedintheautumnratherthanthespring;thathelpswoodpigeonsfeedinwinter.Warmerwintersmeanriversandpondsarelesslikelytofreeze,providingthelittleegretswithfood.JamesPearce-HigginsoftheBTOsaysthatblackcapsbenefitparticularlyfromtheincreasingpopularityofberrybushesinpeople'sgardens."现代农业技术允许在秋天而不是春天种植谷物；这有助于斑鸠在冬天进食。暖冬意味着河流和池塘不太可能结冰，为小白鹭提供了食物。BTO的詹姆斯·皮尔斯·希金斯说，黑顶林莺特别受益于人们花园中越来越流行的浆果灌木。可推知，由于现代农业技术的进步、环境因素（暖冬使河流和池塘不结冰）及空中花园使鸟类受益，使得部分鸟类数量增加，未提到废弃房屋的重建，故选D。14．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"Andmigrantbirdsthatextendtheirvisitsmayprovidecompetitionforsomebirdnatives."迁徙鸟类延长它们的停留时间，可能会为一些本地的鸟类带来竞争。可推知，要让迁徙的鸟延长它们的停留时间，就会和本地的鸟造成威胁。故选B。15．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Housesparrownumbershavefallenfromanestimated30mto10msince1966.Curlews（杓鹬）havebecomeararesight,theirnumberssharplydecliningby50%in15years.Cuckoos（布谷鸟），once-frequentvisitorsfromAfrica,havedecreasedby63%inthesouth-eastinthepasttwodecades."自1966年以来，家雀的数量从估计的3000万只下降到1000万只。杓鹬已经成为一种罕见的景象，它们的数量在15年内锐减了50%。布谷鸟，曾经是非洲的常客，在过去的二十年里，东南部的数量减少了63%。可知，讲述了许多鸟类的数量都在减少；以及第二段"ButdatareleasedbytheBritishTrustforOrnithology(BTO),aresearchcharity,suggestsomearerising.Trackingbirdpopulationsbymeansofregularsurveys,thefiguresgivetheclearestpictureof49speciesacrossBritain."但是英国鸟类学基金会(BTO)，一个研究慈善机构，发布的数据表明，一些鸟类正在上升。通过定期调查跟踪鸟类数量，这些数字清晰地展示了全英国49种鸟类。可推知，根据一个研究发布的数据表明，一些鸟类的数量在增加。所以本文最可能是来自于对鸟类的研究文章。出现在杂志中。故选D。【答案】16．G；17．A；18．F；19．B；20．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，在太空吃饭和在地球吃饭有何不同？作者介绍了科学家在计划太空用餐时考虑了几个因素。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇科技类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空前"Butwhatdoastronautseat,andhowdotheyeatit?"但是宇航员吃什么，怎么吃？；以及下文的几个因素，可知，IG.Scientiststakeseveralfactorsintoconsiderationastheyplanmealsforspace."科学家在计划太空用餐时考虑了几个因素"承上启下，符合语境，故选G。17．根据空后"Ifthefoodthathasbeenprovidedisdistasteful,thentheastronautsmayavoideatingit."如果提供的食物不可口，宇航员可能会不吃它。可知，本段在说明食物种类和口味是很重要的。A.Varietyandtastearealsoimportant."食物种类和口味是很重要的"为本段的标题，故选A。18．根据空前"Liquidsortinybitsoffoodcouldgetinsideamachineorelectronicdeviceanddamageit."可知，液体或食物残渣可能会进入机器或电子设备并损坏它。F.Forthesamereasonsharputensilsareneverusedonboard.“同样的原因，锋利的器具从不在船上使用。”承接上文说明处于同样的原因，船上从不使用锋利的器具，且呼应空后Alooseknifebouncing(弹起)aroundinsidethecabinwouldbedangerous."一把松动的小刀在船舱里乱跳是很危险的"。故选F。19．根据空后"Theweightofeveryobjectincludedinaspacecraftmustbecalculatedinordertoensurethatthereisenoughfuelandpowertocarrythecraftsafelyintospaceandhomeagain."必须计算航天器中每一个物体的重量，以确保有足够的燃料和动力将航天器安全地送入太空和返回家园。可知，本段在说明另一个考虑因素是重量。B.Finally,weightisanimportantconcern."最后，重量是一个重要的问题"符合语境，故选B。20．根据空后"Mostfoodsarestoredinplasticbags,andoften,thefoodsaredehydrated(脱水)．"可知，大多数食物都储存在塑料袋里，而且通常都是脱水的。说明食物的包装食品包装做得尽可能轻。C.Foodpackagingismadetobeaslightaspossible.“食物的包装食品包装做得尽可能轻”符合语境，故选C。【答案】21．A；22．C；23．B；24．B；25．C；26．A；27．C；28．D；29．D；30．A；31．B；32．A；33．C；34．C；35．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，89岁的老人纽伊坚持不靠社区救济生活，为棒约翰送披萨养活自己。他在TikTok上走红，获得了很多人的喜爱和关心。

【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。21．句意：当地电视台见证了这一时刻。A.witness“见证”；B.int