押常州卷41-50题 语法填空（原卷版）

押常州卷41-50题语法填空题型说明①短文填空也叫综合填空，其特点是将一篇短文中的若干个词抽出后，要求考生根据短文的意思，在每个空格中填上一个词，使短文意思完整正确。②考查考生的理解能力及对词汇、语法和习惯用法等的掌握情况。是中考中一个比较难的项目。③短文的题材很多，有故事，科普小品，风土人情，人物，文化，体育等，一般以故事性题材为主，少科普性，否则会更难。考查方向正确理解和书写英语单词，常以动词（同义词区别及形式）、介词、形容词（副词）的级、名词的数、习惯搭配、连词（含引导词）等为主。命题形式①根据文意选词填空（一般设10个空，给出10或12个备选词）②根据文意和首字母提示填空；③根据上下文文意填空；④杂糅型（根据汉语、首字母、音标、语境等填空）特别提醒所有的单词都必须根据上下文来确定，首字母和汉语既是提示又是限制。必须注意词形的变化，包括名词的单复数、动词的时态、形容词和副词的比较级（最高级）等。（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。DearMillie,YouaskedmeabouttheDragonBoatFestival.Nowletmetellyousomethingaboutit.TheDragonBoatFestivalisatraditionalChinesefestivalweChinese1(celebrate)forover2,000years.It’soneofthethreemostimportantlunarfestivalsinChina,alongwiththeSpringFestivalandtheMid-AutumnFestival.TheDragonBoatFestivaltakesplaceonthe2(twenty-two)ofJunethisyear.Throughouttheyears,manystorieshavebeentoldaboutthe3(begin)ofthisfestival.Amongthem,4(famous)oneisaboutQuYuan,awell-knownscholarinancientChina.Henotonly5(write)goodpoemsbutalsogavesuggestionstotheking.6hedevotedhimselftohiscountry,thekingdidn’tlikehim.Thisgreatpersondrowned(溺水)himselfintheMiluoRiveronthe5thdayofthe5thChineselunarmonthbecausehisChuStatefelltoQinState.Localpeopletriedtosavehimorfindhisbody,buttheydidn’t7(success).QuYuanwaslaterconsideredas8nationalhero.Torememberhim,everyfifthdayofthefifthlunarmonth,peoplebeatdrumsandgoboatracingontheriverastheyoncedid9(keep)fishawayfromhisbody.DragonboatracingisoneofthemostimportantcustomsChinesepeoplepracticetocelebratetheDragonBoatFestival.Thisactivity10(hold)widelyinChina’ssouthernandsoutheasternareaswheretherearelotsofriversandlakes.Lotsoflove,Wendy（2022·江苏常州·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Museumsplayabigroleinoursociety.Theyarealso11importantclassroomforprimaryandsecondaryschoolstudents.Duringholidays,groupsofyoungmuseumguides12(see)everywhereinChangzhouMuseum.Since2011,ChangzhouMuseum13(carry)outmorethan100publictrainingactivitiesforvolunteerguides.InJuly,2021,Iwaschosen14(be)avolunteerguideinChangzhouMuseum.15itwasmyfirsttimetoservethere,Ididn’tknowwhattodo.Luckily,theteacherstheregavemanyinterestingtrainingclasses,including“PublicPlacesandManners”,“RedHistoryandRedCulture”andsoon.Iwasdeeplytouchedbythestoriesof16(pioneer)likeQuQiubaiandZhangTailei.Iwasimpressedthattheyhadrisked17(lose)theirlivestocreateanewChina.Inthefollowingmonth,Iguidedhundredsoftouristsanddidmyjob18(success).Thisexperiencehadagreatinfluence19me.Iknowmoreaboutmyhometownandthemeaningoflife.Ifeel20(pride)ofbeingavolunteerguidetohelpmorepeoplelearnaboutChangzhou.解题技巧1.通过阅读中心句快速掌握文章脉络2.划出句子中的关键词3.题干中通常会有指示性词汇4.首次阅读中不确定的位置做个记号在首次阅读的过程中如果不能确定某些单句是否与该段落相匹配，最好做个记号，以便第二次阅读时更有针对性。第二次阅读的目的：一是检查已初步确定的段落与单句是否确实匹配；二是完成第一遍阅读中尚未解答的题目。解题具体技巧技巧一：名词形式变化名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。例：Therearemanystudentslivingatschool，the(child)housesareallfarfromschool．由students一词可以判断出横线处应填复数，且作为houses的定语，所以应用其所有格形式，故答案为child的复合变化形式——复数的所有格children’s。技巧二：动词形式变化动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气)，有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。例：Atalk(give)tomorrowiswrittenbyProfessorZhang.句中的iswritten是整句的谓语，所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。从tomorrow可以看出，报告是“将来”作的，故用不定式；且报告是give动作的承受者，故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式——tobegiven。技巧三：代词形式变化代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类，即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化，如noone／none、other／another等。例：Thekingdecidedtoseethepainterby(he).由介词by可以看出，横线处应填反身代词himself。技巧四：形容词、副词比较级变化英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。构成比较级和最高级的方式，或通过加后缀一er和．est，或在词前Imore／less和most／least，且形容词的最高级还要冠以the。例：Iam(tall)thanLiuWen．Heisthetalleststudentsinmyclass．此题后句交代了LiuWen是班上最高的学生，那“我”肯定比他矮，所以不能用taller，只能用表示程度不如的“lesstall”。技巧五：数词形式变化数词的形式变化包括基数词、序数词，或加后缀一teen、ty的变化，甚至还有作分母用的序数词的单复数形式，以及one／two的特殊变化形式once／twice例：TomythreesonsIleavemyseventeenhorses．Myeldestsonshalltakeahalf，mysecondsonshalltakea(three).从上下文连续起来理解，这是一个分马的计划，大儿子分得ahalf，也就是“一半”或“二分之一”，那么二儿子应该得“三分之一”，所以要填入作分母的序数词“third”才能命中目标。技巧七：固定短语结构根据句中横线前后及整句来判断横线前后是否构成一个固定短语，但有时要对横线前或后的几个单词“视而不见”才能命中答案。例1：Thechildrenwereplayingontheground，enjoying，dirtybuthappy.从句中的happy可以猜出孩子们是开心的，所以应用enjoyoneself短语，故其答案为themselves。（2024·江苏常州·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Makingfilmswith“magic”OpenAIhasbuiltanewvideomodelcalledSora.Itisanewtoolthatcanmakeavideolikemagic!JusttellSorayourimagination,andwatchitcreate21high-qualityvideouptooneminutejustinfrontofyoureyes.Howgoodisit?VideoscreatedbySoralookgoodonbott-bigandsmalldevices(设备),suchascomputersandsmartphones.Soracanalsomakesceneswithlotsofpeopledoingdifferentthingswithcleardetails.Italsoknows22thingsshouldlookinreallife.Whyisitsogood?Soraisagoodlearner.Itlooksatmanyvideosandlearnsfromthemby23(break)themintoverysmallbits.Itusesthesebitstomakeanewvideo.Thenewvideoisgrayand24acompletemessatfirst—youcan’ttellwhat’sinit.Then,Sorafixesthevideountilitlooksgoodandsmooth.SoraalsogetshelpfromChatGPT,whichturns25(user)shotsentencesintoclearinstructions.ThishelpsSoramakethevideojustasit26(ask).Isitgoodenough?SinceSorawasannouncedinFebruary2024,OpenAI27(know)thatitisfarfromperfect.Whenmeetingcompleximages(复杂图像),itcan’tmakeeverythinglookrealbecauseitmayfindthemhard28(understand).Forexample,whenapersonmoves,thingsaroundthemchange.Inanothervideo,agrandmablowsthecandleonabirthdaycake,29theflame(火焰)doesn’tmoveatall.Soramaynotbeabletotell“left”from“right”30(correct)andmessupaperson’slegmoves.（23-24九年级下·江苏常州·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。DongYuhui,a30-year-oldlivestreaming(网络直播)hostforEastBuy(东方甄选),found31(him)inanonlinecontroversy(争议)thatbeganonDec.152023.EastBuysaidthatmanyofthethingsDongsaidinhislivestreams32(write)bytheEastBuyteam,notbyhimself.Thethen-CEO,SunDongxucriticized(批评)DongandtheteamwhichmadeDong’sfans33(become)angry.Surprisingly,thiscontroversymadeDongeven34(popular).Injustoneweek,hisfollowersincreasebyover3million,35EastBuylostmorethan2millionfollowers.Althoughheisfamousandhasmorefans,Dong36(remain)modest.“Iamnotgood-lookingortall;Idon’tknowwhyIhavesomany37(support),”hesaid.Intheageofconsumerism(消费主义),Dongdoesnottrickconsumersintobuyingunnecessaryproducts,butencouragesthem38(be)rational(理性的)whenshoppingonline.Heputsmoreeffortintoeducationalactivitiesandevents39(help)farmers.HebelievesthatpeopleshouldnotwishtobethenextDongYuhui.“Iwanttotellotheryounglivestreamersthattheydon’tneedtobeme,40eachstoryismovinginitownway.”（2024·江苏常州·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In1299,MarcoPolofirsttranslatedtheChinesecharacter“long”as“dragon”inhisbookTheTravelsofMarcoPolo.Doyouthinkthisis41goodtranslation?Beingknown42(wide)bypeople,theChinesedragonandtheWesterndragonarebothanimalsinmythology(神话).Theyaresimilarinsomeways.Forexample,theybothhavescalesandbigpaws.43theyalsohavelotsofdifferences.TheChinesedragonismadeupofpartsofsomeanimals,suchasarabbit’seyesandanox’sears.Thedragonisoftenpaintedgold.InChinesemythology,thedragoncanfly.Itcanalsospraywaterfromitsmouth44(create)rain.TheWesterndragon,ontheotherhand,hasthebodyofasnakeandthebigwingsofabat.Thedragonstandsforevilandisalwaysbeatenbyheroes.Itbreathesfireandismostlypaintedindarkcolors.Areyouin45(agree)that“dragon”matchestheculturalmeaningof“long”inChina?Idon’tthinkso.ThishastodowiththeculturaldifferencesbetweenChinaandtheWest.InChineseConfucian(儒家的)ideas,kindnessandharmonyareveryimportant.Westernculture,however,46(prefer)individualheroism.Whoeverbeatsthebaddragoniscalledahero,areal47(fight).Overtheyears,Chinesepeople48(try)totranslate“long”inotherways.Zhejiang’sLoongAir,forexample,writes“long”as“Loong”.Nomatterhow“long”49(translate),onethingisforsure:TheChinesedragonisapositiveimage.Wishyouthebestofluck50theYearoftheDragon!（23-24九年级上·江苏常州·期末）Onedayamanfoundacocoonofabutterflyintheforest.He51(sit)thereforseveralhoursandwatchedit.Suddenlyasmallbutterflyappearedandittrieditsbest52(pull)itsbodythroughthatlittlehole.Thenitseemedtostop53(make)anyprogress,sothemandecidedtohelpthebutterfly.Hecutofftheremainingbitofthecocoonsothatitcouldcomeouteasily.However,54hissurprise,thebutterflygotaheavybodyandverysmallwingswhenitcameoutofthecocoon.Hecontinuedtowatchit,becausehehopedthatitswingswouldbestrongenoughtosupportthebodyandflyupintime.55(lucky),theflightneverhappened.Infact,thebutterflykeptcrawling(爬)aroundwithaheavybodyandsmallwings56itdied.Itwasneverabletofly.Themanwassurprisedbecausehe57(notunderstand)therulesofnature.Beforethebutterflywasoutofthecocoon,fluid(液体)fromitsbodymust58(force)intoitswings.andthenitwouldbereadyforflying.Itmusthaveahardstruggle(挣扎)togetoutofthesmallopeningby59(it).Sometimesstrugglesareexactlywhatweneedinourlife.Ifwego60ourlifewithoutdifficulties,wewouldnotbeasstrongaswecouldhavebeen.Wecouldneverfly.（23-24九年级上·江苏常州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。WasfiaNazreenisamountaineerwhowasbornon27October1982.Herfutureplanistoteachyoungwomenandschoolgirlsinhercountryaboutoutdooractivities.Sheisthefirsttoplayhulahoop(呼啦圈)onthemountaintop.“61weclimbedthehighestmountaininAfrica,webroughtahulahoop!Younggirls62(notallow)todomanythingsinmycountryatthattime,andhula-hoopinginpublicwasoneofthem.Sowedecidedtotakethehulahooptothemountaintop!Itwasmywayof63(get)backmyrighttoplayoutdoors,”shesaid.Sofar,she64(climb)theSevenSummits(峰顶).Shetalksaboutgettingoverdifficulties.“Nothinggoodinlifecomes65difficultiesandalldifficultiesseemscary.Butit’salwaysbeenvaluableformetogetoverthem.Forexample,oncewemetanavalanche(雪崩)whileclimbing,sowewereforced66(return)tothecampandstartalloveragain.Wefeltveryworriedatfirst,butreachingthetopwas67(mean)thananythingelsetoallofusbecausewehadmademanyextra68(effort)”.“Youhavetogoforyourdreamsnomatterhowbigtheyareorwhereyou’refrom.Andthetopcanbereachedifyou69(notgive)up.You’llalsorealizethatenjoyinganactivity70(it)ismuchmoreimportant.Whatyouneedistobebravetogoforit!”saidWasfia.（2023·江苏常州·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。DoyouknowanythingaboutJaneAusten?SheisoneofBritain’s71(good)femalewriters.Shewasborn7216December1775.Shewastheseventhofeight73(child)andneverlivedapartfromherfamily.Tomake74(they)happyonthoselonelydays,thekidswroteandperformedplays.Evenasalittlegirl,Jane75(encourage)towrite.Asayoungwoman,Janeenjoydancing,andshewenttomanypartiesthat76(be)heldinthegreathouseoftheneighborhood.Shelikedthecolorfulcountrylifeverymuch.Attheageof14,JaneAustenwroteherfirstnovel77(success),LoveandFriendship.Inherearly78(twenty),shebegantowritehermostfamousnovels-SenseandSensibility,PrideandPrejudiceandNorthangerAbbey.79thesebookswerenotpublisheduntilmanyyearslater.NorthangerAbbeywasnotpublisheduntil1818—ayearafterherdeath.Toour80(sad),Janebecameveryillwhileshewasstillyoung.Shediedinhersister’sarmsin1817.Itisridiculous(荒缪的)thatnoneofthebookspublishedduringherlifetimehadhernameonthem—theywerealldescribedasbeingwritten“byalady”.（2023·江苏常州·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。LionelMessiwasbornon24June1987.Heisafamoussoccerplayer81ArgentinawhoplayswithFCBarcelona.Messi82(admire)inthesoccercommunityforhiswonderfuldribblingskills(运球技术)andgoalscoring.Messihadtwoolderbrotherswithwhomheplayedsoccer.Attheageofeight,MessijoinedtheNewell’sOldBoyssoccerclubinhistown.Unfortunately,threeyearslaterhewasdiagnosed(确诊)withaconditionthatstunted(抑制)his83(grow)andwasadvisedtotakethemedicine.Butthismedicinewasveryexpensive.Luckily,whenMessiwas13yearsold,hewasofferedapositionontheLaMasiateam.Thiswasana