2024-2025学年贵州安顺市普通高中高二上学期期末教学质量监测考试英语试题

2024-2025学年贵州安顺市普通高中高二上学期期末教学质量监测考试英语试题

一、阅读理解(★★)ThemiddlechildoftheBalticsisundoubtedly,ahiddengem(宝石)ofEurope.Itseemstobecomeamorepopulartraveldestinationeachyear.HereisalistofthetopplacestovisitintheBalticcountryofLatvia,butbeforewegetstarted,subscribetoourchannelandturnonnotifications.RigaItisconsideredtobetheleadingandmostpopularplacefortouristsinthiscountry.Ifyouenjoyandappreciateart,Rigaishometomultiplemuseumsandconcerthalls.Rigaisalsoknownforitswoodenbuildings,architectureandantiqueOldTown.CarsarenotallowedinOldTownsoyou’llbeabletofreelywalkthroughmanyshopsandrestaurantsKemeriNationalParkThisparkisspecialforitsgreatbiologicaldiversity.TheuniqueKemeriBog,mineralwaters,andtherapeutic(有疗效的)mudarefoundhere.Itishometomossorraisedbogs,fensandtransitionalbogs.Birdswatchersalsofindthisplacefascinating,sinceyoucanspotallsortsofbirdspecieshere.Ifyouhaveachance,trytoplanyourvisitintheearlymorningoreveningwhentheviewismostpicturesqueandyou’llbeabletotakeincredibleInstagramphotos.KuldigaItisthemostbeautifulurbantowninthecountry.It’slocatedinafantasticLatvianlandscapethatwillmakeyouthinkthattimehasstoodstillhere.ThistownisalsohometothewidestwaterfallinallofEurope.Ifyoudecidetogo,you’reinforadelightfulandgratifyinghike.LiepajaLiepajawasoncethecapitalofLatvia.Whenyougetthere,youwillsensewhy.ItisoneofthemostfascinatingplacestovisitintheBaltics.SomeofthehistoricalattractionsinLiepajaincludeantiquechurchesandremnants(残遗)ofmilitaryfortresses.MoreoverLiepajawasoneofthetopleadingnavaltownsintheformerSovietunion.Thetracedofthosetimescreateauniqueatmosphereyou’reunlikelytofindinanyotherplaceinEurope.1.Whichoneisfamousforwoodenbuildings?

A．Riga.B．KemeriNationalPark.C．Liepaja.D．Kuldiga2.WhydoesLiepajahaveauniqueatmosphere?

A．ThecapitalofLatvia.B．Thetracedoftimes.C．Theincrediblebeaches.D．Thewidestwaterfall.3.Wheredoesthepassagemostprobablycomefrom?

A．Atravelbook.B．AradioprogramC．Atextbook.D．Aposter.(★★★)OneofthebestmemoriesIhavefrommychildhoodisthetimemymotherreadtome.Whenitwascoldoutside,wesatonthecouchlateatnightwiththefireblazinginthefireplace.Ileanedagainsthershoulderandwatchedthelinesonherfacedisappearassheusedhervoicetomimicthecharactersinthebook.Itcouldhavebeenhertimetorelaxaftertakingcareofchildrenandahusbandallday,butinstead,shewouldsmilewhenIslippedoutofmybedandcometiptoeingbackintothelivingroomaftereveryoneeasewasasleep.Beingtheyoungestofillchildren,sometimes,itwaseasytogetlostinthecrowd,andIcherishedthosemoments;Icouldsitclosetoherandknowitwasjustmytime.Mymother’slineswouldmeltawayduringthosemomentsbecauseshewasn’tthinkingaboutcooking,cleaning,disciplining,orpayingthebills.WhenshereadCinderellatome,shewouldmakemefeelthetransitionfromashestorichesbecauseshewasusingherimaginationtofeelit,too.WhenIbecameabusyparentwithmychildren,Iunderstoodmymother’ssacrificedforsharingthatlate-nightstorytimewithme.But,somehow,IthinksheneededitasmuchasIdid.Yearslater,Ihadtheopportunitytovisitanelementaryschoolrecentlytoreadtothefirst-gradeclassforNationalChildren’sbookweek.Besideshelpingachilddevelopaloveforreading,itisabeautifulwaytobeclosetoyourchildrenandinstills(注入)asenseofsecuritytheyneverforget.It’swhentheparentfocusesonthechildwithoutdistractions,andachildcanfeelthat.Idid.Foramoment,wearen’tadultswithalltheanswersandrules,butsomeonelostinastorywithourchildren.Readingandlettingourimaginationtravelisnotjustforchildren,either.WhenIamatmybusiesandfeelthemoststressedinmylife,Ifindabookandletmyselfgetlostforawhile.Thedifferencebetweenreadingabook,hangingoutonyouriPad,orlounginginfrontofthetelevisiontorelaxisthatwhenyoureadabook,thestorycanbewhatyouimagineittobe,andyoucanlearnasfastorasslowasyouwantto.Ilikethat.4.Whatimpressedtheauthormost?

A．Hismotherreadtohimduringhischildhood.B．Thewarmthbesidethefireplaceinacoldnight.C．Theysatonthecouchlateatnight.D．Hemimickedthecharactersinthebook.5.Whatmadetheauthorhaveconflictingfeelings?

A．HeslippedoutofmybedandtiptoedtoMum.B．Hedideverythingwhenotherswereasleep.C．Hewasalwayslostinthecrowd.D．Hestolemum’stimetorelaxbutenjoyedit6.Whichisthebenefitofreadingtogetheraccordingtothepassage?

A．Ithelpsparentsfocusonreadingwithoutdistractions.B．Ithelpskidsformasenseofsecurity.C．Ithelpskidsperformwellinelementaryschool.D．Ithelpsadultsfindanswersandrules.7.Whatisthepassagemainlyaimedat?

A．Relievingeverydaystress.B．Promotingtheideaofparent-childreading.C．advertisingforNationalChildren’sbookweek.D．Cal!dingforkidstoreadmore,(★★★)Tardigrades(水熊虫),withnicknameslike“waterbear”maybethetoughestanimalsonEarth.Theyhaveevolvedtolivealmostanywhereandsurvivealmostanything.Sometardigradescanescapeconditionsthatwouldkillmostlivingbeings,includingextremesfarbeyondanythingfoundonEarth.Tardigradeshavebeenaroundforatleast500millionyearsorso,possiblysharingacommonancestorwitharthropods(节肢动物).Over1,000speciesareknowntoday,includingmarine,freshwater,andterrestrialtardigrades.Tardigradesareneartheedgeofvisibilityformosthumaneyes.Atypicaltardigradeisabout0.5mmlong,andeventhelargestonesarelessthan2mminlength.Perhapsthemostfamousthingabouttardigradesistheirstrangeandmysteriousdurability(抗耐性).Tardigradesarenotimmortal,buttheyhaveapowerfuladaptationthatallowsthemtosurvivefordecadesinextremeconditions.Toendureenvironmentalstress,tardigradessuspendtheirmetabolism(新陈代谢)throughaprocesscalledcryptobiosis.Theycurlupandenteradeath-likestateknownasatun.Theirmetabolismslowsto0.01%ofnormal,andtheirwatercontentdropstolessthan1%.Theysurviveinthisstatebyreplacingthewaterintheircellswithaprotectivesugarcalledtrehalose(海藻糖),whichpreservesallthecellularmachineryuntilwaterisavailableagain.Sometardigradesinatuncanhandlepressureashighas600megapascals(MPa).That’snearly6,000atmospheres,or6,000timesthepressureofEarth’satmosphereatsealevel,andit’saboutsixtimeshigherthanthepressurefoundintheplanet’sdeepestoceantrenches.Evenhalfasmuchpressure,300MPa,wouldkillmostmulticellularlifeandbacteria.Twotardigradespeciesflewintolow-EarthorbitontheFOTON-M3missionin2007,becomingthefirstanimalsknowntosurvivedirectexposuretospace.The12-daymissionprovedthatexposuretospacewasnoproblemforthem,andthelackofgravityhadlittleeffect,either.Sometardigradesevenlaideggsduringthemission.Researchhasshowntardigradescansurviveroughly1,000timesmoreradiationthanahuman.Chinesescientistshavedecodedthekeymechanismsthatmaketardigradesradiation-resistant,whichcouldshedlightonhowtomakehumanbeingsstrongeragainstradiationandhowtoincreasethestresstoleranceofhumancellsinthefuture,accordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalScienceinOctober2024.8.HowdoestheauthorintroducethefeaturesoftardigradesinParagraph2?

A．Bymakingcomparisons.B．Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.C．Byshowingexamples.D．Bylistingfigures.9.Whycantardigradespossiblysurviveinextremeconditionsaccordingtothispassage?

A．Becausetheyareimmortal.B．Becausetheycanchangeextremeconditions.C．Becausetheyslowdowntheirmetabolism.D．Becausetheycanregainlifefromdeathformanytimes.10.Whentardigradesfacepressureorspace,whatisapossiblecondition?

A．Theycan’thandlepressuremorethan500Mpa.B．Theywillbekilledbythepressureabout300Mpa.C．Theycanonlysurviveindirectexposuretospace.D．Theyarealmostnotaffectedbythelackofgravity.11.WhatisimportantforthestudyofChinesescientists?

A．Theirfindingscanbeappliedtohelphumanbeings.B．Theyfocusesonthereproductionoftardigrades.C．Theystudythedietaryhabitsoftardigrades.D．Theyprovedtardigradesradiant-resistant.(★★★)Afamoustravelwriter,pickIyer,recentlywroteofhisexperienceinthedeepsouthoftheworld.Thevisit,hesaid,“awakensyoutotheenvironmentalconcernsoftheworld,andyougohomewithimportantquestionsforyourconscience(良知)aswellasradiantmemories.”Iyerisn’talone.Thisresponseiswidespread,knownintheindustryasAntarcticambassadorship.InAntarctica,crowding,environmentalimpactandemissionsarethemostpressingissues.While100,000touristsayearistinybyglobaltourismstandards,andvisitsareconcentratedinhighlysensitiveecologicalareasforonlyafewmonthsperyear.Therearenoresidentstodisturb(otherthanlocalwildlife),becausethere’snohostcommunitytoprotestifvisitornumbersgettoohigh.Evenso,strongprotectionsareinplace.InaccordancewiththeAntarcticTreatySystem—thesetofinternationalagreementssignedbycountrieswithanAntarcticpresenceoraninterest—tourismoperatorsbasedinthosenationshavetoapplyforpermitsandfollowstrictenvironmentalregulations.Forinstance,toavoidintroducingnewspecies,touristshavetofollowrulessuchasdisinfectingtheirbootsandvacuumingtheirpocketsbeforesettingfootontheice,andkeepingasetdistancefromwildlife.AlmostallAntarcticcruiseownersbelongtotheInternationalAssociationofAntarcticaTourOperators,thepeakbodythatmanagesAntarctictourism.Forthefirsttimethisyear,operatorshavetoreporttheiroverallfuelconsumptionaspartofIAATO’seffortstomaketheindustrymoreclimate-friendly.Someoperatorsarenowusinghybridvessels(合成船舶)thatcanrunpartlyonelectricpropulsion(推进)forshortperiods,reducingcarbondioxideemissions.Ifyou’reoneofthetouristsgoingtoAntarcticathissummer,enjoytheexperience—butgowithcare.Beawarethatnotripsouthcomeswithoutenvironmentalcostandusethisknowledgetomakeclear-eyeddecisionsaboutyouractivitiesbothinAntarcticaandonceyou’resafelybackhome.12.What’sthefunctionofParagraph1?

A．Tointroducethefamouswriterpicklayer.B．ToshowhowamazingtobeAntarcticAmbassador.C．ToarousepublicinterestinAntarctictourism.D．ToshowconcernsforAntarcticenvironment.13.What’sthepossiblemeaningoftheunderlinedword“vacuuming”inParagraph4?

A．Protecting.B．Emptying.C．Staining.D．Filling.14.Whichistrueabouttheoperatorthisyearaccordingtothepassage?

A．Theyneedn’treportoverallfuelassumption.B．Theymadenoefforttobeclimate-friendly.C．HybridvesselsareagoodchoicetoreduceCO2.D．Polartravelcanbestoppedrightawaybythecompany.15.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsAntarctictourism?

A．Positive.B．Neutral.C．Negative.D．Unclear.(★★★)Itisalwaysgoodtobeinformedabouthowtodealwithpossibleemergenciesanddifficultieswhentravellingabroad.16HealthCareItalyguaranteesmedicalassistancetoanyonewhoneedsitandgoestoapublichospitalorsimilarfacility(emergencyrooms,polyclinics,doctor’surgeries).17However,werecommendtakingouttravelhealthinsurancebeforeyoudepart,tomakesureyouarecoveredforanyaccidentsandillnessesnotcoveredbytheNationalHealthService.PharmaciesPharmaciesfollownormalshopopeninghours.Inbigcities,therearesomethatareopen24/7.Onpublicholidays(e.g.,Sundays)orfornight-timeemergencies,pharmaciesareopenaccordingtoashiftsystem:18DentistsForeignnationalstemporarilyvisitingItalyarealsoentitledtobasicdentalcare.YoucansimplygotoaNationalHealthServicesurgeryor,ifnecessary,totheemergencyroom.19IfanyproblemsoccurduringyourstayinItaly,werecommendcontactingtheaccommodationfacility,restaurant,shopkeeper,etc.,torequestappropriateexplanations.Ifthisisnotenoughtodealwithyourproblems,20Bearinginmindthatitisimportanttocollectandkeepalldocumentationanddirectevidencetoproveyourcase.

A．Administrativeviolations.B．Complaintsandpoorservice.C．Inthesecases,thereisnocharge.D．youcantakeactiontoprotectyourrights.E．Youcantakeactionbymakingacollectivecomplaint.F．Hereismoregeneralinformationonassistanceservices.G．Acalendarwillletyouknowwheretofindthenearestonethatisopen.二、完形填空(★★★)Therecomesatimeforeveryfamilywhenthetablesturnandtheparenthastoanswertothechild.MinecamerecentlywhenmywifeandIstayedwithourelder_______inLosAngeles—awholeweekunderhis_______!“Dad,don’tleavethewater_______whenyoubrushyourteeth,”Nathanieladvisedonourfirstnight.Thesameadvicecamewhenwashedmyhands.Allright,I_______thisisCalifornia,wheredroughtisaconcern.ButIalsogotcaughtforpullingextrapapertowelstowipethekitchencounterandwas_______tousethedishcloth,whichdidn’tseemclean.Therewereendlessofsuchoccasions.AtfirstIwonderedhowI’draisedsuchatyrant(暴君)ThenIrememberedhowoftenI_______thegoldenruleofparentingatNathanielandhissiblingswhentheywereyoung.Ialsorememberedbeing_______atmyownfather’scommandsgrowingup,howhealways_______mycollarortoldmetomoveaglassofwaterawayfromthetoasterbecausethatmight_______afire.Butsometimesitwasa________.Hecleaneddishesafterdinner,assuminghewoulddoabetterjobthanmywifeandme.Healsosetourdailyoutingsand________droveeverywhere.Ourrolechangerevealedanothersidetomyelderboy,givingmehopeforhisfuture________ability.Wewerewalkingalongabeachourlastafternoon.Nathanielpatientlytoldmewhereto________myarthritis(关节炎)feetandhandsasoceanwavescame________Iwasterrified,butafteracouplehundredyardswemadeittoafreshsandystretch.“Youdidit!I’mreallyproud,”hesaid,________asifI’djustlearnedtorideabike.ItwasthenthatIknewforsurethatthesonalsorisestofatherhood.21.A．cousinB．sonC．nephewD．niece22.A．roofB．houseC．floorD．sky23.A．flowingB．wastingC．runningD．going24.A．figuredB．confirmedC．shoutedD．proved25.A．orderedB．scoldedC．informedD．instructed26.A．toldB．gaveC．suggestedD．threw27.A．pleasedB．understandingC．considerateD．angry28.A．adjustedB．helpedC．holdD．cleaned29.A．makeB．catchC．sparkD．set30.A．blessingB．misfortuneC．hopeD．disadvantage31.A．angrilyB．willinglyC．hesitantlyD．reluctantly32.A．workingB．parentingC．learningD．socializing33.A．protectB．dryC．placeD．hold34.A．backB．downC．awayD．close35.A．cryingB．laughingC．smilingD．murmuring三、语法填空(★★★)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.WeifangnutcarvingcanbetracedbacktotheQingDynasty.Duetotherigorouscarvingskills36(require)anditsrichartisticcontentembracingmanydifferentelements,Weifangnutcarvingwaslisted37anationalintangibleculturalheritagein2008.Tan38(study)theartofnutcarvingforthepast35yearsandhascreatedmanynutcarvingsalongtheway.YetTansaidthatunlikesoilpitslikeolivepit39haveatatsurface,eachpeachpithas40(it)ownuniquetexture,41(add)thatcraftsmenhavetostudyandtraceeachpeachpitsto42(careful)planouttheirartwork.Andcraftsmenalsoneedtohaveawide43(found)ofknowledgewhenitcomestocarvingnuts.“Inordertodepict(讲述)legendsfromancienttimes,Ineedtoreadmanybookstoenrichmyself.”ItisthiskindofdedicationwhichTanandothershavethatallowstheheritageofWeifangnutcarving44(thrive)inanerawhenmanytraditionalskillsaregraduallydisappearing.InrecentyearsWeifangnutcarvingartworkshavebeenincreasinglywelcomedbypeopleinChinathankstotheirincentivelayoutandnovel45(idea)四、书信写作(★★★)46.假定你是李华，你校将举办“中国文化走进校园”活动，你打算邀请你的留学生朋友Peter参加。请你用英语给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.活动时间和地点；2.活动内容(如中国传统书法、绘画展示、武术表演、传统音乐演奏等)；3.你最期待的一项活动并说明理由。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。DearPeter,Ihopethisemailfindsyouwell.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________YoursLiHua五、书面表达(★★★★)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Onceinaremotevillage,therelivedateenagegirl,namedMaya.Shehadadream—tobecomeanastronautandexplorethevastnessofspace.However,manydoubtedherdreambecausetheythoughtitwasunrealisticforsomeonewiththeirpoorbackground.Inthisvillage,therewasnoonedaringtohavethisdreamwhichwasbeyondthewildestdream.However,Mayawasnotdefeatedbythedoubt,shededicatedherselftoherstudies.Sheboughtmanyvolumesofbooksonastronomyfromthefarawaylibraries.Inthebeginning,herparentsjustletgoofhercrazypassion,butgraduallyhereffortsamazedthem.Withtheirsupport,sheeventriedtofindopportunitiesonlinetoattendsciencecamps,andsoughtguidancefrommentors(导师).Maya’spassionforspacegrewstrongerwitheachpassingday,fuelingherdeterminationtoovercomeanydifficultiesinherpath.AsMayaapproachedherfinalyearofhighschool,anopportunityarose—afamousscholarshipthatofferedachancetostudyastrophysics(天体物理学)a