阅读理解之说明文-2023年中考英语一轮复习（原卷版）

考点30阅读理解之说明文

由命.题趋势

”英语说明文”，顾名思义，就是一种以"说明、解释"为主要表达方式的英语文体。

它是对客观事物的性状、特点、功能和用途等作科学解说的。它既不像故事那样重在情节的

叙述和描写，也不像议论文那样，重在阐明主张和论点论据；更不像科幻作品那样富于想象

和虚构夸张。说明文是通过解说事物、阐明事理，使人们增长知识和技能。说明文是高考英

语阅读理解题中的重点内容之一。说明文具有与自己特点相适应的说明方法，因此说明文结

构复杂，专业术语多，易于拉开考生分数档次，便于高校分层次选拔人才。然而对于考生来

说说明文抽象度高，解题难度大。高考对说明文的考查多为科普知识，动植物特性、自然现

象和新产品、新工艺介绍以及人文地理、风土人情等方面的说明文，文中解释性、定义性、

说明性的句子居多。因此考生要掌握说明文的命题特点，叙述方式，以冷静的心态阅读原文,

重点突破长句结构特点和逻辑关系，以便对其做出准确的语意理解。

方法技巧

说明文阅读理解的特征

一般说来，英语说明文与其他文体一样，文章所涉及的内容不外乎以下几个方面，即

who—>what—>when—>where—>how—»why。

1.who：问的是这篇文章的主体是谁？（即所要说明和描述的人或事物）

2.what：问的是主体;故了什么事情？（即主体表现出的特性、功能和用途）

3.when和where：是在何时何地发生的？（即何时何地所表现出的特性、功能和用途）

4.how：通过什么方式表现出来的？

5.why：这种特性功能用途的原因是什么？

做说明文阅读理解题的时候，一定要记住上面的whword。边阅读，边搜记，牢记要点，

把握全文。

小跟踪训练

Passage1

SchoolsinChinaarcstudyinghowtheycanputVR（=virtualreality虚才以现实）lessonsinto

theirclassroomexperience.OnesuchlessonusesVRtoteachchildrenfiresafety.Insteadofpens

andpaper,studentswearVRheadsetsin（heclassroom.Theyarepulintoavirtualenvironment

whereafirehasbrokenout.Theymustfindtheirwayoutandescapecarefully.

AttheVRmedicalschoolunderSichuanUniversity,avirtualsystemallowsmedicalstudents

toexaminehumanbodyindifferentways.Theycanevenseparatethebodyforcloserexamination.

Studentscanpracticetheiroperationskillswithoutarealbody.

SimonLeung,vicechairmanofaVRpany,saidthepanyhasdevelopedVRclassroomsand

putersthatsendstudentstoa360degreedigitalworld.Moreover,theVRheadsetscantell

whetherchildrenarefocusedonthetaskathand,Leungsaid.

Chineseparents,however,haveadifferentopiniononVRlessons.TheyaresuspiciouscfVR

becausetheyareunsureifthetechnologywillhaveanybadeffects.Theyareworriedabouttheir

children'seyesight,too.

Besides,VRequipmentesatahighprice.AtopVRheadsetandputercouldcostupto

10,000yuan（1,475U.S.dollars）.44Weneedtodomoretolowerthecostandimprovetheuser's

experience,MsaidHuangRonghuai,professorattheSmartLearningInstituteunderBeijing

NormalUniversity,<€Butwearesurethatwewillchangethemodelofeducationinthefbture.”

1.InVRlessons,studentsneedtouse.

A.pensandpaperB.VRheadsetsC.aputerD.arealknife

2.TheVRmedicalschoolallowsstudentsto.

A.learnfiresafetyquicklyB.playgamesinavirtualenvironment

C.studyharderthanbeforeD.practiceskillswithoutarealbody

3.Theunderlinedword“susDicious“inParagraph4means.

A.怀疑的B.高兴的C.自信D.赞同的

4.What'sthemainideaofwritingthepassage?

A.TotellpeoplehowtobuildVRschools.

B.ToteachpeoplehowtouseVRheadsets.

C.lbencouragemoreandmorepeopletobuyVRHeadsets.

D.ToshowthedevelopmentofVRtechnologyineducation.

Passage!

Chinesefancyknots（中国结）,alsocalledChineseknots,arcveryimportantinChinese

culture.TheybeganasaformoftraditionalartintheTangandSongDynastiesinChina,and

becamepopularintheMingDynasty.Longago,theyfoundiheirwaytoJapanandother

SoutheastAsiancountries,andwerewellreceivedthere.Nowtheyareregardedasoneofthe

symbolsofChineseculture.

Astorthenameitself；itissurelymeaningful.TheChinesewordtbr“knot”,jie,means

“connection”.AndthepronanciationoftheChinesewordjicisveryclosetothatofji,“good

luck”.Asaresult,Chineseknotsareusedasawaytoexpresspeople'sstrongwishes

formarncHvusthingslikehappiness,loveandgoodluck.

Theknotsareusedwidelyineverydaylife.Theyeindifferentsizes.Smallonesare

connectedtojewellery（珠宝）,clothesandgiftsinordertodrawpeople'sattention,whilelarge

onesareusedtomakealivingroomorstudymorebeautiful.Whetherlargeorsmall,iheyare

namedaftertheirshapesandusages.Forexample,DoubleCoinKnotsarccalledShuangqianJic

becausetheyarcintheshapeoftwoancientChinesecoins,meaning“goodthingscinpair.”

Besides,Chineseknotsarcfamousfortheirbrightcolors.Differentcolorshavedifferent

traditionalculturalmeanings.Redmeansgoodluckandhappiness,greenmeanshealth,and

yellowmeanswealth.

Allinall,thefamousChinesefancyknotsfullyshowtheChineseculture.Thesebrightly

coloredknotswiththeirendlesschainsofknotsmeanthatlifeonearthwillcontinueforever.

5.Whatdidthewriterwanttoexpressinthispassage?

A.AskpeopletobuyChinesefancyknots.

B.IntroduceatraditionalChineseartform.

C.TeachpeoplehowtomakeaChineseknot.

D.DescribetheusagesofChinesefancyknots.

6.DoubleCoinKnotsarecalledShuangqianJiebecauseofits..

A.pronunciationB.sizeC.shapeandmeaningD.color

7.Theunderlinedword“marvellous“inthepassagemeans"

A.goodB.monC.specialD.interesting

8.Whichisrightaccordingtothepassage?

A.TheChinesewordfor“knot”means“luck”.

B.ChineseknotsbecamepopularintheSongDynasty.

C.AlloftheChineseknotshavethesamesizesandcolors.

D.Chineseknotsmeanthatlifeonearthwillcontinueforever.

Passage3

Doyouknowthetwolovelymascots（吉祥物）?Youmayknowthefive“Fuwa”dollsfrom

the2008BeijingOlympicGames.OnSeptember17,2019,thetwolovelymascotsfirstshowedon

TV.Now,let'sseewhotheyare.

Lookatthepanda!Itlookslikeanastronaut.Itwearsaniceshellandlooksfat,sowecallit

“BingDwenDwen^^.Whiteisthecolouroficeandsnow.“BingDwenDwen''likesicesportsvery

muchandisgoodatthem.That'swhyitisthemascotof2022BeijingWinterOlympicGames.

Theredheartshapeinitslefthandmeansweling（hefriendsfromothercountries.

Doyouthinktheredmascotlookslikealantern?Thelantern'snameis“ShueyRhonRhon”.

Qingtuanhasmanydifferenttastesinsideit,suchasapplesandbeanmilk,tomeet

customers'tastes.Thedifferenceofthetasteshowsthatit'sgettingmoreandmorepopularacross

thewholecountry.

Eventhoughthereiswarmweatherandgreenleavesinspring,theseasonwouldn'tbeplete

withoutatasteofc/ingtuan.

13.Tomb-SweepingDayisin.

A.springB.summerC.autumnD.winter

14.Yourmouthwaterswhenseeingqingtuanbecauseofthe.

A.stickyriceB.greencolorC.redbeanpasteD.mugwortleaves

15.Theunderlinedword“cherish“inthethirdparagraphprobablymeans.

A.遗忘B.怀念C.祈求D.清除

16.WccanknowfromthepassagethatLiYuan.

A.lovesnoplaceB.sellsqingtuanC.works:nBeijingD.worksasacook

Passage5

Manypaniestodayholdmeetingstodiscusstheirnewplans.Aspeoplearepayingmore

attentiontotheenvironmentalproblems,morepaniesarclookingforwaystoreducetheirbad

influenceontheenvironment.ManyofthemachievethisbyusingtheWebmeeting.

TheWebmeetingisatechnologythatallowspeopletomunicatebetterovertheInternet.It's

aneasywayofhostingandattendingameeting.Participants（参与者）don'thavetoleavethe

office.Eachofthemwillreceiveaninvitationwiththemeetingtimeanddateonit.Whenthe

meetingisreadytobegin,theymustsitbeforetheirputers.

WiththeWebmeeting,allparticipantscanattendthemeetingattheirowndesks.Theydon't

needtodriveacartotraveltoandfromthemeeting.Asaresult,nofuel（燃料）isusedandless

timeistakenupinattendingaWebmeeting.

Materials（材料）forthemeetingarcsimplyemailedtoalltheparticipantsbeforeitbegins.

Thenparticipantscanjustreadthemonthescreen.Forthepany,thisnotonlysavestheuseof

paperbutalsogreatlyreducesthemailingcost.

Inaword,aWebmeetingisacheaper,greener,andfriendlierwayofhostingandattendinga

meeting,paniesthatholdWebmeetingsarewillingtoworkhardforabetterenvironment.Sothey

canfindtheirworkingpartnerswhohavethesamegreenideasinashorttime.Inreturn,they

developgoodrelationshipswithotherpaniesandimprove（hsirbusiness.

17.WhatshouldtheparticipantsdowhentheWebmeetingisreadytobegin?

A.Theyshouldsitbeforetheirputers.B.Theyshouldleavetheoffice.

C.Theyshouldcalleachother.D.Theyshoulddrivetheircarstothemeeting.

18.WhichisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.YoucanattendaWebmeetinginyouroffice.

B.Theparticipantscan'treadthematerialsonthescreen.

C.TheWebmeetingcansaveuslotsoftime.

D.AWebmeetingcansavefuel.

19.Accordingtothepassage,aWebmeetingcanbe.

A.fasterB.moreexpensiveC.moreboringD.greener

20.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.TheTroubleofWebMeetingsB.TheIdeasaboutWebMeetings

C.TheadvantagesofWebMeetingsD.ParticipantsofWebMeetings

Passage6

Noonecanchangetheweather.Butifwcunderstandthesignsaroundus,wccantellthe

changesinweather.Thiswayoftellingwhat（heweatherwillbelikeon（hefollowingdaysis

calledweatherforecasting（预测）.

Formanycenturiesandinallcountries,peoplehavestudiediheweatherandtriedtomake

weatherforecasting.Forexample,ringsaroundthesunareasignofingrain.Andwetweather

oftenmakespeoplefeeltheirjoints（关节）hurt.Somebirdsflyhighiffineweatherising,binthey

flynearthegroundifrainyweatherisontheway.Ifyouseearainbow（彩虹）duringrainy

weather,thisisasignthattheweatherwillbccclearandfine.Suchrainbowscintheevening.

Ifthestarslookbrightandclearatnight,thenfineweatherwillcontinue.Ifabigfogappears

inthemorningjustaboveariver,thenthedaywillbewarm.Ifthesunset（落日）isredincolor,

（henthefollowingdaywillbefine.Ifarainbowappearsin（hemorning,rainyweatherwill

probablye.Ifyouknowhowtoreadthesesignsintherightway,youwillbeeagoodweather

reporter!

21.TheChinesemeaningofthephrase“ontheway“inthepassageisprobably.

A.离开B.消失C.到来D.变化

22.Whenthestarsarebrightandclearatnight,theweatherwillbe.

A.windyB.rainyC.snowyD.fine

23.Theweatherwillberainywhen.

A.arainbowappearsinthemorningB.somebirdsflyhighinthesky

C.abigfogappearsinthemorningD.thesunsetisredincolor

24.Thepurposeof（hepassageistotellus.

A.differentkindsofweatherB.howtomakeweatherforecasting

C.allanimalscanhelpusforecastweatherD.somestoriesaboutweather

Passage7

Fifteenvolunteershaveeoutadifficultsituationfromacave（洞穴）inthesouthwestof

Franceafterspending40dayswithoutclocks,phones,orsunlightforahumanisolation

experiment.Thegrouphadnonumicationwiththeoutsideworldandwasnotabletouseany

electronicdevices.

Eightmenandsevenwomenweregroupedtoliveintheeaveaspartofa$1.4million

projectcalledDeepTime,whichsetouttoexplorethelimitsofhumanabilitytograduallychange

theirbehaviourandattitudesinthenewsituation.Theexperimentendedafter40days.

Duringtheirtimeinthecave,thevolunteerssleptintentsandmadetheirownelectricitywith

abikesincetherewasnonaturallight.Theyalsogotwaterfromawell（井）146feetbelowthe

earth.Sincetherewasnosunlight,theteamhadtofollowtheirbiologicalclockstoknowwhento

sleep,cat,ordodailytasks.Tonoone'ssurprise,theyquicklylosttheirsenseoftime.

Oneofthevolunteerssaidhethoughthehadbeenundergroundfor23days.Another

volunteersaidheranlOkilometercirclesinthecavetostayfit.Andhecouldn'twaittoleavethe

cave.Butothervolunteersfeltdifferently,withtwothirdssayingtheywantedtostayinthecave

forlonger.Someeventhoughtitwasasiftheycouldpresspauseandstoptolive.

Duringtheirtimeinthecave,scientistscarefullywatchedandcheckedthevolunteers

includingtheirsleepingpatterns,socialactivitiesandcognitivefunctions（认知功能）.The

experimentwillhelpscientistsunderstandhowhumanbrainscanhelppeopleadapt（适应）to

seriouslivingconditionsinnewsituations.

根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

25.Inparagraph1,theunderlinedword“isolation“probablymeans.

A.生存B.极限C.脑功能D.隔绝

26.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingsentencesisNOTtrue?

A.Eightmenandsevenwomenwereinvolvedintheexperiment.

B.TheprojectcostS1.4million.

C.Theprojectwasallabouthumanisolationexperiment.

D.Theexperimentlastedfor40days.

27.Astimewentby,thegroupaseveryoneexpected.

A.didn'tknowhowtomakeelectricityB.losttheirsenseoftime

C.knewhowtogetwaterD.forgotwhentosleep

28.Mostvolunteerswanttostayinthecaveforlongerbecause.

A.itseemedlifewasslowingdownforthemB.theycculdkeepfit

C.theywereproudoflivingundergroundD.theylivedahappylifetogetherthere

29.Thepurposeoftheexperimentistoinnewanddifficultsituations.

A.studyhumansleepingpatternsB.workouthumansocialactivities

C.researchhowhumanbrainsworkD.examinehumancognitivefunctions

Passage8

Howdoyoufeciwhenyourteacherasksyoutoworkonagroupprojectwithotherstudents?

Doyouliketoworktogetherwithothersorworkalone?

TheProgrammeforInlemationalStudentAssessment,orPISA,carriedoutasurveyof

students'abilitytoworktogetheringroups.Theyfoundthatstudentswhodowellontestsby

themselvesarealsolikelytobebetteratworkingwithotherpeople.Thisfindingwastruefor

manycountries.StudentsinJapan,SouthKorea,FinlandandCanada,wheretestscoresarehigh,

alsodidwellinworkingtogethertosolveproblems.Butthisisnotthecaseforeverycountry.

Chinesestudents,whotend（倾向于）tohavehighscoresaswell,displayedjustaverage

cullaburaiive（合作的）skills.

“OnereasonmightbethatChineseparentsandteachersfbcustoomuchongrades,“said

ZhaoZhongxin,lormervicepresidentoftheChineseFamilyEducationAssociation.4iStudents

havealotofexampressureandtheyviewschoolasaplaceforpetition.”“However,collaborative

skillsareveryimportantfbrpreparingstudentsfortoday'ssociety/'headded.Luckily,more

Chineseparentsandteachersarerealizingtheimportanceofthisandarcthinkingofwaystohelp

studentsimprovetheseskills.

AnotherinterestingfindingfromthePISAsurveywasthatgirlstendtobebetterthanboysat

workingtogether.Theysaidgirlsshowmorepositiveattitudestowardsrelationships,whichmeans

theyarcmorewillingtolistentoothers'opinions.

PISAalsofoundthattheclassroomenvironmenttendstoinfluencehowwellstudents

collaborate.Inclasseswheretherearcalotofactivitiesthatrequiremunication,suchasclass

debates,studentstendtohavebetterattitudestowardcollaborating.

30.Inwhichcountryshouldthestudentsimprovetheircollaborativeskills?

A.China.B.SouthKorea.C.Canada.D.Finland.

31.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtoParagraph3?

A.Chineseparentsandteachersdon'tcareaboutgrades.

B.Chinesestudentshavelittleexampressure.

C.CollaborativeskillsarcnotimportantinChina'ssociety.

D.Chineseparentshopetohelpstudentsimprove（heircollaborativeskills.

32.WhatcanwelearnfromthePISAsurveyinthepassage?

A.Studentswithgoodgradesarclikelytobeworseatworkingingroups

B.Boystendtobebetterthangirlsatworkingtogether.

C.Theclassroomenvironmenttendstoinfluencehowwellstudentscollaborate.

D.Chinesestudentsarethebestatworkingwithothers.

33.Whatisthemainideaof（hispassage?

A.StudentsinCanadashouldimprovetheircollaborativeskills.

B.ThePISAcarriedoutasurveyandgotinterestingfindings.

C.Boysshouldimprovetheircollaborativeskills.

D.Teachersshouldimprovetheclassroomenvironment.

Passage9

Isthereawaytoquicklyrecall（I可忆）informalionjustbeforetakinganexam?Walking

hackwardsmightbeasolution.ScientistsfromtheUniversityofRoehamptonsaythisactivitycan

helppeopleimprovetheirshorttermmemory.

Researchersasked114volunteerstowatchavideo.Afterwatchingthevideo,theywere

dividedintothreegroups.Onegroupwastoldtowalk10metersforwards.Thesecondgroup

walked10metersbackwards.Thethirdgroupstoodinoneplace.Allthreegroupswerethenasked

20questionsaboutwhattheysawinthevideo.Researchersfoundthatthebackwardwalkinggroup

gottwomoreanswerscorrectonaveragethan（heothertwogroups.

Walkingbackwardsisnotjustgoodforshorttermmemory,paredtowalkingforwards,

walkingbackwardsusesmereenergyandburnsmorecalorics（卡路里），whichcanhelpus

improveourphysicalhealth,saysNewsScientist.Inaddition,accordingtoresearchersfromthe

UniversityofOregon,walkingbackwardscanalsokeepourspines（脊柱）strong,whichcanhelp

reducepainintheback.

34.“Thisactivity^^inParagraph1refersto.

A.recallinginformationB.takinganexam

C.walkingbackwardsD.improvingmemory

35.Paragraph2iswrittenlo.

A.introduceaneffectivewayofwalking

B.listadvantagesofwalkingbackwards

C.describehowresearchersdidtheexperiment

D.showwhocananswermorequestionscorrectly

36.AccordingtoNewsScientist,walkingbackwardshelpspeople.

A.improveshorttermmemoryB.burnmorecalories

C.keepspinesstrongD.reducepainintheback

Passage10

Ifyoulookatthetopofyourphone,you'llusuallyseeasmallsymbolthatshows3Gor4G.

The"G"meansthe“generation“ofyourmobilenetwork.Buttheywillbeehistoryafterthe5G

networkfullyarrives.

Inrecentyears,Chinanakesgreatachievementsin5G.Nowit'smakingeftbrtstopopularize

thebusinessuseof5G.ShanghaiisthefirstcityinChinatostarttestingthe5Gnetwork.On

March30,2019,WuQing,oneoftheleadersofShanghai,iradethefirst5Gvideocallwith

HuaweiMateSmartphone.

5Gallowspeopletodownloadanduploaddatafasterthaneverbefore.Itis100timesfaster

thanthe4Gnetwork.But5Gdoesn'tjustbringfastermobileInternet.Peoplecanuseitformany

otherthingsaswell.Forexample,5Gcanmakeselfdrivingcarssafer.Today'ssclfclrivingcars

haveoneproblem—timelag.Whenasclfclrivingcar“sees”anobstacle（障碍物），itsendsthe

informationtodatacenterandreceivesinstructions.However,ittakestimetodothat.That'sthe

timelag.Withthiskindoflag,thecarmighthaveanaccidentbecauseitdoesn'treceive

instructionsintime.Butwith5G,theselfdrivingcarcanreceiveinstructionsinashortertime.

5GcanalsobeusedtopowertheInternetofThings（物联网）.Thisreferstoalargeonline

networkthatconnectsallthingsandpeople.FastInternetspeedswillbethekeytodevelopingthis

technology.Forexample,withtheInternetofThings,yoursmartfridgecouldordereggsonline

whenitnoticesthattherear?noeggsleftinside.

Thefactslistedaboveareonlypartofwhat5Gcando.Justasin（heearlydaysofthe

Internetinthe1990s,fewcouldseehowitcouldchangetheworld.Thesamewillsurelyhappen

to5GWith5G,manythingsdonotseemlikedreamstoanyone.Nowlet'sgetreadytosay

goodbyeto4Gandwelctheingof5G

37.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabout5Gaccordingtothepassage?

A.The5GnetworkcanonlymakethemobileInternetfaster.

B.ThefirstcityinChinatotestthe5GnetworkisShanghai.

C.The5GnetworkhasbeenfullyusedinChina.

D.The5Gnetworkis10timesfasterthanthe4Gnetwork.

38.Thewritertakesselfdrvingcarsasanexampleto.

A.explainhowselfdrivingcarswork

B.showhowimportantselfdrivingcarsarc

C.explainhow5G'sfastspeedcanbehelpful

D.showhowdangerous5Gisforselfdrivingcars

39.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“timelag"inParagraph3mean?

A.时间滞后B.时间隧道C.时间规划D.时间顺序

40.Fromthelastparagraph,wecanknowthat.

A.4Gisnotusedinourdailylifenow

B.thewriterisworriedabouttheingof5G

C.with5G,someofourdreamswilletrueforsureoneday

D.inthe1990s,allthepeoplebelievedthattheInternetwouldchangeourlife

在真题过关

（2022・贵州遵义・中考真题）

IntraditionalChineseperformingarts,therearcmanyclassicroles,likesheng,dan,jing,mo

andchou.Mostpeopleusuallypaylittleattentiontochou.However,itisaveryimportantpariin

traditionalChineseoperas.Thereasonisthatitjoinsbeautyanduglinesstogetherperfectly.Inthe

past,thechouperformerwasthefirstonetogetdressedandhavehismakeupdone.

Usuallytherearetwokindsofchouonthestage,wenchouandwuchou.Wenchouoftenhas

awhitedotpaintedonhisnoseandtakestherolesoffisherman,boatman,servantandsoon.The

otherkindiswuchou.Wuchouperformersoftenweartightclolhing（紧身衣）andmovequickly.

Theyaregoodatmartialarts（武术）andcanjumpseveralmetershigh.Theyusuallyexpress

themselvesinloudvoicesandplayhumorousroles,forexample,kindthieves.

Chouperformersoftenmakepeoplelaughbytheirspokenpartsandbodylanguage,instead

ofsingingskills.Whether（heylookuglyorbeautiful,whether（herolestheyplayareofficialsor

thievesonthestage,chourolesareallhumorouscharacterswhoappearinfunnyfaces.Theyuse

therolesofchoutobringoutthegoodqualitiesinpeople.Maybeitisthechairn（魅力）of

traditionalChineseoperas.

Nexttime,whenyouareenjoyingatraditionalChineseoperayoucanprobablyunderstand

thedifferentbeautybehindit.

41.TheroleofchouisimportantintraditionalChineseoperasbecause

A.mostpeopleusuallypaymuchattentiontoit

B.itjoinsbeautyanduglinesstogetherperfectly

C.itisfunnyandmakespeoplelaughandhappy

D.thechouperformerwasthefirsttogetdressed

42.WhichpictureistheroleofchouintraditionalChineseoperas?

43.Akindthiefintightclothingonthestagemaybearoleof.

A.wuchouB.wenchou

C.shengD.dan

44.Chouperformersoftenusetomakepeoplelaughonthestage.

A.dancingskillsandspokenparts

B.singingskillsandbodylanguage

C.paintingskillsandspokenparts

D.spokenpartsandbodylanguage

45.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.RolesinChineseOperasB.ChouinChineseOperas

C.StaresaboutChineseOperasD.Histon-ofChineseOperas

（2022.西藏・中考真题）

TheFuxingtrainhasstartedrunninginsouthwestChina'sTibetalongtheLhasa-Nyingchi

Ra"way（拉萨—林芝铁路）.

The435kilometerrailv/aylinksLhasaandNyingchi.ItisChina'sfirstelectrified（电气化的）

railroadonthe“RoofoftheWorld”.ItshortensthejourneybetweenLhasaandNyingchifrom

overfivehourstoabout3.5hours.

Thenewrailwaycoversanareaof226,000squarekilometers.Itgoesthrough47tunnels（隧

道）andcrosses121bridges.Thetrainhasatopspeedof16Gkilometersperhour.Itisthefas:est

trainonthehighland,butifsabitslowerthansomeotherFuxingtrainsinourcountrybecauseof

thespecialenvironment.Therailwaynotonlymakeslocalpeople'slifeeasier,butalsobrings

moretouriststothearea.

“Therailwaytripissorelaxingandfast.Thenewtrainhasbroughtourfamilymembers

closerthaneverbefore,saidateacherwholivesinNyingchi.Sheusedtodrivemorethanfive

hoursfromNyingchitoLhasatovisitherparentsduringthesummervacation.

Besidescarryingpassengers,therailwayalsoprovidesgoodchancesforfarmerstoselllocal

productstomoreplaces.It'ssuretoputnewenergyintoTibet's。（经济的）development.

46.HowmanyhoursdocsihejourneylakebetweenLhasaandNyingchibyFuxingtrain?

A.About5hours.B.About4hours.C.About3.5hours.D.About1.5hours.

47.What'sthetopspeedofFuxingtrainfromLhasatoNyingchi?

A.160kilometersperhour.B.121kilometersperhour.

C.47kilometersperhour.D.160metersperhour.

48.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“shortens”meaninChinese?

A.克扣B.下降C.缩短D.缺少

49.What'sspecialabouttheLhasa—NyingchiRailway?

A.Itcoversalargearea.

B.Itcancarrypassengers.

C.Thetraingoesthroughlotsoftunnelsandbridges.

D.It'sChina'sfirstelectrifiedrailwayonthe"RoofoftheWorld”.

50.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Therailwaytripisnotrelaxingorfast.

B.Therailwaydoesnotbringmoretouriststothearea.

C.Thetraingoesthrough121tunnelsand47bridges.

D.It'sabitslowerthansomeotherFuxingtrainsinourcountry.

（2022・四川四川・中考真题）

October16isWorldFoodDay.TheUNFoodandAgricultureOrganization（FAO）isalways

tryingtomakeeveryonein:heworldhaveenoughfoodtoeatbyprovidinghelpforthem.

However,somepeoplearestillinapoorsituation.InsomeAfricancountries,somepeoplefallill

becauseofpoordiel（饮食）andsomeevendieofhunger.Sotheircountrieshavetoborrowmoney

fromothercountriestobuyfood.

Afterreadingthis,doesitmakeyoustarttothinkmoreaboutthefoodyoueat?Doyouwaste

food?Doyouthrowfoodawaywithoutfinishingit?

Asastudent,whatcanyoudotoreduce（减少）foodwaste?Herearesomeofmyideas.

Firstly,donotordertoomuchwhileeatinginarestaurant.Ifyoucan'tcatallthefood,take

therestofithome.Secondly,thefoodyoueatmaynottastegoodsometimes