2026届江苏省如皋市某中学高三上学期一轮复习摸底考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江苏省如皋市某中学2026届高三上学期一轮复习摸底考试英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howisthemanpreparingtousethetools?A.Bylearningatwork. B.Bywatchingonlinevideos. C.Byreadingtheinstructions.【答案】B【原文】W:Doyouknowhowtousethosepowertools?Idon’twantyoutogethurt.Pleasereadtheinstructions.M:Ihavebeenwatchingvideosonthiswebsite.Don’tforget,Iusedtoworkwithaprofessional.Heshowedmeallthesetools.2.WhydidMikegotoChina?A.Tohaveabusinesstrip.B.Tomeetwithhisboss.C.Tolearnaboutteaculture.【答案】A【原文】W:John,isMikecomingforteatomorrow?M:No.He’sinChinanow.Hisbosssenthimtheretotrainsomenewemployeeslastweek.W:Oh,Itotallyforgotthat.3.Whenwillthemancleanuphisroom?A.Injusthalfanhour. B.Afterseeingthemovie. C.Beforegoingtothecinema.【答案】B【原文】W:Youalwaysthrowyourclotheseverywhere.Andyourshoesarealloverthefloor.M:Sorry.ButcanIcleanupmyroomaftercomingbackfromthecinema?Themoviewillbegininhalfanhour.W:OK.4.WhichfilmdoesMikeprefer?A.Thehorrorfilm. B.Thehistoricalfilm.C.Thesciencefictionfilm.【答案】C【原文】M:Hi,Lily.What’sondowntown?W,Hi.Mike.TheGrandTheaterhasahistoricalfilm.TheStarCinemahasasciencefictionfilm.Andthere’sahorrorfilmintheSunshineTheater.M:Let’sgototheStarCinema,Theothertwofilmssoundboring.5.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Keepplayingvideogames. B.Getmoresleep.C.Buyacomfortablebed. D.Establisharegularbedtime.【答案】D【原文】W:I’vebeenfeelingtiredlately,probablybecauseofmyirregularsleepschedule.M:I’venoticedyoustayuplateplayingvideogames.Maybetrysettingaconsistentbedtimeforbetterrest.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whydoesthegirlwantababybrother?A.Topleaseherdad.B.Toenjoybeingabigsister.C.Toraiseanimalstogetherwithhim.7.Whatdoesthegirlhopetodoatlast?A.Keepadog. B.Getacutecat. C.Lookafterherbrother.【答案】6.B7.A【原文】W:Dad,willIhaveababybrother?M:Sweetie,I’mnotsurenow.Youhavehadtwoelderbrothers.Whydoyouwantababybrother?W:Ithinkbeingabigsisterwillbesomuchfun!M:Yes,youcanshareyourfavoritetoyswithhim.Andyoucanhavefuntogether.W:Prettygood!ButIthinkIshouldkeepapetandlearntosharefirst.M:Maybewecangetananimal,likeadogoracat.W:Yeah!Thatsoundswonderful.Icansharemytoyswithacutedog!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Howwillthewomandealwiththeproblemonthefrontpage?A.Maketheletterslarger.B.Deletethepooldesign.C.Leavethepageblank.9.Onwhichpagewillthewomanaddapicture?A.Page2. B.Page4. C.Page5.10.Whatcolorwastheprintofthepricesatfirst?A.Black. B.Red. C.Blue.【答案】8.A9.C10.A【原文】M:Goodafternoon.I’mheretoreprintabrochureforourhotel.Somepagesneedrevising.W:Whatexactlyistheproblem?M:Well,someinformationisalreadyoutofdate.Therearealsoacoupleofproblemswiththedesign.Firstly,thelettersonthefrontpagearefartoosmall.So,increasethelettersby3sizes.W:OK,whatelse?M:Theinformationregardingthepoolshouldbedeletedonpage2.W:Butwecan’tjustleavethewholepageblank.M:Justfillitinwiththeintroductionofournewly-openedgym.W:Isee.M:What’salsobotheringusisthedescriptionunderthetopphotoonpage4.Youcanreplacethewordwith“reception”.W:Isthatall?M:No,thereismore.Turntopage5.You’dbetteruseapicturewiththeviewofthehotel.W:OK.M:Let’sturntothenextpage.Accordingtothecustomers,thepricesdonotstandout,sochangetheprintfromblacktoredorbluetomakeitpopout.W:Igotit.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.Whydidthewomanchoosetobeateacherasaprofession?A.Becauseofthepressurefromherfamily.B.Becauseofateacher’sencouragement.C.Becauseofthepassionforthework.12.Whatdoesthewomanthinkisthebestpartofherjob?A.Beingwithchildren.B.Winningothers’respect.C.Learningdifferentthings.13.Whatdoesthewomanwantherstudentstobe?A.Lifelonglearners. B.Creativethinkers. C.Goodcommunicators.【答案】11.C12.A13.A【原文】M:Welcometoourprogramme,MissJohnson.CongratulationsonwinningtheTeacheroftheYearaward.W:Thankyou,Peter.I’mmorethanhappytobehere.M:Whatinspiredyoutobeateacher,MissJohnson?W:Well,I’vealwayslovedtolearn,butI’veenjoyedteachingothersevenmore.It’sinthefamily.M:Couldyoutelluswhatthebestpartaboutyourjobis?W:Gettingtoknowallofthedifferentkidsandcommunicatingwiththem.Ihavealwayslovedkids.So,Iwillalwaysenjoythatpartofmyjob.M:Then,whatdoyouhopetoachievebybeingateacher?W:Mygoalistohelpmystudentsdevelopawarenessoftheirstrengths,weaknesses,andlearningneeds,andtoenablethemtolearnthroughouttheirlives.M:Thatsoundsgreat.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.Whatdidthewomandotoaffordherlongholiday?A.Shesharedthecostwithotherpeople.B.Sheearnedenoughmoneybeforetraveling.C.Sheavoidedspendingtoomuchonaccommodation.15.Wheredidthewomanbeginhertrip?A.InGreece. B.InFrance. C.InGermany.16.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthefamilyrestaurant?A.TheyhadEnglish-speakingcustomers.B.NobodyinthefamilyspokeEnglish.C.Oneofthechildrenemployedher.17.Whywasthejobperfectforthewoman?A.Itslocationwasneartheislands.B.Thefamilyhadaboatshecoulduse.C.Shedidn’tneedtoworkattheweekend.【答案】14.C15.B16.A17.C【原文】M:WehaveCarrieLewisontheshowtodaywhohasjustreturnedfromafourmonthholidayinEurope.Wheredidyoufindthemoneytogoonsuchalongholiday?W:Well,Icertainlydidn’tstayinexpensivehotels.Ioftenstayedwithfriendsinthosecities.Besides,mostplaceshavesomehotelsthatcanbecheap.Thenyoucanalwaysfindworkwhileyou’retraveling.M:Sowheredidyougothisyear?W:IstartedinFranceandthenspenttwoweeksinGermany.ButIwantedtogetGreecetoworkinarestaurant.IhadwrittentoafewplacesbeforeIlefthomeandoneofthemhadofferedmework,soIgotthereassoonaspossible.M:Anddidyougetthejob?W:Idid.ItwasalovelyfamilyrestaurantinAthensandtheywerelookingforsomeonewhocouldspeakEnglishtohelpwiththecustomers.They’vegotchildrenwhocanspeakit,buttheyweren’taroundoverthesummer,sotheyemployedme.M:Sothatpaidforyourholidaythen.W:Mostofit,yes.Itwasperfectformeastheyonlywantedmetoworkthereduringtheweek.ThatmeantIcouldvisittheislandsattheweekend.IusedtocatchtheboatonFridayevening,havetwonightsonanislandsomewhereandthengetbackonSundaynightreadyforwork.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.Howmanykidswerethereintheresearch?A.10. B.14. C.400.19.Howlongdomostkidsspendonthescreeneverydayinthisstudy?A.Lessthan3hours. B.About5hours. C.Morethan6hours.20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestintheend?A.Studentsshouldreducetheirtimeonthescreen.B.Parentsshouldn’tbuymobilephonesfortheirchildren.C.Parentsshouldcommunicatewiththeirchildrenmorefrequently.【答案】18.C19.B20.C【原文】W:Hi,itisScienceCharm.I’mRosy.Manyparentsareworriedthattheirchildrenspendtoomuchtimeonthescreen,suchaswatchingTVandplayingwiththemobilephone,whichwilldoharmtotheirmentalhealth.Butanewstudyshowstheopposite.Aprofessorofpsychologicalsciencetellsusthatifparentsturnoffthemediawhichchildrenusetoconnectwithfriendsandsearchforinformation,itwillleadtoaworseconsequence.Theprofessorandhiscolleaguedidresearchon400studentsaged10to14abouttheirscreenbehaviors.Theyfoundthatmostkidsspendabout5hoursonthescreeneveryday.Butthereisnoconnectionbetweentheamountoftimeonthescreenandmentalhealth.Instead,childrenwhosendmoretextmessageshavebettermentalhealth.Thisisasmallassociation,butitreflectsifwestayconnectedonline,wealsohavegoodconnectionsoffline.Actually,kidshavedepressionduetosomethingotherthanthetimetheyspendonline.Wearesobusywithourstudyandworkthatwehavenotimetoexchangeideas.Wehopeparentswillspendlesstimeworryingaboutmobilephonesandmoretimetalkingtoyourchildren.Itisthebestwaytohavementalhealth.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AVolunteeringisagreatoutletforself-improvementwhilehelpingothers,andwithBookmark,youcantrulymakeadifferencetothefuturesofprimaryschoolchildren.ThreeBookmarkvolunteershavesharedtheirstorieswithus.ClaireClairebeganreadingwithZachin2019.Asawriter,shewantedtoshareherloveofbookswithchildrenwhomayhavenotdiscoveredtheirs.Whenpackingupintheirfinalsession,Zachbecamehappytotryvarioustypesofbooks.Inthismoment,Clairerememberedthechildshe’dmetatthebeginningofhersessions,whodidn’tbelieveanyonewouldreadiftheycouldchoosenottoandstartedtounderstandherimpactasaBookmarkvolunteer.SallyBeforevolunteeringwithBookmark,Sallyhadneverworkedwithchildren,sobeginningthesessionswastrulyastepoutofhercomfortzone.SallyfeltarealconnectiontoBookmark’smissionandknewthechallengewouldpayoff.“Volunteeringhasmademefeelmorecontent.IfeelIammakingadifference.”AurélienAuréliensigneduptoreadwithConnoronlinein2020.Hehadbeenlookingforawayofgettingbackintovolunteeringwithchildrenashe’dfoundapastexperiencerewarding.TheflexibilityofBookmarkcaughthiseye,astheonlineprogrammefittedinwellaroundhisworkcommitments.400childrenarewaitingforavolunteertohelpthemlearntoread.SignuptobecomeaBookmarkvolunteertodayandchangeachild’sstory.21.WhatcanwelearnaboutZachbeforehestartedreadingwithClaire?A.Helackedconfidence. B.Hecouldn’taffordbooks.C.Hewasunwillingtoread. D.Hebehavedbadlyinschool.22.WhydidAurélienjoinBookmark?A.Itsuitedhisschedule. B.Hewaskeenonreading.C.Itbenefitedhiminthepast. D.Hefavoredonlinecommunication.23.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Topromotesales. B.Toadvocatereading.C.Tosharereal-lifestories. D.Toencourageparticipation.【答案】21.C22.A23.D【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三位Bookmark志愿者与我们分享了他们的志愿服务故事。【21题详析】细节理解题。由Claire中“Whenpackingupintheirfinalsession,Zachbecamehappytotryvarioustypesofbooks.Inthismoment,Clairerememberedthechildshe’dmetatthebeginningofhersessions,whodidn’tbelieveanyonewouldreadiftheycouldchoosenottoandstartedtounderstandherimpactasaBookmarkvolunteer.(在最后一节课结束时，扎克很乐意尝试各种类型的书。在这一刻，克莱尔想起了她在课程开始时遇到的那个孩子，他不相信即使可以选择不阅读，任何一个人都会阅读，并开始理解她作为Bookmark志愿者的影响)”可知，在愿意阅读的Zach开始和Claire一起阅读之前，他不相信即使可以选择不阅读，别人还是会阅读，说明Zach曾不愿意阅读。故选C项。【22题详析】细节理解题。由Aurélien中第一段“TheflexibilityofBookmarkcaughthiseye,astheonlineprogrammefittedinwellaroundhisworkcommitments.(Bookmark的灵活性引起了他的注意，因为在线程序非常适合他的工作承诺)”可知，Aurélien加入Bookmark是因为Bookmark的灵活性符合他的日程安排。故选A项。【23题详析】推理判断题。由第一段“Volunteeringisagreatoutletforself-improvementwhilehelpingothers,andwithBookmark,youcantrulymakeadifferencetothefuturesofprimaryschoolchildren.ThreeBookmarkvolunteershavesharedtheirstorieswithus.(志愿服务是自我提升和帮助他人的好途径，有了Bookmark，你可以真正改变小学生的未来。三位Bookmark志愿者与我们分享了他们的故事)”，三个Bookmark志愿者的故事和最后一段“400childrenarewaitingforavolunteertohelpthemlearntoread.SignuptobecomeaBookmarkvolunteertodayandchangeachild’sstory.(400名儿童正在等待志愿者帮助他们学习阅读。立即注册成为Bookmark志愿者，改变孩子的故事)”可知，文章通过讲述三个Bookmark志愿者的故事来鼓励更多的人参与Bookmark项目。故选D项。BIknewitwasgoingtobeabadfireworksseasonthisyearwhenIsawsomanydifferenttentssellingthemtothepublic.Iwasright.Thebangsandbooms(噼啪声)startedbeforethefirstofJanuaryandlastedwaypastthefourth.IhaveneverbeenabigfanoffireworkssinceIwasaboy.ItwasthenthatalocalfairsetoffahugeshownearourhouseandIsawhowthenoiseterrifiedourdogs.Isatonthefloorwiththemduringthewholeshow,holdingtheirshakingbodies.Iknowalotofpeopleenjoythecolorfullightshowsthefireworkscanputonattimes.Theycanbebrightandbeautiful.Still,IfindthatIpreferthegentlerlightsofsummertothesenoisyones.Iloveseeingthemoonrisingabovethehillsintheevening.Itsgentle,smilingfacealwaysremindsmethatsomeonelovesmeandiswatchingovermefromabove.Theshinningstarsalsoalwayslooksoheavenlyandwonderfulwhenyoutakethetimetolookupintotheskiesandwatchthemshine.Ialsolovethebeautiful,blinking(眨眼的)lightsofthefirefliesthistimeoftheyear.Seeingtheirlovely,littlelightsastheyflyaroundalwaysfillsmyheartwithlightanddelightaswell.Itwarmsmysoulandremindsmeofwhataperfectworldwelivein.Ithinkweallmightdobettertogrowthegentlerlightswithinourselves.Oursocietyseemstopraiseandadmirethosewhocomeoffasboomingandbrash(自以为是的).24.Whydoestheauthormentionhischildhood’sexperience?A.Toshareanoldstory.B.Toexplainhistirednessoffireworks.C.Tostressajoyfulatmospherewithfireworks.D.Toremindusofthedangeroffireworks.25.Whydoestheauthorpreferlightslikethemoonlight?A.Becausetheyarebright,andbeautiful.B.Becausetheygivehimpleasantfeelings.C.Becausetheydon’tscarehisdogsanymore.D.Becausetheykeephimfreefrombeingmonitored.26.Howdoestheauthorfeelwhenseeingthefireflies?A.Grateful. B.Joyful. C.Determined. D.Beloved.27.Whatwouldtheauthorwriteaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A.Whygentlerlightsarebetterthannoisyones.B.Whatgentlerlightswillreallybringtoourlife.C.Howwecanmaketheworldagentlerplace.D.Whenwecanstopgreatnoisessuchasfireworks.【答案】24.B25.B26.B27.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者首先讲述了童年时对烟花的厌恶，然后描述了他对柔光的喜爱，并倡导建设一个更加柔和的社会。【24题详析】推理判断题。从第一段中的“IhaveneverbeenabigfanoffireworkssinceIwasaboy.(我从小就不太喜欢看烟花)”可知，作者不喜欢烟花，作者讲述童年的经历是为了解释他不喜欢烟花的原因，故选B项。【25题详析】细节理解题。从第二段最后一句“Itsgentle,smilingfacealwaysremindsmethatsomeonelovesmeandiswatchingovermefromabove.(它温柔的笑脸总是让我想起有人爱着我，从上面看着我)”可知，作者喜欢像月光一样温柔的光，是因为这能给他被爱、被关注的美妙感觉，故选B项。【26题详析】推理判断题。从第三段第三句“Seeingtheirlovely,littlelightsastheyflyaroundalwaysfillsmyheartwithlightanddelightaswell.Itwarmsmysoulandremindsmeofwhataperfectworldwelivein.(当它们飞来飞去时，看到他们可爱的小灯光，总是让我的心充满光明和喜悦。它温暖了我的灵魂，提醒我，我们生活在一个多么完美的世界)”可知，作者看到萤火虫时心情是愉快的，故选B项。【27题详析】推理判断题。从文章最后一段第一句“Ithinkweallmightdobettertogrowthegentlerlightswithinourselves.(我想我们都可以做得更好，在我们自己的内心种下更温和的光)”，并结合倒数第二段最后一句“Itwarmsmysoulandremindsmeofwhataperfectworldwelivein.(它温暖了我的灵魂，提醒我，我们生活在一个多么完美的世界)”可知，作者接下来要介绍如何建设一个更柔和的社会，故选C项。CPoweroftenboostsanemployee’screativitybecausebeingpowerfulliberatestheindividualfromrestrictions.However,newresearchshowsthatemployeeswhoarenotinpositionsofpowercanbecomemorecreativewhengiventimeto“warmup”toataskbyengaginginthecreativetaskmorethanonce.“Thisisimportantbecausewhenpeoplewithmorepowerareabletoexpresstheircreativeideasmorethanthosewithlesspower,whichleadstoarich-get-richerdynamicthatstrengthensthesepowerimbalances,”saidBrianLucas,assistantprofessorintheCornellUniversity.“Understandingwaystoboostthecreativityoflowerpowerworkerscanhelpthemfindtherightwaytodealwiththislow-powerdisadvantage,”Lucassaid.Lucasandhiscolleaguesconductedtwostudiestoreachtheirconclusion．Inthefirststudy,theydividedthecreativeideagenerationsessionintotworoundsconsistingofaone-minute“warmup”followedbyasecondroundinwhichtheparticipantscouldtakeaslongastheywanted．Participantswererandomlyassignedtoahigh-powerconditionoralow-powercondition,andfeelingsofpowerweregeneratedwitharolemanipulation(操纵)whereparticipantsweregivenaleadershiproleandcontroloverresources(highpower)oranemployeerolewithnocontroloverresources(lowpower).Thestudyfoundthathigh-powerindividualsweremorecreativethanlow-powerindividualsinthewarm-upround．Therewasnodifference,though,increativityinthesecondround.Inthesecondstudy,theresearchersgavethemadifferentcreativetaskandincreasedthenumberofroundsfromtwosessionstofive,takingaslongastheyliketocompletethetask.Similartothefirststudy,thestudyfoundthathigh-powerindividualsweremorecreativethanlow-powerindividualsinthefirstround．Butthecreativityoflow-powerindividualscaughtuptothecreativityofthehigh-powerindividualsafterthefirstround.“Thelow-powerwarm-upeffectsuggestsasimpleinterventionthatempowersallemployeestotaptheircreativepotentialandovercomespowerimbalancesintheworkplace:whenpursuingcreativework,letemployeeswarmupfirst,”Lucassaid.28.WhydoesLocusthinkitimportanttoboostthecreativityoflowerpowerworkers?A.Itmaintainspowerimbalances.B.Itmotivatestheirambitiontocatchup.C.Itcreatesacompetitiveworkenvironment.D.Itencouragesaworkplacewithmoreequality.29.HowdidLucasandhisco-authorsstimulatefeelingsofpowerintheparticipants?A.Throughacreativetaskwithtimelimits.B.Throughprovidingthemwithdifferentpositions.C.Throughacompetitionbetweenleadersandemployees.D.Throughassigningthemtodifferentconditionsintentionally.30.Howdidthesecondstudydifferfromthefirststudy?A.Ithadfewerrounds. B.Itinvolvedmoreparticipants.C.Participantshadachangedtask. D.Participants’creativitygapbecamewider.31.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Powertendstoencouragecreativeideas.B.Changingtasksboostsalltheemployees’creativity.C.Warm-uptimecorrectscreativitypowerimbalances.D.Low-powerindividualsoutperformthehigh-powerones.【答案】28.D29.B30.C31.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，给予热身时间后，职位低的员工的创造力可以得到提升。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中““Understandingwaystoboostthecreativityoflowerpowerworkerscanhelpthemfindtherightwaytodealwiththislow-powerdisadvantage,”Lucassaid.(卢卡斯说：“了解如何提高低权力员工的创造力，可以帮助他们找到正确的方法来应对这种低权力的劣势。”)”可知，了解如何促进职位较低员工的创造力，能够帮助他们找到正确的方法来应对职位低的劣势，让他们产生更多创造性想法，从而促进工作场所更加公平公正。故选D。【29题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Participantswererandomlyassignedtoahigh-powerconditionoralow-powercondition,andfeelingsofpowerweregeneratedwitharolemanipulation(操纵)whereparticipantsweregivenaleadershiproleandcontroloverresources(highpower)oranemployeerolewithnocontroloverresources(lowpower)(参与者被随机分配到高权力情境或低权力情境，并通过角色操纵产生权力感，参与者被赋予领导角色和控制资源的角色(高权力)或没有控制资源的员工角色(低权力)。)”可知，参与者的权力感是通过给予参与者不同的角色（leadership或employeerole）来产生的。故选B。【30题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Inthesecondstudy,theresearchersgavethemadifferentcreativetaskandincreasedthenumberofroundsfromtwosessionstofive,takingaslongastheyliketocompletethetask(在第二项研究中，研究人员给了他们一项不同的创造性任务，并将回合数从两回合增加到五回合，只要他们愿意，就可以完成任务。)”可知，第二项研究中，任务发生了改变。故选C。【31题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“However,newresearchshowsthatemployeeswhoarenotinpositionsofpowercanbecomemorecreativewhengiventimeto“warmup”toataskbyengaginginthecreativetaskmorethanonce.(然而，新的研究表明，没有权力的员工如果有时间通过多次参与创造性任务来“热身”，他们会变得更有创造力。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍研究发现，一般情况下，职位高的员工比职位低的员工更具有创造力，但是热身环节可以激发职位低的员工的创造力，从而创造一个更加公平的工作环境,所以选择项C“Warm-uptimecorrectscreativitypowerimbalances.(热身能够纠正创造能力的不均衡。)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。DForallprogrammersandprocessorindustryparticipants,theRISC-Vwebsiteisalmostamust-visitasanopenstandard.InstructionSetArchitecture,whichisdefinedasthedesignofacomputerfromtheprogrammer’sperspective,enablinganeweraofprocessorinnovationthroughopencooperation.UnlikeX86andARM,whichareownedbycertainenterprises,RISC-Visanopenone,allowinganybodytodownloaditsinstructionshandbookanduseit.MaybethatiswhysomeUSlawmakersaretargetingRISC-V.RepublicanSenatorMarcoRubioandDemocraticSenatorMarkWarnerhavereportedlybeenurgingUSPresidentJoeBidentotakeactionregardingRISC-V,because,theyfearthatChinesecompaniesmightmakeuseoftheopen-sourceplatformtoimprovetheirchips(芯片)technology.Maybethelegislators(立法者)donotrealizethatbytargetingRISC-Vtheyaretargetingnotonlyacompanyoraplatformbuttheideaofopennessitself.BeingaUScompany.RISC-Vhasaglobalmembership,withanumberofChineseandUSenterprisesasmembers.Ithasforlongbeenknownasanopen-mindedinstitutionpromotingtechnologicalcooperationdespitethepoliticaltensions,andtheUSlawmakerstargetingitseemtobeclosingoneofthelastchannelsoftechnologycommunicationbetweenChinaandtheirnation.BydoingsotheyareharmingtheUnitedStates’owninterestsanditstechnologicalleadershipintheworld.Opensourceisagoodcomputingtoolthatbenefitsthosewhoshareprogramsaswellasthosewholearnfromit.TheAndroidsmartphonesystem,forexample,hasdevelopedlargelybecauseGoogledecidedtomakeitanopen-sourcesystem,whichattractedworldwidesmartphonebusinessestoadoptitsstandard.TheUSlawmakersmightnexttargetGitHub,or,someday,evenforbidprogrammersfromaccessingtheInternet.ThatwillonlyleadtotheUSlosingitstechnologicaledge,nevertogetitbackagain.32.WhatisRISC-Vaccordingtothepassage?A.Awebsiteforprogrammers.B.Acomputerdesignstandard.C.Anopen-sourceplatform.D.AUSchipscompany.33.Thefirstparagraphservesasa(n)________.A.argument B.background C.proof D.connection34.WhatdoestheauthormainlyemphasizeaboutUStargetingRISC-V?A.Fairness. B.Interests. C.Cooperation. D.Openness.35.Whichcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.RISC-Venablesprocessorinnovationthroughopencooperation.B.USlawmakersaretargetingRISC-Vforthetechnologysafetyconcern.C.TheexampleofAndroiddemonstratesthebenefitsoftechnologicalopenness.D.GitHubandtheInternetarethenexttargetUSwillfocusontosafeguarditsleadership.【答案】32.C33.B34.D35.C【语篇解读】本文为一篇议论文，讨论美国意图关闭RISC-V这一开放平台来遏制中国芯片发展的行为影响了科研的开放性。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Forallprogrammersandprocessorindustryparticipants,theRISC-Vwebsiteisalmostamust-visitasanopenstandard.(对于所有程序员和处理器行业的参与者来说，RISC-V网站几乎是一个必须访问的开放标准。)”；第二段“RepublicanSenatorMarcoRubioandDemocraticSenatorMarkWarnerhavereportedlybeenurgingUSPresidentJoeBidentotakeactionregardingRISC-V,because,theyfearthatChinesecompaniesmightmakeuseoftheopen-sourceplatformtoimprovetheirchips(芯片)technology.(据报道，共和党参议员马可·卢比奥和民主党参议员马克·华纳一直在敦促美国总统乔·拜登对RISC-V采取行动，因为他们担心中国公司可能会利用开源平台来改进他们的芯片技术。)”及第三段“MaybethelegislatorsdonotrealizethatbytargetingRISC-Vtheyaretargetingnotonlyacompanyoraplatformbuttheideaofopennessitself.(也许立法者没有意识到，通过针对RISC-V，他们针对的不仅仅是一家公司或一个平台，而是开放的理念本身。)”可知，RISC-V不仅是美国的公司，还是开放的指令构建平台，它不仅限于一个网站和指令标准，也不是芯片公司，因此，它是一个开源平台。故选C。【33题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Forallprogrammersandprocessorindustryparticipants,theRISC-Vwebsiteisalmostamust-visitasanopenstandard.InstructionSetArchitecture,whichisdefinedasthedesignofacomputerfromtheprogrammer’sperspective,enablinganeweraofprocessorinnovationthroughopencooperation.(对于所有程序员和处理器行业的参与者来说，RISC-V网站几乎是一个必须访问的开放标准。指令集架构，它被定义为从程序员的角度设计计算机，通过开放合作实现处理器创新的新时代。)”可知，第一段介绍了RISC-V网站对程序员的研究的重要性，为了引入全文的背景知识。故选B。【34题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句“Maybethelegislators(立法者)donotrealizethatbytargetingRISC-Vtheyaretargetingnotonlyacompanyoraplatformbuttheideaofopennessitself.(也许立法者没有意识到，通过针对RISC-V，他们针对的不仅仅是一家公司或一个平台，而是开放的理念本身。)”讲美国针对RISC-V其实是针对开放性本身；第四段第二句“Opensourceisagoodcomputingtoolthatbenefitsthosewhoshareprogramsaswellasthosewholearnfromit.(开源是一种很好的计算工具，对那些共享程序的人以及从中学习的人都有好处。)”说明科技开放性会惠及自身和其他人。由此可知，对于美国针对RISC-V，作者重点强调开放性。故选D。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Opensourceisagoodcomputingtoolthatbenefitsthosewhoshareprogramsaswellasthosewholearnfromit.TheAndroidsmartphonesystem,forexample,hasdevelopedlargelybecauseGoogledecidedtomakeitanopen-sourcesystem,whichattractedworldwidesmartphonebusinessestoadoptitsstandard.(开源是一种很好的计算工具，对那些共享程序的人以及从中学习的人都有好处。例如，安卓智能手机系统的发展很大程度上是因为谷歌决定将其作为一个开源系统，吸引了全球智能手机企业采用其标准。)”可知，科技开放性对分享者和学习者都有好处，作者利用安卓系统的例子证明了这一点。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowYourBrainDeceivesYouYourbrainpossessessomeincredibleabilities,fromrecallingconversationswithclosefriendstotacklingcomplexmathproblemswithease.____36____Attimes,itmayevenoverlookcriticalinformation,resultinginerrorsthatcouldbebadforyourwell-beingorhealth.____37____Oneofthebiggestshortcomingsofyourbrainisthatitcangetlazy.Whentryingtosolveaproblemormakeadecision,yourmindoftenfallsbackonsolutionsthathaveworkedinthepast.Whileusingshortcutscanbeausefulandeffectiveapproach,theycanalsotripyouupandcauseyoutomakemistakes.Forexample,maybeyou’reterrifiedofflyingbecauseyoucanthinkofseveraltragic,high-profileplanecrashes.Inreality,travelingbyairismuchsaferthantravelingbycar.____38____Moreover,yourbrainmightfailtodetectsignificantchangesoccurringinyoursurroundings,aphenomenonreferredtoaschangeblindness.____39____—otherwise,itwillgetoverwhelmed.Seeminglynotlikeahugeproblem,itcanhavemajorconsequencesaccordingtosomeresearch.Forexample,peoplewhohavejobslikeairtrafficcontrolcanmakepotentiallydisastrouserrorsasaresultofchangeblindness.____40____Intheprocess,wetwistrealitytoprotectourself-esteem—inotherwords,wedon’twanttoownupwhenwemessup.Whydoweparticipateintheblamegame?Researchersbelieveit’stosafeguardourself-esteemandshieldourselvesfromthefearoffailure.Whenadoptingthismindset,weattributenegativeoutcomestofactorsbeyondourcontrol.A.Yourbrainhastoprioritizewhatitpaysattentionto.B.Butitisnotthatperfectandopentoimperfections.C.Thisrealizationcancarryyouthroughsomeunnecessaryerrors.D.However,youcanavoidsomeoftheseerrorsbyacquiringabetterunderstandingofthem.E.Itgoeswithoutsayingthatyourbrai