英语历年真题与命题规律解析

目录

第一部分考研英语试题特点分析2

一、测试内容的总体特点2

二、试题的个性化特点2

三、试题的唯一性3第

二部分2007—2009考研英语真题及解析5

2007年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题5

2007年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题参考答案17

2008年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题20

2008年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题参考答案31

2009年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题33

2009年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题参考答案44

第三部分考研英语全程复习攻略47

一、参考书选择建议47

二、考研英语四轮复习法48

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遥遥领先的中国考研第一品牌

第一部分考研英语试题特点分析

全国硕士研究生入学统一考试是为高等学校和科研机构招收硕士研究生而设置的。作为一项

大规模的选拔性考试，考研英语的试题鲜明地体现了自身的特色与宗旨。一、测试内容的总

体特点

1.注重语言意义，而非语言形式近几年的考研英语试题都有特定的语境和情景，体现了

对语言意义的领悟与判断。试卷里几

乎没有死记硬背、单纯使用语言形式来选择选项的试题，而是更注重对考生语言意义理解能力的

考查。

2.测试的基本点定位在语篇上近几年的试卷测重对语篇能力的检测，对语言知识、语言技

能的考核都是通过语境和语篇来

完成的。尤其是在完形填空和阅读理解两个题型，题材广泛而新颖，涉及人文、社会、科普、经

济、文化教育和生物自然等方面，深层次理解题的比例在逐年加大。这些题的答案，考生若不经

过上下文的逻辑推理、揣测作者的意图、挖掘深层含义，是完成不好的。另外，考题中语篇加长，

对学生的阅读速度也提出更高的要求，需要猜测的词语约占语篇数的3%,若考生的知识面狭窄，

理解的难度就会更大。

3.注重基础知识的测试，加强了对学生语言运用能力的考核在近几年的考研英语试题中不

在设置单纯考查词汇、语法的项目，这是否意味着考研试题忽

略了对基础知识的测试？在2002年至2009年的考研大纲中，都明确要求考生具备“在交际中更

准确、自如地运用语法知识”这•语言能力。由此可见，考研英语绝不是不注重基础知识的测试，

而是考核形式改变了，考查要求更高了。考研英语对基础知识的测试贯穿在整个英语考卷中。完

型填空题会直接考查语法知识；阅读理解题和英译汉中有大量的长难句，这些句子只有具备一定

的语法知识才能正确分析；作文中要写出正确无误的句子，也需要语法知识做积淀。因此，考研

英语是从语篇角度测试考生对英语基础知识的运用能力。

4.注重选材的时代性和实用性考研试题的素材均选自英文原版书籍、英文主流媒体和英语

国家经常阅读的书刊。试卷中的

文章均是原汁原味的真实语料，体现了语言的真实性和实用性。而且所选文章多来自最新的英文

资料，更好的反映了当代英语语言的时代特点。同时从历年命制的试题看，被选取的文章的体裁

绝大多数为议论性的、评论性的和报道性的；多为分析论证的文章，很少有纯粹的文学文章。这

同攻读硕士学位研究生期间将面对大量的概括性强、抽象思维为主的材料有关。

二、试题的个性化特点

目前面向大学生及社会人员的大规模英语考试共有8种左右，但考研英语作为一种选拔性的

考试在考查内容、考查角度以及测试目标上和其他考试都有着本质区别，保持了自身独特的特点。

由于大英四、六级是考生普遍参加的一项考试，现仅对比分析考研英语与大英四六级。

考研英语与大英四、六级英语有如下具体的区别：第一，词汇。考研英语在词汇上主要考

察熟词新义，有些中学词汇的新用法都能考的一塌糊

涂；四、六级英语主要考察生词的第•意义或常用意义，只要你背了大纲的词汇表，基本就没问

题；

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第二，语言材料P考研英语的语言材料多及难句；四、六级英居几乎没有长难句，都是很简

单的句子，意思几乎一看就明白，不用仔细琢磨其意义；

第三，试题选项。完型和阅读理解是考研和四六级都要考到的题型，但考研英语试题选项多

陷阱，考生要有很强的分析能力和抗干扰的能力；四、六级英语试题选项的迷惑性不是很强，一

眼就能看出哪个是正确答案，哪个是干扰项。

第四，大英四六级中也涉及翻译、写作题型，但考研英语对翻译、写作能力的考查在难度及

复杂性上远远大于大英四六级的要求；

第五，考研阅读理解B部分即阅读理解新题型是考研独有的题型，该题型主要考查考生对连

贯性、一致性、逻辑性等语篇、语段整体性特征及文章结构的理解，这对考生的综合阅读能力提

出了更高的要求，

第六，测试口的。考研英语体现的是难度，四、六级英语体现的是速度。比如一个阅读片段，

考研英语一般要花15分钟去推敲琢磨，而六级英语必须在8-9分钟作完；

第七、大英四六级严格规定对试题的作答顺序而考研英语只需在三小时完成试题就可，至于

答题的顺序可根据个人喜好自主进行。

综上所述，大学英语四、六级是针对大部分大学生的一种测试，主要在于考查大学生在大学

期间的英语学习成果，其宗旨是希望大多数学生都能够在正规英语课堂训练之后通过这些测试，

因此四、六级考的主要是水平和速度。而考研阅读考的则是更高层次的英语能力，因为研究生入

学考试是一种选拔性测试，意在通过考试选出优秀的学生进行深造，因而对考生各方面的素质和

能力、包括英语阅读能力提出了更高的要求。

因此，想比四、六级考试的阅读文章和阅读题，考研阅读文章选材更加广泛，文章不论从长

度、词汇、句子、还是逻辑等各个角度来说难度都远远大于四、六级，同时命题也更加具有多变

性和迷惑性。这些都对考生的实战能力提出了更高的要求，特别要对阅读理解题日的考点和命题

原则知根知底。•般来说，四、六级阅读每篇花大约8-10分钟就能够完成，而考研阅读每篇则

需要10-20分钟。

三、试题的唯一性

考研英语试题的命制是一门科学，也是一项系统工程•需经过前期命题理论的研究，试题的

研发，题库的规划与建设，以及试题命制过程中的人力、财力与物力等的强有力的保障，才能达

到考研试题的科学性、合理性、均衡性和前瞻性诸要求并能有效发挥考研试题的功能。而且试题

在命制时要恪守七项标准：

1试题应该符合该学科的学理逻辑；

2试题应该符合语言发展的逻辑；

3试题应该符合文化的发展规律；

4试题应该符合测试学的•般规律；

5试题应该符合试题命制的•般规律；

6试题应该符合试题自身的功能目的；

7试题应该符合统计学意义上的考点变化规律。因此，经过这样一个周密而浩大的流程命

制出的试题，试题所体现出的信度、效度、区分度

是任何模拟试题都难以披靡的。

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当然，考研试题除J.在测试内容上具有唯一性外，还值得•提的是，既然考研的全称是全国

硕士研究生入学统一考试，那自然是试卷由教育部考试中心统一命制，全国报考不同院校的考生

大家共同作答唯一的一份试卷，虽然有些高校可以自主划定初始录取分数线，但他们也不具有单

独、自主命制试题的资格。

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第二部分2007—2009考研英语真题及解析

2007年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],fB],[C]or[D]

onANSWERSHEET1.(10points)

By1830,theformerSpanishandPortuguesecolonieshadbecomeindependentnations.The

roughly20million]ofthesenationslooked2tothefuture.Bominthecrisisoftheold

regimeandIberianColonialism,manyoftheleadersofindependence3theideasofrepresentative

government,careers4totalent,freedomofcommerceandtradeinthe5toprivateproperty,

andabeliefintheindividualasthebasisofsociety.6therewasabeliefthatthenewnationsshould

besovereignandindependentstates,largeenoughtobeeconomicallyviableandintegratedbya__7

setoflaws.

Ontheissueof8ofreligionandthepositionofthechurch,9,therewaslessagreement

10theleadership.RomanCatholicismhadbeenthestatereligionandtheonlyone11bythe

Spanishcrown,12mostleaderssoughttomaintainCatholicism13theofficialreligionofthe

newstates,somesoughtoendthe14ofotherfaiths.ThedefenseoftheChurchbecamearallying

15fortheconservativeforces.

Theidealsoftheearlyleadersofindependencewereoftenegalitarian,valuingequalityof

everything.BolivarhadreceivedaidfromHaitiandhad16inreturntoabolishslaveryintheareas

heliberated.By1854slaveryhadbeenabolishedeverywhereexceptSpain's17colonies.Early

promisestoendIndiantributeandtaxesonpeopleofmixedorigincamemuch18becausethenew

nationsstillneededtherevenue.Suchpolicies19Egalitariansentimentswereoftentemperedby

fearsthatthemassofthepopulationwas20self-ruleanddemocracy.

I.|A]natives[BJinhabitants(CJpeople[DJindividuals

2.[A]confusedly[B]cheerfully[C]worriedly[D]hopefully

3.[A]shared[B]forgot[C]attained[D]rejected

4.[A]related[B]close[CJopen[DJdevoted

5.[A]access[B]succession[C]right[D]return

6.[A]Presumably[B]Incidentally[C]Obviously[D]Generally

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7.[A]unique[B]common[C]particular[D]typical

8.[A]freedom[Blorigin[Climpact[D]reform

9.[A]therefore[BJhowever[CJindeed[DJmoreover

1O.[A]with[B]about[C]among[D]by

11.[A]allowed[B]preached[C]granted[D]funded

12.[A]Since[B]If[C]Unless[D]While

13.[A]as[B]for[C]under[D]against

14.[A]spread[B]interference[CJexclusion[D]influence

15.[Alsupport[B]cry[C]plea[D]wish

16.[A]urged[B]intended[C]expected[D]promised

17.[A]controlling[B]former[Clremaining[D]original

18.[A]slower[B]fasterfC]easier[D]tougher

19.[A]createdIBJproduced[CJcontributed[D]preferred

20.[A]puzzledby[B|hostileto[C]pessimisticaboutfD]unpreparedfor

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C],or[D].

MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)

Text1

Ifyouweretoexaminethebirthcertificatesofeverysoccerplayerin2006'sWorldCup

tournament,youwouldmostlikelyfindanoteworthyquirk:elitesoccerplayersaremorelikelytohave

beenbornintheearliermonthsoftheyearthaninthelatemonths.IfyouthenexaminedtheEuropean

nationalyouthteamsthatfeedtheWorldCupandprofessionalranks,youwouldfindthisstrange

phenomenontobeevermorepronounced.

Whatmightaccountforthisstrangephenomenon?Hereareafewguesses:a)certainastrological

signsconfersuperiorsoccerskills;b)winterbombabiestendtohavehigheroxygencapacity,which

increasessoccerstamina;c)soccer-madparentsaremorelikelytoconceivechildreninspringtime,at

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theannualpeakofsoccermania;d)noneoftheabove.

AndersEricsson,a58-year-oldpsychologyprofessoratFloridaStateUniversity,sayshebelieves

stronglyin“noneoftheabove.^^EricssongrewupinSweden,andstudiednuclearengineeringuntilhe

realizedhewouldhavemoreopportunitytoconducthisownresearchifheswitchedtopsychology.His

firstexperiment,nearly30yearsago,involvedmemory:trainingapersontohearandthenrepeata

randomseriesofnumbers.44Withthefirstsubject,afterabout20hoursoftraining,hisdigitspanhad

risenfrom7to20,“Ericssonrecalls."Hekeptimproving,andafterabout200hoursoftraininghehad

risentoover80numbers.^^

Thissuccess,coupledwithlaterresearchshowingthatmemoryitselfisnotgeneticallydetermined,

ledEricssontoconcludethattheactofmemorizingismoreofacognitiveexercisethananintuitiveone.

Inotherwords,whateverinborndifferencestwopeoplemayexhibitintheirabilitiestomemorize,those

differencesareswampedbyhowwelleachperson“encodes“theinformation.Andthebestwaytolearn

howtoencodeinformationmeaningfully,Ericssondetermined,wasaprocessknownasdeliberate

practice.Deliberatepracticeentailsmorethansimplyrepeatingatask.Rather,itinvolvessetting

specificgoals,obtainingimmediatefeedbackandconcentratingasmuchontechniqueasonoutcome.

Ericssonandhiscolleagueshavethustakentostudyingexpertperformersinawiderangeof

pursuits,includingsoccer.Theygatherallthedatatheycan,notjustperformancestatisticsand

biographicaldetailsbutalsotheresultsoftheirownlaboratoryexperimentswithhighachievers.Their

workmakesaratherstartlingassertion:thetraitwecommonlycalltalentishighlyoverrated.Or,put

anotherway,expertperformers-whetherinmemoryorsurgery,balletorcomputerprogramming-are

nearlyalwaysmade,notbom.

21.Thebirthdayphenomenonfoundamongsoccerplayersismentionedto

[A]stresstheimportanceofprofessionaltraining.[B]

spotlightthesoccersuperstarsattheWorldCup.

[C]introducethetopicofwhatmakesexpertperformance.

[D]explainwhysomesoccerteamsplaybetterthanothers.

22.Theword“mania”(Line4,Paragraph2)mostprobablymeans

[A]fun.[Bl

craze.[C]

hysteria.

fD]excitement.

23.AccordingtoEricsson,goodmemory

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[AJdependsonmeaningfulprocessingofinformation.

fB]resultsfromintuitiveratherthancognitiveexercises.

[C]isdeterminedbygeneticratherthanpsychologicalfactors.

[D]requiresimmediatefeedbackandahighdegreeofconcentration.

24.Ericssonandhiscolleaguesbelievethat

[A]talentisadominatingfactorforprofessionalsuccess.

[B]biographicaldataprovidethekeytoexcellentperformance.

[C]theroleoftalenttendstobeoverlooked.

[D]highachieversowetheirsuccessmostlytonurture.

25.Whichofthefollowingproverbsisclosesttothemessagethetexttriestoconvey?

[A]"Faithwillmovemountains.^^

[B]"Onereapswhatonesows.”

[C]"Practicemakesperfect?[DJ

“Likefather,likeson.”

Text2

Forthepastseveralyears,theSundaynewspapersupplementParadehasfeaturedacolumncalled

“AskMarilyn.^^PeopleareinvitedtoqueryMarilynvosSavant,whoatage10hadtestedatamental

levelofsomeoneabout23yearsold;thatgaveheranIQof228-thehighestscoreeverrecorded.IQ

testsaskyoutocompleteverbalandvisualanalogies,toenvisionpaperafterithasbeenfoldedandcut,

andtodeducenumericalsequences,amongothersimilartasks.SoitisabitconfusingwhenvosSavant

fieldssuchqueriesfromtheaverageJoe(whoseIQis100)as,What'sthedifferencebetweenloveand

fondness?Orwhatisthenatureofluckandcoincidence?It'snotobvioushowthecapacitytovisualize

objectsandtofigureoutnumericalpatternssuitsonetoanswerquestionsthathaveeludedsomeofthe

bestpoetsandphilosophers.

Clearly,intelligenceencompassesmorethanascoreonatest.Justwhatdoesitmeantobesmart?

Howmuchofintelligencecanbespecified,andhowmuchcanwelearnaboutitfromneurology,

genetics,computerscienceandotherfields?

ThedefiningtermofintelligenceinhumansstillseemstobetheIQscore,eventhoughIQtestsare

notgivenasoftenastheyusedtobe.Thetestcomesprimarilyintwoforms:theStanford-Binet

IntelligenceScaleandtheWechslerIntelligenceScales(bothcomeinadultandchildren'sversion).

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Generallycostingseveralhundreddollars,theyareusuallygivenonlybypsychologists,although

variationsofthempopulatebookstoresandtheWorldWideWeb.SuperhighscoreslikevosSavant'sare

nolongerpossible,becausescoringisnowbasedonastatisticalpopulationdistributionamongage

peers,ratherthansimplydividingthementalagebythechronologicalageandmultiplyingby100.

Otherstandardizedtests,suchastheScholasticAssessmentTest(SAT)andtheGraduateRecordExam

(GRE),capturethemainaspectsofIQtests.

Suchstandardizedtestsmaynotassessalltheimportantelementsnecessarytosucceedinschool

andinlife,arguesRobertJ.Sternberg.Inhisarticle“HowIntelligentIsIntelligenceTesting?”,

Sternbergnotesthattraditionaltestbestassessanalyticalandverbalskillsbutfailtomeasurecreativity

andpracticalknowledge,componentsalsocriticaltoproblemsolvingandlifesuccess.Moreover,IQ

testdonotnecessarilypredictsowelloncepopulationsorsituationschange.ResearchhasfoundthatIQ

predictedleadershipskillswhenthetestsweregivenunderlow-stressconditions,butunderhigh-stress

conditions,IQwasnegativelycorrelatedwithleadership-thatis,itpredictedtheopposite.Anyonewho

hastoiledthroughSATwilltestifythattest-takingskillalsomatters,whetheril'sknowingwhento

guessorwhatquestionstoskip.

26.Whichofthefollowingmayberequiredinanintelligenttest?

[AJAnsweringphilosophicalquestions.

[B]Foldingorcuttingpaperintodifferentshapes.

[C]Tellingthedifferencebetweencertainconcepts.

[D]Choosingwordsorgraphssimilartothegivenones.

27.WhatcanbeinferredaboutintelligencetestingfromParagraph3?

[A]PeoplenolongeruseIQscoresasanindicatorofintelligence.

[B]MoreversionsofIQtestsarenowavailableontheInternet.

[ClThetestcontentsandformatsforadultsandchildrenmaybedifferent.

[D]Scientistshavedefinedtheimportantelementsofhumanintelligence.

28.PeoplenowadayscannolongerachieveIQscoresashighasvosSavant'sbecause

[A]thescoresareobtainedthroughdifferentcomputationalprocedures.

[B]creativityratherthananalyticalskillsisemphasizednow.

[C]vosSavant'scaseisanextremeonethatwillnotrepeat.

[D]thedefiningcharacteristicofIQtestshaschanged.

29.Wecanconcludefromthelastparagraphthat

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[AJtestscoresmaynotbereliableindicatorsofone'sability.

fB]IQscoresandSATresultsarehighlycorrelated.

[C]testinginvolvesalotofguesswork.

[DJtraditionaltestareoutofdate.

30.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsIQtest?

[AJSupportive.

[B]Skeptical.

[C]Impartial.

[D]Biased.

Text3

Duringthepastgeneration,theAmericanmiddle-classfamilythatoncecouldcountonhardwork

andfairplaytokeepitselffinanciallysecurehadbeentransformedbyeconomicriskandnewrealties.

Nowapinkslip,abaddiagnosis,oradisappearingspousecanreduceafamilyfromsolidlymiddle

classtonewlypoorinafewmonths.

Injustonegeneration,millionsofmothershavegonetowork,transformingbasicfamily

economics.Scholars,policymakers,andcriticsofallstripeshavedebatedthesocialimplicationsof

thesechanges,butfewhavelookedatthesideeffect:familyriskhasrisenaswell.Today'sfamilies

havebudgetedtothelimitsoftheirsnewtwo-paycheckstatus.Asaresult,theyhavelosttheparachuted

theyoncehadintimesoffinancialsetback.-aback-upearner(usuallyMom)whocouldgointothe

workforceiftheprimaryearnergotlaidofforfellsick.This“added-workereffect“couldsupportthe

safetynetofferedbyunemploymentinsuranceordisabilityinsurancetohelpfamiliesweatherbadtimes.

Buttoday,adisruptiontofamilyfortunescannolongerbemadeupwithextraincomefroman

otherwise-stay-at-homepartner.

Duringthesameperiod,familieshavebeenaskedtoabsorbmuchmoreriskintheirretirement

income.Steelworkers,airlineemployees,andnowthoseintheautoindustryarejoiningmillionsof

familieswhomustworryaboutinterestrates,stockmarketfluctuation,andtheharshrealitythatthey

mayoutlivetheirretirementmoney.Formuchofthepastyear,PresidentBushcampaignedtomove

SocialSecuritytoasaving-accountmodel,withretireestradingmuchoralloftheirguaranteed

paymentsforpaymentsdependingoninvestmentreturns.Foryoungerfamiliesthepictureisnotany

better.Boththeabsolutecostofhealthcareandtheshareofitbornebyfamilieshaverisen-andnewly

fashionablehealth-savingplansarespreadingfromlegislativehallstoWal-Martworkers,withmuch

higherdeductiblesandalargenewdoseofinvestmentriskforfamilies'futurehealthcare.Even

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demographicsareworkingagainstthemiddleclassfamily,astheoddsofhavingaweakelderlyparent-

andalltheattendantneedforphysicalandfinancialassistance-havejumpedeightfoldinjustone

generation.

Fromthemiddle-classfamilyperspective,muchofthis,understandably,looksfarlesslikean

opportunitytoexercisemorefinancialresponsibility,andagooddealmorelikeafrightening

accelerationofthewholesaleshiftoffinancialriskontotheiralreadyoverburdenedshoulders.The

financialfallouthasbegun,andthepoliticalfalloutmaynotbefarbehind.

31.Today'sdouble-incomefamiliesareatgreaterfinancialriskinthat

[A]thesafetynettheyusedtoenjoyhasdisappeared.

[B]theirchancesofbeinglaidoffhavegreatlyincreased.

[C]theyaremorevulnerabletochangesinfamilyeconomics.

[D]theyaredeprivedofunemploymentordisabilityinsurance.

32.AsaresultofPresidentBush'sreform,retiredpeoplemayhave

[A]ahighersenseofsecurity.

[B]lesssecuredpayments.

[C]lesschancetoinvest.

[D]aguaranteedfuture.

33.Accordingtotheauthor,health-savingsplanswill

[A]helpreducethecostofhealthcare.[B]

popularizeamongthemiddleclass.[CJ

compensateforthereducedpensions.[D]

increasethefamilies*investmentrisk.

34.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat

[AJfinancialriskstendtooutweighpoliticalrisks.

[B]themiddleclassmayfacegreaterpoliticalchallenges.[C]

financialproblemsmaybringaboutpoliticalproblems.[D]

financialresponsibilityisanindicatorofpoliticalstatus.

35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthistext?

[A]TheMiddleClassontheAlert

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[B]TheMiddleClassontheCliff

[C]TheMiddleClassinConflict

[D]TheMiddleClassinRuins

Text4

Itneverrainsbutitpours.Justasbossesandboardshavefinallysortedouttheirworstaccounting

andcompliancetroubles,andimprovedtheirfeeblecorporationgovernance,anewproblemthreatensto

earnthem-especiallyinAmerica-thesortofnastyheadlinesthatinevitablyleadtoheadsrollingin

theexecutivesuite:datainsecurity.Left,untilnow,toodd,low-levelITstafftoputright,andseenasa

concernonlyofdata-richindustriessuchasbanking,telecomsandairtraveLinformationprotectionis

nowhighontheboss'sagendainbusinessesofeveryvariety.

Severalmassiveleakagesofcustomerandemployeedatathisyear-fromorganizationsasdiverse

asTimeWarner,theAmericandefensecontractorScienceApplicationsInternationalCorpandeventhe

UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley-haveleftmanagershurriedlypeeringintotheirintricateITsystems

andbusinessprocessesinsearchofpotentialvulnerabilities.

“Dataisbecominganassetwhichneedstobeguardedasmuchasanyotherassets,saysHaim

MendelsonofStanfordUniversity'sbusinessschool.44Theabilitytoguardcustomerdataisthekeyto

marketvalue,whichtheboardisresponsibleforonbehalfofshareholders."Indeed,justasthereisthe

conceptofGenerallyAcceptedAccountingPrinciples(GAAP),perhapsitistimeforGASP,Generally

AcceptedSecurityPractices,suggestedEliNoamofNewYork'sColumbiaBusinessSchool.''Setting

theproperinvestmentlevelforsecurity,redundancy,andrecoveryisamanagementissue,nota

technicalone,“hesays.

Themysteryisthatthisshouldcomeasasurprisetoanyboss.Surelyitshouldbeobvioustothe

dimmestexecutivethattrust,thatmostvaluableofeconomicassets,iseasilydestroyedandhugely

expensivetorestore-andthatfewthingsaremorelikelytodestroytrustthanacompanyletting

sensitivepersonaldatagetintothewronghands.

Thecurrentstateofaffairesmayhavebeenencouraged-thoughnotjustified-bythelackoflegal

penalty(inAmerica,butnotEurope)fordataleakage.UntilCaliforniarecentlypassedalaw,American

firmsdidnothavetotellanyone,eventhevictim,whendatawentastray.Thatmaychangefast:lotsof

proposeddata-securitylegislationisnowdoingtheroundsinWashington,D.C.Meanwhile,thetheftof

informationaboutsome40millioncredit-cardaccountsinAmerica,disclosedonJune17th,

overshadowedahugelyimportantdecisionadayearlierbyAmerica'sFederalTradeCommission(FTC)

thatputscorporateAmericaonnoticethatregulatorswillactiffirmsfailtoprovideadequatedata

security.

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36.Thestatement4*Itneverrainsbutitpours“isusedtointroduce

[A]thefiercebusinesscompetition.

[B]thefeebleboss-boardrelations.

[C]thethreatfromnewsreports.[D]

theseverityofdataleakage.

37.AccordingtoParagraph2,someorganizationschecktheirsystemstofindout

[A]whetherthereisanyweakpoint.

[B]whatsortofdatahasbeenstolen.

[CJwhoisresponsiblefortheleakage.

[D]howthepotentialspiescanbelocated.

38.InbringinguptheconceptofGASPtheauthorismakingthepointthat

[A]shareholders,interestsshouldbeproperlyattendedto.

[B]informationprotectionshouldbegivendueattention.

[C]businessesshouldenhancetheirlevelofaccountingsecurity.

[D]themarketvalueofcustomerdatashouldbeemphasized.

39.AccordingtoParagraph4,whatpuzzlestheauthoristhatsomebossesfailto

[AJseethelinkbetweentrustanddataprotection.

[B]perceivethesensitiveofpersonaldata.

[C]realizethehighcostofdatarestoration.

[D]appreciatetheeconomicvalueoftrust.

40.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph5that

[A]dataleakageismoresevereinEurope.

[B]FTC'sdecisionisessentialtodatasecurity.

[C]Californiatakestheleadinsecuritylegislation.

[DJlegalpenaltyisamajorsolutiontodataleakage.

PartB

Directions:

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Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatextaboutwhatparentsaresupposedtodotoguidetheir

childrenintoadulthood.ChooseaheadingfromthelistA-Gthatbestfitsthemeaningofeach

numberedpartofthetext(41-45).Thefirstandlastparagraphsofthetextarenotnumbered.Thereare

extraheadingsthatyoudonotneedtouse,MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)

A.SetaGoodExampleforYourKids

B.BuildYourKids'WorkSkills

C.PlaceTimeLimitsonLeisureActivities

D.TalkabouttheFutureonaRegularBasis

E.HelpKidsDevelopCopingStrategies

F.HelpYourKidsFigureOutWhoTheyAre

G.BuildYourKids'SenseofResponsibility

HowCanaParentHelp?

Mothersandfatherscandoalottoensureasafelandinginearlyadulthoodfbrtheirkids.Evenifa

job'sstartingsalaryseemstoosmalltosatisfyanemergingadult'sneedforrapidcontent,thetransition

fromschooltoworkcanbelessofasetbackifthestart-upadultisreadyforthemove.Hereareafew

measures,drawnfrommybookReadyorNot,HereLifeComes,thatparentscantaketopreventwhat

call“work-lifeunreadiness”：

(41).

Youcanstartthisprocesswhentheyare11or12.Periodicallyreviewtheiremergingstrengthsand

weaknesseswiththemandworktogetheronanyshortcomings,likedifficultyincommunicatingwellor

collaborating.Also,identifythekindsofintereststh