云南省临沧地区中学2025届高考适应性月考卷（五）英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1云南省临沧地区中学2025届高考适应性月考卷（五）英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ALiteraryJourneyMagazineSubscriptionExploretheWorldofWordswithLiteraryJourneyMagazineAreyoupassionateaboutliteratureandwanttoreadmorewidely?LiteraryJourneyMagazineoffersthebestreadingmaterialsfromaroundtheworld,perfectforhighschoolstudentsandbooklovers.OurSubscription（订阅）PlansPlanDurationPriceFeaturesBasic6months$25·Monthlydigitalissues·Accesstopastissues(1year)Standard12months$45·Monthlydigital&printissues·Accesstopastissues(3years)·SeasonalbooksuggestionsPremium12months$65·Monthlydigital&printissues·Fullaccesstoallpastissues·Monthlybookdelivery·SpecialwriterinterviewsHowtoSubscribeVisitour.IfyousubscribebyMay31st,you’llgetafreenotebookandbookmark.Schoolsordering15ormoresubscriptionsgeta30%discount-greatforEnglishclassesandreadingclubs.Forquestions,emailusatinfo@orcall1-800-LITJOURNEY(1-800-548-5687)MondaytoFriday,9AMto5PM.JointhousandsofreadersanddiscoveramazingbookswithLiteraryJourneyMagazine!1.WhatwouldNOTbeincludedintheStandardplan?A.Printedmagazines. B.Booksdeliveredtoyourhomemonthly.C.Onlinemagazineissues. D.Ideasforbookstoreadeachseason.2.Howcannewreadersgetafreegift?A.TheycanbuythePremiumplan. B.Theycanordersubscriptionsfortheirschool.C.TheycansubscribebeforeJunebegins. D.Theycancallthecustomerservicenumber.3.Howmuchcanaschoolsavewhenbuying20Premiumsubscriptions?A.$270. B.$390. C.$910. D.$1,300.【答案】1.B2.C3.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是LiteraryJourney杂志的不同订阅计划及其特色，适合文学爱好者及学校订购。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据订阅计划表格,Standard计划Features部分中的“·Monthlydigital&printissues;·Accesstopastissues(3years);·Seasonalbooksuggestions(·每月数字和印刷版期刊；·可访问过往三年的期刊；·每季图书推荐。)”可知，Standard计划中不包括“Monthlybookdelivery(每月图书递送)”，这项服务只在Premium计划中。故选B项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据HowtoSubscribe部分明确指出“IfyousubscribebyMay31st,you’llgetafreenotebookandbookmark.(如果你在5月31日之前订阅，你将获得一本免费的笔记本和书签。)”可知，在5月31日之前订阅的人可以获得免费礼物，即“beforeJunebegins(在6月开始之前)”。故选C项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据HowtoSubscribe部分中的“Schoolsordering15ormoresubscriptionsgeta30%discount-greatforEnglishclassesandreadingclubs.(订购15份及以上订阅的学校可享受30%的折扣——非常适合英语课程和读书俱乐部。)”可知，学校订购15份或以上的可以获得30%的折扣，结合表格中Premium计划订阅的价格是每份$65，20份的原价为$65×20=$1300，享受$1300×30%=$390的优惠。故选B项。BWhenToneeCartersitsinfrontofapiano,hisfingerstakeonalifeoftheirown,dancingacrossthekeysashesmiles,closeshiseyes,andsinksintoamelody.Carter,66,isn’tfamous,buthedoesperformforaninternationalaudiencenearlyeverydayatHartsfield-JacksonAtlantaInternationalAirport.Travelersluckyenoughtohearhimoftenfindthemselvesattractedbyhismusic.That’swhathappenedtoCarlosWhittaker,amotivationalspeakerwhowastravelinghometoTennessee.“AsIwaswalkingthroughthehall,Iheardsomeoneplayingthepiano,”Whittaker,46,toldCNN.WhilelisteningtothemusicthatseemedtoeffortlesslyflowfromCarter’sfingertips,Whittaker,theinfluenceronsocialmediaalsotookvideosofthemusicianandsharedthemwithhismorethan200,000followers.AndanideahitWhittaker.“SuddenlyIwaslike,whatwouldhappenifIaskedmyfollowersifwecouldgivehimthebiggesttiphe’severgotten,”hesaid.“Asofthisconversation,wehadraised$61,000.”Carterwasjust6yearsoldwhenhisfather,alsoapianist,tookhimtoaRayCharlesconcert.ButCarterhasn’thadtheeasiestlife.Infact,Carterhashadseriouskidneydiseasesince2008.“Ithoughthewaskidding.Ijustcouldn’tbelieveit,”CatertoldCNN.“ThisisthekindofthingIdo.Ilovegivinganddonatingandhelpingpeople,butIneverexpectedsomeonetodoitforme.”Whittakerhasusedhissocialmediaplatformtoraisefundsforothersinthepast.Earlierthismonth,heandhisfollowersraised$230,000forBrooklynToAlaska,anon-profitorganizationthatsendsurbanteenagersonanadventuretoAlaska.CarterplanstousethemoneytohelppeoplethewayWhittakerhashelpedhim.“That$61,000isnotmine.It’sthemoneythat’sgoingtogotoothers,”Cartersaid.“Thereisonlyonewaytosaythankyou,becausewordsaren’tenough.Andthatistopaythisforward.4.WhatdoweknowaboutToneeCarterandCarlosWhittaker?A.Theymetbychance. B.Theyhadmetbefore.C.Theyweregoodfriends. D.Theywerebothmusicians.5.WhatmadethefollowersonsocialmediahelpCarter?A.Carter’sreputation. B.Carter’sseriousdisease.C.Whittaker’sinfluence. D.Whittaker’sinspiringstory.6.WhichwordbestdescribesWhittaker?A.Knowledgeable. B.Intelligent.C.Generous. D.Humorous.7.WhatwillCarterchoosetodointheend?A.Keepthemoney. B.Helpthoseinneed.C.HelpWhittakerinreturn. D.Treathisdiseasewiththemoney.【答案】4.A5.C6.C7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述网红Whittaker被Carter的钢琴声吸引，通过社交媒体为Carter筹集6.1万美元，而Carter计划用这笔钱来帮助有需要的人，把善意传递下去。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“That’swhathappenedtoCarlosWhittaker,amotivationalspeakerwhowastravelinghometoTennessee.“AsIwaswalkingthroughthehall,Iheardsomeoneplayingthepiano,”Whittaker,46,toldCNN.(就是卡洛斯·惠特克(CarlosWhittaker)的遭遇，他是一位励志演说家，当时正在返回田纳西州的途中。46岁的惠特克告诉CNN：“当我穿过大厅时，我听到有人在弹钢琴。”)”可知他并不认识ToneeCarter，而是被他的钢琴声吸引，所以他们是偶然遇见的，故选A。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“WhilelisteningtothemusicthatseemedtoeffortlesslyflowfromCarter’sfingertips,Whittaker,theinfluenceronsocialmediaalsotookvideosofthemusicianandsharedthemwithhismorethan200,000followers.AndanideahitWhittaker.“SuddenlyIwaslike,whatwouldhappenifIaskedmyfollowersifwecouldgivehimthebiggesttiphe’severgotten,”hesaid.“Asofthisconversation,wehadraised$61,000.”(在听着似乎毫不费力地从Carter指尖流出的音乐时，社交媒体上的网红Whittaker还拍摄了这位音乐家的视频，并与他的20多万粉丝分享。Whittaker灵机一动。“突然间，我想，如果我问我的粉丝，假如我们给他一笔他得到过的最多的小费，会发生什么呢？”他说。“到这次谈话为止，我们已经筹集了6.1万美元。”)”可推断是Whittaker的影响让社交媒体上的粉丝们帮助Carter，故选C。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Whittakerhasusedhissocialmediaplatformtoraisefundsforothersinthepast.Earlierthismonth,heandhisfollowersraised$230,000forBrooklynToAlaska,anon-profitorganizationthatsendsurbanteenagersonanadventuretoAlaska.(Whittaker过去曾利用他的社交媒体平台为他人筹集资金。本月早些时候，他和他的粉丝为“布鲁克林到阿拉斯加”(BrooklynToAlaska)筹集了23万美元，这是一个非营利组织，专门送城市青少年去阿拉斯加冒险。)”可推断Whittaker是慷慨大方的，故选C。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“CarterplanstousethemoneytohelppeoplethewayWhittakerhashelpedhim.“That$61,000isnotmine.It’sthemoneythat’sgoingtogotoothers,”Cartersaid.(Carter计划用这笔钱来帮助人们，就像惠特克帮助他一样。“那6.1万美元不是我的。这些钱将流向其他人。”)”可知Carter最终会用这笔钱去帮助有需要的人。故选B。CSincetheApollomissionsbegan,spaceprogramshaveofferedauniqueperspectiveonourhomeplanet.Itsmostfascinatinglegacymayhavebeen,notvisitingthemoon—thebarrenworldthatisourplanetarycompanion,butgivingusaviewofthebounteous(富饶的)worldthatisourhome.TheApollomissions,whichconcludedin1972,occurredalongsidethebirthofthemodernenvironmentalmovement—thefoundingofFriendsoftheEarthin1969andGreenpeacein1971,thefirstEarthDayin1970,amongotherimportantevents—andthesightofEarthfromspaceofferedinspirationandmotivation.WhenApollo8astronautWilliamAnderssnappedaphotographofEarth,partiallyinshadow,risingabovethemoon’ssurfacein1968,heprovidedtheclearestimageyetseenofourworldanditsfragility(脆弱)inspace.Manyyearslater,photographerGalenRowelldescribed“Earthrise”as“themostinfluentialenvironmentalphotographevertaken.”“Earthrise”wasfollowedby“BlueMarble”,aviewoftheEarthtakenfromtheApollo17spacecraftin1972.ThatwasthelastoftheApollomoonmissions,butNASA’sspaceexplorationcontinuedtotakelongingglancesbacktowardtheirhomeworld.In1989,NASAformalizedaMissiontoPlanetEarth,inwhichexaminingthethirdplanetfromthesunwasnolongerincidentaltoitsworkbutcentraltoit.Inthethreedecadessincethen,theagency’sEarthScienceprogramobservationhasexpandedalongwithboththetechnologicalabilityandthegrowingnecessitytodoso.NASAandpartnerssuchastheEuropeanSpaceAgency(ESA)havecompiledanever-growingimagelibraryofourownplanet.TheimagesrevealhowEarthistransformedbylanduse,humanactivities,weatherphenomenaandclimatechanges.Thethousandsuponthousandsofimagesrevealmomentsintimeandseeminglytimelessvistas,ofourworldupcloseandfromafar.AsAndershimselfobserved,50yearsafterhisfirst“Earthrise”imagewasreleased,“Wesetouttoexplorethemoon,andinsteaddiscoveredtheEarth.”8.WhatisviewedasthebiggestachievementoftheApollomissions?A.Landinghumansonthemoonforthefirsttime.B.ShowingtheEarth’sbeautyandfragilenature.C.Inspiringmankind’sdesireformorespacewalks.D.Makingtechnologicaladvancesinspaceexploration.9.Whatdoesthe“Earthrise”photosymbolizeaccordingtothetext?A.TheendoftheApollomoonmissions.B.Thelimitationsofearlyspacephotography.C.TheurgencyofprotectingEarth’senvironment.D.ThechangeofNASA’sfocusonstudyingEarth.10.WhatwasthechiefgoalofNASA’sMissiontoPlanetEarth?A.ToestablishpartnershipswithESA.B.Toexplorenewplanetsinthesolarsystem.C.Todevelopadvancedspacecrafttechnology.D.TostudyEarth’senvironmentandchanges.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheChangingViewofEarthfromSpace:Photos&ImagesB.TheImpactofSpaceExploration:AFascinatingArgumentC.NASA’sMissiontoPlanetEarth:AScientificRevolutionD.TheMoonLanding:Humans’GreatestAchievement【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述阿波罗任务最大遗产是从太空展现地球美丽与脆弱，相关影像推动对地球环境变化的研究。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Itsmostfascinatinglegacymayhavebeen,notvisitingthemoon—thebarrenworldthatisourplanetarycompanion,butgivingusaviewofthebounteous(富饶的)worldthatisourhome.(其最迷人的遗产或许并非访问月球——那个贫瘠的行星伴侣，而是让我们看到我们的家园——这个富饶的世界)”及第三段“heprovidedtheclearestimageyetseenofourworldanditsfragilityinspace.(他提供了迄今为止最清晰的地球图像，展现了其在太空中的脆弱性)”可知，阿波罗任务的最大成就在于展示地球的美丽与脆弱。故选B项。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“GalenRowelldescribed‘Earthrise’as‘themostinfluentialenvironmentalphotographevertaken.’(盖伦・罗威尔称《Earthrise》为‘有史以来最具影响力的环保照片’。)”及第二段“thesightofEarthfromspaceofferedinspirationandmotivation(从太空看到地球的景象提供了灵感和动力)”可推知，该照片象征着保护地球环境的紧迫性。故选C项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“In1989,NASAformalizedaMissiontoPlanetEarth,inwhichexaminingthethirdplanetfromthesunwasnolongerincidentaltoitsworkbutcentraltoit.(1989年，美国国家航空航天局正式确定了一项行星地球任务，在该任务中，检查距离太阳第三颗行星不再是其工作的附带任务，而是其核心任务)”及第五段“TheimagesrevealhowEarthistransformedbylanduse,humanactivities,weatherphenomenaandclimatechanges.(这些图像揭示了土地利用、人类活动、天气现象和气候变化是如何改变地球的)”可知，该任务的主要目标是研究地球环境与变化。故选D项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章以阿波罗任务拍摄的《Earthrise》、《BlueMarble》等太空照片为线索，阐述太空观测如何揭示地球的脆弱性及环境变化，末段强调“thousandsuponthousandsofimagesrevealmomentsintimeandseeminglytimelessvistas(成千上万的图像揭示了不同时刻和看似永恒的景象)”。所以A项TheChangingViewofEarthfromSpace:Photos&Images(从太空看地球的变化：照片和图像)准确概括了“太空视角下地球图像及其影响”的主题，可以作为最佳标题。故选A项。DIfyou’veeverhungaroundscientists,you’vemostlikelyheardoneofthemsay“thebestexplanationisthesimplestone.Butisit?Fromthebehaviorofantstotheoccurrenceoftornadoes,thenaturalworldisoftenquitecomplex.Whyshouldweassumethesimplestexplanationisclosesttothetruth?ThisideaisknownasOccam’s(orOckham’s)razor.It’salsoreferredtoas“ruleofeconomy”.Anditbearsafamilyrelationshiptothe“principleofleastastonishment,”whichholdsthatifanexplanationistoosurprising,it’sprobablynotright.ThenamecomesfromWilliamofOckham,a14th-centuryscholasticphilosopher.Hecreatedtheprinciplethat“entities(实体)shouldnotbemultipliedbeyondnecessity.”Thephilosophicalclaimisaformofontologicalminimalism:weshouldnotinvokeentitiesunlesswehaveevidencethattheyexist.Inotherwords,don’tmakestuffup.In1687,IsaacNewtonexpandedonthenotionwithhisconceptofaveracausa—atruecause,statingthatweshouldadmitonlycausesthatwerebothtrueandsufficienttoexplainnaturalphenomena.HeaddedthatNaturedidnothinginvainandNaturewaspleasedwithsimplicity.AlthoughNewtonwasagreatscientist,thisclaimseemsodd.Whoistosaywhat“pleasesNature”?Doesn’tthisguidanceassumeweknowwhatweareinfacttryingtofigureout?ConsidertheworldofPhysicsfilledwithexplanationsthataresurprising,unexpectedandhardtogetyourheadaround.Newtonexplainedlightasbeingmadeofparticles,whereasotherscientistsexplaineditasawave.Quantummechanics,however,tellsuslightisbothawaveandaparticle.Newton’saccountwassimpler,butmodernphysicstellsusthemorecomplexmodelisclosertothetruth.Whenweturntobiology,thingsgetevenmorecomplicated.Imaginetwosmokers,bothofwhomwentthroughapackadayfor30years.Onegetscancer;theotherdoesn’t.Thesimplestexplanation?Fordecadesthetobaccoindustry’sanswerwasthatsmokingdoesn’tcausecancer.Simplebutfalse.Infact,diseaseiscomplex,andwedon’tyetunderstandallthefactorsinvolvedincancer.Occam’srazorisnotafactorevenatheory.It’sametaphysical(形而上学的)principle:anideaheldindependentlyofempirical(实证的)evidence.Inhumanaffairs,thingsaremoreoftenthannotcomplex.Humanmotivationsaretypicallymultiple.Peoplecanbegoodandbadatthesametime,selfishandselfless,dependingoncircumstances.Theshelvesofethicistsarefilledwithbooksthinkingwhygoodpeopledobadthings,andtheiranswersarerarelyshortandsweet.Ourexplanationsshouldmatchtheworldasbestaswecanmakethem.Scienceisaboutallowingthingstounfoldnaturally,andsometimesthismeansacceptingthatthetruthisnotsimple,evenifitwouldmakeourliveseasierifitwere.12.Occam’srazorindicatesthat________.A.explanationsshouldbeconsistentwithpurposesB.sufficientcausescanexplainnaturalphenomenaC.reasonableexplanationsarerarelysurprisingD.simplerexplanationsshouldbepreferred13.WhyisNewton’sviewonsimplicityproblematic?A.Itassumesunknowntruths. B.Itlacksexperimentalsupport.C.Itconflictsquantumphysics. D.Itoverlooksbiologicalcomplexity.14.Whatisagainsttobaccoindustry’s“simple”cancerclaim?A.Randomchanceoccurrence. B.Disease’snaturalcomplexity.C.Long-termhealthstatistics. D.Smokers’behavioraldifferences.15.It’simpliedinthepassagethatweneedto________.A.followthelawsofnature. B.balanceaccuracyandsimplicity.C.interprettheworldasitis. D.highlighttheexistenceofentities.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了奥卡姆剃刀理论，该理论主张最简单的解释往往更接近真相，但科学和现实世界的复杂性表明，这一原则并非绝对，真理有时并不简单。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Ifyou’veeverhungaroundscientists,you’vemostlikelyheardoneofthemsay‘thebestexplanationisthesimplestone.(如果你曾和科学家们相处过，你很可能会听到他们中的一位说“最好的解释是最简单的一个)”以及第二段中“ThisideaisknownasOccam’s(orOckham’s)razor.It’salsoreferredtoas‘ruleofeconomy’.(这个想法被称为奥卡姆剃刀理论。它也被称为“经济法则”)”可知，奥卡姆剃刀理论指的是简单的解释应该被优先考虑。故选D。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“In1687,IsaacNewtonexpandedonthenotionwithhisconceptofaveracausa—atruecause,statingthatweshouldadmitonlycausesthatwerebothtrueandsufficienttoexplainnaturalphenomena.HeaddedthatNaturedidnothinginvainandNaturewaspleasedwithsimplicity.AlthoughNewtonwasagreatscientist,thisclaimseemsodd.Whoistosaywhat‘pleasesNature’?Doesn’tthisguidanceassumeweknowwhatweareinfacttryingtofigureout?(1687年，艾萨克・牛顿用他的“真正原因”概念进一步阐述了这一观点——所谓真正的原因，是指我们只应认可那些既真实存在、又足以解释自然现象的原因。他还补充说，大自然不会做徒劳无功之事，且偏爱简洁。尽管牛顿是一位伟大的科学家，但这一说法似乎有些奇怪。谁能断言“什么能让大自然满意”呢？这种指导难道不正是假定了我们已经知晓了实际上正试图弄明白的东西吗？)”可知，牛顿认为自然乐于简单，但这种观点假设了人类能够知道什么能取悦自然，即它假设了未知的真理。故选A。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段“Whenweturntobiology,thingsgetevenmorecomplicated.Imaginetwosmokers,bothofwhomwentthroughapackadayfor30years.Onegetscancer;theotherdoesn’t.Thesimplestexplanation?Fordecadesthetobaccoindustry’sanswerwasthatsmokingdoesn’tcausecancer.Simplebutfalse.Infact,diseaseiscomplex,andwedon’tyetunderstandallthefactorsinvolvedincancer.”(当我们转向生物学时，事情变得更加复杂。想象一下有两个吸烟者，他们每天抽一包烟，持续了30年。一个人得了癌症，另一个人没有。最简单的解释是什么？几十年来，烟草行业的回答是吸烟不会导致癌症。简单但错误。事实上，疾病是复杂的，我们还不了解癌症的所有因素)”可知，烟草行业认为吸烟不会导致癌症，这种简单的解释是错误的，因为疾病的复杂性，特别是癌症的成因涉及多种因素，所以疾病的自然复杂性反驳了烟草行业“简单”的癌症说法。故选B。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ourexplanationsshouldmatchtheworldasbestaswecanmakethem.Scienceisaboutallowingthingstounfoldnaturally,andsometimesthismeansacceptingthatthetruthisnotsimple,evenifitwouldmakeourliveseasierifitwere.(我们的解释应该尽可能与世界相匹配。科学是让事物自然展开，有时这意味着接受真相并不简单，即使这样会让我们的生活更轻松)”可知，文章强调我们的解释应尽可能与世界实际情况相匹配，科学是让事物自然展开，有时需要接受真相并不简单。由此可推知，文章暗示我们需要实事求是地解释世界。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Recently,Isatinalecturehallwithacoupleofhundredfinal-yearundergraduatestudents.____16____WhenIwasabouttograduate,thefutureseemedunclear.Ididn’thaveaplaceonacompanygraduateprogrammelikemanyofmyclassmates.Decadeson,Irealizedthatwhatseemedlikeobviouscareerladdersweren’tsosimple.IntheUKatleast,thejobmarketfortoday’sgraduatesseemsgood.TheannualreportbytheInstituteofStudentEmployersfoundthatgraduaterecruitmentcouldincreaseby5%in2023-24.Companiesstruggledtorecruitinareassuchasdigital,engineeringandfinance.____17____—withanaverageof86applicationsforeveryopening.____18____TheCharteredInstitutionofPersonnelandDevelopment’sgoodworksurveyfoundthatonly35%ofpeoplesaidtheirjobofferedgoodopportunitiesforcareeradvancement.Thereareafewreasonswhypeoplefinditdifficulttoadvanceonthecareerladder.Oneofthemmanypeoplestruggleisthatcareerladdersarebecomingsmaller.Aslargeorganizationshaveslimmeddown,sohavetheinternalpathsforpromotion.____19____Asworkgetsoutsourcedtogigworkers,therearefewopportunitiesfordevelopingnewskillsandsteppingup.Anotherissueisthatincreasingnumbersofpeoplejustaren’tinterestedinclimbingtheladder.TherecentiterationoftheworldvaluessurveyfoundmillennialsandgenerationZplacedlessvalueonworkthantheyusedto.Adecadeago,41%ofmillennialsthoughtworkshouldcomefirstwhilethatnumberis14%today.____20____A.Despitethisstrongdemand,eachpositionwashotlycontested.B.Lookingaround,Ithoughtaboutmyownuncertaintyattheirage.C.Itseemsmanyofusnolongerseeourselvesdefinedbyourwork.D.Careersetbackssuchasunsuccessfullyapplyingforapromotionareoftenpainful.E.Oncetoday’sgenerationofgraduatesfindajob,onlysomewillfindopportunitiestoadvance.F.Thismeanscareershavebeenreplacedwithjobs,andjobshaveincreasinglybeenreplacedwithtasks.G.Likethestudentssittinginthatlecturehall,manyofusonlyseeasmallportionofthepathsforcareerdevelopmentlifemightoffer.【答案】16.B17.A18.E19.F20.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了作者对于毕业生就业的一些看法。【16题详析】根据上文“Recently,Isatinalecturehallwithacoupleofhundredfinal-yearundergraduatestudents.(最近，我和几百名即将毕业的本科生坐在一个讲堂里)”以及后文“WhenIwasabouttograduate,thefutureseemedunclear.Ididn’thaveaplaceonacompanygraduateprogrammelikemanyofmyclassmates.Decadeson,Irealizedthatwhatseemedlikeobviouscareerladdersweren’tsosimple.(当我即将毕业时，未来似乎不明朗。我没有像我的许多同学那样参加公司的研究生项目。几十年过去了，我意识到看似显而易见的职业阶梯并没有那么简单)”可知，后文提到了作者毕业时感到未来不明朗，推测作者看到其他学生，也想到了自己当时的情况。故B选项“环顾四周，我想到了自己在他们这个年纪时的不确定”符合语境，故选B。【17题详析】根据后文“withanaverageof86applicationsforeveryopening(平均每个职位有86人申请)”可知，后文提到了平均每个职位有86人申请，说明竞争很激烈，故A选项“尽管需求强劲，但每个职位都竞争激烈”符合语境，故选A。【18题详析】根据后文“TheCharteredInstitutionofPersonnelandDevelopment’sgoodworksurveyfoundthatonly35%ofpeoplesaidtheirjobofferedgoodopportunitiesforcareeradvancement.(英国特许人事与发展协会的“好工作”调查发现，只有35%的人说他们的工作提供了良好的职业发展机会)”可知，后文的调查表明大部分人的工作没有提供良好的职业发展机会。故E选项“现在这一代的毕业生一旦找到工作，只有一部分人能找到晋升的机会”符合语境，故选E。【19题详析】根据上文“Thereareafewreasonswhypeoplefinditdifficulttoadvanceonthecareerladder.Oneofthemmanypeoplestruggleisthatcareerladdersarebecomingsmaller.Aslargeorganizationshaveslimmeddown,sohavetheinternalpathsforpromotion.(人们很难在职业阶梯上取得进步有以下几个原因。许多人纠结的一个问题是，职业阶梯越来越小。随着大型机构的瘦身，内部晋升渠道也在缩减)”可知，本句承接上文，说明大型机构的瘦身，内部晋升渠道也在缩减背后的意义。故F选项“这意味着职业已经被工作所取代，而工作也越来越多地被任务所取代”符合语境，故选F。【20题详析】根据上文“Anotherissueisthatincreasingnumbersofpeoplejustaren’tinterestedinclimbingtheladder.TherecentiterationoftheworldvaluessurveyfoundmillennialsandgenerationZplacedlessvalueonworkthantheyusedto.Adecadeago,41%ofmillennialsthoughtworkshouldcomefirstwhilethatnumberis14%today.(另一个问题是，越来越多的人对往上爬不感兴趣。最近的世界价值观调查发现，千禧一代和Z一代不像过去那样重视工作。十年前，41%的千禧一代认为工作应该放在第一位，而今天这一比例为14%)”可知，上文提到“认为工作应该放在第一位”的看法大幅降低，说明不再认为工作是第一位的，故C选项“我们中的许多人似乎不再认为自己是由工作来定义的”符合语境，故选C。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Oneofthequickestwaystogetajoblatelyhasbeentoannounceonsocialmediathatyouwerelaidoff(解雇).Despitetheoverallstrengthofthejobmarket,layoffshavebeenincreasinginrecentmonths.Companiesintheentertainment,automotive,andfinancialindustries,suchasNetflix,Tesla,andJPMorganChase,haveallannouncedlayoffs,andmoreare___21___inthetechnology,aerospace,andtravelsectors.However,manyrecentlylaid-off___22___areturningtosocialmediaplatformstosharetheirexperiencesandseeknewemploymentopportunities.Whatwasonceconsideredanembarrassingno-nohasnowbecomea(n)___23___steptoshowone’stoughnessandreadinessfornewchallenges.NathanFelt,___24___,sharedhislayoffexperienceonlineafterlosinghispositionasadirectorofproductdesignatGuaranteedRate.Heexpressedamixofdisappointmentandhopeforthefuture,andprovidedapodcastdiscussinghow___25___canleadtogrowthopportunities.Hispost,whichdidnot___26___askforajob,receivednumerousresponses,includingseveraljoboffers.Heeventuallystartedanewroleasaproduct-designleaderatAmazon.Careercoachesadvisejobseekerstoavoid___27___sadnessintheironlineposts.___28___,theysuggestexpressinggratitudefortheirpreviousemploymentandconveyingeagernessfornewopportunities.LizMaupin,amarketingproducerinLosAngeles,postedaboutherbeingfired.Shewrote,“Ifyouhearofanything,I’malovelyproducerandam___29___aboutkeepingworking.”Within24hours,shewasfloodedwithresponses,andoneofthemturnedintoajoboffer,whichshedescribedas“____30____”.Otherswhohavesuccessfullyfoundnewjobsthroughsocialmediaemphasizetheimportanceofproviding____31____information,suchasjobtitles,experiencelevels,andtheirvaluetoateam.SarahNelson,whoworksinhumanresources,____32____herlayofffromaSanFranciscofirmonasocialmediaplatform.She____33____inconversationswithseveralcompanies.Recentlyshestartedanewremotejobasarecruiter(招聘人员)withDandy,anonlinedentallabplatform,inScottsdale,Ariz.SilviaFuentes,whorevealedherlayofflastweek,specifiedthatshewasseekingamid-leveldigitalproductdesignerrole.Sheincludedthephrase“hmu”(“hitmeup”,meaning“contactme”)inher____34____forjobopportunities.Shewas____35____byseveralprofessionalsonlineinnotime,andshehashadafewinitialconversationssofar.21.A.maintained B.advocated C.expected D.disciplined22.A.travellers B.bikers C.individuals D.employers23.A.risky B.false C.dangerous D.effective24.A.onthewhole B.inparticular C.asaresult D.forexample25.A.shelters B.failures C.achievements D.promotions26.A.directly B.gratefully C.randomly D.commonly27.A.funding B.displaying C.overlooking D.doubting28.A.Instead B.Otherwise C.Moreover D.Meanwhile29.A.flexible B.passionate C.alert D.confused30.A.accidental B.romantic C.stressful D.amazing31.A.classified B.statistical C.detailed D.timely32.A.publicized B.negotiated C.battled D.caused33.A.specialized B.believed C.engaged D.investigated34.A.request B.priority C.signal D.praise35.A.shutup B.loggedout C.calledoff D.trackeddown【答案】21.C22.C23.D24.D25.B26.A27.B28.A29.B30.D31.C32.A33.C34.A35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章分享了多个真实案例，表明越来越多被裁员工通过社交媒体宣布被解雇的信息，以真诚态度分享经历、展示能力，快速获得新工作机会。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：娱乐、汽车和金融行业的公司，如网飞、特斯拉和摩根大通，都宣布了裁员，科技、航空航天和旅游业预计也将有更多裁员。A.maintained维持；B.advocated提倡；C.expected预期；D.disciplined训练。根据上文“Companiesintheentertainment,automotive,andfinancialindustries,suchasNetflix,Tesla,andJPMorganChase,haveallannouncedlayoffs”和下文“inthetechnology,aerospace,andtravelsectors”可知，在描述完娱乐、汽车和金融行业的公司裁员的现状后，此处指预计科技、航空航天和旅游业有更多裁员。故选C。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，许多最近被解雇的个人转向社交媒体平台分享他们的经历，寻找新的就业机会。A.travellers旅行者；B.bikers骑行者；C.individuals个人；D.employers雇主。根据上文“Companiesintheentertainment,automotive,andfinancialindustries,suchasNetflix,Tesla,andJPMorganChase,haveallannouncedlayoffs”可知，此处指那些被公司解雇的个人。故选C。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：曾经被认为是令人尴尬的禁忌，现在却成为展示一个人的坚韧和准备迎接新挑战的有效步骤。A.risky冒险的；B.false虚假的；C.dangerous危险的；D.effective有效的。根据上文“Oneofthequickestwaystogetajoblatelyhasbeentoannounceonsocialmediathatyouwerelaidoff(解雇).”可知，在社交媒体上宣布自己被解雇可以很快找到工作，因此是指成为有效步骤。故选D。【24题详析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：例如，NathanFelt在失去了GuaranteedRate产品设计总监的职位后，在网上分享了他的裁员经历。A.onthewhole总体而言；B.inparticular特别；C.asaresult因此；D.forexample例如。根据上文“However,manyrecentlylaid-off______areturningtosocialmediaplatformstosharetheirexperiencesandseeknewemploymentopportunities.”和“NathanFelt”可知，上一段总的描述被解雇的人求职的方法，本段开始用具体的案例进行说明，此处用forexample“例如”引出NathanFelt的案例。故选D。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在表达失望的同时，也展现了未来的希望，并发布了一期播客，探讨失败如何带来成长机会。A.shelters庇护所；B.failures失败；C.achievements成就；D.promotions晋升。根据上文“afterlosinghispositionasadirectorofproductdesignatGuaranteedRate”可知，Nathan失去了GuaranteedRate产品设计总监的职位，此处指这一失败经历如何带来成长机会。故选B。【26题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他的帖子没有直接寻求工作，但收到了许多回复，其中包括几份工作邀请。A.directly直接地；B.gratefully感激地；C.randomly随机地；D.commonly通常地。根据上文“Heexpressedamixofdisappointmentandhopeforthefuture,andprovidedapodcastdiscussinghow______canleadtogrowthopportunities.”可知，Nathan在帖子中表达的是个人的情绪和观点，并未直接寻求工作。故选A。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：职业教练建议求职者避免在网络帖子中显露出悲伤。A.funding资助；B.displaying显露；C.overlooking忽视；D.doubting怀疑。根