重庆市某学校2025-2026学年高二上学期开学适应性训练英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1重庆市某学校2025-2026学年高二上学期开学适应性训练英语试卷第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AUNESCOhasadded26newsitestoitsWorldHeritageList,recognizingtheiroutstandinguniversalculturalandnaturalvalue.Thisbringsthetotalnumberoflistedlocationsto1,248.Herearesomeofthenewlyaddedsites.BavarianpalacesKingLudwigIIofBavaria,whohasbeencalledthe“MadKing”,hadthesegrandpalacesbuiltbetween1864and1886inwhatisnowGermany,accordingtoUNESCO.Thepalacesarenowatouristattraction,“recordsinstoneoftheidealfantasyworldwhichthekingbuiltasarefuge(避难所)fromreality,”accordingtoabiographyonawebsiteforthepalaces.ImperialtombsinChinaThetombsarelocatedinnorth-centralChina’sNingxiaregion.PeoplefromtheXixiaDynastyareburiedamongthe“9imperialmausoleums(王室陵墓),271subordinatetombs,anorthernarchitecturalcomplex,and32floodcontrolstructures,”asUNESCOdescribes.China’sgovernmentsaidthesiteshows“thecrucialroleofXixiaasakeydistributioncenterontheSilkRoadsduringthe11thand13thcenturies.”Itaddedthatthelocationis“thelargest,highest-ranked,andmostcompletearchaeologicalsitefromtheXixiaperiodthathassurvivedtothepresentday.”Remainsof17thcenturyPortRoyal,JamaicaPortRoyal,insoutheasternJamaica,wasamajorEnglishportcityinthe17thcentury.AccordingtoUNESCO,itwasacenteroftransatlantictrade,whichincludedenslavedAfricans.Itwasalsoacommunitycenterforpirates.A1692earthquakepushedmuchofthetownunderwater.EcosystemsoftheBijagósIslandsTheBijagósArchipelago,offthecoastofGuinea-Bissau,isknownforitsbiodiversity.It’shometo“endangeredGreenandLeatherbackturtles,manatees,dolphins,andover870,000migratoryshorebirds,”UNESCOsays.1.Whichsitewasoriginallydesignedasanescapefromreality?A.Bavarianpalaces. B.ImperialtombsinChina.C.Remainsof17thcenturyPortRoyal,Jamaica. D.EcosystemsoftheBijagósIslands.2.WhatisafeatureofimperialtombsinChina?A.TheyaresituatedinthecenterofnorthernChina.B.Theywerebuilttocontrolflood.C.TheyproveXixia’sroleontheSilkRoad.D.Theyarethelargesttombssurvivingtilltoday.3.WhatcanatravelerdoontheBijagósIslands?A.Visitgrandpalacesbuiltbyaking.B.StudythehistoryoftheXixiaDynasty.C.ObserveendangeredGreenandLeatherbackturtles.D.Exploreunderwaterremainsfroma1692earthquake.【答案】1.A2.C3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了联合国教科文组织新加的四个文化遗址。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Bavarianpalaces下面的“Thepalacesarenowatouristattraction,“recordsinstoneoftheidealfantasyworldwhichthekingbuiltasarefuge(避难所)fromreality,”accordingtoabiographyonawebsiteforthepalaces.(宫殿现在是一个旅游景点，根据宫殿网站上的一份传记，宫殿“用石头记录了国王为逃避现实而建造的理想幻想世界”)”可知，Bavarianpalaces最初被用于逃避现实。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据ImperialtombsinChina下面的“China’sgovernmentsaidthesiteshows“thecrucialroleofXixiaasakeydistributioncenterontheSilkRoadsduringthe11thand13thcenturies.”(中国政府表示，该遗址展示了“西夏在11世纪和13世纪作为丝绸之路重要集散地的关键作用”)”可知，中国帝王墓展示了西夏在丝绸之路的关键作用。故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据EcosystemsoftheBijagósIslands下面的“It’shometo“endangeredGreenandLeatherbackturtles,manatees,dolphins,andover870,000migratoryshorebirds,”UNESCOsays.(联合国教科文组织表示，这里是“濒危的绿海龟、棱皮龟、海牛、海豚和87万多只迁徙滨鸟”的家园)”可知，游客可以在这里观赏到濒危的绿海龟和棱皮龟。故选C。BAfterarefreshingmorningrain,sunlightbathedtheTaierzhuangWarRuinsParkinZaozhuang,Shandongprovince,ascrowdsofvisitorsgatheredaroundabullet-riddled(充满弹孔的)oldhouse—asilentwitnesstothefiercefightingthatonceoccurredhere.Thisscarred(伤痕累累的)buildingisoneof53wartimerelicspreservedinthepark,standingasapowerfulreminderofthebrutalBattleofTaierzhuangthattookplacein1938,ahard-earnedvictoryintheChinesePeople’sWarofResistanceAgainstJapaneseAggression.ThisvictorygavetheChinesepeoplenewconfidenceanddestroyedJapan'shopesforaquickwin.“Tothenamesofsmalltownsfamousasturningpointsinhistory—theWaterloo,Gettysburg,Verdun—wecanaddanother.ItisTaierzhuang,anancientbrick-walledsettlementonthebanksofChina’sGrandCanal,”readsanarticlewrittenbywarphotographerRobertCapa,whosephotosaboutthebattlearenowonshowintheTaierzhuangWarMemorialHall.Afterthefiercebattle,over90percentofthestructuresinthisonce-prosperouscanaltownlayinruins.Therewasnotasinglewalluntouchedbybullets,notapatchofearthnotsoakedbyblood.Buttoday,thetownhasbeenrebuiltinthestyleoftheMingandQingdynasties,preserving53wartimerelicswhilerevivingitshistoriccharm.Itisnowamajorculturalandpatrioticdestination.Beyondtourism,Taierzhuang’sspiritofresiliencefuelsmoderndevelopment.“Before,ourroadsweremuddy,jobswerefew,andyoungpeopleleft,”saysWangYanjun,villagesecretaryoftheCommunistPartyofChina.Butinrecentyears,thevillagehastransformedintoaprovincial-levelscenicareaandamodelofruralrevivalbydevelopinggreenhouses,agritourismandhomestays(民宿).“Taierzhuangstandsnotjustasamemorialtopastsacrificesbutasasymbolofperseveranceandrenewal,”saysWang.4.Thepreservedbullet-riddledbuildingservesprimarilyas_________.A.anattractionfordomestictourists B.adisplayofMing-QingarchitectureC.acommercialhomestaysfortravelers D.areminderofhistoricalresistance5.WhydoestheauthormentionWaterloo,GettysburgandVerduninparagraph3?A.TohighlightTaierzhuang’sglobalhistoricalsignificance.B.TocompareTaierzhuangwithotherfamousbattlefields.C.Toquestiontheaccuracyofhistoricalrecords.D.TopromotetheTaierzhuangWarMemorialHall.6.WhatidentitiesdoesmodernTaierzhuangrepresentaccordingtothepassage?A.Agriculturalbaseandindustrialcenter. B.Warmemorialandsymbolofrebirth.C.Tourismspotandpoliticalcenter. D.Canaltownandtechnologymodel.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhereBulletHolesStillSpeak. B.WheretheGrandCanalenablesRevival.C.WhereScarsofWarAreDifficulttoHeal. D.WhereScenicCharmMeetsRuralRevival.【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.A【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道，文章主要介绍充满弹孔的台儿庄从战争废墟中崛起，如今是对战争的纪念和重生的象征，成为乡村振兴的典范。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thisscarred(伤痕累累的)buildingisoneof53wartimerelicspreservedinthepark,standingasapowerfulreminderofthebrutalBattleofTaierzhuangthattookplacein1938,ahard-earnedvictoryintheChinesePeople’sWarofResistanceAgainstJapaneseAggression.(这座伤痕累累的建筑是公园内保存的53处战时遗迹之一，它有力地提醒着人们1938年发生在台儿庄的残酷战役，这是中国人民抗日战争来之不易的胜利)”可知，这座保存完好的充满弹孔的建筑主要是为了提醒人们历史上的抵抗，故选D。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Tothenamesofsmalltownsfamousasturningpointsinhistory—theWaterloo,Gettysburg,Verdun—wecanaddanother.ItisTaierzhuang,anancientbrick-walledsettlementonthebanksofChina'sGrandCanal(除了滑铁卢、葛底斯堡、凡尔登这些以历史转折点而闻名的小镇之外，我们还可以再加一个。它就是台儿庄，中国大运河岸边的一个古老的砖墙定居点)”可知，此处将台儿庄和具有重大历史意义的滑铁卢、葛底斯堡、凡尔登相比，是为了突出台儿庄的世界历史意义，故选A。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Taierzhuangstandsnotjustasamemorialtopastsacrificesbutasasymbolofperseveranceandrenewal(台儿庄不仅是对过去牺牲的纪念，也是坚持和更新的象征)”可知，现在台儿庄的身份是对战争的纪念和重生的象征，故选B。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Afterarefreshingmorningrain,sunlightbathedtheTaierzhuangWarRuinsParkinZaozhuang,Shandongprovince,ascrowdsofvisitorsgatheredaroundabullet-riddled(充满弹孔的)oldhouse—asilentwitnesstothefiercefightingthatonceoccurredhere.(在一场清爽的晨雨之后，阳光沐浴在山东枣庄的台儿庄战争遗址公园里，成群的游客聚集在一座弹孔累累的老房子周围，这是曾经发生在这里的激烈战斗的无声见证)”和倒数第二段中“Butinrecentyears,thevillagehastransformedintoaprovincial-levelscenicareaandamodelofruralrevivalbydevelopinggreenhouses,agritourismandhomestays(民宿).(但近年来，通过发展温室、农业旅游和民宿，这个村庄已经变成了省级风景名胜区和乡村复兴的典范)”以及最后一段“Taierzhuangstandsnotjustasamemorialtopastsacrificesbutasasymbolofperseveranceandrenewal(台儿庄不仅是对过去牺牲的纪念，也是坚持和更新的象征)”可知，文章主要介绍充满弹孔的台儿庄从战争废墟中崛起，如今是对战争的纪念和重生的象征，并成为乡村振兴的典范，A项“充满弹孔的地方仍在诉说”为最佳标题，故选A。CNaturehasdevelopedtheemotionalstatewecallangertohelpusstayalive.Angerenergizesus,preparingusforaction.Itcanbeusedeitherinproductivewaysorjusttheopposite.Whenwefeelenergizedbyanger,wemightaskourselveshowweputthisenergytothemostproductiveuse.Perhapsthemosthelpfulthingtorememberaboutangeristhatitisasecondaryemotion.Aprimaryfeelingiswhatisfeltimmediatelybeforewefeelangry.Wemightfirstfeelafraid,attacked,offended,trapped,ordisrespected.Ifanyofthesefeelingsareintenseenough,wethinkoftheemotionasanger.Generallyspeaking,secondaryfeelingsdonotidentifytheunmetemotionalneed.WhenallIcansayis“Ifeelangry”,neitherInoranyoneelseknowswhatwouldhelpmefeelbetter.Ahelpfultechnique,then,istoalwaysidentifytheprimaryemotion.Assumesomeonewantsustodosomethingweprefernottodo.Atfirstwefeelalittlepressured,butnotenoughtogetangry.Whentheykeeppushingus,webegintogetannoyed.Iftheycontinue,wegetangry.Suchangerdamagesrelationships.Ifwefeelangry,itisevidentthatwefeelstronglyaboutsomething.Insteadofsaying,“Ican’tbelievehowirresponsiblesheis.Whatacold-hearted,evilwitchsheis”Amoreproductiveresponseis:“AmIreallyupsetbythis?Whydoesitbothermesomuch?WhatspecificallyamIfeeling?”Fromtheanswers,wecandecidetopickthebestonetocalmtheanger.Assoonaswe“upshift”andbegintothinkaboutouroptionsandtheirconsequences,westarttofeelmoreincontrolandlessthreatened.Wegetoutoftheautomaticstimulus-responsemode(刺激-反应模式)andrealizethatwehavechoices.ThereisaquotefromVictorFranklthatgoeslikethis:“Betweenstimulusandresponse,thereisaspace.Inthatspacelieourgrowthandfreedom.”8.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsanger?A.Favorable. B.Objective. C.Doubtful. D.Negative.9.Whatcanweknowaboutanger?A.Itreflectsone’sintensefeeling. B.Itreferstoaminoremotion.C.Itcanidentifyemotionalneed. D.Itsurelycausesaviolentreaction.10.WhatcanbeinferredfromVictorFrankl’sconcept?A.Wehaveachancetothinkbeforereactingtoastimulus.B.Stimulusandresponseareweaklyconnectedtoeachother.C.Growthandfreedomdependonstrongexternalstimulus.D.Automaticreactionsarenecessaryforgainingfreedom.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Techniquesforrecognizinganger. B.Underlyingcausesofanger.C.Handlingangerconstructively. D.Gettingridofnegativeemotions.【答案】8.B9.A10.A11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了什么是愤怒以及如何对待愤怒这种情绪。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Angerenergizesus,preparingusforaction.Itcanbeusedeitherinproductivewaysorjusttheopposite.(愤怒能激发我们的能量，让我们做好行动的准备。它可以被用于富有成效的方式，也可能恰恰相反。)”可知，作者认为愤怒会刺激我们对此做出行为反应，它既可能产生有效益的影响，也可能会有反作用，所以可以推断出，作者对愤怒的态度是客观中立的。故选B。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Ifanyofthesefeelingsareintenseenough,wethinkoftheemotionasanger.(如果这些感觉足够强烈，我们就认为这种情绪是愤怒。)”可知，愤怒反映了一个人非常强烈的情绪。故选A。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Fromtheanswers,wecandecidetopickthebestonetocalmtheanger.Assoonaswe“upshift”andbegintothinkaboutouroptionsandtheirconsequences,westarttofeelmoreincontrolandlessthreatened.Wegetoutoftheautomaticstimulus-responsemode(刺激-反应模式)andrealizethatwehavechoices.(从答案中，我们可以决定选择最好的一个来平息愤怒。一旦我们“升档”并开始考虑我们的选择及其后果，我们就开始感到更加可控，受到的威胁更小。我们摆脱了自动刺激-反应模式，意识到我们有选择。)”和最后一段“ThereisaquotefromVictorFranklthatgoeslikethis:“Betweenstimulusandresponse,thereisaspace.Inthatspacelieourgrowthandfreedom.”(VictorFrankl曾说过：“在刺激和反应之间，有一个空间。我们的成长和自由就在这个空间里。”)”可知，前文指出我们可以摆脱自动刺激-反应模式，考虑并选择平息我们的愤怒，这可以让我们感到可控，最后一段VictorFrankl指出在刺激和反应之间有一个自由和成长的空间，这意在表明，我们在对刺激做出反应之前有机会思考。故选A。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了愤怒是一种非常强烈的情绪，并讲述了当我们感到愤怒时我们应该如何做才能平息我们的愤怒。由此可推测，本文主要讲述的是我们应该如何有效应对愤怒。故选C。DGrowingconcernsabouttheeconomicsituationarecreatingsignificantdifficultiesforsocialmediainfluencers(网红).Contentfeaturingluxurylifestyles,previouslypopularonplatformslikeTikTokandInstagram,nowfacescriticismfromaudiencesexperiencingfinancialstress.Accordingtoanationwidesurvey,54%ofAmericansholdnegativeviewstowardcurrenteconomicconditions,fuelingfrustrationtowarddisplaysofwealth.Brandpartnershipsareundergoingnotablechanges.While76%ofcompaniescontinueinfluencercooperations,thisrepresentsa10%declinecomparedto2024data.Businessesnowsignificantlyreducecreatorinvolvementperadvertisingcampaign—fromovertwentyparticipantstosingle-digitnumbers—asconsumerspendingdecreases.Thefinancialstabilityofinfluencersisthereforeincreasinglythreatened.With12millionself-identifiedfull-timecreatorssupportinganaverageannualincomeof$178,000intheU.S.,marketinganalystPeytonKnightemphasizesadaptability:“Thoseunabletodevelopprofessionallywillfadeawaywhenbrandfundingends.”Toweatherthestorm,strategistSamOgbornencouragesinfluencerstotakeanunconventionalapproachbyredirectingtheircontentawayfromoverspendingandmoretowardembracingunderconsumption.Ogbornsaysasconsumerswanttobuylessandsavemore,“itmakessensethatalotofpeoplenowwatchthatkindofcontentandfindwaystocutcostsintheirownlives,becausetheydon’twanttojustbuyanewitemanymoreandpaythecostofthetariff(关税).”MirandKoch,alifestyleandfashioncreatorwhohasover400,000followersonInstagram,saysshetriesnottooperatefromfear,butinsteadremainsadaptable,“whetherthatmeansshiftingpartnerships,orjustleaningdeeperintowhatmyaudienceisaskingfor.Whetherit’smorelightheartedhumorormorelifestylecontentandnotjustnecessarilysofocusedonselling.”Whilethereisuncertaintyofwhatthefuturewilllooklikeforcreatorsandtheirfollowers,forMirandKochonethingisclear:“Theonlythingthatneverchangesischange,andyoujusthavetoconstantlybeopen-mindedandadapttowhat’shappening—whichisascaryplacetobecomfortablewith.”12.Whatisthemainchallengecurrentlyfacingsocialmediainfluencers?A.Difficultyinattractingnewfollowers.B.Governmentregulationsonbrandpartnerships.C.IncreasedcompetitiononplatformslikeTikTok.D.Negativeaudiencereactionduetoeconomicstress.13.Whatdowelearnfromparagraph2?A.Brandsareworkingwithfewerinfluencersduetoconsumptiondecline.B.Anincreasingnumberofinfluencersareseekingforfinancialstability.C.Reducedconsumerspendingresultsfromfewerbrand-influencerpartnerships.D.Expertsareoptimisticabouttheprofessionaldevelopmentofinfluencers.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“toweatherthestorm”meaninparagraph3?A.Toavoidtheproblem. B.Toreducethedamages.C.Tosurvivethedifficulty. D.Topredicttheoutcome.15.WhatshouldinfluencersdoaccordingtoSamOgbornandMirandKoch?A.Shiftcontenttowardhumorousandlifestylethemes.B.Acceptchangesandadaptbasedonaudiencefeedback.C.Endbrandpartnershipsandfocusonaudiencerequests.D.Keepafixedcontentstyleandattractaudiencewithstability.【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了经济形势担忧给网红带来困难，其奢侈内容遭批评、品牌合作减少，专家和网红建议通过调整内容、保持适应性来应对困境。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Growingconcernsabouttheeconomicsituationarecreatingsignificantdifficultiesforsocialmediainfluencers(网红).Contentfeaturingluxurylifestyles,previouslypopularonplatformslikeTikTokandInstagram,nowfacescriticismfromaudiencesexperiencingfinancialstress.Accordingtoanationwidesurvey,54%ofAmericansholdnegativeviewstowardcurrenteconomicconditions,fuelingfrustrationtowarddisplaysofwealth.(对经济形势日益增长的担忧给社交媒体影响者带来了巨大的困难。以前在TikTok和Instagram等平台上流行的以奢侈生活方式为主题的内容，现在面临着经历经济压力的观众的批评。一项全国性调查显示，54%的美国人对当前的经济状况持负面看法，这加剧了人们对炫富的不满。)”以及第二段中“Thefinancialstabilityofinfluencersisthereforeincreasinglythreatened.(因此，影响者的财务稳定日益受到威胁。)”可知，文章开篇指出，在TikTok和Instagram等平台上流行的展示奢侈生活方式的内容，现在面临着处于经济压力中的观众的批评。接着提到品牌合作的变化以及影响者的财务稳定性受到威胁等。这表明社交媒体影响者目前面临的主要挑战是由于观众的经济压力而产生的负面反应。故选D项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Businessesnowsignificantlyreducecreatorinvolvementperadvertisingcampaign—fromovertwentyparticipantstosingle-digitnumbers—asconsumerspendingdecreases.(随着消费者支出的减少，企业现在明显减少了每个广告活动的创作者参与——从20多个参与者减少到个位数。)”可知，随着消费者支出减少，企业在每个广告活动中大幅减少了与创作者（影响者）的合作，从超过二十名参与者减少到个位数。这说明由于消费下降，品牌与更少的影响者合作。故选A项。【14题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Thefinancialstabilityofinfluencersisthereforeincreasinglythreatened.(因此，影响者的财务稳定日益受到威胁。)”提到影响者的财务稳定性受到威胁，面临困难。以及第三段划线短语句中“strategistSamOgbornencouragesinfluencerstotakeanunconventionalapproachbyredirectingtheircontentawayfromoverspendingandmoretowardembracingunderconsumption.(策略师萨姆·奥格本（SamOgborn）鼓励网红们采取一种非常规的方式，将他们的内容从过度消费转向消费不足。)”说策略师SamOgborn鼓励影响者采取非传统方法，将内容从过度消费转向适度消费。由此可知，划线短语“toweatherthestorm”在这里的意思应该是在这种困难情况下生存下来，C选项Tosurvivethedifficulty“在困难中生存”符合语境。故选C项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Toweatherthestorm,strategistSamOgbornencouragesinfluencerstotakeanunconventionalapproachbyredirectingtheircontentawayfromoverspendingandmoretowardembracingunderconsumption.(为了抵御这场风暴，策略师萨姆·奥格本（SamOgborn）鼓励网红们采取一种非常规的方式，将他们的内容从过度消费转向消费不足。)”以及第四段中“MirandKoch,alifestyleandfashioncreatorwhohasover400,000followersonInstagram,saysshetriesnottooperatefromfear,butinsteadremainsadaptable,“whetherthatmeansshiftingpartnerships,orjustleaningdeeperintowhatmyaudienceisaskingfor.(生活方式和时尚创作者米兰达·科赫（MirandKoch）在Instagram上拥有40多万粉丝。她说，她尽量不因恐惧而行事，而是保持适应能力，“不管这意味着改变合作伙伴关系，还是更深入地了解我的受众的需求。”)”可知，SamOgborn鼓励影响者改变内容方向以适应消费者需求，MirandKoch说要保持适应性，无论是改变合作关系还是深入了解观众需求。这都表明影响者应该接受变化并根据观众反馈进行调整。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtocommunicatewellwithPeoplefromOtherCulturesTobuildgoodrelationshipswithpeoplefromothercultures,itisessentialtolearnhowtocommunicatewiththem.Youcanmakethingseasierbyalsolearningabouttheircultureandpracticingtolerance.Armedwiththeknowledgeofhowtocommunicateeffectively,youcanlearnfrompeoplefromotherculturesandshareyourswiththem.Learnabouttheculturebeforehand.____16____Ifyouhavetimebeforestartingatripormeetingwithsomeonefromanotherculture,trytotaketimetolearnthebasic“do’sanddon’ts”ofthatculture.YoucanfindinformationonthisfrominternetsourcessuchasthoseprovidedbytheNationalCenterforCulturalCompetence.Expectdifferences.Differentcultureswillspeakatdifferentvolumes,bemoreorlessdirectinshowingemotion,mayormaynotexpecttoengagein“smalltalk,”andexhibitotherdissimilaritiesincommunication.____17________18____Keenyourfeetonthefloor,situpstraight,don’tuseyourarmstooexpressively,andotherwisekeepyourposturemoreorlessconservative.____19____Forinstance,showingyourfootinsomeculturesisseenasarudegesture,soyouwouldnotwanttocrossyourlegsinawaythatyoursolesticksout.Ifitbecomesclearthatalessformalpostureisacceptable,youcanfollowsuit.Speakclearlyandslowly,ifnecessary.Avoidshoutingunnecessarilyortreatothersasthoughtheydonotunderstand.Raisingyourvoicedoesnotmakeyoueasiertounderstandandcanbeseenasrude.____20____Communicationdifficultiesarisefromculturaldifferences,notbecauseofmattersofintelligence.A.DoastheRomansdo.B.Alittleknowledgecangoalongway.C.Itisverywiseofyoutoassumeaformalbodylanguage.D.It’sbettertoignoresmallculturaldifferencestoavoidoverthinking.E.Thisisbecausecertainbodylanguagecanbeseenasoffensivetoothers.F.Likewise,evenwithcommunicationdifficulties,don’ttreatothersasunintelligent.G.Whencommunicatingacrosscultures,bepreparedforsuchdifferences—evenunexpectedones.【答案】16.B17.G18.C19.E20.F【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了如何与来自不同文化背景的人进行有效沟通。【16题详析】上文“Learnabouttheculturebeforehand.(提前了解文化。)”是本段的主题句，强调了提前了解文化的重要性。B选项“Alittleknowledgecangoalongway.(一点知识就能起到很大作用。)”进一步解释了提前了解文化的作用，即即使是一点点的文化知识，也能在与不同文化背景的人交流时发挥很大作用，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。【17题详析】上文“Differentcultureswillspeakatdifferentvolumes,bemoreorlessdirectinshowingemotion,mayormaynotexpecttoengagein“smalltalk,”andexhibitotherdissimilaritiesincommunication.(不同的文化会以不同的音量说话，或多或少地直接表达情感，可能会或可能不会期望进行“闲聊”，并在交流中表现出其他差异。)”描述了不同文化在交流上的差异。G选项“Whencommunicatingacrosscultures,bepreparedforsuchdifferences—evenunexpectedones.(在进行跨文化交流时，要为这些差异做好准备——即使是意想不到的差异。)”承接上文，强调了在进行跨文化交流时，需要为这些文化差异做好准备，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。【18题详析】下文“Keenyourfeetonthefloor,situpstraight,don’tuseyourarmstooexpressively,andotherwisekeepyourposturemoreorlessconservative.(把脚放在地板上，坐直，不要过于夸张地使用手臂，保持姿势相对保守。)”描述了保持正式肢体语言的具体做法。C选项“Itisverywiseofyoutoassumeaformalbodylanguage.(你采用正式的肢体语言是非常明智的。)”引出下文，强调了采用正式肢体语言的重要性，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。【19题详析】上文“Keenyourfeetonthefloor,situpstraight,don’tuseyourarmstooexpressively,andotherwisekeepyourposturemoreorlessconservative.(把脚放在地板上，坐直，不要过于夸张地使用手臂，保持姿势相对保守。)”描述了保持正式肢体语言的具体做法。E选项“Thisisbecausecertainbodylanguagecanbeseenasoffensivetoothers.(这是因为某些肢体语言可能会被视为对他人不礼貌。)”解释了为什么要保持正式肢体语言的原因，即某些肢体语言可能会被视为对他人不礼貌，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。【20题详析】上文“Avoidshoutingunnecessarilyortreatothersasthoughtheydonotunderstand.Raisingyourvoicedoesnotmakeyoueasiertounderstandandcanbeseenasrude.(避免不必要地大喊大叫，或者像别人听不懂一样对待他们。提高嗓门并不会让你更容易被理解，反而会被视为粗鲁。)”建议避免不必要地提高嗓门或像别人听不懂一样对待他们，F选项“Likewise,evenwithcommunicationdifficulties,don’ttreatothersasunintelligent.(同样，即使沟通有困难，也不要把别人当笨蛋。)”承接上文，进一步强调在沟通有困难时，也不要把别人当笨蛋，且下文“Communicationdifficultiesarisefromculturaldifferences,notbecauseofmattersofintelligence.(沟通困难来自文化差异，而不是智力问题。)”对这样做的原因作出了解释说明。故选F项第三部分语言应用（共三节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Asanimmigrant,Iamfacedwithmanychallenges.____21____intotheunfamiliarcultureisoneofthem.____22____fromfamilybyover11,000kilometers,Irarelywentoutofmyhome,workingremotelyandgraduallybeingtrappedinlonelinessand___23___.Ialsostruggledwithunderstandingthelocalaccents—evenatriptoMcDonald’swouldendinembarrassment,asIcouldn’t____24____asinglewordfromthecashier,makingmefeellikeacluelessfool.Oneday,whendriving,anadvertisementforthelocalanimalsheltercaughtmyeye.Idecidedtovolunteerthere.Onmyfirstday,Iwasaskedtocleantheanimalcages.Thesmellwas____25____,andfurwaseverywhere,butIremindedmyselfthiswasastepto____26____.Next,Istartedfeedingthepets.Somescaredkittenshidunderthebeds,soIuseda____27____voiceandslowmovementstogentlygetthemout.Whenwalkingthedogs,Ihadtroublecommunicatingwithothervolunteersatfirst,astheiraccents____28____me.ButIkeptpracticing.Overweeks,Itookonmore____29____—bathingtheanimals,helpingvet(兽医)give____30____.Witheach____31____,myunderstandingofthelanguagegrew.Ievenjoinedmeetingstoshareideasfortheshelter.Volunteeringatthesheltersignificantly____32____myconfidence,helpingme____33____mynewhome.Italso____34____mydiscomfortwhendealingwithsicknessandmessysituations.Moreimportantly,itpushedmetostepoutofmycomfortzone,learn____35____,andadapttothenewenvironmentwithhope.21.A.Turning B.Investigating C.Putting D.Fitting22.A.Separated B.Protected C.Prevented D.Stopped23.A.annoyance B.joy C.depression D.gratitude24.A.makeup B.makeout C.makefor D.makesense25.A.pleasant B.familiar C.weak D.strong26.A.rest B.escape C.change D.reject27.A.soft B.sharp C.clear D.loud28.A.surprised B.confused C.encouraged D.moved29.A.hobbies B.plans C.tasks D.beliefs30.A.check-ups B.look-ups C.pick-ups D.wake-ups31.A.operation B.procedure C.meeting D.interaction32.A.wasted B.lifted C.decreased D.signaled33.A.miss B.seek C.embrace D.reflect34.A.lessened B.increased C.hid D.showed35.A.quickly B.passively C.continuously D.unwillingly【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.B25.D26.C27.A28.B29.C30.A31.D32.B33.C34.A35.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作为移民，作者面临融入文化等挑战，因孤独和语言障碍困扰，后在动物收容所做志愿者，提升信心、减轻不适，还学会持续学习以适应新环境。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：适应陌生的文化是其中之一。A.Turning转变成；B.Investigating调查；C.Putting放；D.Fitting适应。根据上文“Asanimmigrant,Iamfacedwithmanychallenges”以及下文“theunfamiliarcultureisoneofthem”可知，作为移民面临融入不熟悉文化的挑战。“fitinto”是固定短语，意为“适应，融入”。故选D项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：与家人相隔11000多公里，我很少走出家门，远程工作，逐渐陷入孤独和抑郁之中。A.Separated分离；B.Protected保护；C.Prevented阻止；D.Stopped停止。根据下文“byover11,000kilometers”可知是与家人分离。“beseparatedfrom”表示“与……分离”，为固定短语。故选A项。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：与家人相隔11000多公里，我很少走出家门，远程工作，逐渐陷入孤独和抑郁之中。A.annoyance烦恼；B.joy喜悦；C.depression沮丧，抑郁；D.gratitude感激。根据上文“trappedinloneliness”以及前文描述的困境可知，这里应是消极情绪。故选C项。【24题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我也很难理解当地的口音——甚至去麦当劳也会尴尬地结束，因为我听不出收银员说的一个字，让我觉得自己像个愚蠢的傻瓜。A.makeup组成，编造，化妆；B.makeout理解，辨认出；C.makefor走向，有助于；D.makesense有意义，讲得通。根据上文“Ialsostruggledwithunderstandingthelocalaccents—evenatriptoMcDonald’swouldendinembarrassment”可知，因为听不懂当地口音，所以在麦当劳听不懂收银员说的一个字。故选B项。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：气味很强烈，到处都是皮毛，但我提醒自己，这是改变的一步。A.pleasant令人愉快的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.weak微弱的；D.strong浓烈的。根据上文“Onmyfirstday,Iwasaskedtocleantheanimalcages.”可知，清理动物笼子，味道应该是浓烈的。故选D项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：气味很强烈，到处都是皮毛，但我提醒自己，这是改变的一步。A.rest休息；B.escape逃跑；C.change改变；D.reject拒绝。根据上文“ Idecidedtovolunteerthere.”和“Thesmellwas,andfurwaseverywhere”可知，作者决定做志愿者，所以打扫时候即使气味很强烈，到处都是皮毛也要坚持，因为这是改变的一步。故选C项。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一些受惊的小猫躲在床底下，所以我用轻柔的声音和缓慢的动作轻轻地把它们弄出来。A.soft温柔的，柔和的；B.sharp尖锐的；C.clear清晰的；D.loud大声的。根据上文“Somescaredkittenshidunderthebeds”可知，对于害怕的小猫，应该用温柔的声音。故选A项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：遛狗的时候，我一开始和其他志愿者交流有困难，因为他们的口音让我很困惑。A.surprised使惊讶；B.confused使困惑；C.encouraged鼓励；D.moved感动。根据前文提到“struggledwithunderstandingthelocalaccents”，可知，因为听不懂口音，所以其他志愿者的口音让作者困惑。故选B项。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：几个星期以来，我承担了更多的任务——给动物洗澡，帮助兽医做检查。A.hobbies爱好；B.plans计划；C.tasks任务；D.beliefs信念。根据下文“bathingtheanimals,helpingvet(兽医)give______.”可知，作者接下来承担了更多的任务，如给动物洗澡等。故选C项。【30题详析】考查名词短语辨析。句意：几个星期以来，我承担了更多的任务——给动物洗澡，帮助兽医做检查。A.check-ups检查；B.look-ups查找，查阅；C.pick-ups捡起，接载等；D.wake-ups叫醒。根据常识以及上文“bathingtheanimals,helpingvetgive…”可知，帮助兽医应该是进行检查。选A项。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着每一次互动，我对这门语言的理解都在增长。A.operation手术，操作；B.procedure程序，手续；C.meeting会议；D.interaction互动。根据下文“myunderstandingofthelanguagegrew”可知，每一次与他人或动物的互动，作者对语言的理解都在增长。故选D项。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在收容所做志愿者极大地提升了我的信心，帮助我拥抱我的新家。A.wasted浪费；B.lifted提升，举起；C.decreased减少；D.sign