2024-2025学年辽宁省重点高中联合体高二下学期期末检测英语试题

2024-2025学年辽宁省重点高中联合体高二下学期期末检测英语试题一、阅读理解(★★)WhyWeBuyThingsWeDon’tNeed?We’veallfeltthetemptingpullofimpulse(冲动)buying.Thisbehaviourspringsfromacombinationofpsychologicalreasons,socialinfluences,andclevermarketingtricksthatmakeittoughtosayno.Manyofusshoptoseekemotionalcomfort,fearingmissingoutonsomethingexcitingorseekingtheexcitementthatcomeswithscoringadeal.Eachoneofusisguiltyofcommittingtheactofbuyingsomethingwedonotneedatsomepointinourlivesorevenatthismoment.Nonetheless,youshouldnotfeelhopelesstodealwiththisbecausethefactthatyouarerecognizingtheproblemisalreadyafirststeptofixingitandmakingbetterfinancialdecisionstobetteryourfuture.Asyouslowlyimproveyourself,youwillsurelyreachyourgoalsoon.UseaPayAdvanceApptoHelpYouout.However,asyoudothis,youshouldnotbeblamedforbeinginapinch(困境).Whilerecoveringfromthelossandneedingmoneyforimportantthingsthistime,itisnicetohaveafallbackthatyoucancountonforyourproblem.That’swhyAustralia’sleadingwageadvanceappisavailabletoyoutoborrowmoneytopayforthethingsthatmatter.Getyouradvancepayupto$2,000anddividethebillintofourequalpayments.CheckouttheappnowontheAppStoreorGooglePlay.Foradditionalhelpinimprovingyourspendinghabits,youcanalwaysdownloadWagetap.Itisaleadingwageadvanceandbilldividingappthatallowsyoutoaccessyourpayearly.EmergenciescanalwayshappenandWagetapcanhelpyouhandlelife’sunexpectedexpenses.1.Whatisthefirststeptoovercomeimpulsebuying?

A．Ignoringtheproblem.B．Avoidingallpurchases.C．Borrowingmoneyimmediately.D．Beingawareofthebehavior.2.Whatistheauthor’sprimaryintention?

A．Toadvertiseaspecificapp.B．Tocriticizeoverconsumption.C．Toexplaineconomictheories.D．Topromoteinvestmentstrategies.3.Whomightbenefitmostfromthisapp?

A．Peoplewithnoincome.B．Thoseneedingemergencyfunds.C．Peoplewhoareseekingprofits.D．Thosewhotendtoshoponline.(★★★)AstheCivilWardrewtoaclose,tensofthousandsofmenweremissing.ClaraBartonandhersmallstaffoftheMissingSoldiersOfficewereabletolocateover22,000men,someofwhomwerestillalive.Ofthe22,000menlocatedbytheMissingSoldiersOffice,13,000wereinoneplace:AndersonvillePrison.Thesemenwerelocatedduetothewisdomandcourageofanothersoldier:Atwater.Asaprisoner,hewasresponsibleforburyingthemenwhopassedaway,andkeepingalistoftheirnamesandthelocationsoftheirgraves(坟墓).Atwatersecretlykeptacopyofthelistforhimself.Whenthewarended,hewantedtopublishthelist.HeultimatelyturnedtoClaratodoso.Togethertheynotonlypublishedthelistnaming13,000menwhodiedinAndersonville,theyensuredeachofthe13,000men’sgravesweremarked.In1868,ClarapackedupherthingsandheadedoffforEuropeandabreak.However,shedidn’trelax.Instead,shemetrepresentativesfromtheInternationalRedCrosswhoinspiredhertofoundtheAmericanRedCross.OncebackinAmerica,ClaradidfoundtheAmericanRedCross,andsettheprecedent(先例)thattheRedCrosswillrespondtonaturaldisasters,inadditiontowar.Claraalsoadvocated(主张)forAmericatoapprovetheGenevaConvention.Claraworkedtirelesslytoserveothersfortherestofherlife.SherespondedtotheJohnstownFloodandtheGalvestonHurricane.SheevenhelpedoutinArmeniaandCuba.SheservedaspresidentoftheAmericanRedCrossuntil1904,whenattheageof82sheresigned,andthenstartedtheNationalFirstAidAssociationofAmerica.Attheageofninety,ClaraBartondiedinherhomeinGlenEcho,Maryland.4.WhatcrucialactiondidAtwatertakeasaprisoner?

A．Writingwardiaries.B．Keepingsecretburialrecords.C．Organizingescapeattempts.D．Treatingwoundedsoldiers.5.WhatledClaraBartontoestablishtheAmericanRedCross?

A．HerexperienceintheCivilWar.B．BeinginspiredbyAtwater’sheroicdeeds.C．MeetingInternationalRedCrossrepresentatives.D．TheJohnstownFloodandtheGalvestonHurricane.6.WhichwordscanbestdescribeClaraBarton?

A．Responsibleanddevoted.B．Strictandmodest.C．Quietandwell-behaved.D．Ambitiousandcompetitive.7.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?

A．ThehistoryoftheGenevaConvention.B．ThebadconditionsatAndersonvillePrison.C．ClaraBarton’smeaningfulworkaftertheCivilWar.D．ComparisonsbetweenClaraBarton’sandAtwater’swork.(★★★)Describedasbottledpoetry,wineisoneofourwonderfulcreations.NothingconveysthatbetterthanthegreatflavorofNewZealand’swines.However,NewZealand’swineindustrystruggleswithissueslikepesticide(杀虫剂)use,waterconsumption,greenhousegasemissions,andclimatechangeimpactslikedroughtsanddisease.Fortunately,theSustainableWinegrowingNewZealand(SWNZ)programoffershopebyimprovingtheindustry’senvironmentalpractices.Firstlaunchedin1995,SWNZwasoneoftheworld’sfirstsustainabilitycertificationsforwinemakers.Sincethen,it’sbeenwidelyadopted.Membersoftheprogrammustsubmitannualreportsandundergoindependentexamination.Besidesitscommitmenttoenvironmentalhealth,theprogramalsofocusesonemployeesworkingintheindustry,climateaction,waterconservation,wastereductionandsoilhealth.Over90%ofNewZealand’svineyards(葡萄园)participate,showingtheindustry’scommitment.Whileonlyasmallpercentageofthesevineyardsarefullyorganic,mostofthemuseeco-friendlypestcontrol.Forexample,theycutoffvinestoincreaseairflowandsunlighttoreducediseasesnaturally.Theyremovesomeleavessometimestoimprovesoilandsavewater.Besides,theyturntoSWNZforhelptopreventthespreadofunwanteddiseases.Wineproductionalsocausesotherenvironmentalimpacts.Alotofwaterisneededduringtheprocess.Therefore,mostofvineyardshavepracticestoreducewateruse,includingrecyclingcleaningwaterandpurchasingnewequipmentforbetterwateruse.Togetherwithwine,lotsofwasteisproducedintheformofgrapeskins,seedsandstems.Mostvineyardscompost(把……制成堆肥)thiswaste,spreaditbacktotheearth,orturnitintofeedforlivestock.NewZealand’swineindustry,thoughsmall,hasglobalinfluence.In2024,exportsreached$2.1billion,makingitthecountry’ssixth-largestexport.Bytakingsmall,consistentsteps—likelighterpackagingandcarbonreduction—theindustryaimstobalancequalitywinewithahealthierplanet.Asclimatechallengesgrow,SWNZ’smodelofferslessonsforindustriesworldwide.8.WhatistheSWNZprogramworkingon?

A．Creatingbestwineworldwide.B．Employingworkersforwineyards.C．Awardingcertificatestoskillfulwinemakers.D．Controllingtheenvironmentalimpactsofwinemaking.9.Whatdoweknowaboutthevineyardsfromtheexamplesinparagraph3?

A．Mostofthemarefullyorganic.B．Eco-friendlymethodsarewidelyused.C．Thefarmersgainmoreprofits.D．Unwanteddiseaseshavebeentotallyprevented.10.WhichpracticehasbeenwidelyadoptedinNewZealand?

A．Usingwatermoreefficiently.B．Applyingpesticidetoreducediseases.C．Reducingwasteinwineproduction.D．Raisingmoneyforbuyingnewequipment.11.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A．InfluenceofNewZealand’sWinemakersB．BenefitsfromNewZealand’sWineIndustryC．DevelopmentalchallengesofWineProductionD．SustainableSolutionsinNewZealand’sWineIndustry(★★★)AteamofresearchersinChinahasfoundawaytobringdeadlithium-ion(锂)batteriesbacktolife,potentiallyreducingboththeamountofwastethat’squicklypilingupfromspentelectricvehicle(EV)batteriesandtheneedtoproduceasmanynewones.Theamountofspentlithium-ionbatteriesthatneedtodealwithisexpectedtorisesharplyfromanestimateof900,000metrictonsthisyearto20.5millionmetrictonsby2040,accordingtoareportreleasedbytheUnitedNationsDevelopmentProgramlastSeptember.SoGao,achemistatFudanUniversityinShanghaiandhiscolleagueswantedtofindamolecule(分子)thatcouldrefilladeadcellbyaddingitwithlithiumions.Theresearchersusedanartificialintelligencemodeltrainedontherulesofchemistry.Theyfeditadatabaseofelectrochemicalreactionsandhaditlookformoleculesthatwouldmeettheirrequirements,suchasdissolvingwellinanelectrolyte(电解质)solutionandbeingrelativelycheaptoproduce.Themodelrecommendedthreecandidates,andtheteamidentifiedoneofthem,asaltcalledlithiumtrifluoromethanesulfinate(LiSO2CF3),asideal.Gaoandhiscolleaguesfoundthatthechemicalmixturecouldsignificantlyextendthelifetimeofalithiumironphosphate(LFP)batterycell.AnLFPbatterythatpowersanEVcantypicallybechargedandthendischargedabout2,000timesbeforeitisconsidered“dead”(whenitscapacityisbelowthe80percentmark).Byaddingtheelectrolytewheneverthebatterynearedthatthreshold,theteamwasabletorestoremostofthecell’scapacityeachtime—anditcarriedonworkingalmostaswellasanewbattery.Bytheendoftheexperiment,thecellregained96percentcapacityafternearly12,000charge-dischargecycles.Afollow-upexperimentshowedthemethodalsoworkedonNMC(nickel,manganeseandcobalt)lithium-ionbatteries,Gaosays.FudanUniversityiscurrentlyworkingwithChina-basedbattery-materialmakertocommercializethemethod.Gaoimaginesawidespreadsystemof“battery-boostingstations”whereEVownerswillbeabletobringdeadpowersourcestobefixed.12.Whatisthepurposeofthesecondparagraph?

A．Tocriticizepoorrecyclingefforts.B．Toexplainbatteryrecyclingchemistry.C．Toshowbatterywasteproblemandresearchaim.D．Toleadinatopicofanewbatteryproductionmethod.13.Howdidtheresearchersfindtherightchemicalforbatteries?

A．Throughusingcomputeranalysis.B．Throughtryingeverypossiblesalt.C．Bycopyingoldresearchmethods.D．Bydoingregularscientificexperiments.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“threshold”inparagraph4mean?

A．Peak.B．Wavelength.C．Tune.D．Limit.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A．ThetechnologyisalreadyusedinallEVs.B．Marketapplicationrequiresbusinesspartnerships.C．FudanUniversitywillworkaloneonthisproject.D．Thesystemonlyworksforexperimentalbatteries.(★★★)TheDragonBoatFestivalismarkedbyavarietyofculturalpracticesandfoodsthatvarybyregion.16ThesenotonlyhonorQuYuanbutalsoserveasadisplayofteamworkandcommunityspirit.Zongzi,orstickyricedumplingswrappedinbambooorreedleaves,areamainfoodduringthefestival.Thesedumplingscanhavesweetorsaltyfillings,withvariationsseenacrossdifferentregionsofChina.Consumingrealgar(雄黄)wineisanothertraditionassociatedwiththeDragonBoatFestival.Historically,thispracticewasbelievedtodriveoffevilspiritsanddisease.Thewineconsistsoffermentedcereals(发酵谷物)andpowderedrealgar.17Topreventdiseasesandkeepawayinsects,homesareoftendecoratedwithplantslikemugwort(艾草).Theseplantsarebelievedtohaveprotectiveproperties,matchingwiththefestival’sthemesofhealthandsafety.OntheDragonBoatFestival,childrennormallywearscentedsachets(香囊)withfive-colorsilkstringtokeepawayevil.Ascentedsachetisadecorationwornonthefrontofthedress.Itisusuallywrappedinasilkclothandsometimesdecoratedwithbeautifulpatterns.Multicolorsilkthreadsareattachedtothesachetasdecorativestrings.18TheDragonBoatFestivalisrootedinChineseculture.19Aroundtheworld,particularlyincountrieswithlargeChinesecommunities,thefestivaliscelebratedwithdragonboatracesandculturalevents.IntheUnitedStates,citieslikeNewYorkandSanFranciscohostdragonboatfestivalsthatdrawparticipantsfromdiversebackgrounds,celebratingboththesportanditsculturalorigins.TheDragonBoatFestivalhasbeenrecognizedasaUNESCOintangibleculturalheritage,highlightingitsculturalsignificanceandtheneedtopreservetraditionalpractices.20Thefestival’simpactisevidentinitsabilitytobringpeopletogether,creatingasenseofunityandsharedheritage.

A．InChina,itiscelebratedasapublicholiday.B．However,itsinfluenceextendsbeyondChina.C．Someofthekeyelementsareincludedasfollows.D．Dragonboatracesarethecenterpieceofthefestival.E．Itisconsideredbothamedicinalandprotectivedrink.F．TheseoldscentedsachetsoriginatedfromthewisdomofancientChina.G．InsomeareasofChina,itisalsousedasagiftbetweenyounglovers.二、完形填空(★★★)MydreammethardrealitywhenIfailedmytargetschool’sPh.D.entranceexam.NearlyallmyfriendsandprofessorsadvisedmetoputmyPh.D._________asideandacceptanidealpositionIhadbeenoffered.ButIdecidedtofollowa(n)_________path:applyingabroadfordoctoralprograms.AsItooktheEnglishtestsseveraltimesbutnever_________highenough,myself-doubtgrew.Despitethesetbacks(挫折),thefearofabigger_________—beingjoblessthefollowingyear—motivatedmetokeeptrying.Eventually,Ipassedthetestsandwas_________tobeacceptedintoadoctoralprogramintheUnitedStates.Oncethere,Iwasfacedwithevenmorechallenges.Inparticular,_________provedtobeverydifficult.Ioftenwouldn’tunderstandwhysomethingwas_________evenaspeoplearoundmelaughed.The_________mademehesitanttoattendsocialevents,butmyheartcalledonmetonotstoptrying.OntheeveofthePh.D.commencement(毕业典礼),I_________thatbytryingagainandagain,Ihaveunlockedmy_________.Tryingdoesnotalwaysleadtoidealresults,whichcanbefrustrating.However,byfollowingmy_________,IdevelopedaclearerviewofhowIneededtoadapt.ByfocusingmoreonwhatIachievedandlessonwhatI_________,Ilearnedtoenjoytheprocessoftryingandtheunexpectedopportunitiesit_________,regardlessofhowdifferenttheywerefrommyinitial_________.Withouttheattemptsandadjustments,Iwouldnothavefoundmyrightplaceintheworldand_________thepersonIwantedtobe.21.A．benefitsB．worriesC．ambitionsD．opinions22.A．riskierB．easierC．broaderD．stranger23.A．jumpedB．feltC．threwD．scored24.A．stormB．failureC．interviewD．doubt25.A．thrilledB．astonishedC．puzzledD．inspired26.A．transformingB．accommodatingC．communicatingD．gathering27.A．religiousB．funnyC．pureD．familiar28.A．discussionB．admissionC．participationD．frustration29.A．realizedB．regrettedC．explainedD．recommended30.A．greedB．potentialC．secretD．fear31.A．suspectB．imaginationC．analysisD．heart32.A．forgotB．consumedC．missedD．enjoyed33.A．demonstratedB．storedC．madeD．brought34.A．achievementsB．expectationsC．impressionsD．experiments35.A．learnedfromB．caredaboutC．grownintoD．comeacross三、语法填空(★★★)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheSecondNortheastChinaBookFair36(conclude)onMondayinChangchun,JilinProvince,thankstotheincreasingemphasisonreadingacrossthecountry.Thefive-dayeventfeaturedover700culturalcompanies,37coveredanexhibitionareaof30,000squaremeters,nearly50percent38(large)thanthefirstyear.Showingmorethan400,000publications(出版物),thefairattracted4.5milliononlineandofflinevisitors,with39accumulatedtradingamountofnearly234millionyuan($32.41million).Thefair40(divide)intofourmainthemedpavilions(展馆)and12exhibitionareas,featuringover140supporting41(activity),includingvariousliteraryexchangeevents.42(additional),18parallelvenues(平行场馆)weresetupin12citiesandcountiesintheprovince.ThosevenuesincludelocalXinhuabookstoresandmuseumsliketheJilinProvincialMuseumandPanshiCityAnti-JapaneseStruggleMemorialHall,aiming43(promote)readingamongthepublicandprovidecitizensandtouristswithacloserreadingexperience.“Thefairisnotonlyaregionalculturalevent44animportantplatformforrenewingNortheasternculture,”saidZhangHao,vice-chairmanoftheJilinProvincialNetworkWritersAssociation.“Viathebooks,itbridgesthegapbetweenauthors,readers,and45(publish)institutions.”四、书信写作(★★★)46.假定你是李华，你们班正在开展一个关于“物质财富是否等同幸福”的讨论活动。请你给你的外教老师Mr.Smith写一封邮件，邀请他参加并请他分享观点。内容包括：1.活动时间及地点；2.讨论的主题；3.请他分享个人观点。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。DearMr.Smith,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua五、书面表达(★★★)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Forthepastfiveyears,ourfamilyoffourhasbeenvisitingSunshineCafe,acomfortablelittlecoffeeshoplocatedjusttwoblocksfromourhouse.WhatbeganassimpleweekendtreatsslowlyturnedintoourcherishedSaturdaymorningtradition.Everyweek,withoutfail,wewouldgatheratourfavoritespot,sharingstoriesandlaughteroversteamingcupsofcoffeeandfreshlybakedpastries.Thecafeholdsaspecialplaceinourhearts,especiallybecauseofhowwelcomingthestaffhavealwaysbeentomyyoungersisterLily,whohasDownsyndrome(唐氏综合征).Whenshefirststartedcomingtothecafe,shewasfascinatedbyeverythingaroundher.Now,at14,shestillloveschattingwiththestaff,whoalwayslistentoherwithgenuineinterestandpatience.Theirkindnesshasmadeherfeelathome,andit’soneofthereasonswekeepcomingback.SunshineCafeisn’tverylarge.Butsomehow,theroundcornertablebythebookshelfbecame“ourtable”.Thebaristas(咖啡师)wouldalwaysgreetuswithacheerful“Yourspotisready!”evenifwenevermadereservat