2025年护士执业资格考试题库（内科护理学专项）-护理专业英语词汇测试试题

2025年护士执业资格考试题库（内科护理学专项）——护理专业英语词汇测试试题考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______一、词汇配伍（请将下列英文单词与最恰当的中文解释连接起来）1.Hypertension2.Bradycardia3.Dyspnea4.Anginapectoris5.Myocardialinfarction6.Palpitations7.Edema8.Thrombolytictherapy9.Angiotensin-convertingenzyme(ACE)10.Chronicobstructivepulmonarydisease(COPD)A.心肌梗死B.心率减慢C.药物溶解血栓的治疗D.血管紧张素转换酶E.心前区疼痛F.心悸G.呼吸困难H.高血压I.水肿J.慢性阻塞性肺疾病二、选择题（请选择最恰当的英文单词或短语填空）1.Thepatientreports______(painful/pleasant)discomfortinthechestarea.2.Vitalsigns,includingbloodpressure,pulse,and______(respirationrate/respirationquality),weremonitoredeveryfourhours.3.Thenurseadministeredthemedicationto______(relieve/alleviate)thepatient'sangina.4.______(Exacerbation/Worsening)ofcoughandsputumproductionrequiresassessmentforrespiratorydeterioration.5.Thepatientisatriskfor______(deepveinthrombosis/shallowveinthrombosis)duetoprolongedimmobility.6.______(Cardiopulmonaryresuscitation/Basiclifesupport)techniquesweredemonstratedtoallstaffmembers.7.Thepatient'sbloodglucoselevelwas______(elevated/lowered)afterthemeal.8.______(Nephroticsyndrome/Nephriticsyndrome)ischaracterizedbyheavyproteinuriaandedema.9.ThenurseexplainedthepurposeoftheACEinhibitormedicationinmanagingthepatient'sheartfailure.10.Thepatient'soxygensaturationimprovedafterthe______(nasalcannula/facemask)wasadjusted.三、词形转换（请将下列单词转换成指定形式）1.Add*respirate*(presentparticiple)2.*Monitor*(third-personsingularpresenttense)3.*Edema*(pluralform)4.*Hypertension*(adjectiveform)5.*Infarction*(greekrootmeaning"tissuedeath")四、英译汉（请将下列英文短语或短句翻译成中文）1.24-hoururinecollection2.Echocardiogram3.Oxygensaturation(SpO2)4.Cardiaccatheterization5.Portableoxygencylinder五、汉译英（请将下列中文短语或短句翻译成英文）1.生命体征监测2.心律不齐3.肺部啰音4.血液透析5.长期医嘱试卷答案一、词汇配伍1.H2.B3.G4.E5.A6.F7.I8.C9.D10.J解析思路：1.Hypertension：高血压，直接对应中文解释H。2.Bradycardia：心率减慢，对应中文解释B。3.Dyspnea：呼吸困难，对应中文解释G。4.Anginapectoris：心前区疼痛，对应中文解释E。5.Myocardialinfarction：心肌梗死，对应中文解释A。6.Palpitations：心悸，对应中文解释F。7.Edema：水肿，对应中文解释I。8.Thrombolytictherapy：药物溶解血栓的治疗，对应中文解释C。9.Angiotensin-convertingenzyme(ACE)：血管紧张素转换酶，对应中文解释D。10.Chronicobstructivepulmonarydisease(COPD)：慢性阻塞性肺疾病，对应中文解释J。二、选择题1.painful2.respirationrate3.relieve4.Exacerbation5.deepveinthrombosis6.Basiclifesupport7.elevated8.Nephroticsyndrome9.ACEinhibitor10.nasalcannula解析思路：1.Thepatientreports______(painful/pleasant)discomfortinthechestarea.根据语境，心前区不适应为疼痛，选择painful。2.Vitalsigns,includingbloodpressure,pulse,and______(respirationrate/respirationquality),weremonitoredeveryfourhours.生命体征通常监测呼吸频率、血压、心率等，选择respirationrate。3.Thenurseadministeredthemedicationto______(relieve/alleviate)thepatient'sangina.给药目的是缓解心绞痛，relieve更强调彻底解除，alleviate强调减轻，此处relieve更合适。4.______(Exacerbation/Worsening)ofcoughandsputumproductionrequiresassessmentforrespiratorydeterioration.加重咳嗽和痰液产生需要评估呼吸恶化，exacerbation是医学上正式的“加重”术语，对应中文解释。5.Thepatientisatriskfor______(deepveinthrombosis/shallowveinthrombosis)duetoprolongedimmobility.长时间不动易导致深静脉血栓形成，deepveinthrombosis是特定病症名称。6.______(Cardiopulmonaryresuscitation/Basiclifesupport)techniquesweredemonstratedtoallstaffmembers.对所有员工演示的是基础生命支持技术，Cardiopulmonaryresuscitation是高级生命支持。7.Thepatient'sbloodglucoselevelwas______(elevated/lowered)afterthemeal.餐后血糖水平通常会升高，选择elevated。8.______(Nephroticsyndrome/Nephriticsyndrome)ischaracterizedbyheavyproteinuriaandedema.重度蛋白尿和水肿是肾病综合征的特点，对应Nephroticsyndrome。9.ThenurseexplainedthepurposeoftheACEinhibitormedicationinmanagingthepatient'sheartfailure.解释的是血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂药物，全称ACEinhibitor。10.Thepatient'soxygensaturationimprovedafterthe______(nasalcannula/facemask)wasadjusted.调整鼻导管可以改善血氧饱和度，nasalcannula指鼻导管。三、词形转换1.respirating2.monitors3.edemas4.hypertensive5.cardio-解析思路：1.Add*respirate*(presentparticiple):respirate的现在分词是respiring，但更常用的与add搭配的结构是直接加动词-ing形式，即respirating。2.*Monitor*(third-personsingularpresenttense):monitor的第三人称单数现在时是monitors。3.*Edema*(pluralform):edema的复数形式是edemas。4.*Hypertension*(adjectiveform):hypertension的形容词形式是hypertensive。5.*Infarction*(greekrootmeaning"tissuedeath"):infarction来自希腊词根infarct，意为“梗死”，其根意为“死亡”，即tissuedeath，对应rootcardio-。四、英译汉1.24小时尿收集2.超声心动图3.血氧饱和度（SpO2）4.心导管插入术5.便携式氧气瓶解析思路：1.24-hoururinecollection：直接翻译为24小时尿收集。2.Echocardiogram：超声检查心脏的图像，医学上称为超声心动图。3.Oxygensaturation(SpO2)：指血液中氧气的饱和程度，医学上缩写为SpO2，翻译为血氧饱和度。4.Cardiaccatheterization：将导管插入心脏进行检查或治疗的操作，翻译为中心导管插入术，常简化为心导管插入术。5.Portableoxygencylinder：可随身携带的氧气钢瓶，翻译为便携式氧气瓶。五、汉译英1.Vitalsignsmonitoring2.Irregularheartbeat3.Lung啰音4.Hemodialysis5.Long-termorders解析思路：1.生命体征监测：生命体征(vitalsigns)是医学常