牛津深圳版八年级英语上册语法讲义：Unit1不定代词

Unitl：不定代词

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不定代词

不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语。

I•不定代词包括：

all,both,every,each,either,neither,more,(a)little,(a)few,much,many,another,

other,some,any,one

以及some,something,anything,everything,somebody,someone,anybody,anyone,

nothing,nobody,

noone,none,everybody,everyone.等。一般来讲，修饰不定代词的词要置于其

后。

II,不定代词用法为：

不定代词+(of+限定词)+名词

注意：of后一定要有限定词

both,all可以直接接限定词the

炉误点二

m.几组常用不定代词的区别：

1.代词比较one,that和it

one表示泛指，指名称相同的另一物，或所提到的人或物中的一个。that和it表

示特指。that与所指名词为同类，但不是同一个.而it与所指名词为同一个。

Ican'tfindmyhat.IthinkImustbuyone.

ThehatyouboughtisbiggerthanthatIbought.

Ican'tfindmyhat.Idon*tknowwhereIputit.

2.some与any的区别

1)some多用于肯定句，表示“一些，几个”作形容词时，后面可以接

①不可数名词+单数动词；②可数名词+复数动词。

Look!Someofthestudentsarecleaningthelibrary.

Somericeinthebaghasbeensoldout.

2)any多用于疑问句、条件句和否定句中，表示“一些，任何”用作形容词时，

后面可以接①不可数名词+单数动词；②可数名词+复数动词。

Haveyougotanytea?

Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleaseaskme.

Thereisn'tanyorangeinthebottle.

3)any和some也可以作代词用，表示“一些”。any多用于疑问句或否定句中，

some多用于肯定句中。

Howmanypeoplecanyouseeinthepicture?

Ican'tseeany.

Ifyouhavenomoney,I'lllendyousome.

注意；与some,any结合的词如something,somebody,someone,anything,anyone,

anybody在肯定句、否定句、疑问句、条件句中的用法，大致和some,any的用

法相同。

注意：something,everything,nothing,anything,somebody,everybody,nobody(=no

one),anybody,none

3.few,afew,little,alittle在用法上的区别

1)(a)few+可数名词，(a)little+不可数名词

2)afew/alittle为肯定含义，还有一点

3)few/little为否定含义，没有多少了。

Hehasafewfriends.他有几个朋友。

Hehasfewfriends.他几乎没有朋友。

Wcstillhavealittletime.我们还有点时间。

Thereislittletimeleft.几乎没剩下什么时间了。

4)固定搭配：

onlyafew(=few)notafew(=many)quiteafew(=many)

manya(=many)

Manybooksweresold.

Manyabookwassold.

5)alit加和little也可以用作副词,alittle表示“有点,稍微“，lilUe表示“很少”。

I'malittlehungry.(修饰形容词hungry)

Lethimsleepalitlle.(修饰动词sleep)

Mary,goalittlefaster,please.(修饰副词比较级)

Shesleptverylittlelastnight.

4.other,theother,another,others,theothers的区别。

用法代名词形容词

单数复数单数复数

不定anotherothersanother(boy)other(boys)

5.every和each的用法

1)every强调全体的概念，each强调个体概念。

Everystudentinourschoolworkshard.

book..chstudentmayhaveonebook..

2)every指三个以上的人或物(含三个)，each指两个以上的人或物(含两个)。

3)every不可以作状语，each可作状语。

4)every有反复重复的意思，如everytwoweeks等；each没有。

5)every与not连用，表示部分否定；each利not连用表示全部否定。

Everymanisnothonest.

Eachmanisnothonest.

6.all和both的用法。

1）all和both都表示整体，但all都，指三者以上。both都，指两者。在句中

都可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语和定语。

AllofuslikeMr.Pope.我们都喜欢Pope先生。（作主语）

=WealllikeMr.Pope.（作同位语）

Allthewaterhasbeenusedup.（作主语）

That'sallfortoday.（作表语）

Whynoteatall（of）thefish?（作宾语）

hcrc./Allleadersarchcre./Allknowledgeesfrompractice.（作定语）

2）both和all加否定词是部分否定。如果表示全部否定，要分别用neither和

none0

「Bothofusarenotgoodatsinging.

Neitherofusisgoodatsinging.

Alloftheteachersarenotforeigners.

Noneoftheteachersareforeigners..

注意：all与none用法一样。跟单数名词，用单数动词；跟复数名词，用复数动

词。

Allofthestudentsarethere.

All(of)themilkisthere.

7.neither与nor的用法

1)如前句是否定式从句，则主句用neither,而不用nor。

Ifyoudon'tdoit,neithershouldI.如果你不干，我也不干。

2)如后连续有几个否定句式，则用nor,不用neithcro

Hecan'tsing,nordance,norskate.

8.neither和either的用法

1)neither表示"两者都不”,neither...nor...意为*，既不…又不…”。

either表示“两者中的任何一个"，either...or...意为“或是……,或是……”

Neitheroftheanswerisright.

Ihaveneithertimenormoneytotakeatrip.

Eithersentenceisright.

Youcaneithergoorstay.

9.many,much的用法

Many,much都意为"许多"，many+可数名词，much+不可数名词。

Howmanypeoplearethereatthemeeting?

Manyoftheworkerswereatthemeeting.

10.anyone/anyone；noone/none的用法

1）anyone和anyone

anyone仅指人，anyone既可指人，也可指物。

2）noone和none

a）none后跟of短语，既可指人又可指物，而noone只单独使用，只指人。

b）none作主语，谓语动词用单，复数均可，而noone作主语谓语动词只能

是单数。

Noneofyoucouldliftit.你们中没有人可举起它。

Didanyonecallmeupjustnow?刚才有人打电话给我吗？

Noone.没有。

11、代词it的用法：

1）指代前面提到过的事物。如：

Ofcourse,Ilovejunkfoodtoo,but1trytocatitonlyonceaweek.

2）用来代替指示代词this或that。如：

What'sthis?

Ifsapencil.

3）指婴儿或不明身份的人。如：

Someoneisknockingatthedoor,pleasegoandseev/hoitis.

4）指时间和季节。如：

What'sthetimenow?

It'steno'clock.

5）表天气。如：

What'stheweatherliketoday?

It'ssunny.

6)表距离。如：

Howfarisitfromyourhometoyourschool?

7)用作形式主语，常用于下列句型中：

a.Itisadj.+(forsb)todosth.如：

Itisimportantforustoworkhard.

b.Ifstimetodo/for/that…如:

Ifstimetogetup/fbrlunch/fthatwewenthome.

c.Itseemsthat...

Itseemsthatheisquitehappy.

d.Ifsone'sturntodo...

It'syourturntoanswermyquestion.

e.Ifs+adj.+that・・•如：

Il'snecessarythatyoushouldbepresentatthemeeting.

8)作形式宾语。如:

Doyouthinkitnecessarytolearntowaitinline?

9)引导强调句型wItis/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分”。如:

Itwasyesterdaythatwewenttoseeafilm.

当堂练习

一.Choosethebestanswer

()1.Thisisaveryoldsong,soyoungpeopleknowit.

A:fewB:littlec:afewD:alittle

)2.Thetwofishermensawintheskywhiletheywerefishingbyariver.

A:somethingslrangeB:anythingstrange

C:strangesomethingD:strangeanything

)3.Therearen'tmanyorangeshere,butyoucantakeifyouwantto.

A:fewB:afewC:alittleD:little

)4.Therearetwentyteachersinthisgrade.Eightofthemarewomenteachers

andarementeachers.

A:theotherB:theothersC:othersD:other

)5.Mysportsshoesaretoosmall.Iwanttobuypair.

A:theothersB:theotherC:otherD:another

)6.1didn'tlikethecrosstalk.oftheactorswasfunny.

A:BothB:AHC:NeitherD:Either

)7.ofushasreadthestory.

A:SomeB:BothC:AllD:None

)8.Studentsareusuallyinterestedinsports.Somelikerunning,somelike

swimming,likeballgames.

A:theothersB:olhersC:theotherD:other

)9.TherearemanyhighrisesonsideofHuaihaiRoad.Whata

magnificentview!

A:eitherB:neitherC:bothD:all

)10.ShanghaiWaihuantunnelisalreadyopentotraffic,soitwilllakeus

timetogotoPudongInternationalAirport.

A:afewB:fewerC:alittleD:less

)11.Notlongago,ourcountrysetuparocketwithtwosmallsatellitesintospace.

Oneweighed204kilosand25kilos.

A:anotherB:otherC:othersD:theother

)12.Inordertokeephealthy,youshouldeatfastfood,fresh

vegetablesandtakeenoughexercise.

A:fewer;fewerB:less;moreC:fewer:moreD:less;less

)13.LiuXiangandYaoMingareworldfamoussportsstars.ofthemhave

setagoodexampletous.

A:AllB:NeitherC:BothD:None

)14.Mr.Smithisquitebusytoday.Hehasmeetingstoattend.

A:liuleB:alittleC:fewD:afew

).15.Obeythetrafficrulesandlearntoprotectyourself.ismore

importantthanlife.

A:NothingB:SomethingC:EverythingD:Anything

)16.Canwedoourworkbetterwithmoneyandpeople?

A:less,fewB:less,fewerC:little;,lessD:few,less

)17.HehastwoflatsinLondon.However,isnew.

A:bothB:neitherC:allD:none

)18.Thereiswithyourwatch.Itgetsslowereveryday.

A:nothingwrongB:somethingwrong

C:wrongsomethingD:wrongnothing

)19.Itseemsthathehasgottoshowus.Let'sgoandenjoyit.

A:somethinginterestingB:interestingsomething

C:nothingsomethingD:interestingnothing

)20.ofyouranswersisright.Pleasetryathirdtime.

A:NeitherB:NoneC:EitherD:Both

)21.KathyAliceathomelastSunday.

A:Neither,nor,wereB:Both,and,was

C:Either,or,wasD:Notonly,butalso,were

)22.ofthewinnershasbeenawardedaprize.

A:EveryB:everyoneC:EachD:Both

)23.Thereisinkinmypen.Wouldyougiveme?

A:little,alittleB:alittle,littleC:few,afewC:afew,few

)24.Thedaysinwinterareshorterthaninsummer.

A:thoseB:thatC:theseD:them

)25.Theydon'tgotoEuropefbrholiday,.

A:neitherwillweB:neitherdoweC:sowillweD:sowewill

)26.Ilmustbeyourfirsttimetomeeteachother.Letmedotheintroduction.

isMr.Smith.

A:HeB:ThereC:ThisD:That

)27.I'mhungry.Iwanttocat.cando.

A:something,SomethingB:anything,Anything

C:something,AnythingD:anything,Something

)28.ofuslikesthissonginourclass.

A:NoneB:NooneC:AllD:Both

)29.1haveasisterandtwobrothers.ofthemarenowinJapan.

A:BothB:EveryoneC:EitherD:All

)30.Isthereanywaterinthebottle?No,.

A:noneB:nothingC:nolmanyD:quiteafew

（）31.Herworkisbetterthaninourclass.

A:anyoneB:anyone'sC:anyone'selseD:anyoneelse's

（）32.Whichdoyouprefer,theredoneorthegreenone?

A:NoneB:AnyC:EitherD:Every

（）33.isinterestedinsuchasillyplay.

A:NooneB:NoneofusC:AllofusD:Weall

二.Rewritethesentencesasrequired

1.BothTomandTimaregoodatsports.（改为否定句）

TomTimgoodatsports.

2.Thisproblemissodifficultthatnobodycanworkitout.（保持原意）

Thisproblemisdifficultfortoworkout.

3.Allofthemareteachers.（改为否定句）

ofthemateacher.

4.Thisansweriswrong.Thatanswerisalsowrong.（保持句意）

thisanswerthatoneisright.

三、用some,any,no,every与thing,one,body构成的复合不定代词填空。

1.Don'tworry.Thereiswrongwithyou.

2.Ifyoudon'ttellaboutit,willknow.

3.—Canyouhear?

—Yes,butIcan'tsee.

4.Pleaseget__readyatonce.We'llgoatnineo'clock.

5.Wouldyoulike__toeat?

6.Istherehere?Iwantsomehelp.

7.Listen!ising.

课后巩固

一、单项选择

1.-Wow!You'vegotsomanyclothes.

Butofthemisinfashionnow.

A.allB.bothC.neitherD.none

2.Charleswasaloneathome,withlookingafterhim.

A.someoneB.anyoneC.notoneD.noone

3.Janewasaskedalotofquestions,butshedidn'tanswerofthem.

AotherBanyCnoneDsome

4.TheCDsareonsale!Buyoneandyougetpletelyfree.

A.otherB.othersC.oneD.ones

5.Overthepast20years,theInternethelpedc