2022北京首都师大附中高一12月月考英语（教师版）

第1页/共1页2022北京首都师大附中高一12月月考英语本试卷共10页，70分。考试时长60分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分：知识运用(共两节，32分)第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Nooneisbornawinner.Peoplemakethemselvesintowinnersbytheirown____1____.Ilearnedthislessonfromanexperiencemanyyearsago.Itookthehead____2____jobataschoolinBaxley,Georgia.Itwasasmallschoolwithaweakfootballprogram.Itwasatraditionfortheschool’soldteamtoplayagainstthe____3____teamattheendofspringpractice.Theoldteamhadnocoach,andtheydidn’tevenpracticetoprepareforthegame.Beingthecoachofthenewteam,IwasexcitedbecauseIknewweweregoingtowin,buttomydisappointmentweweredefeated.Icouldn’tbelieveIhadgotintosuchasituation.Thinkinghardaboutit,Icameto____4____thatmyteammightnotbethenumberoneteaminGeorgia,buttheyweredependingonme.Ihadtochangemyattitudeabouttheirabilityandpotential.IstarteddoinganythingIcouldtohelpthembuildalittle____5____.Mostimportant,Ibegantotreatthemlikewinners.Thatsummer,whentheotherteamsenjoyedtheirvacations,wemeteverydayand____6____passingandkickingthefootball.Sixmonthsaftersufferingourdefeatonthespringpracticefield,wewonourfirstgameandoursecond,andcontinuedtoimprove.Finally,wefacedthenumberoneteaminthestate.Ifeltthatitwouldbea____7____forusevenifwelostthegame.Butthatwasn’twhathappened.MyboysbeatthebestteaminGeorgia,givingmeoneofthegreatest____8____ofmylife!FromtheexperienceIlearntalotabouthowtheattitudeoftheleadercan____9____themembersofateam.Insteadofseeingmyboysaslosers,Ipushedandencouragedthem.Ihelpedthemtoseethemselves____10____,andtheybuiltthemselvesintowinners.Winnersaremade,notborn.1.A.luck B.tests C.efforts D.nature2.A.operating B.editing C.consulting D.coaching3.A.successful B.excellent C.strong D.new4.A.realize B.claim C.permit D.demand5.A.pride B.culture C.fortune D.relationship6.A.risked B.missed C.considered D.practiced7.A.shame B.burden C.victory D.favor8.A.chances B.thrills C.concerns D.offers9.A.surprise B.serve C.interest D.affect10.A.honestly B.individually C.calmly D.differently第二节语法填空(共17小题;每小题1分，共17分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。China’slatestoptimization(优选)ofitsdynamiczero-COVIDagreementswillhelptheearlyrenewal(恢复)ofitscivilaviationindustry(民航业).Aimingformore____11____(science)andexactvirusprevention,Chinaintroducedtwentystepslastweek____12____(improve)epidemiccontrol,includingcancellingthesuspension(暂缓)ofaircarriers’operationsfortwoweekswhenfiveormorepassengerstestedpositiveon____13____(land)inChina.TheyalsoreduceCOVID-19quarantines(隔离期)forincoming____14____(visit)andclosecontactsfromtentoeightdays.B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Frankenstein,____15____maincharacterisa“madscientist”whocreatesamonster,isa____16____(combine)ofGothichorrorstoryandsciencefiction.ThebooktellsthestoryofVictorFrankensteinwhocreatesanartificialmanfrompiecesofcorpsesandbringshiscreaturetolife.____17____itseeksaffectionatthebeginning,themonsterinspireshateineveryonewhomeetsit.Lonelyandmiserable,themonsterturnsitsbackonitscreator,____18____eventuallyloseshislife.ThenameFrankensteinhasbecome____19____(popular)attachedtothecreatureitself,whohasbecomeoneofthebest-known____20____(monster)inthehistoryofmotionpictures.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Asyoucansee,thereason____21____I’mheretotellthestoryisthatImadetherightdecision.SometimeafterIlefttheboat,withmybrotherinit,it____22____(pull)intothebottomofthewhirlpool.Soonafterthat,thewhirlpoolbecamelesswild.Thentheskywasclear,thewindcalmerandthemoonwasshining,Iwasstilltied____23____thebarrelandthewavessooncarriedmetoanarea____24____theotherfishermenwere.Intheend,aboatpickedmeup.Iwasverytired.Thefishermenweremyoldfriends,buttheywere____25____(able)torecognizeme.WhenItoldthemmystory,theydidnotbelieveit.NowI____26____(tell)youandIcannotexpectyou____27____(believe)meanymorethanthefishermandid.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。ASonyWorldPhotographyAwardsOpenEyeGallery,LiverpoolNovember21—December10,2022Wednesday—Sunday:11:00am—4:00pm19MannIsland,LiverpoolWaterfront,Liverpool.TravelPhotographeroftheYearChesterCathedralDecember2—28,2022MondaytoSaturday:9:00am—5:00pm;Sunday:11:30am—4:00pm9AbbeySquare,Chester,CheshireAnexhibitionofselectedwinningimagesfromtheTPOTYawardswillbetravelingtoChesterCathedral.BirdPhotographeroftheYear2022September2022—January2023Datesandvenues(地点)tobeconfirmed,moreinformationsoon.Anexhibitionof70—80ofthewinningimageswillgoonaninternationaltour.RPSGallery,BristolUntilOctober21,2022Thursday—Sunday10:00am—5:00pmTheRoyalPhotographicSociety,RPSHouse,ArosVale,BristolAtotalof105worksby57photographerswillbeondisplayintheInternationalPhotographyExhibition163atRPSGallery.28.Whichshowisalreadyfinished?A.SonyWorldPhotographyAwards. B.TravelPhotographeroftheYear.C.BirdPhotographeroftheYear2022. D.InternationalPhotographyExhibition163.29.HowlongwilltheTravelPhotographeroftheYearexhibitionlast?A.Amonth. B.27days. C.Ayear. D.Unknown.30.IfyouwanttovisitanexhibitiononTuesday,youwillchoose________.A.SonyWorldPhotographyAwards B.TravelPhotographeroftheYearC.BirdPhotographeroftheYear2022 D.InternationalPhotographyExhibition16331.Whatinformationdothefourprogrammesfocuson?A.Photographytheoreticalstudy. B.Photographyreview.C.Photographyshow. D.Photographyawardceremonies.BTheannualmarathon(马拉松)inmytownoccurredasscheduled.Myjobwastofollowbehindtherunnersinanambulanceincaseanyofthemneededmedicalattention.Astheathletesbegantopacethemselves,thefrontrunnersstartedtodisappear.ItwasthenthatmyeyesweredrawntothewomaninbluerunningshortsandabaggywhiteT-shirt.Iknewwewerealreadywatchingour“lastrunner”.Herfeetwereturnedin,yetherleftkneewasturnedout.Herlegsweresocrippled(跛足的)andbentthatitseemedimpossibleforhertowalk,nottomentionrunamarathon.ThedriverandIwatchedinsilenceassheslowlymovedforward.Wewouldmoveforwardalittlebit,thenstopandwaitforhertogainsomedistance.Thenwe’dslowlymoveforwardalittlebitmore.AsIwatchedherstruggletoputonefootinfrontoftheother,Ifoundmyselfbreathingforherandurgingherforward.Iwantedhertostop,andatthesametime,Iprayedthatshewouldn’t.Finallyshewastheonlyrunnerleftinsight.Isatontheedgeofmyseatandwatchedwithrespectandamazementasshepushedforwardwithstrongdeterminationthroughthelastmiles.Whenthefinishlinecameintosight,thecheeringcrowdshadlonggonehome.Yetstandingstraightandproudwaitedaman.Hewasholdingoneendofaribbontiedtoapost.Sheslowlycrossedthrough,leavingbothendsoftheribbonflutteringbehindher.Idon’tknowthiswoman’sname,butthatdayshebecameapartofmylife—apartIoftendependon.Forher,itwasn’taboutbeatingtheotherrunnersorwinningaprize.Itwasaboutfinishingwhatshehadsetouttodo.WhenIthinkthingsaretoodifficultorIgetthose“I-just-can’t-do-it,”Ithinkofthelastrunner.ThenIrealizehoweasythetaskbeforemereallyis.32.Whatwordscanbestdescribethewoman?A.Proudanddetermined. B.ModestandcourageousC.Diligentandconsiderate. D.Strong-willedandhonorable.33.Whathastheauthorlearntfromthewoman?A.Don’tdependonotherswhenfacingdifficulties.B.Nothingistootoughtoaccomplishifoneisbraveenough.C.It’snotwinningbutholdingonstraighttotheendthatreallymatters.D.Thedisabledcanalsorunamarathondespitetheirwalkingdifficulty.34.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheAnnualMarathon. B.TheLastRunner.C.AnUnforgettableJob. D.HumorousStranger.CThewoodsareturningorange.Driftsofdryleavesaregrowingonforestfloorsandflyingintostreetcorners.Fromadistance,itisbeautiful.Buttheairisstillwarmandsummery.Thisturningandleaffallisnottheusualgradualpreparationforwinterintemperatezones(温带)butastressresponsebytreestryingtopreservewater.Wearenowinafalseautumn,causedbyheatanddrought.Anditfeelswrong.Thereis,therefore,somethingdeeplydisturbingaboutsuchagraphicalterationoffamiliarrhythms.DroughtsarenotunknowntotheUK,ofcourse,andtoomanypartsoftheworldarecertainlyfamiliarwithfarmoresevereversions.Butincreasinglytheyareoccurringinthecontextofaclimateemergency,andrecord-breakingheat.Andthebeautyofafalseautumn,specifically,hasanemotionaleffect,adeepweirdness,somethingmysteriouslysuggestiveofevilordanger.Culturesacrosstheworldcontainceremoniesforthepropitiation(宽恕)oftheweather;asenseofresponsibilityforthenaturalworld-andthebeliefthatitwillpunishusifwefailit—isasoldashumanity.OneofthereasonswhytheRomanticpoetSamuelTaylorColeridge’s1798poemTheRimeoftheAncientMarinerissoeffectiveisthedirectnesswithwhichitlinkstheshootingofanalbatross(信天翁)—thedestructionofinnocentwildlife—toaterriblechangeintheweather:norain,justburning,death-dealingsun.Wemaynotunderstandthemechanism,butataninstinctual(本能的)levelitfeelsright.Andinasimilarwayithasnotreallybeenasurprisetohearthatbirdsarestruggling.InLondon,youngswifts(雨燕)wereseenfallingoutofthesky.Fewer—andtooearly—nutsandberriesmeansomeanimalswillnotlivethroughthiswinter.Oldertrees,withtheirlongerroots,willhopefullysurvive,butyoungtreesmaynot—allthatpromisesfurtherwarming.Therewillalwaysbeadegreeofuncertaintyaboutthecausesofspecificweatherevents,butwecannotdenythatwehavenottakencareofthealbatross.Nowwemusthopewearedoingenoughtomakesurethatthesefearfulgoldendayscanbeanautumnofautumns.35.Accordingtothepassage,whatisadisturbingsignof“afalseautumn”?A.Treeleavesareturningorangeandfallgraduallyinwinter.B.BirdsarestrugglingtofalloutoftheskyinLondon.C.PeopleworldwidearecarelessofdroughtsandheatintheUK.D.Nutsandberriesripenearlierbutyieldlessthanbefore.36.WhyisColeridge’s1798poemTheRimeoftheAncientMarinersoeffective?A.Becausepeopleacrosstheworldsympathizewiththealbatross.B.Becauseitdirectlylinksdestructionofwildlifetoextremeweather.C.Becausewearecertainabouthowtheweathershiftsinstinctually.D.BecauseheisanestablishedRomanticpoetcuriousaboutnature.37.Whatistheoveralltoneofthepassage?A.Optimistic. B.Concerned. C.Humorous. D.Ironic(讽刺的).DBetweenthelastapplicationseasonandthecurrentone,SwarthmoreCollege,aschoolnationallywell-knownforitsacademicstrictness,changedtherequirementsforstudentsforadmissionintoitsnextfreshmanclass.Itmadefillingouttheproperformseasier.Swarthmoreishardlyaloneinitsdesiretoeliminate(清除)obstaclesforabountyofapplicants.Overthelastdecade,manyelitecollegeshaveadjustedtheirapplicationsinwaysthatremovedisincentives(抑制因素)andmaximizethelikelihoodthatthenumberofstudentscontestingtogetinremainsrobust-or,evenbetter,growslarger.Inonesense,that’sacommendablyegalitarian(平等主义的)approachandasensibleattempttobesurethatnoqualifiedcandidateismissed.Butthere’softenalesspuremotiveinplay.Inourincreasinglystatus-orientedsociety,aschool’sreputationisimprovedbyalowacceptancerate,whichcaneveninfluencehowU.S.News&WorldReportranksit.Andunlessaschoolisshrinkingthesizeofitsstudentbody,theonlywaytobringitsacceptanceratedownistogetitsnumberofapplicantsup.So,manycollegesmethodicallygenerateinterestonlytofrustrateit.Theywooapplicantsforthepurposeofturningthemdown.Andtherecanbeotherjustificationsforwhatlookslikealooseningofapplicationdemands.SmithCollegeandseveralothersimilarlyprominentcollegesnolongerrequiretheSATorACT,andKathleenMcCarney,thepresidentofSmithCollege,saidthatthat’snotabidformoreapplicants.It’sarecognitionthattopscoresonthosetestscorrelatewithhighfamilyincomeandmaysaymoreaboutanapplicant’seconomicadvantages—including,say,privateSATtutoring—thanabouttheiracademicpotential.JimBock,Swarthmore’sdeanofadmissions,saidthatbylighteningtheessayloadforitscurrentapplicants,thecollegewaslessconcernedaboutincreasingitsoverallnumberofapplicantsthanaboutmakingsurecandidatesofgreatmeritdidn’tmissoutonSwarthmoreandviceversa.Hementionedthehypothetical(假定的)exampleofahighschoolstudentfromalow-incomefamilywhoworks10ormorehoursaweekanddoesn’thavesufficienttimetododifferentessaysfordifferentschools.ButwillSwarthmore’sapplicantsthisyeargivequiteasmuchthoughtregardingwhetheritissuitableandtherighthomeforthem?I’mbettingnot.Whenit’sveryeasyforastudenttoapplytoyetonemorecollegeandeachschoolissimplyanotherdesirableboxofcereal(谷物)ontopshelfthatheorsheisdeterminedtoreach,there’sinadequatethoughttoatailored(合身的)fit,whichiswhattheadmissionsprocessshouldstrivefor.It’swhatthemeasureofsuccessshouldbe.38.WhatchangeshasSwarthmoreCollegemadeintheapplicationprocess?A.Itsimplifieditsapplicationprocedure. B.Itlowereditsrequirementsforadmission.C.Itexpandedthesizeofitsnextfreshmanclass. D.Iteliminatedobstaclesforminorityapplicants.39.Theword“woo”(Para.3)isclosestinmeaningto________.A.respect B.cheat C.invite D.force40.KathleenMcCarneyholdsthattheresultsoftheSATorACT________.A.arecloselyrelatedtotest-takers’familyincomelevelsB.reflecttest-takers’academicpotentialtoalargeextentC.shouldplayanessentialroleintheadmissionsprocessD.hidetheunevendistributionofeducationalresources41.Accordingtotheauthor,thesuccessofaschool’sadmissionsprocessliesin________.A.improvingtheschool’sreputationnationwideB.recruitingasmanygenuinestudentsaspossibleC.increasingtheoverallnumberofapplicantsfortheschoolD.makingsuitablematchesbetweenapplicantsandtheschool第二节七选五(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Mostofusdon’tliketothinktoomuchaboutrubbish.___42___.However,householdwasteisamajorcontributortoourplanet’swasteproblem.Likeitornot,itneedstobemanagedifwearetohaveabrightergreenfuture.Whenitcomestobeingresponsibleforourownrubbish,thebestwaytoapproachitisbyfollowingthethreegoldenrulesofwastemanagement,orthe‘3Rs’-Reduce,ReuseandRecycle.“Theorderisimportant.____43____,”saysEugeneTay,DirectorofGreenFutureSolutionsinSingapore.“Recyclingstillaffectstheenvironmentandshouldbedonelastafterreduceandreuse.”But,whenoureffortstoreduceandreusestillresultinanoverflowingrubbishbin,theadvantagesofrecyclingcannotbeignored.“____44____,”saysAmyHo,ManagingDirectorofWorldWideFundForNatureinSingapore.“Thedamagetoourenvironmentcouldthenbesloweddownasaresult.”Infact,byrecyclingjustoneplasticbottle,youaresavingnotjustthematerialtomakeanewone,butyoualsostopitfromgettingthrownintoalandfill(垃圾掩埋场)forupto700years-andthat’sbeforeitevenstartstorot.____45____.Recyclingissoimportantthatwereallyhavenoexcusenottodothesimplestofhouseholdtasksthatwillmakeadifference.“_____46_____,”saysHo.“Startingwithrecyclinggreywaterforgardeningpurposes,torecyclingmaterialssuchasglass,paperandiron-itallreducestheuseofrawmaterials.”A.Weputitinthebinanddon’tthinktoofarbeyondthatB.ThecollectiveactionofindividualscanmakeasignificanteffectC.It‘simportantforeveryhouseholdtomakegooduseofgreywaterD.WastereductionandreuseisusuallythebestwaytodecreasewasteE.ThethreerulesofwastemanagementshouldbefollowedbyeveryhouseholdF.RecyclingreducestheuseofrawmaterialsandsoprotectsournaturalresourcesG.Recyclingjust10%plasticbottleswouldkeep90millionkilogramsofplasticoutoflandfills

参考答案第一部分：知识运用(共两节，32分)第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)【答案】1.C2.D3.D4.A5.A6.D7.C8.B9.D10.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了多年前作者担任过一个学校足球队的教练，在一次比赛中输给了学校的老队，作者开始反思，不停地训练和鼓励队员，最终不可思议的赢得州里最强的对手。从这次经历中，作者明白了领导者的态度对团队成员有很大影响。【1题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们通过自己的努力使自己成为胜利者。A.luck运气；B.tests测试；C.efforts努力；D.nature自然。根据上文“Nooneisbornawinner.”可知，人们需要通过努力才能成为胜利者。故选C。【2题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在乔治亚州巴克斯利的一所学校担任主教练工作。A.operating操纵，动手术；B.editing编辑；C.consulting咨询；D.coaching指导、执教。根据下文“Beingthecoachofthenewteam,IwasexcitedbecauseIknewweweregoingtowin,buttomydisappointmentweweredefeated.”可知我担任学校球队的教练，故选D。【3题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在春季训练结束时，学校的老队与新队进行比赛是一项传统。A.successful成功的；B.excellent优秀的；C.strong强壮的；D.new新的。根据“Itwasatradition”和“Beingthecoachofthenewteam”可知，此处表示学校的老队和新队进行比赛。故选D。【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：仔细想想，我意识到我的团队可能不是乔治亚州的头号球队，但他们依赖我。A.realize意识到，实现；B.claim声称，要求（拥有），认领，致命；C.permit批准，许可；D.demand强烈要求，需要。根据句中的“Thinkinghardaboutit”可知作者经过认真思考意识到球队可能不是乔治亚州的头号球队，但他们依赖作者。故选A。【5题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始尽我所能帮助他们建立自豪感。A.pride骄傲，自豪；B.culture文化；C.fortune运气；D.relationship关系。根据上文“buttomydisappointment,weweredefeated.”以及下文“Mostimportant,Ibegantotreatthemlikewinners.”可知，作者在比赛失败后尽自己所能帮助孩子们建立自豪感。故选A。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那年夏天，当其他球队享受假期时，我们每天都见面，练习传球和踢足球。A.risked担……的风险，冒险做；B.missed错过，思念；C.considered考虑，认为；D.practiced练习。根据句中的“whentheotherteamsenjoyedtheirvacations”以及空后的“passingandkickingthefootball”可知假期球队一直在训练，故选D。【7题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我觉得即使我们输了比赛，这对我们来说也是一场胜利。A.shame羞愧；B.burden负担；C.victory胜利；D.favor赞成，偏爱。根据“Finally,wefacedthenumberoneteaminthestate.”可知，作者认为面对最强的队伍，即使输了比赛也是一场胜利。故选C。【8题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的孩子们打败了乔治亚州最好的球队，这是我一生中兴奋的事情之一！A.chances机会；B.thrills兴奋，激动；C.concerns关心，忧虑；D.offers提议。根据“MyboysbeatthebestteaminGeorgia”可知，作者的队伍打败了Georgia州最好的球队，这是令人兴奋的事。故选B。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从这次经历中，我学到了很多关于领导者的态度如何影响团队成员的知识。A.surprise使（某人）吃惊，给……惊喜，；B.serve服务；C.interest使感兴趣，引起……的关注；D.affect影响，（疾病）侵袭，感染。根据上文“IstarteddoinganythingIcouldtohelpthembuildalittle____5____.Mostimportant,Ibegantotreatthemlikewinners.”以及下文“Ihelpedthemtoseethemselves____10____,andtheybuiltthemselvesintowinners.”可知作者的态度对球队队员有很大的影响。故选D。【10题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我帮助他们以不同的方式看待自己，他们把自己打造成了胜利者。A.honestly诚实地；B.individually单独地，分别地；C.calmly冷静地；D.differently不同地。根据上文“IstarteddoinganythingIcouldtohelpthembuildalittle____5____.Mostimportant,Ibegantotreatthemlikewinners.”可知，作者帮助他们以不同的方式看待自己。故选D。第二节语法填空(共17小题;每小题1分，共17分)【答案】11.scientific12.toimprove13.landing14.visits【解析】【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章讲述中国最新优化的冠状病毒肺炎动态清零协议将有助于更早恢复民航业。为了更加科学准确地预防病毒，中国上周推出了20项措施来加强疫情防控。【11题详解】考查形容词。句意：为了更加科学准确地预防病毒，中国上周推出了20项措施来加强疫情防控，包括取消5名及以上乘客在中国着陆时检测呈阳性的航空公司停飞两周。分析句子可知，and连接两个形容词修饰virusprevention作定语，故填scientific。【12题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子可知，improve作目的状语用不定式形式，故填toimprove。【13题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了更加科学准确地预防病毒，中国上周推出了20项措施来加强疫情防控，包括取消5名及以上乘客在中国着陆时检测呈阳性的航空公司停飞两周。介词on后接动名词作宾语，故填landing。【14题详解】考查名词。句意：他们还将对入境人员和密切接触者的COVID-19隔离时间从10天减少到8天。形容词incoming修饰名词，作介词for的宾语，visit“访问”是可数名词，根据句意用复数，故填visits。【答案】15.whose16.combination17.When18.and19.popularly20.monsters【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一部名为《弗兰肯斯坦》的小说。【15题详解】考查定语从句。句意：《弗兰肯斯坦》的主人公是创造怪物的“疯狂科学家”，是哥特式恐怖故事和科幻小说的结合体。分析句子，设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，先行词Frankenstein和从句主语maincharacter形成所属关系，即Frankenstein’smaincharacter，关系词在从句中作定语，用先行词whose。故填whose。【16题详解】考查名词。句意：《弗兰肯斯坦》的主人公是创造怪物的“疯狂科学家”，是哥特式恐怖故事和科幻小说的结合体。分析句子，设空处应该使用combine的名词combination，acombinationof(……结合)。故填combination。【17题详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：当它在一开始寻求爱的时候，怪物会在每个遇见它的人身上激起仇恨。分析句子，设空处用when引导时间状语从句。同时，该空置于句首，首字母要大写。故填When。【18题详解】考查连词。句意：孤独和痛苦，怪物背弃了它的创造者，最终失去了生命。分析句子，设空处填写连词，连接前后两个句子，此处表示并列关系。故用and。【19题详解】考查副词。句意：弗兰肯斯坦的名字已经变成了人们普遍喜欢这个生物本身，它已经成为电影史上最著名的怪物之一。分析句子，设空处应该填写popular的副词popularly作状语，修饰形容词attached。故填popularly。【20题详解】考查名词复数。句意：弗兰肯斯坦的名字已经变成了人们普遍喜欢这个生物本身，它已经成为电影史上最著名的怪物之一。oneofthe+形容词最高级+复数名词，意为“最……之一”，monster为可数名词，意为“怪物”，用其复数形式。故填monsters。【答案】21.why22.waspulled23.to24.where25.unable26.havetold27.tobelieve【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了一段难以置信的被渔夫从水中救出的经历。（节选）【21题详解】考查定语从句。句意：如你所见，我在这里讲述这个故事的原因是我做了正确的决定。分析句子可知，why引导定语从句主干完整，修饰先行词thereason，在从句中作原因状语；thereasonwhy…isthat…意为“……的原因是……”。故填why。【22题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：我离开船后，我哥哥在里面，船被拉进了漩涡的底部。分析句子可知，after引导时间状语从句，且谓语动词left是一般过去时，那么主句中缺的谓语动词也用一般过去时，结合句意使用被动语态，主语it是单数，则应填wasdone结构。故填waspulled。【23题详解】考查介词。句意：这时天空晴朗了，风平浪静了，月亮也放光了，我仍然被绑在木桶上，海浪很快把我带到了其他渔民所在的地方。betiedto…意为“束缚于……，捆绑于……”。故填to。【24题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这时天空晴朗了，风平浪静了，月亮也放光了，我仍然被绑在木桶上，海浪很快把我带到了其他渔民所在的地方。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句修饰先行词area，在从句中做地点状语，故用关系副词。故填where。【25题详解】考查形容词。句意：那些渔夫是我的老朋友，但他们认不出我来了。根据but可知，我的朋友没能认出我来，所以填able的反义词，beunabletodosth.意为“不能做某事”。故填unable。【26题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：现在我已经告诉你了，我不指望你相信我，就像那个渔夫一样。根据语境可知，“我”已经讲完了“我”的故事，此处强调动作已经完成并对现在造成的影响，所以用现在完成时。故填havetold。【27题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：现在我告诉你，我不指望你相信我，就像那个渔夫一样。分析句子可知，cannotexpect为本句谓语动词，空处用非谓语动词作宾语，expectsb.todosth.意为“期待某人做某事”。故填tobelieve。第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)【答案】28.D29.B30.B31.C【解析】【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了四种不同国际摄影展的时间、地点等信息。【28题详解】推理判断题。比较四个活动的时间可知，RPSGallery,Bristol中关键信息“UntilOctober21,2022(直到2022年10月21日)”及“Atotalof105worksby57photographerswillbeondisplayintheInternationalPhotographyExhibition163atRPSGallery.(第163届国际摄影展将在RPS画廊展出57位摄影师的105幅作品)”可知，InternationalPhotographyExhibition163是时间最早的，所以已经结束了。故选D项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据TravelPhotographeroftheYear中关键信息“December2—28,2022(2022年12月2日到28日)”可知，年度旅行摄影师展将会持续27天。故选B项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据TravelPhotographeroftheYear中关键信息“MondaytoSaturday:9:00am—5:00pm(星期一到星期六：早上9点到下午5点)”可知，如果你想在周二参观展览，可以选择TravelPhotographeroftheYear。故选B项。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据前三个活动的标题“SonyWorldPhotographyAwards(索尼世界摄影大奖)”；“TravelPhotographeroftheYear(年度最佳旅行摄影师)”；“BirdPhotographeroftheYear2022(2022年度鸟类摄影师)”及第四个活动的展览名称“theInternationalPhotographyExhibition163(163国际摄影展)”可知，四个活动都是摄影展览。故选C项。【答案】32.D33.C34.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者在一次马拉松比赛中遇到了一名跛足女士，从她身上学到了真正重要的不是取胜而是坚持到底的道理。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Herlegsweresocrippled(跛足的)andbentthatitseemedimpossibleforhertowalk,nottomentionrunamarathon.”(她的腿残疾得如此严重而且还弯曲，似乎连走路都不可能，更不用说跑马拉松了。)和第三段第一句“ThedriverandIwatchedinsilenceassheslowlymovedforward.”(我和司机静静地看着她慢慢向前走。)可知，这名女士有强大的意志力；根据最后一段第一句“Idon’tknowthiswoman’sname,butthatdayshebecameapartofmylife—apartIoftendependon.”(我不知道这个女人的名字，但从那一天起，她成了我生命的一部分——我常常依赖的一部分。)可知，这名女士是一个可敬的人。故选D。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句和第三句“Forher,itwasn’taboutbeatingtheotherrunnersorwinningaprize.Itwasaboutfinishingwhatshehadsetouttodo.”(对她来说，无关于打败其他选手或赢得奖品。而是完成她已经开始做的事情。)可知，作者从女士身上学到了真正重要的不是取胜而是坚持到底的道理。故选C。【34题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段第一句“Iknewwewerealreadywatchingour“lastrunner”.”(我知道我们已经在看“最后一名选手”了。)和最后一段倒第二句“WhenIthinkthingsaretoodifficultorIgetthose“I-just-can’t-do-it,”Ithinkofthelastrunner.”(当我觉得事情太难了，或者是“我就是做不到”的时候，我就会想到这个最后一名选手。)可知，作者以最后一名选手为着眼点，阐述了真正重要的不是取胜而是坚持到底的道理。故选B。【答案】35.A36.B37.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了气候变暖导致“虚假秋天”的出现，呼吁人们将这种现象视为警告，采取措施阻止全球变暖现象进一步恶化。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Thewoodsareturningorange.Driftsofdryleavesaregrowingonforestfloorsandflyingintostreetcorners.Fromadistance,itisbeautiful.Buttheairisstillwarmandsummery.Thisturningandleaffallisnottheusualgradualpreparationforwinterintemperatezones(温带)butastressresponsebytreestryingtopreservewater.(树林正在变成橙色。干枯的树叶飘落在森林地面上，飞到街角。从远处看，它很美。但空气仍然温暖、像是夏季。这种转变和落叶不是温带冬季通常的逐渐准备，而是树木试图保水的应激反应。)”可知，本来秋天树叶变黄落下，现在冬天树叶变黄落下，人们误把冬天当秋天，就是虚假秋天。由此可知，“虚假秋天”的令人不安的迹象是树叶在冬天逐渐变成橙色并落下。故选A。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“OneofthereasonswhytheRomanticpoetSamuelTaylorColeridge’s1798poemTheRimeoftheAncientMarinerissoeffectiveisthedirectnesswithwhichitlinkstheshootingofanalbatross(信天翁)—thedestructionofinnocentwildlife—toaterriblechangeintheweather:norain,justburning,death-dealingsun.(浪漫主义诗人SamuelTaylorColeridge1798年的诗TheRimeoftheAncientMariner如此有效的原因之一是，它直接将射杀信天翁——无辜野生动物的毁灭——与可怕的天气变化联系起来：没有雨，只有灼热的、致命的太阳)”可知，Coleridge1798年的诗歌TheRimeoftheAncientMariner如此有效是因为它将野生动物的毁灭与极端天气直接联系起来。故选B。【37题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句“Wearenowinafalseautumn,causedbyheatanddrought.Anditfeelswrong.(我们现在处于一个由炎热和干旱造成的虚假秋天。这感觉不对)”和文章第二段第一句“Thereis,therefore,somethingdeeplydisturbingaboutsuchagraphicalterationoffamiliarrhythms.(因此，这种对熟悉的节律的形象改变令人深感不安)”以及最后一段最后一句“Nowwemusthopewearedoingenoughtomakesurethatthesefearfulgoldendayscanbeanautumnofautumns.(现在，我们必须希望我们正在做的足够多，以确保这些可怕的金色日子成为一个真正秋天中的秋天)”可知，作者在文中文章讲述了气候变暖导致出现“虚假秋天”，呼吁人们将这种现象视为警告，采取措施阻止全球变暖进一步恶化。由此可推知，作者写这篇文章的整体基调是担心的。故选B。【答案】38.A39.C40.A41.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇议论文。本文根据斯沃斯莫尔学院改变了新生入学的要求这一现象，论述了这种现象后面的原因并表达了自己的观点——一所学校录取过程的成功在于在申请者和学校之间进行合适的匹配。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Betweenthelastapplicationseasonandthecurrentone,SwarthmoreCollege,aschoolnationallywell-knownforitsacademicstrictness,changedtherequirementsforstudentsforadmissionintoitsnextfreshmanclass.Itmadefillingouttheproperformseasier.(从上个申请季到现在这个申请季，斯沃斯莫尔学院(SwarthmoreCollege)——一所以学术严格而闻名全国的学校——改变了新生入学的要求。它使填写适当的表格更容易)”及第二段“Swarthmoreishardlyaloneinitsdesiretoeliminateobstaclesforabountyofapplicants.(斯沃斯莫尔学院并不是唯一一个希望为大量申请者消除障碍的机构)”可知，Swarthmore大学为申请者简化了申请程序。故选A项。【39题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词前文“Inourincreasinglystatus-orientedsociety,aschool’sreputationisimprovedbyalowacceptancerate,whichca