2016年武汉大学考博英语真题试卷

2016年武汉大学考博英语真题试卷一、PartIReadingComprehension1.Directions:Inthispartforthetest,therewillbe5passagesforyoutoread.Eachpassageisfollowedby4questionsorunfinishedstatement,andeachquestionorunfinishedstatementisfollowedbyfourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YouaretodecideonthebestchoicebyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEET.PassageOne

MylastflighttoRomelandedatstupido’clockinthemorningsoIwasalmostlookingforwardtogettingacupofhotcoffeefromtheflightcrew.Instead,IoptedforholdingmyeyelidsupwithtwofingerssoIcouldfindthefirstcoffeeshopintheairport.Coffeealwaystastesterribleonplanesandtherecouldbeasimple—anddisgusting—reasonwhy.Acoupleofweeksago,anassortmentofairlineemployeesspilledsomeoftheirindustry’ssecretsinanAskRedditthread,andtwoofthemhadsomeunpleasantthingstosayaboutthecoffee-makers.AusernamedMuddbutt7wrote:“Sometimes,thevehiclethatfillsthepotablewaterforwashinghandsandmakingcoffeeisparkednexttothevehiclethatinusedtodumpthe[toilets]andfillthebluejuiceforthelavatories.They’renotsupposedto.Sometimes,theyparkedatadistancefromeachother,whichispolicy,yettheguywhoisfillingthewaterisusingglovesthathehasn’tinover2years.”WhileasecondusernamedWorsetoadded:“Thecoffeeisabsolutelydisgustingbecausenoonewashesthecontainerthatgoesouteverymorning.Thestationagentswhogetpaidwaytoolittledon’tgivea[expletive]aboutcleaningit.Icertainlydidn’twhenIworkedforAA.Also,becauseweweren’tgiventhepropersuppliestocleanit.Weprettymuchjustrinseditoutanddumpedcoffeeintoit.”Afterreadingthosesortofstomach-churningconfessions,HuffingtonPostattemptedtodeterminehowtruethosestatementsare.AbbieUnger,aformerflightattendant,toldthesite:“Itistruethattheportablewatertanksarenotcleaned.Buttheyareonlyfilledwithpotable（drinkable）water,soit’snotlikethereisoldcoffeeinabigcontainersomewhere.Thewaterdoesn’tmakeforanexcellentcupofcoffee,butit’snotunsafe.”Sobasically,thereasonthatcupofStarbucksduringyourDeltaflighttastesworsethanthecupyouhadattheairportisbecauseofthewater,whichisapointthathasbeenraisedpreviously.TheEnvironmentalProtectionAgencybeganinvestigatingthesafetyofthewateronairplanesin2004,afterdiscoveringthat15%—or1.5outofevery10planes—testedpositiveforcoliformbacteriainthedrinkingwater.In2013,NBC5lookedintowhetherthosenumbershadimprovedanddiscoveredthat12%ofplaneshadatleastonepositivetestforcoliforminwhatwasthentheEPA’smostrecentsurvey.AlthoughtheEPAsaidthattherehadnotbeenanycasesofanyonegettingsickfromthewateronboardaplane,insidersstillsaythatthetanks一andthehosesthatareusedtofillthem一canbeprettygross（“prettygross”isahighlyscientificterm）.InaForbespiececalled“WhyAirlineCrewsSkiptheCoffeeandTeaOnBoard”，formerUSAiremployeeJohnGogliawrote:“ThirtyyearsagowhenIwasworkingforUSAir,webeganaprocesstobleachthewatertanksthatholdthewaterandflushoutthesystem.Thiswasdoneonaregularbasis.Yet,itwascleartoanyoneworkingonthesetanksandtheirhosesthatalotofsedimentwasaccumulatinginthesystem,sedimentthatwasakintopondscum.Evenafterthetankswerebleachedandflushed，somesedimentalwaysremained.”Ofcourse,therecouldbeotherreasonswhythecoffeetastessounpleasant.CornellUniversityscientistsbelievethattheloud,inescapablesoundofcabinnoisecanaffectthewaywebothperceiveandtastefoodsduringflight.Eitherway,wemightjuststickwithcoffeeservedatgroundlevelfromnowon.

（1）.Whatattitudesdidtheauthorhavetowardsthecoffeeonplanesaccordingtothepassage?

A.longing

B.negative

√

C.indifferent

D.melancholy（2）.______isbasicallythecauseoftheterriblecoffeetasteonplanes.

A.Theunwashedcontainerthatgoesouteverymorning

B.Theunchangedglovesofthecrewmember

C.Thewaterusedformakingcoffee

√

D.Theimpropersuppliesusedtocleanthecontainer（3）.Accordingtothecontext,whatpossiblyistheChinesemeaningoftheword“coliform”inParagraph9?

A.大肠菌

√

B.幽门螺杆菌

C.沙门氏菌

D.曲状杆菌（4）.WhichofthefollowingisINCORRECTaccordingtoUSAiremployeeJohnGoglia?

A.Therewasaregularprocesstobleachthewatertanksandflushoutthesystem.

B.Alotofsedimentwasaccumulatinginthetanksandtheirhoses.

C.Noneofthesedimentremainedaftercleanin正确答案:G

D.Sedimentwassimilartopondscum.2.Directions:Inthispartforthetest,therewillbe5passagesforyoutoread.Eachpassageisfollowedby4questionsorunfinishedstatement,andeachquestionorunfinishedstatementisfollowedbyfourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YouaretodecideonthebestchoicebyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEET.PassageTwo

ResearchershavecreatedmalemicewithnotraceofaYchromosome,supposedlythedefininghallmarkofbeingmale.ReproductivebiologistMonikaWardofUniversityofHawaiiinHonoluluandcolleaguesstartedwithmicethathaveonlyoneXchromosome（andnosecondsexchromosome）.Normallythoseanimalswoulddevelopasfemales.ButwhentheresearchersmanipulatedgenesfoundontheXandanotherchromosome,themicebecamemalesthatcouldproduceimmaturesperm.Thoseengineeredmalesfatheredoffspringwithreproductiveassistancefromtheresearchers,whoinjectedtheimmaturespermintoeggs,WardandcolleaguesreportintheJan.29Science.Theexperimentsdemonstratethattherearemultiplewaystomakemales,saysRichardBehringer,adevelopmentalgeneticistatMDAndersonCancerCenterinHouston.“They’vedoneitwithoutanyYchromosomegeneinformation,”hesays“There’snotevenasniffoftheYaround.”Atfirstglance,theexperimentswouldseemtosuggestYchromosomesaren’tnecessaryforreproduction,whichhintsthatevolutionmayeventuallyshowY’sthedoor.“TomeitisaparadigmofthedeclineandfalloftheYchromosome，”saysreproductivebiologistJenniferMarshallGravesofLaTrobeUniversityinMelbourne,Australia.ButWardandotherresearcherssaytheYisn’tgoinganywhereandthatinterpretingthenewresultsasthechromosome’sdeathknelliswrong.BecausetheY-lessmalesneededhelptoreproduce,“clearlyweneedtheYchromosomeforfullnaturalmalereproduction，”saysMaryAnnHandel,areproductivebiologistattheJacksonLaboratoryinBarHarbor,Maine.Wardandcolleagueshadpreviouslyshownthattwochromosomegenes一SryandEif2s3y—arecrucialformalemousedevelopment.Sryisamastergenethatturnsonmaledevelopmentalprogramminginearlyembryos.ItturnsonagenecalledSox9,whichthensetsoffabiochemicalchainreactionthatleadstomaledevelopment.Butinthenewexperiments,theresearchersturnedonSox9throughothermeans.ActivatingSox9inageneticallyfemaleembryowillcauseittodevelopasamale,Wardandcolleaguesfound.Butthosemalesdidn’tmakesperm.“Thetesteswereempty,”saysWard.Inordertoproducesperm,miceneedtheEif2s3ygene,theresearchershadpreviouslydiscovered.Inthenewexperiment,themiceweremissingthegenebecausetheydidn’thaveYchromosomes.SoresearcherssubstitutedasimilargenefromtheXchromosomecalledEif2s3x.OnlyonecopyoftheYversionisneededtomakeimmature,taillesssperm,butittakesatleastfivecopiesoftheXversiontodothesamething.“ThisindicatesthattheYchromosomegeneisthestrongone,，’saysWard.HerresearchsuggeststhattheYchromosomehasoptimizedproductionfromgenesthatarenecessaryformakingmales.MakingjusttherightdoseofmaledevelopmentfactorsishowtheYprotectsitselffromevolutionaryerasure,Wardsays.“OurworkdoesnotsupportthattheYchromosomewilldisappear.’，Gravesdisagrees,Ward’sworkis“alovelyexampleofhowyoucanloseevenareallyimportantgene,”shesays.AtleasttwospeciesofrodentshavealreadyjettisonedtheirYchromosomesentirely.Primates,includinghumans,don’thaveEiJSs3ygenesontheirYchromosomes.Thenewworkmayhelpexplainhowprimatesgetalongwithoutthegene,Gravessuggests,andtheresearchmay“giveususefulinformationaboutwhathappensattheendoftheYchromosome.”

（1）.WhichofthefollowingisCORRECTaccordingtothepassage?

A.MicewithonlyoneXchromosomewoulddevelopasfemalesnormally.

√

B.Ychromosomeisdefinitelythehallmarkofbeingmale.

C.Thoseengineeredmalemicecannotfatheroffspringevenwithreproductiveassistance

D.ThereisonlyonewaytomakemalemicefromrelevantexperimentsintheUniversityofHawaii.（2）.WhyisEif2s3Ygenecrucialformalemousedevelopment?

A.Itisamastergenethatturnsonmaledevelopmentalprogrammingearlyembryos.

B.Itsetsoffabiochemicalchainreactionthatleadstomaledevelopment.

√

C.Miceneedittoproducesperm.

D.Miceneedittodeveloptestes.（3）.WhichofthefollowingisINCORRECTaccordingtothepassage?

A.AtleasttwospeciesofrodentshavejettisonedtheirYchromosomescompletely.

B.Ei^s3X,agenefromtheYchromosome,issimilarwithEiSs3y.

√

C.Ychromosomehasoptimizedproductionfromgenenecessaryformakingmales.

D.Humansdon’thaveEiSs3ygenesontheirYchromosomes.（4）.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.MiceCanBeMaleWithoutYChromosom正确答案:E

B.TheArtificialReproductionofMice.

C.TheMysteriousYChromosomeinMice.

D.TheMaleandFemaleMice.3.Directions:Inthispartforthetest,therewillbe5passagesforyoutoread.Eachpassageisfollowedby4questionsorunfinishedstatement,andeachquestionorunfinishedstatementisfollowedbyfourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YouaretodecideonthebestchoicebyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEET.PassageThree

“AHARMLESSdrudge,OfthedefinitionsinSamuelJohnson’sgreatEnglishdictionaryof1755，thatof“lexicographer”，hisowncalling,isthemostfamous,anexampleofthesamewitthatledhimtodefine“oats”as“agrain,whichinEnglandisgenerallygiventohorses,butinScotlandsupportsthepeople’，.Whynamealanguagecolumnafteraharmlessdrudge?BecauseJohnson,despitethedrudgery,knewthatlanguagewasnotharmless.Itspowertoinformandtoleadastray,toentertainandtoannoy,tobuildco-operationordestroyareputation,makeslanguageseriousstuff,TheEconomist’s“Johnson”columnbeganin1992andwaslaterrevivedonline.Thisweekitreturnstotheprintedition,andhenceforthwillappearfortnightly.Manyofthetopicstackledarefun：swearingandslang,preferencesandpeeves.Somearemorefundamental.Languagerevealsalotabouthumannature:howpeoplereasondifferentlyinaforeignlanguage,ortowhatextentdifferentlanguagesencodeaworldview,aresomeofthemostexcitingandcontroversialtopicsinlinguisticresearch.Peoplecareintenselyabouttheirlanguage,andsolanguageinthewiderworldsometimescomesintoconflict.TheperceivedarroganceofCastilianstoCatalanthreatenstosunderSpain；“languagepolice”inQuebectellrestaurantownerstochange“pasta”and“grilledcheese”patesandfromaefondant.Attheextreme,thepassageofalawdowngradingRussianinUkrainehelpssparkwarinthatcountry；VladimirPutinhasuseditasevidencethatUkrainiannationalistsarebentonwipingoutRussianculturethere.Thewarhasrumbledonsince,withlanguagethemostobvioussymbolofwideridentityandsympathy.SotheJohnsoncolumntreatstopicslightandheavyaswellaslanguagebothEnglishandinternational.Alanguagecolumnisexpectedtotacklequestionsofrightandwrong.Thereareroughlytwoviewsofhowtodothis：onetop-down,basedonauthority,prestige,writingandstability；onebottom-up,restingonhowmostpeopleactuallyusethelanguage,andopentochange.Thetwoschoolsofthought,knownas“prescriptivism”（whichsetsdownhowthelanguageshouldbe）and“descriptivism”（whichtellshowitis）,haveoftenbeenatdaggersdrawn:Englishteachersandsomeusage-bookwritersononeside,andacademiclinguists,lexicographersandotherusage-bookwritersontheother.Inthecaricature,prescriptivistsareauthoritarianswiththeirheadsinthesand,insistingonVictorian-eranon-rules.Thedescriptivistsaremockedas“anything-is-correct”，embracingeveryfad，eventhatShakespeareshouldbetaughtintext-message-speak.Anintellectualwritingforaneliteaudience,SamuelJohnsondidnotshyawayfrom“right”and“wrong”，even“barbarity”，“depravity”and“corruption”，inmattersoflanguage.Buthedeclaredhistaskwasnotto“form”butto“register”（thatis,describe）thelanguage；tryingtostopchangewasliketryingto“lashthewind”.Aboveall,hisyearsofdrudgingatthedictionaryhadtaughthimhumility:heknewhewassuretocommit“afewwildblunders,andvisibleabsurdities,fromwhichnoworkofsuchmultiplicitywaseverfree”.Prescribingisnotreallytheoppositeofdescribing.LexicographersfromJohnson’sdayonmustdescribethelanguage,groundingtheirdefinitionsinreallivingEnglish.Butthatisinordertogivestrongerrootstoabooktheyknowpeoplewilluseforfirmguidance.Academiclinguists,thearch-descriptivists,areperfectlywillingtocallsomeusageswrongandothersplainugly.

（1）.WhichofthefollowingisINCORRECTaboutSamuelJohnsonaccordingtothepassage?

A.SamuelJohnsononcecompiledagreatEnglishdictionary.

B.SamuelJohnsondefinedoatsasagrainwhichisgenerallygiventohorsesinEnglandbutsupportsthepeopleinScotland.

C.SamuelJohnsondefinedlexicographerasaharmlessdrudge.

D.SamuelJohnsonknewthatlanguagewasharmless.

√（2）.Whyislanguageseriousstuffaccordingtothepassage?

A.Ithaspowertoinformandtoleadastray.

B.Ithaspowertoentertainandtoannoy.

C.Ithaspowertobuildcooperationordestroyareputation.

D.Alloftheabov正确答案:E（3）.FromPara4,theauthorhaslistedtheconflictscausedbylanguageinthefollowingcountriesEXCEPT______.

A.Ukraine

B.Canada

C.Quebec

√

D.Spain（4）.WhichofthefollowingisNOTMENTIONEDinthepassage?

A.TheEconomist’s“Johnson”columnbegunin1992treatsdifferenttopicsindifferentlanguages.

B.Bothprescriptivistsanddescriptivistsaremockedintheacademicarticles.

√

C.Tryingtostopchangeinlanguagewasliketryingto“lashthewind”.

D.LexicographersfromJohnson’sdayonmustgroundtheirdefinitionsinreallivingEnglish.4.Directions:Inthispartforthetest,therewillbe5passagesforyoutoread.Eachpassageisfollowedby4questionsorunfinishedstatement,andeachquestionorunfinishedstatementisfollowedbyfourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YouaretodecideonthebestchoicebyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEET.PassageFourTheweightofplasticwastecloggingtheworld’soceansthreatenstoexceedallfishby2050iftheworld’sseeminglyinsatiableappetiteforthematerialcontinuesatthecurrentexplosiverate,warnedanewreportpresentedonTuesday.Infact,accordingtothestudybytheEllenMeaArthurFoundationalongwiththeWorldEconomicForum,“plasticsproductionhassurgedoverthepast50years,from15milliontonnesin1964to311milliontonnesin2014,andisexpectedtodoubleagainoverthenext20years.”Thestudy—TheNewPlasticsEconomy:RethinkingTheFutureofPlastics—introducedattheopeningdayoftheWEF’sannualsummitinDavos,Switzerlandisthefirstofitskindtocomprehensivelyassessglobalplasticpackagingflows.Thereportmakesaneconomiccaseforwhatitcallsthe“NewPlasticsEconomy”，describedas“anewapproachbasedoncreatingeffectiveafter-usepathwaysforplastics；drasticallyreducingleakageofplasticsintonaturalsystems,inparticularoceans；anddecouplingplasticsfromfossilfeedstocks”.Amongthefindings,whicharebasedoninterviewswithover180expertsandonanalysisofover200reports,thestudyestimatesthatroughly8milliontonnesofplasticsleakintotheoceaneachyear—“whichisequivalenttodumpingthecontentsofonegarbagetruckintooceaneveryminuten,Thisamountisexpectedtodoubleby2030.“Inabusiness-as

usualscenario,theoceanisexpectedtocontain/tonneofplasticforevery3tonnesoffishby2025,andby2050,moreplasticsthanfish（byweight）”thereportcontinues.What’smore,thereportestimatesthatonly14percentofplasticpackagingiscollectedforrecyclingandevenlessforplasticsingeneral.Aftersorting,only5percentisultimatelyretainedforsubsequentuse,whichisfarbelowglobalrecyclingratesforpaper（58percent）andironandsteel（70-90percent）.Further,thereportexaminesthecarbonimpactofplasticsproduction,giventhatover90percentarederivedfrom“virginfossilfeedstocks”.Plasticsproductionrepresentsroughly6percentofglobaloilconsumptionand“Ifthecurrentstronggrowthofplasticsusagecontinuesasexpected,theplasticssectorwillaccountfor20%oftotaloilconsumptionand15%oftheglobalannualcarbonbudgetby2050.”Thereportarguesthatsingle-useplastics,andplasticpackagingspecifically,representsanetlossfortheeconomy,asitslimitedvalueisoutweighedbythesenegativeimpacts.Itstates:Afterashortfirst-usecycle,95%ofplasticpackagingmaterialvalue,orUSD80-120billionannually，islosttotheeconomy.Astaggering32%ofplasticpackagingescapescollectionsystems,generatingsignificanteconomiccostsbyreducingurbaninfrastructure.Thecostofsuchafter-useexternalitiesforplasticpackaging,plusthecostassociatedwithgreenhousegasemissionsfromitsproduction，isexceedingtheplasticpackagingindustryfsprofitpool.“Linearmodelsofproductionandconsumptionareincreasinglychallengedbythecontextwithinwhichtheyoperate,andthisisparticularlytrueforhigh-volume,low-valuematerialssuchasplasticpackaging,”saidEllenMacArthur,anaccomplishedBritishyachtswomanturnedfoundationchair.Theresearchersconcludethatinordertogetclosertothegoalofa“circulareconomyn一where“consumptionhappensonlyineffectivebio-cycles；elsewhereusereplacesconsumption”一boththepublicandprivatesectormustworktowardsthegoalofcreatingplasticsthatcanbebothrecycledandcomposted.

（1）.WhichofthefollowingisCORRECTaboutNewPlasticsEconomyaccordingtothepassage?

A.Itisanapproachbasedoncreatingevasiveafter-usepathwaysforplastics.

B.Itisanapproachreducingleakageofplasticsintonaturalsystems,inparticularlands.

C.Itisanapproachdecouplingplasticsfromironfeedstocks.

D.ItcomesfromastudyintroducedattheopeningdayoftheWEF’sannualsummitinDavos,Switzerlan正确答案:D（2）.AllEXCEPT______canbefoundfromthefindingsofTheNewPlasticsEconomy.

A.Itisestimatedthatabout8milliontonnesofplasticsleakintotheoceaneachyear.

B.Plasticsproductionrepresentsroughly6percentofglobaloilconsumption.

C.Plasticsproductionwillbe311milliontonnesandaccountfor20%oftotaloilconsumptionby2050.

√

D.Theoceanisexpectedtocontain/tonneofplasticforevery3tonnesoffishby2025inabusiness-as-usualscenario.（3）.WhichofthefollowingisINCORRECTaccordingtothepassage?

A.Only14percentoftheplasticpackagingisultimatelyretainedforsubsequentuseaftersortin正确答案:G

B.Theglobalrecyclingratesforpaperare58%.

C.32%ofplasticpackaginggetsawayfromcollectionsystems,generatingsignificanteconomiccosts.

D.95%ofplasticpackagingmaterialvalueislosttotheeconomyafterashortfirst-usecycle.（4）.Howtogetclosertothegoalofcirculareconomyaccordingtotheresearchers?

A.Tomakealinearmodelofproductionandconsumptionofhigh-volume,low-valueplasticpackaging.

B.Tomakethepublicandprivatesectorworktogethertocreateplasticsthatcanbebothrecycledandcomposte正确答案:D

C.Tomakeusereplaceconsumptionwhenrequired.

D.Tomakeconsumptionhappeninsustainablebio-cycles.5.Directions:Inthispartforthetest,therewillbe5passagesforyoutoread.Eachpassageisfollowedby4questionsorunfinishedstatement,andeachquestionorunfinishedstatementisfollowedbyfourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YouaretodecideonthebestchoicebyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEET.PassageFive

AdvancesincampaignagainsttheIslamicStateinSyriaandIraqareforcingtheextremiststoabandonterritorythere,generatingconcernsthattheyarecarvingoutanewstrongholdinoil-richLibya,SecretaryofStateJohnF.KerrysaidTuesday.“Aseverybodyhereknows,thatcountryhasresources,”Kerrysaidataconferenceof23foreignministersfromnationsthatformthecoreofacoalitionfightingtheIslamicState.“Thelastthingintheworldyou’dwantisafalsecaliphatewithaccesstobillionsofdollarsinoilrevenue.”Inajointstatement,bothKerryandItalianforeignministerPaoloGentiloniexpressedconcernoverthe“growinginfluence”ofIslamicStateinLibya.Theyvowedto“continuetoNationalAccordinitseffortstoestablishpeaceandsecurityfortheLibyanpeople.”KerryruledoutmilitaryinterventioninLibyabytheUnitedStatesinnearfuture.Buthesaidthatcouldchangeifthereweresometurnofevents,likeweaponsofmassdestructionendingupinthehandsofthewrongpeople”Libyahasbeeninastateofchaossince2011whenMoammarGaddafiwasousted.Tworivalgovernmentssubsequentlyemerged,andcontinuingconflicthasfoiledeffortstoestablishaunitedLibyangovernment.ThoughtheemergingthreatinLibyacommandedmuchofthediplomats’attention,thesituationinSyriaremainstroublesome.SuccessinpushingIslamicStatefightersoutofanestimated40percentofterritorytheycontrolledinIraqand20percentto30percentofthelandtheyheldinSyriahascreateditsownsetofurgentproblems.Fleeingfightersoftenbooby-traphomesanddemolishbuildings,whichthenneedtobeclearedandrebuiltbeforeresidentscanreturn.Kerryurgedhisfellowforeignministerstodonatemoremoneytoastabilizationfundforrebuildingandrestoringservicesinthoseareas.NowthatU.N.-backedSyriapeacetalksaimedatendingthewarhavestartedinGeneva,KerrycalledonRussiatostopbombingoppositionfightersandtheSyriangovernmenttogranthumanitarianaccesstobesiegedtowns.Withtheonsetofpeacetalks,acease-fireshouldfollowshortly,hesaid.“Weareatthetable,andweexpectacease-fire,”hesaid.“Andweexpectadherencetothecease-fire,andweexpectfullhumanitarianaccess.”InGeneva,whereU.N.envoyStaffandeMisturaonMondaydeclaredtheofficialopeningoftalksbetweentheSyriangovernmentandopposition,bothsidessaidthatasfarastheywereconcerned,negotiationshadnotyetbegun.Inastatement,theoppositiondelegationsaidSyrianrebelsarefacing“amassiveaccelerationofRussianandregimemilitaryaggression...includingattacksonhospitalsandcriticalinfrastructurevnearthecitiesofAleppoandHomsoverthepasttwodays.

TheSyriangovernmentdelegationaccusedtheoppositionofactinglike“amateursandnotprofessionalpoliticians”.Syria’sUnitedNationsambassador,BasharJaafari,representingSyrianPresidentBasheral-Assad，saidhissidechallengedtheparticipationoftwo“terrorist”groupsintheoppositiondelegation,accordingtothestate-runSyrianArabNewsAgency.TheObamaadministrationiseagerforthepeacetalkstobeginandhaspressuredtheoppositiontoparticipate.Oppositionrepresentativeshavesaidtheagreed-uponrulesforthenegotiations，inaU.N.resolution,callforanendtobombardmentsandgovernmentsiegesofcivilianareas,aswellasthereleaseofprisoners.RussianForeignMinisterSergeiLavrovtoldreporterstherethathisgovernmentconsideredmembersofJaishal-IslamandAhraral-Shamtobeparticipatingintheoppositiondelegationintheir“personalcapacity”ratherthanasofficialrepresentatives.LavrovalsosaidthatheconsidersittheresponsibilityoftheUnitedStates,asleaderofthecoalitionagainsttheIslamicStateinSyriaandIraq,topreventconflictamongthevariousparticipantsoperatingstrikeaircraftoverthosecountries.

（1）.BothKerryandPaoloGentiloniagreeduponthefollowingEXCEPT.

A.ContinuingtomonitorcloselythedevelopmentsinLibya.

B.BeingreadytosupporttheGovernmentofNationalAccordinestablishingpeaceandsecurityfortheLibyanpeople.

C.ImmediatemilitaryinterventioninLiby正确答案:A

D.ConcernoverthegrowinginfluenceofIslamicStateinLibya.（2）.WhichofthefollowingisINCORRECTaccordingtothepassage?

A.TheextremistsinLibyaareforcedtoabandontheirterritoryinSyriaandIraq.

B.AccordingtoKerry,thelastthingAmericawantsisafalsecaliphatewithaccesstobillionsofdollarsinoilrevenueinLibya.

C.AunitedLibyangovernmenthasbeensuccessfullyestablishe正确答案:D

D.LongtimedictatorMoammarGaddafiwasoustedin2011.（3）.WhatdidKerryurgehisfellowforeignministerstodo?

A.TopushIslamicStatefightersoutofapproximate40percentofterritorytheycontrolledinIraq.

B.Todonatemoremoneytoastabilizationfundforrebuildingandrestoringservicesdestroyedbyfleeingfighters.

C.TodriveIslamicStatefightersoutofthelandtheyheldinSyriaandadheretotheceasefire.

D.Tostopbombingoppositionfightersandgranthumanitarianaccesstobesiegedtowns.

√（4）.WhatdidtheSyriangovernmentdelegationaccusetheoppositionof?

A.Performinglikeamateursandnotprofessionalpoliticians.

√

B.AcceleratingattacksonhospitalsandcriticalinfrastructurenearthecitiesofAleppoandHoms.

C.Participatinginbombardmentsandsiegesofcivilianareas.

D.PreventingconflictsamongvariousparticipantsoperatingstrikeaircraftoverSyria,IraqandLibya.二、PartIIEnglish-ChineseTranslation6.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage,andthentranslatetheunderlinedparts,numberedfrom【A1】to【A4】,fromEnglishintoChinese.PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.“Time”saystheproverb“ismoney”.Thismeansthateverymomentwell-spentmayputsomemoneyintoourpockets.【A1】Ifourtimeisusefullyemployed，itwilleitherturnoutsomeusefulandimportantpieceofworkwhichwillfetchitspriceinthemarket，oritwilladdtoourexperienceandincreaseourcapacitiessoastoe