新人教版Unit4知识清单高考真题（原卷版）

Unit4知识清单知识清单知识清单重点单词1.chargen.收费;指控;主管vt.收费;控告;充电2.approachn.方法;途径;接近vt.接近;接洽;着手处理vi.靠近3.battlen.战役;搏斗vi.&vt.搏斗;奋斗4.customn.风俗;习俗;习惯5.positionn.位置;姿态;职位6.ensurevt.保证;确保;担保7.chiefadj.最重要的;最高级别的n.首领;上司→(pl.)chiefs8.amountn.数量;金额9.conquervt.占领;征服;控制10.feastn.盛宴;宴会;节日11.rollvi.&vt.(使)翻滚;(使)滚动n.卷(轴);翻滚12.cattlen.牛(总称,用作复数)13.portn.港口(城市)14.nearbyadj.附近的;邻近的adv.在附近15.oceann.大海;海洋16.roarvi.&n.吼叫;咆哮17.philosophyn.哲学18.landscape n.(陆上,尤指乡村的)风景19.honey n.蜂蜜20.snack n.点心;小吃21.gallery n.(艺术作品的)展览馆;画廊22.military adj.军事的;军用的23.butter n.黄油;奶油 vt.涂黄油于24.county n.(英国、爱尔兰的)郡;(美国的)县25.wine n.葡萄酒;果酒26.pub n.酒吧;酒馆词汇拓展1.belongvi.应在(某处);适应→belongingn.归属→belongingsn.所有物;财产2.puzzlen.谜;智力游戏;疑问vt.迷惑;使困惑→puzzledadj.困惑的;迷惑的→puzzlingadj.令人困惑的3.surroundvt.围绕;包围→surroundingadj.周围的→surroundingsn.周围的事物;环境4.eageradj.热切的;渴望的→eagerlyadv.急切地;热心地→eagernessn.热切;渴望5.defencen.防御;保卫→defendvt.&vi.防护;防御;保卫→defensiveadj.防御的;保护的;保卫的6.announcevt.宣布;通知;声称→announcementn.通告;布告;宣布;宣告7.strikingadj.引人注目的;显著的→strikevt.给(某人以……)印象;让(某人)觉得8.crowdn.人群;一群人;民众vt.挤满;使……拥挤→crowdedadj.拥挤的9.greetvt.问候;迎接→greetingn.问候;招呼;迎接10.achievementn.成就;成绩;达到→achievevt.取得;达到11.locationn.地方;地点;位置→locatevt.找出……的位置;把……设置在→locatedadj.坐落于;位于12.legaladj.法律的;合法的→legallyadv.合法地→(反)illegaladj.不合法的;违法的13.generousadj.慷慨的;大方的;丰富的→generosityn.慷慨;大方14.fascinatingadj.极有吸引力的;迷人的→fascinatedadj.被迷住的→fascinatevt.&vi.(使)着迷;(使)迷住15.individualadj.单独的;个别的→individuallyadv.逐个地;作为个人;单独地16.evidencen.证据;证明→evidentadj.明显的→evidentlyadv.明显地17.sensoryadj.感觉的;感官的→sensen.感官;理智;心智→senselessadj.不明智的;无意义的→sensibleadj.明智的→sensitiveadj.善解人意的;敏感的18.poetn.诗人→poemn.诗→poetryn.诗歌重点短语join...to...join...to...把……和……连接或联结起来2．breakaway(fromsb./sth.)脱离；背叛；逃脱3．belongto属于4．aswellas同(一样也)；和；还5．keepyoureyesopen(for)留心；留意重点句型1．Theyusethesameflag，knownastheUnionJack，aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.像拥有同样的货币和国防一样，他们也使用同一面被称为联合杰克的国旗。2．TheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEngland，andmadechangestothelegalsystem.他们在英格兰四处修建城堡，并改革了法律制度。3．Itsbeautifulcountrysideexcitesandinspiresall，offeringsomethingforeachofthesenses.它美丽的乡村给人以激情和灵感，满足各种感官享受。4．Thepeacefullandscapeofthe“EmeraldIsle”anditsmanygreencountiesisatruefeastfortheeyes，withitsrollinggreenhillsdottedwithsheepandcattle.“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。5．Withallthisbeauty，itisnotsurprisingthatIrelandhasdevelopedstrongtraditionsthatincludemusic，dancing，anddining.乡村景色如此优美，在爱尔兰形成这些浓郁的包括音乐、舞蹈以及餐饮方面的传统就一点也不让人觉得奇怪了。课文复述，语境识词课文复述，语境识词课文语法填空TheUnitedKingdomhasseveralnamesandmanypeople1．（confuse)bythem.Inthe16thcentury,thenearbycountryofWaleswasjoinedtotheKingdomofEngland.Later,thecountryScotlandandtheKingdomofIrelandjoinedthecountry2．（form)theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland.3．（final),inthe20thcentury,thesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawayfromtheUnitedKingdom,4．resultedinthefullnametoday:theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.Thefourcountries5．(belong)totheUnitedKingdomworktogetherinsomeareas.Theyusethesameflag,6．(know)astheUnionJack,aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.However,therearesome7．（different)betweenthem.TheUnitedKingdomhasalongandinterestinghistorytoexplore,whichcanhelpyoulearnmoreaboutthecountryanditstraditions.WhereveryougointheUK,youaresurrounded8．evidenceoffourdifferentgroupsofpeoplewhotookoveratdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.Thefirstgroup,theRomans,camein9．firstcentury.Someoftheirgreatachievementsincludedbuildingtownsandroads.Next,theAngloSaxonsarrivedinthefifthcentury.TheyintroducedthebeginningsoftheEnglishlanguage.TheVikingscameintheeighthcentury,leftbehindlotsofnewvocabulary.ThelastgroupweretheNormans.Theyhadcastles10．(build)allaroundEngland,andmadechangestothelegalsystem.考点透析考点透析知识点1.belongvi.应在(某处);适应[教材原句]ThefourcountriesthatbelongtotheUnitedKingdomworktogetherinsomeareas.(P40)属于联合王国的这四个国家在一些地方共同工作。【词块必记】归纳点拨belongto属于；是……的一员belongingn.归属感belongingsn.(pl.)所有物；财物名师点津belongto中的to是介词，该短语既不能用于被动语态，也不能用于进行时态；作后置定语时，常用现在分词形式。【即时练】①Whilethetwoareonlydaysapartinagetheyseemtobelong________whollydifferentgenerations.②Childrenneedasenseof________(belong)．③Peopleslowlygatheredtheir________(belong)andleftthehall.④Manypeoplefeelliketheyneedasenseofcultural________,whichissomethingthatstudyingyourrootsandbeingopen­mindedtotheevolutionofyourculturecanprovide.[完成句子]⑤任何人都没有权力占有属于国家的土地。Anyonehasnorighttotaketheland________________astheirown.⑥Ifyouplanonworkingoutinagym,thatpersonmust_______________.如果你打算在健身房锻炼，你和健身伙伴一定得在同一个健身房。[句式升级]⑦Asisknowntous,Chinaisacountrywhichbelongstodevelopingcountries.→Asisknowntous,Chinaisacountry___________________.【高考真题链接】1.（2024年浙江卷）・语法填空Theoldman’s________(belong)werefoundinasmallboxunderthebed,includingaletterfromhisdaughter.2.（2025年新高考Ⅰ卷・模拟题）（单选）Theculturalrelics________totheTangDynastyarenowondisplayinthemuseum.A.belongB.belongedC.belongingD.tobelong3.（2023年天津卷）・翻译题这块土地自古以来就属于中国，这是不容置疑的事实。2.surroundvt.围绕;包围[教材原句]AlmosteverywhereyougointheUK,youwillbesurroundedbyevidenceoffourdifferentgroupsofpeoplewhotookoveratdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.(P40)你无论走到英国的哪个地方,你会被曾在历史上不同时期占领英国的四个国家的痕迹所环绕。[用法感知]①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftcloudssurroundingthemountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.当他看到河面上升起的薄雾和围绕着山顶的柔软的云团时，他流下了眼泪。当他看到河面上升起的薄雾和围绕着山顶的柔软的云团时，他流下了眼泪。②Ourschoolisbeautiful.Ourteachingbuildingissurroundedwithtreesandflowers.我们学校环境优美。教学楼被花草树木簇拥着。【考点必记】surround...with...用……包围……besurroundedby/with...被……包围surroundingadj.周围的;附近的surroundingsn.周围的事物;环境【即时练】[用所给词的适当形式填空](1)The(surround)areacontainsplentyofnativebushesandsomefamouswalks.(2)(surround)byagroupofyoungpeople,theoldmanfelthappy.(3)Theybuiltthemselveslargevillas(别墅)inthewooded(surround)ofthetown.(4)Lookingaround,Ifoundmyself(surround)byagroupofchildrenfullofcuriosity.(5)Thebutterfly­shapedWuzhizhouIslandislocatedinSanya'sHaitangBayandissurrounded________cleanwatersandstunning(迷人的)scenery.[小情境写作](6)从前,在一个绿树环绕、环境优美的城堡里住着一位国王,他对邻邦十分友好。Onceuponatime,akingwhowaspoliteto___________________________________________.【高考真题链接】1.（2024年天津卷）・语法填空Whenwearrivedatthemountainvillage,weweresurprisedtoseeit________(surround)bygreenforestsandclearstreams.2.（2025年新高考Ⅱ卷）・单选The___(surround)areaofthelakehasbeenturnedintoapark,wherepeoplecanwalkandrelax.surroundB.surroundingC.surroundingsD.surrounded3.（2023年浙江卷）・翻译题这座古城被城墙包围，城内保存着许多明清时期的建筑。3.chargen.收费;指控;主管vt.收费;控告;充电[教材原句]JudyandIhadourcarparkedinanundergroundcarparknearTrafalgarSquare,wherewecouldgetourcarbatterycharged.(P42)朱迪和我把车停在特拉法加广场附近的地下停车场,在那里我们能给我们的车充电。[用法感知]①(以文化人助写作)Theuniverseisnotinthechargeofyou,butyouareinchargeofyourself.你主宰不了宇宙，但你可以主宰你自己。②(2020·天津5月高考)Yourreplacementcardwillbeproducedfreeofcharge.您新换的卡将被免费提供。③Challengeyourselfandtakechargeofyourowngrowthinyourcareer.挑战自己，为自己的职业发展负责。【词块必记】(1)chargesbmoneyforsth因某事向某人收费chargesbwith(doing)sth=accusesbof(doing)sth控告某人(做)某事(2)freeofcharge(=forfree)免费takechargeof...接管/负责……inchargeof...负责/主管……(主语通常为人)inthechargeof...由……管理(主语通常为物)[名师点津]charge表示“控告”时,要用chargesbwithsth,而accuse表达相同意义时,则应用accusesbofsth。【即时练】(1)单句语法填空④—Iwonderhowmuchyoucharge_____yourservices.—ThefirsttwoarefreewhilethethirdcostsD|S30.⑤Themanwhowasincharge_____theshopwaschargedwithsellingfakes.(2)完成句子/一句多译⑥Thepolice______________stealingthejewels.警方指控那个小偷偷窃珠宝。⑦下周主管不在时，我将负责整个工厂。I'll______________thewholefactorynextweekwhenthedirectorisaway.＝I'llbe______________thewholefactorynextweekwhenthedirectorisaway.＝Thewholefactorywillbe______________menextweekwhenthedirectorisaway.【高考真题链接】1.（2024年江苏卷）・单选Thehotel________200yuanforastandardroompernight,whichisquitereasonable.chargesB.costsC.takesD.spends2.（2025年新高考Ⅰ卷）・语法填空Themanwhowas________(charge)withstealingwasfinallyprovedinnocentafterfurtherinvestigation.3.（2023年全国卷Ⅱ）・翻译题这位医生负责这家医院的内科，并且从不向病人额外收费。4.announcevt.宣布;通知;声称[教材原句]Whenwefinallyreachedtheservicedesktoaskforaudioguides,wehearditannouncedthattherewerenoaudioguidesleft.(P42)最后,当我们到服务台去寻找音频指南时,我们听到通知说没有音频指南了。【词块必记】(1)announcesthtosb=announcetosbsth向某人宣布某事Itis/wasannouncedthat...据宣布……announcethat...宣布……;通知……(2)announcementn.公告;发表;宣告;通告makeanannouncement发布通告announcern.播音员,广播员[名师点津]动词announce后不跟双宾语，表示“向某人宣布某事”时应该说announcesth.tosb.或announcetosb.sth.。类似用法的单词还有：suggest,explain,report,say等。【即时练】(1)单句语法填空①Theannouncermadean______(announce)thatallthedetailsshouldbeannouncedthroughthebroadcast.②Encouragereaderstousethelibrary.Sharelibrary_______(announce)sonyoursocialmedia.③It_________(announce)thatthenumberofprimaryschoolsinthatcityhadgrownto114.④他说有幸得到这张机票的女士将在网站上公布出来,整个旅行也会在线分享。Hesaidtheluckywomanwhogottheticket______________andthetripwillbesharedonline.⑤Onedaywithabasketofvegetables,he____________hewasgoingtocookadeliciousdish.一天他带着一篮子的蔬菜，向我们宣布他将烹饪一道佳肴。【高考真题链接】1.（2025年浙江卷）・语法填空Theschoolmadean________(announce)thatthesportsmeetingwouldbeheldnextFriday.2.（2024年北京卷）・单选It________(announce)thatthenewsubwaylinewillopentothepublicnextmonth.isannouncedB.announcesC.announcedD.wasannounced3.（2023年山东卷）・翻译题校长在会上向全体师生宣布了今年的招生计划。5.amountn.金额;数量[教材原句]WefoundourselvesverysurprisedbythelargenumberofvisitorsandtheamountofnoiseattheentranceoftheNationalGallery.(P42)在国家美术馆入口处,大量的游客和吵闹声着实让我们吃了一惊。归纳点拨(1)“ahuge/largeamountof＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数(2)“huge/largeamountsof＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数联想发散表示“大量的”短语还有alargenumberof,agreatdealof,plentyof,alargequantityof,alotof等。①agreatdealof只能修饰不可数名词；alargenumberof只能修饰可数名词复数；②alotof,plentyof,alargequantityof既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。【即时练】①(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Boththefatandthinversionsoftheactortook______________food.这个演员的胖瘦两种版本都吃了大量的食物。②Modernputerscanorganizelargeamounts_________dataveryquickly.③Largeamountsofmoney_________(spend)onthebridge.④Forexample,there_________(be)hugeamountsofinformationwhichIamoftenconfusedtochoosefrom.⑤Anincreasingamountoforganicproduce_________(be)tobefoundonsupermarketshelves.【高考真题链接】1.（2024年全国卷Ⅱ）・语法填空Alargeamountofmoney________(donate)tothedisasterareasofar,helpingpeoplerebuildtheirhomes.2.（2025年新高考Ⅱ卷）・单选Largeamountsofwater________(waste)everydaybecauseoftheleakypipes.iswastedB.arewastedC.wasteD.wastes3.（2023年浙江卷）・翻译题这个项目需要大量的时间和精力，所以我们必须做好充分准备。6.approachn.方法;途径;接近vt.接近;接洽;着手处理vi.靠近[教材原句]Itwashardtoapproachthepaintingasthereweresomanypeoplearound.(P42)因为周围人太多了,所以很难靠近画。[用法感知]①(2020·浙江高考)What'smore,withtheCollegeEntranceExaminationapproaching,wearemakingfullpreparationsforit.更重要的是，随着高考的临近，我们正在为它做充分的准备。②Shealsoapproacheddentiststolearnmoreaboutteethcleaning.她还接近牙医，学习更多有关清洁牙齿的知识。③ApairoflargestonelionspresidemassivelyovertheapproachtotheSummerPalace.一对大型石狮巍然耸立在颐和园的入口处。[归纳点拨](1)approachsb./sth. 接近/靠近某人/某物(2)attheapproachof...(＝with＋n.＋approaching) 在快到……的时候an/theapproachto(doing)sth.(做)某事的方法/途径/……的入口【即时练】(1)单句语法填空④Yesterdayweheldameetingandmadeanapproach_________thelow­carbonlife.⑤Shebrainstormedthepossible_________(approach)shemighttake.⑥_________theapproachoftheCollegeEntranceExamination,somestudentsstayuplatetostudy.(2)词汇复现(替换加黑词汇)⑦Withthetimeforgraduationapproaching,wearebusywithourpapers._________[佳句背诵]WithTeachers’Dayapproaching,ourclassdecidedtoholdapartytocelebratetheimportantdayforachangethisyear.随着教师节的临近,我们班决定改变方式,举行一次聚会来庆祝今年的这个重要的节日。【高考真题链接】1.（2024年新高考Ⅰ卷）・语法填空Thegovernmenthasputforwardanewapproach________(solve)theproblemoftrafficcongestion.2.（2025年天津卷）・单选AstheSpringFestival________(approach),moreandmorepeoplestarttoprepareforfamilyreunions.approachesB.isapproachingC.approachedD.willapproach3.（2023年江苏卷）・翻译题我们需要找到一种新方法来提高学习效率，而不是一味地延长学习时间。7.eageradj.热切的;渴望的[教材原句]Iwaseagertoseethat...(P43)我急切地想看到……【考点必记】(1)beeagerfor...急于得到……beeagertodosth渴望做某事beeagerthat...热切希望……(从句谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可省略)(2)eagerlyadv.急切地;渴望地;热心地eagernessn.渴望;热心witheagerness热切地【即时练】单句语法填空Sheiseager__________(succeed).Ifyouareavailableandhavetheeagerness,pleasesignupforitbye­mail.Thelittlegirl,whoishelpedbytheProjectHope,iseager_________knowledgeandeager_________(make)progress.词汇复现(替换加黑词汇)Weareeagertoseeyourwonderfulperformances.__________________【高考真题链接】1.（2025年江苏模拟）・语法填空Thechildrenareeager________(visit)thezoothisweekend,astheyhaveneverseenarealpandabefore.2.（2024年天津卷）・单选Her________(eager)tolearnnewthingsmadeheroneofthetopstudentsintheclass.eagerB.eagernessC.eagerlyD.eagernesses3.（2023年浙江卷）・翻译题年轻人们热切地希望参与社区志愿服务，为社会贡献自己的力量。8.breakaway(fromsb/sth)脱离;背叛;逃脱[教材原句]Finally,inthe20thcentury,thesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawayfromtheUK,whichresultedinthefullnamewehavetoday:theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.(P40)最后,在20世纪,爱尔兰南部脱离了联合王国,导致了我们现在的全称:大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。【词块必记】breakinto强行闯入;忽然开始(大笑、唱歌、欢呼等)breakoff断开;停顿;中断breakin强行进入;打断;插嘴breakout(战争等)突然发生,爆发breakup分解;打碎;破裂;分手breakdown发生故障;垮掉;失败;失控崩溃【即时练】[用break的相关短语填空](1)Sheistryingto____________thebadhabit,whichmakesherparentshappy.

(2)AsthePresident’scararrived,thecrowd____________loudapplause.

(3)Whenthenewscamethatthewar____________,hedecidedtoserveinthearmy.

(4)Closethedoorandwindowscarefullytopreventsomestrangers____________.

[完成句子](5)Thetruckmydaddroveoften_______________,whichmademydadintrouble.我父亲驾驶的汽车常在路上出故障，这使我父亲陷入麻烦。【高考真题链接】1.（2024年全国卷Ⅲ）・语法填空Thecar________(break)downonthewaytotheairport,sowehadtotakeataxi.2.（2025年新高考Ⅰ卷）・单选Whenthefire________(break)out,thefirefightersarrivedquicklyandputitoutin10minutes.brokeB.breaksC.wasbreakingD.willbreak3.（2023年江苏卷）・翻译题这个地区在1999年脱离了原国家，成为一个独立的共和国。9.aswellas同(一样也);和;还[教材原句]Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack,aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.(P40)它们用同样的英国国旗,还分享同样的货币和军事防御。[归纳点拨](1)aswellas常在句中连接两个并列的句子成分(若连接主语及其附属成分时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致)；(2)aswell“除……之外；也；还”，常位于肯定句句末，无需用逗号与句子分开。【即时练】单句语法填空(1)Thebasketballcoach,aswellashisteam,___________(interview)shortlyafterthematchfortheiroutstandingperformance.

(2)Aswellas___________(write)stories,Ilovereadingandlisteningtomusic.③Theteacheraswellashisstudents___________(interest)inthefilm.④ManystudentsaswellasTom___________(be)presentatthemeeting.(2)完成句子⑤IcanspeakfluentEnglishand_____________________.我会说流利的英语，也会说法语。⑥Youwillalwayshavethebad______________________.人生在世总是有苦有甜。答案:(1)wasinterviewed(2)writing③wasinterested④were⑤IcanspeakFrenchaswell⑥aswellasthegoodintheworld【高考真题链接】1.2024年新高考Ⅱ卷・语法填空Theteacheraswellasherstudents________(be)interestedinthenewscienceexhibition.2.2025年天津卷・单选Sheenjoysreading________wellaswriting,andhaspublishedtwonovels.asB.soC.tooD.also3.2023年山东卷・翻译题他不仅擅长打篮球，还会弹钢琴，经常在学校文艺晚会上表演。10.keepyoureyesopen(for)留心；留意(教材P41)【即时练】单句语法填空①(牛津高阶)IhopeIneverseteyes________thisplaceagain!②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Soinsteadoftyinghimup,Ijustkept________closeeyeonhim.单句表达③(剑桥高阶)突然的一动引起了我的注意。Asuddenmovement________________．④(柯林斯词典)我要求巡逻骑警密切注意。Iaskthemountedpatrolto__________________________．【高考真题链接】1.（2025年浙江卷）・语法填空Keep________eyeonthechildwhenheplaysnearthepool,incasehefallsin.2.（2024年江苏卷）・单选Asuddenmovementinthebushes________(catch)hereye,andshestoppedtolookcarefully.caughtB.catchesC.iscatchingD.willcatch3.（2023年天津卷）・翻译题在陌生的城市旅行时，要留意周围的环境，确保自身安全。11.ifany如果有的话[教材原句]Sowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem,ifany?(P40)那么如果有区别的话,那区别是什么呢?(1)句中的ifany是ifthereisanydifference的省略形式。ifany为省略句式，意为“如果有的话”，if用作连词。①Pleaseletmeknowhowmanyareing,ifany.如果有人要来的话，请让我知道有多少。(2)ifnot“如果不这样的话”。②Areyoupressedfortime?Ifnot,Isuggestwehavelunch.你时间紧吗？如果不紧的话，我建议我们一起吃午饭。(3)ifso“如果这样的话”。③(2020·天津7月高考)Hasitbeenawhilesinceyourlastvisittoapubliclibrary？Ifso,youmaybesurprisedtolearnthatlibrarieshavechangedforthebetter.你有一段时间没有去公共图书馆了吗？如果是这样，你可能会惊讶地发现图书馆已经变得更好了。(4)ifever“如果曾经有的话”。④Sheseldom,ifever,goestothetheatre.如果曾经有的话，她也很少去看戏。(5)ifnecessary“如果有必要的话”。⑤Ifnecessary,youmightcalltoaskforabreak.如果有必要，你可以打电话请假。(6)ifpossible“如果有可能的话”。⑥Ifpossible,oftentellheryourfeelingsaboutthethingsaroundyou.如果可能的话，经常告诉她你对周围事物的感受。【即时练】[完成句子](1)下周你会有一个晚上有空吗?如果有,让我们一起吃顿饭吧。Willyougetafreeeveningnextweek?___________,let’shaveadinner.(2)大家感到冷吗?如果不冷,让我们把窗户打开吧。Iseverybodyfeelingcold?___________,let’sopenthewindow.(3)如果有必要的话,你可以向我求助。___________,youcanturntomeforhelp.(4)试着找出这两个单词的不同点。如果有,请说出来。Pleasetrytofindoutthedifferencesbetweenthetwowords.___________,speakitout.【高考真题链接】1.（2024年全国卷Ⅰ）・语法填空Pleaseletmeknowifthereareanychanges,orif________,wewillstartasplanned.2.（2025年新高考Ⅱ卷）・单选Doyouhaveanysparetimethisweekend?________any,let’sgotothecinema.IfB.IfnotC.IfsoD.Ifever3.（2023年浙江卷）・翻译题如果有必要，你可以随时打电话给我，我会尽力帮你。12.“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构[教材原句]Thepeacefullandscapeofthe“EmeraldIsle”anditsmanygreencountiesisatruefeastfortheeyes,withitsrollinggreenhillsdottedwithsheepandcattle.(P44)“绿宝石(爱尔兰)”风光宁静秀美,郡县草木葱茏,青山连绵起伏,牛羊点缀其中,堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。【词块必记】with复合结构的常见形式：witheq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(sb./sth.doing表示主动、进行,sth.done表示被动、完成,sth.todo表示将来))【即时练】①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Instead,oneactivist,dressedinafull­bodymonkeysuit,hadarrivedwithasign________(praise)thefilmmakers:“Thanksfornotusingrealapes(猿)！”②Withagreatweight________(take)offhermind,shepassedallthetestssuccessfully.③Withalotofwork________(do),shewasn'tallowedtoleaveheroffice.④Theoldcoupleoftentakeawalkaftersupperintheparkwiththeirpetdog________(follow)them.⑤Withmanybrightly­colouredflowers________(plant)aroundthebuilding,hishouselookslikeabeautifulgarden.⑥Withsomanythings________(consider),wehaven'tdecidedonthefinalplanyet.【高考真题链接】1.（2024年浙江卷）・语法填空Withallthework________(finish),wewentouttohaveacelebrationdinner.2.（2025年新高考Ⅰ卷）・单选Theteachercameintotheclassroomwithabook________(hold)inhishand.holdingB.heldC.toholdD.hold3.（2023年全国卷Ⅱ）・翻译题她站在窗前，看着外面飘落的雪花，陷入了沉思。语法点Grammar过去分词作定语和宾语补足语过去分词(pastparticiple)是分词的一种。规则动词的过去分词一般是由动词加­ed构成，不规则动词的过去分词见不规则动词表(见教材P114－P115)。[观察例句]1．Beforetheshow，hundredsofexcitedvisitorswaitedintheirseatseagerly.2．eandreadthepoemwrittenbyaneight­year­oldboy!3．Ifeltmyselfoftenconfusedatfirst.4．Shehadherpaintingboxedsoitwasdeliveredsafely.[归纳用法]一、过去分词作定语1．意义及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动，只表示完成。(1)表示被动和完成apollutedriver一条被污染的河流thewateredflowers浇过水的花(2)只表示完成，不表示被动fallenleaves落叶therisensun升起的太阳2．位置单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在所修饰词的前面；过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在后面，其作用相当于一个定语从句。Awatchedpotneverboils.[谚语]心急锅不开。Thestudentdressedinwhiteismydaughter.＝Thestudentwhoisdressedinwhiteismydaughter.穿白色衣服的那个学生是我女儿。3．现在分词与过去分词作定语的区别现在分词作定语表主动或进行；而过去分词作定语时，表被动或完成。形式语态时态过去分词被动完成现在分词主动进行Thecarbelongingtomyunclewasstolenlastweek.我叔叔的那辆车上周被盗了。Thebridgebuiltin2013wasdesignedbyalocalpany.2013年建造的这座大桥是由一家当地公司设计的。4．难点突破三种非谓语形式作定语所表示的内涵：done被动的动作已经完成beingdone被动的动作正在发生tobedone被动的动作将要发生Themeetingheldyesterdayisveryimportant.昨天开的会很重要。Allthemembersoftheteamhaveattendedthemeetingbeingheld.所有的队员都出席了正在举行的会议。Itissaidthatthereisameetingtobeheldinthehalltomorrow.据说明天这个大厅有个会议要举行。二、过去分词作宾语补足语1．过去分词作宾语补足语与宾语的关系过去分词作宾语补足语与宾语有着动宾关系，宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。HewatchedtheTVsetcarriedoutoftheroom.他看着电视机被搬出了房间。Lastyeartheyhadthehouserebuilt.去年他们让人重建了房子。2．几类能够接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词(短语)(1)表示感觉或心理状态的动词(短语)，如see，watch，observe，find，lookat，hear，listento，feel，notice，think等。IheardthesongsunginEnglish.我听到有人用英语唱这首歌。Whenwegottoschool，wesawthedoorlocked.当我们到学校时，看见门锁着。(2)表示“致、使”意义的动词，如have，make，get，keep，leave等。TheymanagedtomakethemselvesunderstoodbyusingverysimpleEnglish.他们用了很简易的英语以使别人听懂。Don'tleavethosethingsundone.要把那些事情做完。[名师点津]“have＋宾语＋过去分词”可以表示三种含义：①表示“让某人做某事”I'llhavemyhaircuttomorrow.明天我要去理发。②表示“遭遇某种不幸；受到打击”Hehadhiswalletstolen.他的钱包被偷了。③做某事(主语可能参与其中)Ihadmyhouserepairedlastweek.上周，我修补了房子。(3)表示“希望、要求”等意义的动词，如like，want，wish，order等。Theteacherdoesn'twishsuchquestions(tobe)discussedinclass.老师不希望在课堂上讨论这样的问题。Thepolice，findingthefilmunhealthy，ordereditbanned.警察发现这部电影不健康，令其禁演。3．“with＋宾语＋过去分词”结构在“with＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词用作介词with的宾语补足语，这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。Withwaterheated，wecanseethesteam.水一被加热，我们就会看到水蒸气。Shestoodinfrontofhim，withhereyesfixedonhisface.她站在他面前，眼睛注视着他的脸。4．过去分词/现在分词/不定式作宾语补足语的区别(1)感官动词后接复合宾语的比较感官动词(短语)(一感：feel；二听：hear，listento；四看：see，notice，observe，watch)的宾语补足语主要有三种形式，试比较(以see为例)：see＋宾语＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(doingsth.看见……,正在做……,dosth.看见……,做了……))\a\vs4\al(（宾语与宾语,补足语之间为,逻辑上的主动,关系）),done看见……被做（宾语与宾语补足语,之间为逻辑上的被动关系）))IheardhersinganEnglishsongjustnow.刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。(主动，完成)IheardhersinginganEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.昨天经过她房间时，我听见她正在唱英文歌。(主动，正在进行)TolearnEnglishwell，weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglishspokenasmuchaspossible.为了学好英语，我们应该寻找机会并尽可能多地听别人说英语。(被动，无时间性)(2)使役动词make，have，get，keep，let后加复合宾语的比较(以make，have为例)：①make＋宾语＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(dosth.让……做某事,（宾语与宾语补足语之间为,逻辑上的主动关系）,done让……被做,（宾语与宾语补足语之间为,逻辑上的被动关系）))Hemadehisworkerswork12hoursaday.他让他的工人们每天工作12个小时。Hetriedtomakehimselfunderstood.他尽量使自己被理解。②have＋宾语＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(dosth.使……做某事,doingsth.使……持续,做某事))\a\vs4\al(（宾语与宾语,补足语之间,为逻辑上的,主动关系）),done使……被做/遭受（宾语与宾语,补足语之间为逻辑上的被动关系）))have还可用于havesth.todo结构，该结构中have作“有”讲，不定式作定语。Ihavesomethingurgenttoinformyou.我有很紧急的事要通知你们。(3)with复合结构中补足语的比较witheq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(sb./sth.doing（表示主动、进行）,sth.done（表示被动、完成）,sth.todo（表示主动、将来）))Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner，andwithhisworkfinished，hegladlyacceptedit.约翰收到一个晚餐邀请而且他的工作也干完了，他就欣然接受了邀请。Withalotofdifficultproblemstosettle，thenewlyelectedpresidentishavingahardtime.因为有很多难题要解决，这位新任总统的日子不好过。一．单句语法填空1.Theymakegreatgiftsandyouseethemmanytimes__________(decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.2.The80,000objects__________(collect)bySirHansSloane,forexample,formedthecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseumwhichopenedin1759.3.Mostcollegesnowofferfirstyearstudentsacoursespecially__________(design)tohelpthemsucceedacademicallyandpersonally.4.China’simageisimprovingsteadily,withitsrole__________(recognize)bymorecountriesininternationalaffairs.5.Data__________(collect)fromthedevicecoul