2025-2026学年辽宁名校联盟高三上学期8月联考英语试卷

2025-2026学年辽宁名校联盟高三上学期8月联考英语试卷一、阅读理解(★★★)Jupiter’sGreatRedSpotJupiter’sGreatRedSpotisamassive,persistentstormsystemraginginthegasgiant’ssouthernhemisphereforatleast193years(observedcontinuouslysince1831).WiderthanEarthdespiterecentshrinkage,thishigh-pressurevortex(漩涡)spinscounterclockwisewithwindsexceeding267mphatitsedges.Itssalmon-pinktoredlikelycausedbysunlightbreakingapartatmosphericchemicalslikeammoniumhydrosulfide(硫化氢铵)intodimredchemicals.Saturn’sRingsSaturn’sringsareabreathtakingcrown,composedofbillionsoficeandrockparticles—rangingfromdusttomountain-sizedrocksorbitingtheplanet.Spanningupto280,000km,theseinitialicypiecesreflectsunlightwithetherealgloryofredlight,creatingaprofoundvisioneventhroughsmalltelescopes.Itsspinningcrownisformedfromcornets’smashasthey’retrappedwithinSaturn’sRochelimit(洛希极限),whichisakeydistancethatdetermineshowcloseaplanetcanapproachalargermassivebodybeforebeingtornapartbytidalforces(潮汐力).Supernova(超新星)Asupernovamarksthecatastrophicdeathofamassivestar,unleashinginsecondsmoreenergythanourSunwillreleaseoveritsentire10-billion-yearlifespan.Asthestar’scorecollapsesorundergoesuncontrollablenuclearfusion,itwillbrieflyshineseverystarinitshostgalaxy.Observableforweeksbeforefading,supernovaturnsintoneutronstars(中子星)orblackholes,whiletheirshockwavestriggerstarformation.1.WhatcanweknowabouttheJupiter’sGreatRedSpot?

A．Thestormsystemappearedin1831initially.B．Itisnolongerlargerthantheearthafteritsshrinkage.C．Itspinsinahighspeedwithspecificpatterns.D．Physicalchangesleadtoitscolorappearance.2.WhatisthecommonpartofSaturn’sRingsandSupernova?

A．Colorfullightswillbeinvolved.B．Transformsoccurintheirformingprocess.C．Bothcanbeseenwithnakedeyes.D．massiveenergywillbereleased.3.Whatmaythepassagebe?

A．Anastronomicalnovel.B．Adigestonuniversalphenomenon.C．Anabstractaboutthegalaxyorbits.D．Anessayaboutplanets’factsintheuniverse.(★★★)IhavebeenstudyingtheFrenchlanguageforthreeyears.Thisfieldofstudyhasbeenthehardestbutmostpreciousofmylife.IwouldputitabovethestudyofwritingsimplybecauseIstartedwritingasa6-year-oldboyundermymother’sguidance.Ialways“felt”Icouldwrite.Ididnotalways“feel”Icouldstudyaforeignlanguageeffectively.ButhereIam,rightnow,inaFrenchhotel.IspokeFrenchattheborder,whenIcheckedinandwhenIwenttogetlunch.Ifailtospeakwithfluency.Imishearwords.Ican’treallyusecomplicatedgrammar.Butmywordsareperfectlyunderstandableandservetheirpurpose.Ifeel,asIalwaysdo,likeIamlostinthedark,butwitheachmisstep,Ifindmywaymoreclearly.Ididn’tfeelitwhenreadingFrenchnovels;Ididn’tfeelitatschool.IjustfeltitwhenIfirstarrivedParis.I’memphasizingfeelingsbecause,whenstudying,theyareasimportantasanyreality.Thefearofmakingmistakesfeedsthehopelessnessandmakeslearnersquit.Itisnotthestudyoflanguagethatishard.Itisthefeelingsofwhoyouareatthepresentlevelandpessimisticbeliefofwhoyouwillalwaysbethatmakeithard.Thetransformationtoturnstrugglesintogrowthiswhattrulymakeslearningalife-changingjourney.Maybeoneday,someonewillsaysomethingtomethatIdonotunderstand,andinthatmoment.Imayfeelabitdiscouraged.Butnow,Ifeelasenseofbeinghigh.Thesemomentsofconfidenceandmotivationareprecious,fortheyremindmeofhowfarI’vecome.Theyarenotthenorm(常态),though.Thetruthis,thelowsarewhatIencountermoreoften.Theyarepartofthelearningprocess,partofthetransformationthatshapesusintobetterversionsofourselves.Andyet,itisthroughtheselawsthatIamconstantlylearningandgrowing.4.HowdoestheauthorfeelaboutmakingmistakesinFrench?

A．Awkward.B．Hopeless.C．Competent.D．Rewarding.5.Whydoestheauthoremphasizefeelings?

A．TohighlighthisstrugglesinlearningFrench.B．Toshowthatpositivethinkingcandrivegrowth.C．Toillustratethatpeopleshouldfollowtheirhearts.D．Toclarifyhisexperienceinmindsettransformation.6.Accordingtotheauthor,whatistherealchallengeinlearningalanguage?

A．Masteringcomplicatedgrammar.B．Overcomingthefearofmakingmistakes.C．Findingenoughtimetostudy.D．Understandingnativespeakers.7.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A．Thelowsarealwaysfollowedbyhighs.B．Feelingconfidentshouldbemadeanorm.C．Strugglesareanessentialpartoflearning.D．Theupsaretherealtimeswhenlearningoccurs.(★★★★★)Nietzsche(尼采)waswrong:Whenyougazelongenoughintotheabyss(深渊),theabyssdoesnotgazebackintoyou.Instead,thecosmic(宇宙的)void(空白)remainssilentandfrighteninginitsvastness.Whenlookingatthevastemptinessoftheuniverse,thereisatemptation(诱惑)tolookatourtinyworldwithnihilism(虚无主义).Tofeelthatourgreatachievementsamounttonothing.Thatourhistoryfailstoleaveamark.Thatourconcernsandanxietiesarepointless.I’macosmologist,thekindofscientistwhostudiestheorigin,historyandevolutionoftheuniverse.Ihavespentyearsworkingtounderstandwhatcosmicvoidsteachus.Andinthecourseofmystudies,Ihavelearnedtorejectthattemptation.It’struethatEarthisneitherlargenorlong-lived,butthatisonlyonewayofmeasuringsignificance.Comparedwiththecosmicvoids,thereissomethingspecialhappeningonourplanet.Earthisstilltheonlyknownplaceintheentireuniversewhereconsciousbeingsraisetheircuriouseyestotheskyandwonder.Earthistheonlyknownplacewherehumanscanexist.Itistheonlyknownplacewherelaughter,love,angerandjoyexist.Theonlyknownplacewherewecanfinddance,music,andart.Ourdisagreementsandallthebeautifulcomplexitiesthatmakeushumanaren’tmeaningless.Theexperiencesinourlivesarespecialbecausetheywillneverhappenintheemptyexpanseofmostoftheuniverse.Thesamelessonsthatcosmicvoidsteachusarefoundinthevoidsweencounterinourownlives.Thepresenceofvoidsguaranteestheopposite;theycreatecontrast;theyarefullofpotential.Thepainwefeelfromlossisthelastreminderofthegiftofalifedeeplyloved.Thesilencebeforeaperformanceisfullofelectricexpectation.Ourchoicetoignorestressfulnewsisnecessarytoallowustofocusonwhattrulymatters.Artistshavelongunderstoodthepowerofthevoid.The12th-centurypoetSaigyonotedthatthepausesbetweenraindropswereasimportantasthedropsthemselves.ThefamedarchitectRemcelebratedtheusefulnessofnegativespaces,declaring,“Wherethereisnothing,everythingispossible.”Theuniversewon’tdoanythingforusexceptgiveusthefreedomtoexist.Itisourjobtofilltheuniversewithmeaningandpurpose.8.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestaboutthe“temptation”inparagraph2?

A．Itreflectshumanity’sfearofcosmicemptiness.B．Itstrengthenspeople’sscientificcuriosityaboutthevoid.C．ItleadspeopletounderstateEarth’suniquequalities.D．Itcomesfromtheuniverse’scoldnesstohumanexistence.9.Whydoestheauthorrejectthetemptation?

A．Heisacosmologistwhobelievesscience.B．Earthremainstheonlyknownhomeforhumanexperiences.C．Humanexperiencesdifferfromthoseinvoids.D．Earth’ssmallsizeandshortlifemakesitunique.10.Whatisthemainpurposeofparagraph5?

A．Toexplainwhyvoidsexistinuniverseandlife.B．Tosuggestpeopleshouldremoveemptyspacesinlife.C．Toanalyzehowemptinessinlifeofferssignificance.D．Toprovefillingemptyspacescreatesgreaterpurpose.11.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A．CosmicVoids:AScientist’sTechnicalAnalysisB．FillingtheEmptiness:FindingMeaningintheVastUniverseC．NietzscheRevisited:WhenPhilosophyMeetsAstronomyD．TheSilentUniverse:WhyOurExistenceMeansNothing(★★★★★)Chinesescientistshavemadeasignificantbreakthroughinproducinghydrogenfromwaterusinglight.Theyaddedscandium(钪)totitaniumdioxide(二氧化钛,TiO₂)tocreateanewTiO₂structure.Thisinnovationincreaseshydrogenproductionefficiency15timesundersunlightcomparedtopreviousTiO₂materials.Thenewperformanceofphotocatalys,whichisachemicalreactionthatisacceleratedbytheabsorptionoflightbyacatalyst(催化剂)isdueto5%scandiumdoping.ThiscreatesTiO₂particleswithtwocrystalfacets(面):{101}and{110}.The{101}facetcollectselectrons,whilethe{110}facetreceivesholes.ThisarrangementproducesastrongelectricfieldwithintheTiO₂particles,enhancingchargetransportefficiency.Asaresult,thephotoinduced(光诱导的)chargeseparationefficiencyhasimprovedover200times,andthequantumefficiencyforultravioletlightat360nmhasexceeded30%.Comparedtotraditionalsolarhydrogenproductionmethodslikephotovoltaic-poweredelectrolysis,thisnewapproachissimplerandmorecost-effective.Traditionalmethodsrequirecomplexandexpensiveequipment,whileTiO₂-basedphotocatalystsofferamorestraightforwardalternative.However,TiO₂hasaproblem:photoexcitedelectronsandholesreunitequickly,reducingefficiency.Thescandium-dopedTiO₂solvesthisproblemintwoways:1.EliminatingChargeTraps:Sc³⁺ionsfitwellintotheTiO₂structurewithoutcausingdistortion.Theirstable+3chargeneutralizestheimbalancecausedbyoxygenvacancies,reducingelectron-holerecombination.2.ReconstructingtheCrystalSurface:Scandiumatomsrearrangethecrystalsurfacetoformspecificfacets,givingelectronsandholesmoretimeandspacetoparticipateinreactions.Ifmadeintoa100m²photocatalyticpanel,thismaterialcouldgenerateenoughhydrogeninonedaytopowerahydrogenfuelcellvehicletotravelabout68kilometers.Chinahastheworld’slargestTiO₂productioncapacityandsignificantscandiumreserves,sothisdiscoverycouldfacilitatethelarge-scaleindustrialapplicationofphotocatalyticwatersplittingtechnology.Itoffersapromisingwayformoreefficientandeconomicalhydrogenproduction,whichiscrucialfortransitioningtosustainableandcarbon-neutralenergysystems.Thisadvancementhighlightsthepotentialofrare-earthelementsinimprovingphotocatalyticmaterials.Astheworldseekswaystoreducecarbonemissionsandcombatclimatechange,thisscandium-dopedTiO₂photocatalystprovideshope.Itcouldacceleratetheadoptionofhydrogenasacleanenergycarrierandsupportthedevelopmentofhydrogen-poweredtechnologiesacrossvariousindustries.Insummary,thisnewscandium-dopedTiO₂photocatalystisamajorstepforwardinrenewableenergy.Itsimpressiveperformanceandpotentialforwidespreadapplicationbringusclosertoafuturewhereclean,sustainablehydrogenenergyisbothabundantandeconomicallyfeasible.Thisbreakthroughisexpectedtoinspirefurtherresearchandinnovationinthedesignofadvancedphotocatalyticmaterials,drivingtheworldclosertoacarbon-neutralandsustainableenergyfuture.12.Whatfundamentalinnovationenablesthedramaticimprovementinhydrogenproductionefficiency?

A．Substitutingrare-earthelementsfortraditionalcatalysts.B．Optimizingcatalyststructurethroughelementalintegration.C．Developingultra-thinsemiconductormembranelayers.D．Implementingmulti-stagephotovoltaicconversionsystems.13.Whichdualmechanismaddressestherapidrecombinationofelectronsandholes?

A．Neutralizingionicimbalancesandrestructuringreactivepathways.B．Enhancingphotonabsorptionandextendingwavelengthranges.C．Introducingmagneticfieldsandcoolingthermalbyproducts.D．Isolatingoxygenmoleculesandpressurizingreactionchambers.14.ConsideringChina’sindustrialcontext,whichfactorwouldmostcriticallydeterminethescalabilityofthistechnology?

A．Globalmarketdemandforhydrogenvehicles.B．Availabilityofspecializedmanufacturingequipment.C．Domesticmineralresourcedistributionpatterns.D．Internationalcarbonemissionregulations.15.Arenewableenergystartupplanstopilotthistechnology.Whichimplementationchallengealignswiththestatement“photoexcitedelectronsandholesreunitequickly”(para.3)?

A．Maintainingstablelightintensityacrosslargesurfaceareas.B．Preventingprematureenergylossduringchargemigration.C．Scalingupultravioletlightfiltrationsystems.D．Balancingproductioncostswithcatalystdurability.(★★★★)Music’sroleismuchmorethanentertainment.Scientificstudiesshowitactivatesnearlyeverybrainregionandkeepslotsofbrainnetworksstrong,includingthosenetworksaboutemotion,happiness,movementandlearning.16Forexample,hospitalsusecalmingmusictoeasepatients’anxietybeforeoperation,whichprovesmusiccantouchemotionsbeyondwords.Neuroscientistsfindthatfamiliarsongssetoffdopamine(多巴胺)release,creatingnaturaljoywithoutmedication.Musicalsobuildsbridgeswherewordsfail.AtglobaleventsliketheOlympics,nationalanthems(国歌)uniteaudience,stirringupstrongemotionalresonance(共鸣).17Theresultturnedoutasexpected.ResearchersfromMITfoundthatsinginginachoirmayreducelonelinessandincreaseinterestinlifeamongdiverseolderadults,includingthosewithAlzheimer’sdiseasewholostsomememory.18StudiesshowedthatmusictherapycanhelpolderadultswithParkinson’sdiseaseandothermovementdisordersimprovetheirwalkingandreducefalls.Musicimprovestheperformanceinstudy.19Moresurprisingly,languagelearnersmasteringvocabularythroughsonglyricsprogressed30%fasterthantraditionalmethods.Studentslearningartreporthigherproductivitywithbackgroundinstrumentalmusic—brainwavesynchronizationexplainsthisboost.Everyonecanaccessitsbenefitswithouttraining.Tryexploringfreemusicapps,sharingmeaningfulsongswithfriends,orattendinglocalconcerts.Evensingingsoftlytoyourselfwhenstressedcanlowerbloodpressure.20Itspoweriseverywhere,readyforyoutofindanduse.

A．Musichelpstheoldpeoplefeelmuchhappier.B．Musicevenshowspromiseinpreventinginjury.C．Musicprovidesemotionalbenefitsinmanyways.D．Doctorsoftenplaysoftmusictorelaxthepatients.E．AsPlatonoted,“Musicgivessoultotheuniverse.”F．Studentslisteningtoclassicalpiecesshow20%betterconcentration.G．Scientistsexaminedwhethermusiccouldimproveoldpeople’swell-being.二、完形填空(★★★★★)“Honestyisthebestpolicy”isacommonsaying,butinmanysituations,peopledonotwanttohearthetruth.Whetherit’safactoflifethatthey_______wereotherwiseoracriticismoftheirbehavior,everyonehastruthsthattheywanttoignore.Thesetruthsarecalledtruthbombs,especiallywhentheyaretoldina_______way.Thiscomparisonshowsthattruthcancausedamageifnothandledwell.Sometimeswedroptruthbombsoutofanger.Wemay_______ourwordsbysayingthatweneedtoexpressouremotionsortohelptheotherpersonchangetheirways.Butoftenweusethetruthasa(n)_______tomaketheotherpersonfeelbadandtorepaythemforwhattheydid.Truthbombsrarelyleadtoproductivediscussionbecausetheycausea_______reaction.Thereceivermay_______thecriticismorcounteritwithatruthbomboftheirown.Truthbombsalsooftenfailtorepresentthewholetruth.Angercanmakeitdifficulttoseethebigpicture,leadingtoan_______misrepresentationofthetruth.Sometimespeopledoneedtohearhardtruths.Pretendingthatproblemsdonot_______canweakentrustjustasmuchasdroppingtruthbombscan.Andfailingtoaddressproblemsinrelationshipscanleadtohatred,whichmay_______boiloverintoconflict.Butitispossibleto________truthwithoutturningitintoabomb.Herearesomewaystodothat:●Payattentiontotiming.Itisoftenhelpfultogivethepersonsomeadvance________sotheyhavetimetomentallyprepare.●Askquestions.Don’tmake________aboutpeople’smotivation,butaskthemthereasonsfortheiractions.Alsoaskifthereareproblemsthatare________theirmistakesthatyoucouldhelpwith.Thesequestionswillhelpyougraspthesituationmorefully,andtherecipientmayacceptthecriticismmoreeasily.●Beasspecificaspossibleabouttheproblem.Avoidsweepingstatementsandgeneralizationsthatusetermssuchas“________”and“never.”Bypresentingtruthandaddressingproblemsinaconstructiveway,youcanstrengthenrelationshipsandavoidtheemotional________.21.A．declareB．wishC．foreseeD．show22.A．friendlyB．logicalC．harshD．concrete23.A．repeatB．justifyC．digestD．misuse24.A．anchorB．trialC．patternD．weapon25.A．defensiveB．positiveC．creativeD．comparative26.A．acceptB．analyzeC．encounterD．reject27.A．accidentalB．additionalC．intentionalD．external28.A．disappearB．swingC．existD．pause29.A．eventuallyB．regularlyC．equallyD．violently30.A．spreadB．stretchC．communicateD．cover31.A．planningB．warningC．trainingD．modelling32.A．inquiriesB．confessionsC．assumptionsD．adjustments33.A．mixingwithB．puttingoffC．settingoutD．contributingto34.A．alwaysB．relativelyC．perhapsD．initially35.A．responseB．damageC．supportD．experience三、语法填空(★★★)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Duringtheenergycrisisinthe1970s,Dutchresearchersbegantopaycloseattentiontothecountry’senergyusage.InonesuburbnearAmsterdam,theyfoundthatsomehomeownersused30percentlessenergythantheirneighbours36thehomesbeingofsimilarsizeandgettingelectricityforthesameprice.Itturnedoutthatthehousesinthisneighborhoodwerenearlyidenticalexceptforonefeature:thelocationoftheelectricalmeter.Somehadoneinthebasement.37hadtheelectricalmeterupstairsinthemainhallway.38youmayguess,thehomeswiththemeterslocatedinthemainhallwayusedlesselectricity.Whentheirenergyusewasobviousandeasytotrack,peoplechangedtheirbehavior.Everyhabit39(initiate)byacue,andwearemorelikelytonoticecuesthatstandout.Unfortunately,theenvironmentswhereweliveandworkoftenmakeiteasynottodocertainactions40thereisnoobviouscuetotriggerthebehavior.Whenthecuesthatsparkahabitaresubtleorhidden,theyareeasy41(ignore).Bycomparison,creatingobviousvisualcuescandrawyourattentiontowarda42(desire)habit.I’veexperiencedthepowerofobviouscuesinmyownlife.Iusedtobuyapplesfromthestore,puttheminthecrisperinthebottomoftherefrigerator,andforgetallaboutthem.BythetimeIremembered,theapples43(go)bad,Ineversawthem,soIneveratethem.Eventually,Itookmyownadviceandredesignedmyenvironment.Iboughtalargedisplaybowlandplaceditinthemiddleofthekitchencounter.ThenexttimeIboughtapples,thatwas44theywent.Almostlikemagic,Ibeganeatingafewappleseachdaysimplybecausetheywereobvious,45(facilitate)theformationofahealthyeatinghabitratherthankeepingthemoutofsight.四、书信写作(★★)46.近期，你校英文报开展“鑫鑫杯”英语作文比赛，比赛主题为“我身边值得敬佩或敬爱的人”，请你结合比赛主题写一篇作文参加比赛。内容包括：1.人物个人经历；2.对他/她敬佩或敬爱的原因。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.文中不得出现真实学校、班级、姓名等个人信息。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________五、书面表达(★★★★)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Itwasthesummerof2019,andIwaspartofateamofeightclimbersattemptingtoreachthetopofMountRainierinWashingtonState.Wehadbeentrainingforoverayear,preparingforthephysicalandmentalchallengesoftheclimb.Ourteam,composedofexperiencedmountaineersandafewbeginnerslikemyself,hadgrowncloseduringourtrainingsessions.Wereliedoneachotherforsupport,encouragement,andmotivation.Ifsomeonewasstruggling,t