《邮轮烹饪英语》-《邮轮烹饪英语》-Part2 Unit2

PartTwo

GalleyFacilitiesUnit2WesternCookingUtensils

■I.Preamble■II.Warm-up■III.PracticalProcess■IV.ExercisesObjectives:Tohelpthestudentslearnthenewwordsandexpressions.Tohelpthestudentsfamiliarwithwesterncookingutensils.Tohelpthestudentsmasterhowtousewesterncookingutensils.Everykitchenneedsthemostcrucialkitchentoolstomakecooking,baking,cleanup,andstorageabreeze.Withouttherightkitchengadgetsandtools,eventhesimplestoftaskslikestrainingpastaormeasuringoutdryingredientscanbeimpossible.Youneedsomebasicequipmenttostartcooking—essentialitemsforworkinginthekitchen.Inthisunit,wewilllearnsomethingaboutwesterncookingutensils,includingpots,pans,andothertoolsthatnohomecookshouldbewithout.PreambleWarm-upstockpot

saucepot

saucepan

fryingpan

chef’sknife

cakeknife

bakingoven

salamanderoven

juicesqueezer

eggbeater

blender

PracticalProcessAHistoryofWesternDiningUtensils

Theforkisarelativelynewinvention.AlthoughthefirstforkswereusedinancientEgypt,GreeceandRome,thetwo-tinedinstrumentswereusedonlyascookingtoolsatthetime.Itwasn'tuntiltheMiddleAgesthatasmallerversionwasusedforeatingbywealthyfamiliesoftheMiddleEastandByzantineEmpire.Spoons,bycontrast,havebeenusedaseatingutensilssincePaleolithictimes.AccordingtoanonlinegalleryoffoodtechnologyattheCaliforniaAcademyofSciences,prehistoricpeopleusedshellsorchipsofwoodforspoons.Theancientwordsforspoonsuggestwhichmaterialswereusedindifferentareas:theGreekandLatinwordsarederivedfromcochlea,meaningaspiralshell,whiletheAnglo-Saxonwordspoonmeansachipofwood.BytheMiddleAges,royaltyandotherwealthypeopleusedspoonsmadefrompreciousmetals.Inthe14thcenturypewterbecamecommonlyused,makingspoonsaffordabletothegeneralpopulation.Kniveshavealsobeenused,notonlyforeatingbutastoolsandweapons,sinceprehistorictimes.Becauseoftheirpotentiallyviolentuse(andpossiblybecauseCardinalRichelieu,theking'schiefminister,founditdisgustingwhendinersusedthepointoftheirknivestocleantheirteeth),KingLouisXIVofFrancedecreedin1669thatknivesbroughttothedinnertablehaveaground-downpoint.ThismayhavecontributedtothedifferenceinhowAmericansandEuropeansusetheirsilverware.WordsandExpressions1.instrument/ˈɪnstrəmənt/n.仪器；工具；乐器；手段；器械2.ByzantineEmpire/baɪˈzæntaɪn/拜占庭帝国（即东罗马帝国，395～1453，在欧洲东南部和亚洲西南部，由罗马帝国分裂而成）3.bycontrast

相比之下；与之相比4.Paleolithictimes/,pælɪəʊ'lɪθɪk/

旧石器时代5.technology/tekˈnɒlədʒi/

n.技术；工艺；术语6.prehistoric/ˌpriːhɪˈstɒrɪk/

adj.史前的；陈旧的7.shell/ʃel/n.壳，贝壳；炮弹；外形8.bederivedfrom/dɪ'raɪvd/来自，源自于；从…而产生出来的；由…得到9.cochlea/ˈkɒkliə/

n.[解剖]耳蜗10.spiral/ˈspaɪrəl/n.螺旋；旋涡；螺旋形之物11.Anglo-Saxon/ˌæŋɡləʊˈsæksn/n.盎格鲁-撒克逊12.pewter/ˈpjuːtə(r)/n.白蜡；青灰色13.potentially/pəˈtenʃəli/adv.可能地，潜在地14.minister/ˈmɪnɪstə(r)/n.部长；大臣；牧师15.disgusting

/dɪsˈɡʌstɪŋ/adj.令人厌恶的16.decree/dɪˈkriː/

v.命令；颁布；注定；判决17.ground-down碾碎，磨碎ExercisesI.Choosetherightwords.bederivedfromcommonlybycontrastrelativelypreciouscontributetobecauseofwealthy1.Iamnotgoodatexpressingmyself._______,Iambetteratthinkingindeed.2.IhopeIcan_______yourteam.3.Thebesteducationshouldnotbeavailableonlytothe_______.4.Thepopularterm“soccer”isthoughtto_______“association”.5.Thedogwaspanting_______thehotweather.6.Sweetpotatopie,_______eatenonThanksgiving,canbringaboutanostalgicexperience.7.Allthistookupmuchofmy_______time.8.Ithinkthere'sa_______simplesolutiontothisissue.II.Matchthecorrectwords.AB1microwaveoven

a.

冰箱2refrigerator

b.秤3electriccooker

c.微波炉4bakingoven

d.

烤箱5steelyard

e.量勺6measuringspoon

f.电灶III.Readingthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestions.WhatisaLadle

?Aladleisatypeofspoonwithaverydeepbowlwhichisdesignedtobeusedtoservesoups,sauces,andotherhighlyliquidfoods.Anumberofdifferentladledesignscanbefoundinakitchensupplystore,oftenmadeinavarietyofmaterialsfrom

bamboo

to

stainlesssteel.Aladleisausefultooltohavearoundthekitchen,especiallyinhouseholdswhichworkwithalotofsoups,stews,andsauces.Typically,thehandleofaladleislong,sothatpeoplecandipitintoadeeppotorbowl.Thespoonsectionoftheladlemaybeorientedatanangletomakedippingandservingeasier,andsomeladlesalsohavesmalllipstopourfluidswithoutdripping.Anallpurposeladleusuallyhasaroundbowlaboutthesizeofasmallclosedfist;therearenumerousvariationsonthedesignfordifferentfoods.Condiment

ladles,forexample,areminiaturizedversionsofladleswhichcanbeleftincondimentjarssothatpeoplecanservethemselves.Theseladlesareoftenusedatlargedinners,andtheycanbeseeninself-servefoodlinesaswell,toencouragepeopletousetheladlesratherthantheirownspoons.Sauceandsoupladlesfollowthebasicdesign,buttheycomeinarangeofsizesfromsmalltolargetomeetvaryingneeds;ideally,afullladlecomesclosetoasingleservingofthefoodinquestion.A

spaghetti

ladleisaladlewhichlookslikeithasbeencrossedwithafork;insteadofabowl,ithasaseriesoftineswhicharedesignedtograbandholdthreadsofpastaforserving.Skimmingladles,ontheotherhand,havelargeshallowbowlswhichcanbelightlyskimmedacrosssoupsandotherdishestoremoveimpurities.Someskimmingladleshavespecialdesignfeaturestohelpseparatefatfromsoupstockwithaminimalwasteofsoup.Whenseekingoutaladle,lookforonewithasturdyconstruction,asyoudonotwantthebowlofaladletofalloffwhenitisinactiveuse.Metalslikestainlesssteelareoftengoodchoicesforladles,asaresolidwoodladles.Beawarethanwoodenladlescannotberunthroughthedishwasherortheywillstarttocrackandwarp;ifthisconvenienceisaconcern,selectametalladlewithnocracksorcrevicesforfoodandfatstoaccumulate.Questions:1.Whatisaladle?2.Canyounamesometypesofladle?3.Howtochoosealadle?Suchas: