Unit2TravellingAround核心词汇讲解-高中英语人教版

高中英语人教版必修一UNIT2TRAVELLINGAROUND高频和重点词汇精讲讲义一、核心动词（一）apply/əˈplaɪ/vi.&vt.申请；请求；应用；涂（油漆、乳剂等）1.经典例句Hehasappliedforascholarshiptotheuniversity.他已向这所大学申请了奖学金。Ihaveappliedtojointhebasketballteam.我已申请加入篮球队。ThoserulesapplytotheEnglishlearning.这些规则适用于英语学习。Weshouldapplyourknowledgetodailylife.我们应该把知识应用于日常生活。Sheisalwaysapplyingherselftoherwork.她总是专心致力于自己的工作。2.用法小结表“申请、请求”：apply________后接具体事物（职位、奖学金等）；apply________后接对象（公司、大学等）；apply________表示“申请做某事”。applysthtosth：表示“把……应用到……”，to是介词，后接名词或名词短语。applyoneselfto(doing)sth：表“专心、致力于（做）某事”，to为介词，后接名词或动名词。答案：for；to；todosth注意：“applyoneselfto”中oneself需根据主语人称变化（如applyhimselfto,applythemselvesto）。3.词汇拓展及应用applicant/ˈæplɪkənt/n.申请人搭配：ajobapplicant求职者；anapplicantfortheposition该职位的申请人例：Hundredsofapplicantsappliedforthiswellpaidjob.数百名申请人申请了这份高薪工作。application/ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn/n.应用；申请（书）搭配：anapplicationform（申请表）；theapplicationofnewtechnology（新技术的应用）例：Youneedtosubmityourapplicationbeforethedeadline.你需要在截止日期前提交申请表。4.即时巩固Manyyoungprofessionalsapply____________internationalpanies___________positionsrelatedtorenewableenergy.（答案：to;for）EngineersoftenapplyadvancedAItechnologies________________improvingtheefficiencyofsmartfactories.（答案：to）Ifyouapplyyourself___________masteringdigitalskills,you'llhavemorecareerchoicesinthefuture.（答案：to）Tohisexcitement,hewasselectedfromthousandsof____________(apply)toparticipateintheglobalyouthinnovationforum.（答案：applicants）Duetothe_____________(apply)of5Gtechnology,remotemedicalserviceshavebeemoreaccessibleinruralareas.（答案：application）（二）pack/pæk/vi.&vt.收拾（行李）；打包；塞满；n.（商品的）纸包；纸袋1.经典例句Ineedtopackupmyluggagebeforethetaxiarrives.出租车到之前，我需要收拾好行李。Shepackedsomeclothesintohersuitcaseforthetrip.她为旅行往行李箱里装了一些衣服。Thesupermarketsellsapackofcookiesforfiveyuan.这家超市售卖一包5元的饼干。Thetrainwassocrowdedthatwecouldbarelypackourselvesin.火车太挤了，我们几乎挤不进去。2.用法小结pack______：固定短语，意为“将（东西）装箱打包”，可单独使用或后接宾语（如packupluggage）。packsth______sth：强调“把某物塞进狭小空间”；pack______：表示“挤进”，主语多为人或复数名词。____________________：后接可数名词复数，可表示“一包（食品）、一盒（用品）、一群（动物）”。参考答案：up；into；in；apackof注意：“pack”作动词表“塞满”时，主语若为物品，常用被动语态，如：Theboxwaspackedwithbooks。3.词汇拓展及应用package/ˈpækɪdʒ/n.包裹；包装盒；vt.将……包装搭配：apackagetour包价旅游；packagethegifts包装礼物例：WebookedapackagetourtoJapanforthesummerholiday.我们为暑假预订了去日本的包价旅游。unpack/ʌnˈpæk/vi.&vt.打开（箱、包）取东西搭配：unpackthesuitcase打开行李箱取东西例：Sheunpackedherbagsassoonasshearrivedatthehotel.她一到酒店就打开行李取东西。4.即时巩固Don’tforgetto______upyourportablechargerandtraveladapterbeforecheckingoutofthehotel.（答案：pack）Sheboughta______oforganictealeavesforhergrandmotherwhenshetraveledtoYunnan.（答案：pack）Thetourguideremindedusto______light,aswewouldtakealotofshortdistancehikesduringthetriptoGuilin.（答案：pack）AfterarrivingattheAirbnb,theyspent40minutes______(unpack)theirhikinggearanddailynecessities.（答案：unpacking）（三）recognise/ˈrekəɡnaɪz/（NAmE:recognize）vt.辨别出；承认；认可1.经典例句IrecognisedhimassoonasIsawhimonthestreet.我在街上一看见他就认出了他。Weshouldrecognisethathelpingothersishelpingourselves.我们应该承认帮助别人就是帮助自己。Mozartisrecognisedasoneofthemostfamousmusiciansintheworld.莫扎特被公认为世界上最著名的音乐家之一。Itisrecognisedthatenvironmentalpollutionhasbeeoneofthemostseriousproblems.人们认为环境污染已成为最严重的问题之一。2.用法小结recognisesb/sthby/fromsth：表“辨别出、认出”，“by”后接识别依据（如表情、声音），“from”后接识别来源（如照片、记忆）。that...sethat...：表“承认、认可”，后接宾语从句，从句用陈述语气；berecognised______/____________：表示“被认为是……”，as/tobe后接身份、地位等名词。that...ecognisedthat...”：固定句型，it为形式主语，真正主语为that引导的从句，意为“人们认为……”。参考答案：as；tobe注意：“recognise”无进行时态，表“正在被认可”需用被动语态（如Hisworkisbeingrecognised）。3.词汇拓展及应用recognition/ˌrekəɡˈnɪʃn/n.认识；承认；认可搭配：beyondrecognition（变得完全认不出来）；gainrecognition（获得认可）例：Theoldtownhaschangedbeyondrecognitionaftertherenovation.翻新后，这座老镇变得完全认不出来了。recognisable/ˈrekəɡnaɪzəbl/adj.可辨认的搭配：arecognisableface（一张眼熟的脸）例：Evenwithamask,hiseyesarestillrecognisable.即使戴了口罩，他的眼睛还是能认出来。4.即时巩固Thisscientist’sresearchonclimatechangehasfinallybeen________(recognise)bytheinternationalacademicmunity.（答案：recognised）Thesmallcoastalvillagehaschangedbeyond____________(recognize)sincetheopeningofthehighspeedrailway.（答案：recognition）Thefamousauthorwearsasimplehatinpublic,hopingtobuybookswithout__________(recognize).（答案：beingrecognized）YuanLongpingisrecognized___________oneofthemostinfluentialfiguresinglobalfoodsecurity.（答案：as/tobe）___________________(人们认为)protectingculturalheritageisofgreatsignificanceforpassingdowntraditionalvalues.（答案：Itisrecognizedthat）（四）admire/ədˈmaɪə(r)/vt.钦佩；赞赏；欣赏1.经典例句Iadmireherforherwayofsolvingproblems.我因她解决问题的方法而钦佩她。Westoppedtoadmiretheviewfromthetopofthemountain.我们停下来欣赏山顶的风景。Everyoneadmireshiscouragetofacedifficulties.所有人都钦佩他面对困难的勇气。TheyadmiredthemoonandatemooncakesonMidAutumnFestival.中秋节他们一起赏月、吃月饼。2.用法小结admiresbfor(doing)sth：表“钦佩、赞赏（人或行为）”，for后接钦佩的原因（如品质、行为），doingsth需用动名词形式。admiresth：直接接宾语（如view,moon,painting），表示“欣赏某物”，不接介词。为日常表达中常用搭配：admirethemoon赏月admirethearchitecture欣赏建筑。注意：“admire”为及物动词，后接宾语时无需加介词；不可用于“admiresbtodosth”结构，表“钦佩某人做某事”需用“admiresbfordoingsth”。3.词汇拓展及应用admirable/ˈædmərəbl/adj.可钦佩的；值得赞赏的搭配：anadmirableattitude值得赞赏的态度；admirablework出色的工作例：Herdedicationtohelpingthepoorisadmirable.她致力于帮助穷人的精神令人钦佩。admiration/ˌædməˈreɪʃn/n.钦佩；赞赏搭配：in/withadmiration（钦佩地）；expressadmirationfor（表达对……的钦佩）例：Thestudentslookedattheteacherwithadmirationafterherspeech.老师演讲后，学生们钦佩地看着她。admiring/ədˈmaɪərɪŋ/adj.赞赏的；钦佩的搭配：anadmiringlook赞赏的目光例：Shereceivedadmiringglancesfromtheaudienceafterherperformance.表演结束后，她收到了观众赞赏的目光。4.即时巩固Wealladmirehim___________devotinghissparetimetoteachingelderlypeoplehowtousesmartphones.（答案：for）Thejournalistexpressedgreat___________(admire)forthevolunteerswhoriskedtheirlivestosavewildanimalsinthedisasterarea.（答案：admiration）Asamatteroffact,theeffortsshehasmadetopromotecrossculturalmunicationarereally____________(admire).（答案：admirable）Allthevisitorsstoodthere，watchingtheartistpaintthelandscape__________admiration.（答案：in/with）Westoodonthebalconyforafewmoments,___________(admire)thetwinklingcitylightsatnight.（答案：admiring）（五）contact/ˈkɒntækt/vt.联络；联系；n.联系；接触1.经典例句Weforgottoexchangenumbers—nowwecan'tcontacteachother.我们忘了交换号码，现在没法联系彼此了。Ihavekeptincontactwithmyformerteacherssincegraduation.毕业后我一直和以前的老师保持联系。Weareanxioustomakecontactwithhertoconfirmthedetails.我们急于和她取得联系确认细节。I’dhatetolosecontactwithmycollegefriends.我不想和大学朋友失去联系。2.用法小结vt.：联络、联系，直接接人作宾语contactsb：作动词“”contactsb________+方式：表示“通过某种方式联系某人”，如byphone,byemail。n.：联系、接触：________incontactwithsb：保持联系________contact________sb：失去联系，contact为不可数名词，无复数形式。________________contactwithsb：取得联系，强调“主动与某人建立联系”。________________contactwithsb：有联系________________________contactwithsb：无联系，描述当前联系状态。参考答案：by；keep/stay；losewith；make/getinto；bein；beoutof注意：“contact”作动词时，不可说“contactwithsb”，需直接接宾语；作名词时，“incontactwith”中in不可换成into。3.经典例句（补充）Tim,wherehaveyougone?I’vebeentryingtocontactyouallday.蒂姆，你去哪了？我一整天都在试着联系你。Aftermovingtoanewcity,shesoongotintocontactwithheroldclassmate.搬到新城市后，她很快就和老同学取得了联系。4.即时巩固Pleasedonothesitateto______________(与项目负责人联系）ifyouhaveanyquestionsaboutthevolunteerplan.（答案：contacttheprojectdirector）Theyhave_______________(保持联系）eachotherthroughonlinevideocallseventhoughtheyliveindifferentcontinents.（答案：keptincontactwith）Theresearchteamfinally_____________________(取得联系)theexpertinmarinebiologytoaskforprofessionaladvice.（答案：made/gotintocontactwith）I_____________________(与……有联系)severalenvironmentalorganizationssinceIstartedpayingattentiontowildlifeprotection.（答案：havebeenincontactwith）二、核心名词（一）arrangement/əˈreɪndʒmənt/n.安排；筹备；布置1.经典例句Ifyoudon’twanttoregret,you’dbettermakearrangementsforyourfuture.如果你不想后悔，最好为未来做安排。Wehaveetoanarrangementoverthepriceoftheproduct.我们就产品价格达成了协议。Thearrangementofthemeetingroommakesiteasyforeveryonetoseethescreen.会议室的布置让所有人都能轻松看到屏幕。Shetoldmeaboutthearrangementsforthepanytripnextmonth.她跟我讲了下个月公司旅行的安排。2.用法小结________arrangementsforsth：表“为某事做安排、筹备”，arrangement常用复数形式，for后接安排的对象（如trip,meeting）；“arrangementsforsth”表示“关于某事的安排”thearrangements________sth：某事的安排，作定语时需用所有格，如thearrangementsofthetrip旅行的安排。thearrangementofsth：事物的________，of后接被布置的事物（如furniture,room），arrangement为可数名词，表“某一处布置”时用单数。________________anarrangement(withsb)(oversth)：with表“（与某人）达成协议”，over后接协议涉及的内容（如price,time）。参考答案：make；of；eto；布置、布局注意：“arrangement”表“多个安排”时用复数，表“单一布置或协议”时用单数；“makeanarrangement”表示“做一项安排”，需根据数量调整冠词。3.词汇拓展及应用arrange/əˈreɪndʒ/vi.&vt.安排；筹备；整理搭配：arrangetodosth.安排去做某事；arrangeforsb.todosth.安排某人做某事；arrangeforsth.安排某事例：p.m.rangedtomeetheratthecaféat3p.m.我安排下午3点在咖啡馆见她。Thepanyarrangedforacartopickuptheguests.公司安排了一辆车去接客人。arranged/əˈreɪndʒd/adj.安排好的；包办的搭配：anarrangedmarriage包办婚姻；arrangedtime约定时间例：Thearrangedmeetingwascancelledduetobadweather.因天气恶劣，原定的会议取消了。4.即时巩固Thesuddenheavyraintotallyupsetour_____________(arrange)fortheoutdoorpicnicandforcedustochangetheplan.（答案：arrangement）Theyhaven’tetoanarrangement___________thelocalmunityabouttheuseofthepublicplayground.（答案：with）Mybossarranged___________aprofessionaltranslatortoassisttheforeignclientsduringthebusinessnegotiation.（答案：for）Shearranged__________(attend)theinternationaleducationforuminShanghainextweekbuthadtocancelduetoillness.（答案：toattend）Wehavemadedetailed______________(arrangement)fortheschool’s50thanniversarycelebration,includingaparadeandaconcert.（答案：arrangements）（二）acmodation/əˌkɒməˈdeɪʃn/n.住处；停留处；膳宿1.经典例句Fromthere,you’llspendonedaytravellingbyboattoyouracmodationinthemiddleoftheforest.从那里出发，你将乘船一天前往森林中央的住处。WeneedtobookacmodationinadvanceduringtheNationalDayholiday.国庆假期我们需要提前预订住宿。Thehotelprovidesfreeacmodationfortheparticipantsoftheconference.这家酒店为会议参与者提供免费住宿。Theacmodationinthissmalltownissimplebutcleanandfortable.这个小镇的住处简单但干净舒适。2.用法小结表“旅行/短期停留的住处”：为________________名词，无复数形式，常用搭配前不加不定冠词bookacmodation预订住宿findacmodation找到住处。acmodationandmeals：表“膳宿（含食宿）”，多用于酒店、公司福利等场景。________/_______acmodation________/________sb”：为某人提供住宿，for/to后接住宿对象（如guests,students）。参考答案：不可数；provide/offer；for/to注意：“acmodation”不可说“anacmodation”或“acmodations”（部分美式英语中可表“多种住宿”，但教材中统一为不可数）；“acmodation”后接地点时，用“acmodationin+地点”（如acmodationinthehotel）。3.词汇拓展及应用acmodate/əˈkɒmədeɪt/vt.为……提供住处；容纳；适应搭配：acmodatesb.为某人提供住处；acmodatealargenumberofpeople容纳大量人口；acmodatetosth.适应某事例：Thehotelcanacmodateupto500guests.这家酒店最多可容纳500名客人。Ittookherawhiletoacmodatetothenewworkingenvironment.她花了一段时间才适应新的工作环境。acmodating/əˈkɒmədeɪtɪŋ/adj.乐于助人的；随和的搭配：anacmodatingperson（乐于助人的人）例：Thestaffinthishotelareveryacmodatingandalwaysreadytohelp.这家酒店的员工非常乐于助人，随时准备提供帮助。4.即时巩固Westronglyadviseyoutobook_____________inadvance,asitisthepeaktouristseasonnow.我们强烈建议您提前预订住宿，因为现在是旅游旺季。Thenewconferencehallislargeenoughto_____________upto1,000people.新的会议厅足够大，可以容纳多达1000人。Theuniversitywillprovidefree_____________foralltheinternationalstudentsduringthesummercamp.大学将为所有参加夏令营的国际学生免费提供住宿。Thehotelstaffwerevery_____________andallowedusalatecheckoutwithoutanyextracharge.酒店工作人员非常乐于助人，允许我们延迟退房且不收取任何额外费用。Ittookhimafewweeksto_____________tothefastpacedlifeinthemetropolis.他花了几个星期才适应大都市快节奏的生活。Findingaffordable_____________inthecitycenterisalmostimpossibleforastudent.对学生来说，在市中心找到负担得起的住处几乎是不可能的。参考答案acmodation(考查不可数名词"acmodation"与动词"book"的搭配)acmodate(考查动词"acmodate"表示“容纳”的用法)acmodation;for(考查"provideacmodationforsb"的固定搭配，以及"acmodation"作不可数名词的用法)acmodating(考查形容词"acmodating"的含义和用法)acmodate(考查动词短语"acmodatetosth"，表示“适应”)acmodation(考查"acmodation"作为“住处”的通用不可数名词用法)（三）view/vjuː/n.视野；景色；看法；vt.看待；观看1.经典例句Theviewfromthetopofthemountainisbreathtaking.山顶的景色令人叹为观止。Inmyview,itwasawasteoftimetoarguewithhim.在我看来，和他争论是浪费时间。Wehadafriendlyexchangeofviewsontheproject.我们就这个项目友好地交换了看法。Ifweviewtheproblemfromadifferentangle,asolutionmaybeemoreobvious.如果我们从不同角度看待这个问题，解决方案可能会更明显。2.用法小结n.：视野、景色：表“视野范围”：描述物体是否可见inview在视线内outofview不在视野中eintoview进入视野。表“看到的景色”：view为可数名词haveagoodviewofsth清晰看到某物aviewof+景色”，表“一处景色”用单数（如aviewofthesea），。n.：看法、观点：表“某人的观点”：inone'sview在某人看来one'sviewon/aboutsth某人对某事的观点，view常用复数“views”表“多种观点”。exchangeviewsonsth：交换观点（views用复数形式）。vt.：看待、观看。view为及物动词，直接接宾语view...as...：将……视为……viewsthfrom...angle：从……角度看待某事。注意：“view”作“景色”时，可数，侧重“从某一位置看到的景象”；“scenery”侧重“整体自然风光”，不可数，需区分使用。3.经典例句（补充）Asweturnedthecorner,thebeautifullakecameintoview.我们拐过拐角，美丽的湖泊进入了视野。Shehasadifferentviewonhowtoeducatechildren.在如何教育孩子方面，她有不同的看法。Heviewedtheopportunityasachancetoprovehimself.他把这个机会视为证明自己的契机。4.即时巩固Theoldlighthousesooncame__________viewasourshipsailedclosertothecoastaltown.（答案：into）Mostyoungpeopleviewonlinelearning__________aconvenientwaytoacquirenewknowledgeafterwork.（答案：as）Thedocumentaryinvitesseveralscholarstosharetheirviews__________theimpactofsocialmediaonteenagers’mentalhealth.（答案：on/about）Weshouldconsidertheurbanplanningplanagain______________________________________________(考虑到当地居民的实际需求).（答案：inviewoftheactualneedsoflocalresidents）Althoughthisoldcameraisnotvaluable,Icherishitverymuch.__________________(在我看来),itcarriesthememoriesofmychildhood.（答案：Inmyview）WhenweclimbedtothetopoftheTVtower,we________________________________________________(看得清整个城市的天际线).（答案：hadagoodviewofthewholecity'sskyline）（四）ment/ˈkɒment/n.意见；评论；议论；vi.&vt.发表意见；评论1.经典例句Themanagermadenomentonmysuggestionatthemeeting.经理在会议上对我的建议未作评论。Hementedthatthetwoessayswererathersimilar.他评论称这两篇文章非常相似。Shemadehelpfulmentsonmywork.她对我的工作提出了有益的意见。SofarMrCookhasnotmentedonthesereports.到目前为止，库克先生尚未对这些报道发表评论。2.用法小结n.：意见、评论：makements/amenton/aboutsth：就某事发表评论，ment为可数名词，“ments”表“多条评论”，“ament”表“一条评论”。makeamentthat...：表“评论内容”，that后接评论的具体内容（同位语从句）。noment：无可奉告（为日常交际常用语）withoutment：不加评论（为日常交际常用语）vi.：发表意见、评论：menton/uponsth：评论某事，on/upon不可省略，后接评论对象（如report,work）。mentthat...：评论称……，that后接评论的内容（宾语从句）。注意：“ment”作动词时，无被动语态；3.词汇拓展及应用mentary/ˈkɒməntri/n.评论；解说词搭配：asportsmentary（体育赛事解说）；apoliticalmentary（政治评论）例：Welistenedtothementaryofthefootballmatchontheradio.我们通过收音机听了这场足球赛的解说。mentator/ˈkɒmənteɪtə(r)/n.评论员；解说员搭配：anewsmentator（新闻评论员）；asportsmentator（体育解说员）例：Thementatoranalyzedthecurrenteconomicsituationinhisprogram.这位评论员在节目中分析了当前的经济形势。4.即时巩固Thefamousactorwasaskedabouthisnewmoviebutrefusedtoment__________itsplottokeepitasecret.（答案：on/upon）Theeditormadehelpfulments__________thestructureandlanguageoftheyoungwriter’snovel.（答案：on/about/upon）Wearejust_________________________(评论)howinnovativethenewdesignofthesmartwatchis.（答案：mentingon/upon）—Willthepanylaunchanewproductlinenextquarter?—______________________(无可奉告)!（答案：Noment）Theresearchteamhandedinthefinalreport___________________(不予评论)andwaitedfortheexpertgroup’sfeedback.（答案：withoutment）（五）credit/ˈkredɪt/n.借款；信用；称赞；学分；vt.认为是……的功劳1.经典例句Ipaidforthenewphonebycreditcard.我用信用卡支付了这部新手机的费用。Theteachergavecredittothestudentsfortheirhardwork.老师称赞了学生们的努力。Youneedtoearn120creditstograduatefromthisuniversity.你需要获得120个学分才能从这所大学毕业。PeoplecreditEdisonwithinventingthelightbulb.人们把发明电灯泡的功劳归于爱迪生。2.用法小结n.：借款、信用：creditcard：信用卡，固定搭配，credit不可用复数。havegood/badcredit：信用好/差，描述个人信用状况，credit为不可数名词。n.：称赞、学分：givecredittosbforsth：因某事称赞某人，credit为不可数名词。表“学分”：credit为可数名词，表“多个学分”用复数earncredits：获得学分creditsforacourse：一门课程的学分。v.：认为是……的功劳：creditsbwithsth：把某事归功于某人，with后接功劳对应的事物（如invention,success）。creditsthtosb：把某事归功于某人，to后接被归功的人。注意：“credit”作“学分”时，仅用于教育场景；作“功劳”时，“creditsbwithsth”和“creditsthtosb”可互换，如：PeoplecreditEdisonwithinventingthebulb=PeoplecreditinventingthebulbtoEdison。3.词汇拓展及应用credible/ˈkredəbl/adj.可信的；可靠的搭配：acrediblestory可信的故事；credibleevidence可靠的证据例：Hisexplanationsoundscredible,sowedecidedtobelievehim.他的解释听起来可信，所以我们决定相信他。credibility/ˌkredəˈbɪləti/n.可信度；可靠性搭配：losecredibility失去可信度；gaincredibility获得可信度例：Thenewspaperlostcredibilityafteritreportedthefalsenews.这家报纸报道假新闻后失去了可信度。credulous/ˈkredjələs/adj.轻信的；易受骗的搭配：acredulousperson轻信的人例：Sheistoocredulousandeasilybelieveswhatotherssay.她太轻信别人了，很容易相信别人说的话。4.即时巩固Moreandmorepeopleprefertopayby_____________(credit)cardwhenshoppingoncrossborderemerceplatforms.（答案：credit）Theteam'ssuccessindevelopingthenewenergybatteryshouldbecredited_____________thejointeffortsofresearchersandengineers.（答案：to）Youcanearnextra_____________(credit)byparticipatingintheuniversity’sinternationalexchangeprograms.（答案：credits）Hisreportonthelocalwildlifeprotectionisnot_____________(credible)becauseitlacksspecificdataandfieldsurveyrecords.（答案：credible）Thepolitician's_____________(credibility)hasbeendamagedbyhisinconsistentstatementsonpublichealthpolicies.（答案：credibility）三、核心形容词&副词（一）amazing/əˈmeɪzɪŋ/adj.令人惊奇的；令人惊喜的1.经典例句IfyouetovisitChina,youcanexperienceitsamazingculture.如果你来中国旅游，就能体验到它令人惊叹的文化。Itisamazingthatheshouldhavesurvivedthebigfire.他竟然从那场大火中幸存下来，真是令人惊讶。Wewatchedanamazingmagicshowlastnight.昨晚我们看了一场精彩的魔术表演。TheamazingsceneryoftheGrandCanyonattractsmillionsoftouristseveryyear.大峡谷令人惊叹的景色每年吸引数百万游客。2.用法小结修饰对象：表示属性“令人感到惊奇的、精彩的”，一般用于修饰“事物、事件或场景”一般不修饰人；修饰人表情绪需用“amazed”（感到惊奇的）。常见搭配：“amazing+名词”（如amazingview,amazingdiscovery），可作定语或表语（如Theshowisamazing）。固定句型：“Itisamazingthat...”，it为形式主语，that后接令人惊奇的事情（从句用陈述语气，可根据语境用不同时态）。与amazed的区别：“amazing”：通常修饰对象为物，表“事物本身令人惊奇”（如amazingnews）。“amazed”：主要的修饰对象为人，表“人感到惊奇”，常用“beamazedat/bysth”“beamazedtodosth”（如Iamamazedatthenews）。3.词汇拓展及应用amaze/əˈmeɪz/vt.使惊奇搭配：amazesb.（使某人惊奇）；beamazedbysb./sth.（被某人/某物使惊奇）例：Hiscourageamazedeveryonearoundhim.他的勇气让周围的人都很惊奇。amazed/əˈmeɪzd/adj.大为惊奇的（修饰人）搭配：beamazedat/by（对……感到惊奇）；beamazedtodosth.（惊奇地做某事）例：Iwasamazedtohearthatshehadwonthefirstprize.听到她获得一等奖的消息，我很惊讶。amazement/əˈmeɪzmənt/n.惊奇；惊诧搭配：toone’samazement使某人大为惊奇的是；inamazement惊讶地例：Toouramazement,thelittleboysolvedthedifficultmathproblem.令我们惊奇的是，这个小男孩解出了这道难题。4.即时巩固Itis_________(amaze)thatthissmallstartuphasdevelopedsuchadvancedAItechnologyinjusttwoyears.（答案：amazing）Visitorsareoften_________(amaze)todiscoverhowmuchtraditionalcraftsmanshiphasbeenpreservedinthisancienttown.（答案：amazed）I'mamazed__________(learn)thatmyformerclassmatehasbeeakeyresearcherinthefieldofspaceexploration.（答案：tolearn）Fromhis___________(amaze)expression，IknewTomcouldn'tunderstandyour__________(amaze)ideaaboutusingwastematerialstomakeartworks.（答案：amazed;amazing）Theaudiencestaredatthepianistin__________(amaze)assheplayedthedifficultpieceflawlessly.（答案：amazement）_________________________________(令我惊讶的是),the10yearoldgirlwasabletotranslatethisEnglishnovelintoChinesebyherself.（答案：Tomyamazement）Thelittleboystoodinsilenceandstaredatthemagician_______________________(惊讶地)astherabbitdisappearedfromthehat.（答案：inamazement）（二）unique/juˈniːk/adj.唯一的；独特的；特有的1.经典例句TheanimalgiantpandaisuniquetoChina.大熊猫这种动物是中国特有的。Everyonehasauniquepersonalityandwayofthinking.每个人都有独特的性格和思维方式。Thisancientbuildinghasauniquestylethatcan’tbefoundelsewhere.这座古建筑有着独特的风格，在其他地方找不到。Theopportunitytostudyabroadisunique—youshouldn’tmissit.出国留学的机会是难得的，你不应该错过。2.用法小结beuniquetosth/sb：为……所特有，to后接“事物/人”，表示“只有某物/某人拥有”，如：Manyabilitieswillceasetobeuniquetohumanbeings.许多能力将不再是人类独有的。Thisparticulardialectisuniquetoafewremotevillagesinthemountains.这种特殊的方言仅为山区少数几个偏远村庄所独有。表“唯一的、独特的”：表“唯一的”：强调“仅此一个”，不与more,most,very,rather等程度副词连用（如Thisistheuniquechance，不可说Thisisaveryuniquechance）。表“独特的”：强调“与众不同”，可与rather,quite等程度副词连用（如aratheruniquestyle,quiteuniqueexperience）。修饰对象：可修饰“事物、机会、风格、人”等，如uniquestyle（独特风格）、uniqueopportunity（难得机会）。注意：“unique”无比较级和最高级形式，不可说“moreunique”或“mostunique”。3.用法提示当unique表示“唯一的”时，不与more,most及very,rather等表示程度的副词连用；当表示“独特的”时，可以与这些副词连用。例：Thisisaratheruniquedesign.（这是一个相当独特的设计。）（√，表示“独特的”，可与rather连用）Thisistheveryuniquechance.（这是唯一的机会。）（×，表示“唯一的”，不可与very连用，应改为Thisistheonlyuniquechance.）4.词汇拓展及应用uniqueness/juˈniːknəs/n.唯一性；独特性搭配：theuniquenessoftheculture文化的独特性；theuniquenessoftheplace这个地方的独特之处例：Weshouldprotecttheuniquenessoftraditionalhandicrafts.我们应该保护传统手工艺品的独特性。5.即时巩固Thetraditionalcraftofmakingblueandwhiteporcelain____________________(为……所特有)China.（答案：isuniqueto）Actually,thechallengeyouarefacingnow_________________________(不只是你有)—manyyoungpeoplehavesimilarexperiences.（答案：isnotuniquetoyou）The_____________(unique)ofthiscoastalwetlandliesinitsroleasahabitatforraremigratorybirds.（答案：uniqueness）（三）powerful/ˈpaʊəfl/adj.强有力的；有权势的；有影响力的1.经典例句Thispowerfulputercanprocesslargeamountsofdataquickly.这台高性能的电脑能快速处理大量数据。Thepresidentisthemostpowerfulpersoninthecountry.总统是这个国家最有权势的人。Hispowerfulspeechinspiredmanypeopletojointhevolunteerteam.他有感染力的演讲激励很多人加入志愿者团队。Thepowerfulstormcausedgreatdamagetothecoastalareas.这场强风暴给沿海地区造成了巨大损失。2.用法小结表“强有力的（物体、自然现象）”：修饰“机器、风暴、风”等，强调“力量大、强度高”，如：powerfulputer（高性能电脑）powerfulstorm（强风暴）。表“有权势的（人、组织）”：修饰“领导人、国家、机构”等，强调“有权力、有地位”，如：powerfulleader（有权势的领导人）powerfulcountry（强国）。表“有影响力的（言语、情感）”：修饰“演讲、影响、情感”等，强调“有感染力、能产生深远影响”，如：powerfulspeech（有感染力的演讲）powerfulinfluence（巨大影响）。注意：“powerful”的反义词为“powerless”（无能为力的），不可说“unpowerful”。3.词汇拓展及应用power/ˈpaʊə(r)/n.力量；权力；电力；vt.给……提供动力搭配：etopower（上台；掌权）havethepowertodosth.（有能力做某事）poweracar（为汽车提供动力）例：Thenewgovernmentcametopowerlastmonth.新政府上个月上台执政。Thiscarispoweredbyelectricity.这辆车是电动的。powerfully/ˈpaʊəfəli/adv.强有力地；有影响力地搭配：speakpowerfully（有说服力地演讲）；affectsb.powerfully（对某人产生深远影响）例：Hiswordsaffectedmepowerfullyandchangedmyattitudetowardslife.他的话对我产生了深远影响，改变了我对生活的态度。powerless/ˈpaʊələs/adj.无能为力的；无影响力的搭配：feelpowerless（感到无能为力）；bepowerlesstodosth.（无力做某事）例：Shefeltpowerlesstohelpherfriendintrouble.她觉得无力帮助陷入困境的朋友。4.即时巩固Thisnewpolicyhasdealta_____________(power)blowtoillegalwildlifetradeintheregion.（答案：powerful）Theelephantgrindsitsfoodwithits_____________(power)molars(臼齿)tohelpwithdigestion.（答案：powerful）Thenewleader__________________(上台执政)lastyearandhaslaunchedaseriesofpoliciestopromoteruraldevelopment.（答案：cametopower）Shespoke_____________(power)attheenvironmentalprotectionforumandcalledonmorepeopletotakeaction.（答案：powerfully）Wefelt_____________(power)whenweheardthatthehistoricalbuildingwasgoingtobedemolishedduetourbanrenewal.（答案：powerless）（四）extremely/ɪkˈstriːmli/adv.极其；非常1.经典例句Jiuzhaigouisanextremelybeautifulplace.九寨沟是一个非常美丽的地方。Thejourneytotheremotevillagewasextremelytiring,butwefelthappy.去偏远村庄的旅程非常累，但我们感到很开心。2.用法小结修饰对象：用于修饰形容词或副词，表示“程度极高”，相当于“very”但语气更强，可修饰“褒义、贬义、中性”形容词，如：extremelybeautiful,extremelydifficult,extremelyimportant。位置：位于被修饰词之前，若修饰“形容词+名词”，需放在形容词之前（如extremelycoldweather，不可说coldextremelyweather）。常见搭配：“extremely+adj.”（如extremelyhappy,extremelytired）、“extremely+adv.”（如extremelywell,extremelyquickly）。3.词汇拓展及应用extreme/ɪkˈstriːm/adj.极端的；极度的；n.极端；极端情况搭配：extremeweather（极端天气）；extremepoverty（极度贫困）；gotoextremes（走极端）例：Extremetemperaturescanbedangerousfortheelderly.极端温度对老年人来说可能很危险。Heoftengoestoextremeswhenmakingdecisions.他做决定时经常走极端。extremism/ɪkˈstriːmɪzəm/n.极端主义搭配：politicalextremism（政治极端主义）例：Thegovernmentistakingmeasurestofightagainstextremism.政府正在采取措施打击极端主义。extremist/ɪkˈstriːmɪst/n.极端主义者；adj.极端主义的搭配：apoliticalextremist（政治极端主义者）；extremistviews（极端主义观点）例：Hisextremistviewswerenotacceptedbymostpeople.他的极端主义观点没有被大多数人接受。4.即时巩固用extreme的合适形式填空I'm_____________sorryforforgettingtosendyouthemeetingagendaontime.（答案：extremely）Sheknowsthehistoryofthisancientcity_____________wellbecausehergrandfatherwasalocalhistorian.（答案：extremely）Thesmallbusinessisfacing_____________challengesduetotheglobalsupplychaindisruption.（答案：extreme）Somepeoplehold_____________viewsontheuseofartificialintelligenceineducation.（答案：extreme）Weshouldavoidgoingto_____________inpursuingsuccessandneglectourphysicalhealth.（答案：extremes）四、核心短语（一）takecontrolof控制；接管1.经典例句SpaintookcontrolofPeruinthe16thcenturyandruleduntil1821.16世纪西班牙控制了秘鲁，并统治到1821年。Thenewmanagerwilltakecontroloftheprojectnextmonth.新经理下个月将接管这个项目。Youneedtotakecontrolofyourtimeifyouwanttofinishallthetasks.如果你想完成所有任务，就需要掌控自己的时间。Thegovernmenttookcontrolofthefactorytoprotecttheenvironment.为了保护环境，政府接管了这家工厂。2.用法小结基本含义：“takecontrolof”表示“获得对某物/某人的控制权”或“接管（组织、项目等）”，of后接控制/接管的对象（如country,project,time）。相关短语（近义/反义）：losecontrol(ofsth)：失去（对……的）控制，of后接失去控制的事物（如car,temper），可用于“losecontrolofone'stemper”（发脾气）。beincontrolofsth：掌管、管理，描述“某人掌控某物”的状态（如Sheisincontroloftheteam）。undercontrol：处于控制之下，用于“bringsthundercontrol”（使某物得到控制），主语多为“问题、危险”等（如Thefirewasbroughtundercontrol）。注意：“control”为不可数名词，无复数形式；“takecontrolof”不可说“takethecontrolof”，of前不加冠词。3.经典例句（补充）Thedriverlostcontrolofthecaronthewetroad.司机在湿滑的路面上失去了对汽车的控制。Sheisincontrolofthemarketingdepartmentofthepany.她掌管公司的市场部。Thefirewasfinallybroughtundercontrolafterthreehours.三小时后，火势终于得到了控制。4.即时巩固ThenewCEOtookcontrol_____________thepanyandimmediatelystartedtooptimizetheorganizationalstructure.（答案：of）Helostcontrol_____________hisemotionswhenheheardthenewsthathisteamhadwonthenationalchampionship.（答案：of）Theresearchinstituteisnow_____________controlofarenownedscientistwhospecializesinquantumputing.（答案：in）Thespreadoftheinfectiousdiseaseisunder_____________(control)nowthankstotheeffectivepreventionmeasur