专题 22 阅读理解之推理判断题-高考英语一轮复习练小题刷大题提能力（解析版）

专题22阅读理解（推理判断题）刷大题、提能力1.（2023·安徽安庆·安庆一中校考模拟预测）Sleep,consideredaluxurybymany,isessentialforaperson'swellbeing.Researchershavefoundthatinsufficientsleepandtirednessincreaseaperson'sriskofdevelopingseveremedicalconditions,suchasobesity(beingveryoverweight),highbloodsugarlevels,andheartdisease.Now,anewstudyhasfoundthatgettingsufficientsleepisalsothekeytoimprovingacademicperformance.JeffreyGross,theuniversityscienceprofessorwholedtheresearch,wasnottryingtofindtherelationshipbetweensleepandgradeswhenhehandedoutsmartwatchestothe100studentsinhischemistryclass.Instead,theprofessorhopedthewrist-wormdevices,whichtrackaperson'sphysicalactivity,wouldshowaconnectionbetweenexerciseandacademicachievement.WhileGross'sdatashowednorelationshipbetweenthesetwofactors,thestudyfoundsomethingsurprising.Astheresearcherswereanalyzingtheirdata,theynoticedthattherewasastraight-linerelationshipbetweentheaverageamountofsleepastudentgotandtheirresultsinthecourse's11quizzes,threemidtermtests,andthefinalexam.Evenmoreinteresting,itwasnotsufficientforstudentstojustheadtobedearlythenightbeforeatest.Instead,it'sthesleepyougetduringthedayswhenlearningishappeningthatmattersmost.Thetimestudentswenttobedeachnightwassimilarlyimportant.Thosewhowenttobedinearlyhoursofthemorningperformedpoorly,evenifthetotalsleeptimewasthesameasahigher-performingstudent."Whenyougotobedmatters,"Grosssays,"Ifyougotobedat10,or12,or1atnight,andsleepforsevenhours,yourperformanceisthesame.Butifyougotobedafter2,yourperformancestartstogodownevenifyougetthesamesevenhours.So,quantityisn'teverything."Perhapsthemostinterestingwasthehugeimpactthatsmalldifferencesinsleeppatternshadonthestudents'grades.Theoverallcoursegradesforstudentsaveragingsixandahalfhoursofsleepeachnightwere25%lowerthanstudentswhoaveragedjustonehourmoresleep.Similarly,studentswhovariedtheirbedtimebyevenonehoureachnighthadgradesthatdropped45%belowthosewithmoreregularbedtimes.WhoknewgettingA'sjustrequiredsomeextraZZZ's?1．Basedonhisoriginalobjectives,whichbestdescribesProfessorGross'sresearchfindings?A．Accidental. B．Complete. C．Convincing. D．Doubtful.2．Whowerethepeopletakingpartinthestudy?A．Middleschoolchemistrystudents. B．Volunteersfromdifferentuniversities.C．ProfessorGross'sownstudents. D．Universitystudentathletes.3．HowdidProfessorGross'steammeasureacademicperformance?A．Makingthestudentswearaspecialwatch.B．Usingstudents'universityentrancetestresults.C．Givingthestudentsregularafterclassquizzes.D．Usingthestudents'normaltestandquizgrades.4．Basedonthestudy'sfindings,whoislikelytoperformbestacademically.A．Apersonwhohasagoodnight'ssleepthenightbeforeanimportanttest.B．Apersonwhosenormalbedtimevariesbetween9p.m.and12p.m.C．Apersonwhosleepsfrom11p.m.to6a.m.eachday.D．Apersonwhosleepsforatotalof7hourseachnight.【答案】1．A2．C3．D4．C【分析】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，睡眠质量不足除了对身体健康造成不良影响之外，也会对学习成绩产生影响，好的睡眠质量是提高学习成绩的关键。1．推理判断题。根据第二段中“JeffreyGross,…,wasnottryingtofindtherelationshipbetweensleepandgradeswhenhehandedoutsmartwatchestothe100studentsinhischemistryclass.”和“Instead,theprofessorhopedthewrist-wormdevices,whichtrackaperson'sphysicalactivity,wouldshowaconnectionbetweenexerciseandacademicachievement.”可知，在给他化学课里的100个学生发放智能手环时，JeffreyGross并没有试图去发现睡眠和成绩之间的关系，相反的，他最初目标是想发现运动与学习成绩之间的关系，意在表明发现睡眠与成绩之间的关系是一个意外收获，A项符合语境。故选A项。2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“JeffreyGross,…,wasnottryingtofindtherelationshipbetweensleepandgradeswhenhehandedoutsmartwatchestothe100studentsinhischemistryclass.”可知在给他化学课里的100个学生发放智能手环时，JeffreyGross并没有试图去发现睡眠和成绩之间的关系，因此参加研究的人是上他化学课的学生，C项切题。故选C项。3．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Astheresearcherswereanalyzingtheirdata,theynoticedthattherewasastraight-linerelationshipbetweentheaverageamountofsleepastudentgotandtheirresultsinthecourse's11quizzes,threemidtermtests,andthefinalexam.”可知在分析实验数据时，他们注意到在平均睡眠时间和课程测验、三次期中考试和期末考试成绩之间存在一个直接联系，因此作者是通过学生正常测验和考试成绩来衡量他们的学习表现，D项切合题意。故选D项。4．推理判断题。根据第五段中“Ifyougotobedat10,or12,or1atnight,andsleepforsevenhours,yourperformanceisthesame.Butifyougotobedafter2,yourperformancestartstogodownevenifyougetthesamesevenhours.”可知，如果在晚上10点、12点或者1点上床睡觉，睡7小时，你的学习表现是一样的，但如果在2点之后睡觉，哪怕睡了7个小时，学习表现也会下降，说明睡觉时间在晚上10点到1点之间，睡7个小时学习表现是最好的，C项睡觉时间11p.m.to6a.m.满足7小时标准，符合语境。故选C项。【点睛】判断推理题解题时要求考生根据文章提供的事实或线索作判断和推理，推测作者未提到的事实、某事发生的可能性或趋势、某事未来的结果等。做这类题时，关键要紧扣主题，立足已知事实或线索，捕捉关键信息，然后推断其所隐含的深层含义。例如第二段中“JeffreyGross,…,wasnottryingtofindtherelationshipbetweensleepandgradeswhenhehandedoutsmartwatchestothe100studentsinhischemistryclass.”和“Instead,theprofessorhopedthewrist-wormdevices,whichtrackaperson'sphysicalactivity,wouldshowaconnectionbetweenexerciseandacademicachievement.”instead前后所连接两个句子分别为“给他化学课里的100个学生发放智能手环时，JeffreyGross并没有试图去发现睡眠和成绩之间的关系”和“他最初目标是想用手环设备来发现运动与学习成绩之间的关系”意在表明转折关系，即睡眠和成绩之间的关系其实是进行原本研究目标时不经意（偶然）之间发现的副产物。层层递进，丝丝入扣，体现出此篇阅读语料的逻辑严谨性，考生易于失分，因此值得仔细推敲。2.（2023·广东·高三深圳市福田中学阶段练习）Ashockingnewsreporthasrevealedthatmorethanoneinfivespeciesofmapletreesfacesextinction,warningthat75%ofthethreatenedspeciesare“geographicallyrestricted”intheirnativeregions.Thetreesareexperiencingavastdeclineinhabitat,duetourbandevelopment,woodharvestingandagriculturalexpansion.Timeisrunningoutfortheworld'sbiodiversity.Everyrecentsurveyofplantsandanimalsinthewildpointstothis.Thisishappeningnearlyeverywhererarermaplesexist.Andbecauseofclimatechange,thenarrowhabitatsthatsupportspeciesattheedgesofdryplacesandatthetopsofmountainsarequicklydisappearing.Thetreescanbefoundinsubtropicalandtropicalregions,asfarsouthasIndonesia.TheonlyspeciesfoundintheUK,thefieldmapleisnotunderthreat.Notonlyarethetreesapopularattractivefeatureinparksandpublicspaces,buttheyareakeypartofthenaturalecosysteminwoodlands,aswellasbeinganimportantwoodcropinseveralcountries.AlthoughthesugarmapleinNorthAmerica,whichproducesmaplejuice,isnotendangered,twooftheclosestrelativestothespeciesareendangered.Thereportnotesthatconservingat-riskspeciesintheirnaturalhabitatisthebestconservationtactic.Butcollectionsinbotanicalgardensandseedbanks-called"exsitucollections"canactasinsurancepoliciesagainstextinction.Therearecurrently14speciesofmaple,includingfourthatarecriticallyendangered,whichareabsentfromthesetypesofcollections.OnespeciesinMexico,theAcerbinzayedii,isin“desperateneedofconservation"”despiteonlybeingdiscoveredin2017.“Itisatriskfromclimatechangeinitscloudforesthabitatandthreatenedbyloggingandforestfireswhileitisalsoabsentfrom'exsitucollections',”thereportadds.Thereportrecommendsdevelopingconservationplans,monitoringspeciescurrentlynotatrisktoensurepopulationsaremaintained,andaddingthosemissingmaplespeciestoseedbanks.5．Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A．Actiontoprotectmapletrees. B．Thedangeroussituationofmapletrees.C．Variousmapletrees'habitatsintheworld. D．Theconditionsfordiversityinmapletrees.6．Whatdothefieldmapleandthesugarmaplehaveincommon?A．Theycannotproducejuice. B．TheyarefoundinAmerica.C．Theyarenotatriskofextinction. D．Theyhavetwoendangeredrelatives.7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tactic”inparagraph4probablymean?A．Topic. B．Approach. C．Result. D．Conclusion.8．What'sthemainpurposeofthereport?A．Toofferaproposal. B．Torecommendaproduct.C．Tointroducemaplespecies. D．Towarnpeopleofdisasters.【答案】5．B6．C7．B8．A【分析】本文是新闻报道。一则令人震惊的新闻报道显示，超过五分之一的枫树物种面临灭绝，并警告说，75%的受威胁物种在其原生地受到“地理限制”。文章介绍了枫树濒临灭绝的原因和保护策略。5．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Thetreesareexperiencingavastdeclineinhabitat,duetourbandevelopment,woodharvestingandagriculturalexpansion.Timeisrunningoutfortheworld'sbiodiversity.Everyrecentsurveyofplantsandanimalsinthewildpointstothis.Thisishappeningnearlyeverywhererarermaplesexist.Andbecauseofclimatechange,thenarrowhabitatsthatsupportspeciesattheedgesofdryplacesandatthetopsofmountainsarequicklydisappearing.(由于城市发展、木材采伐和农业扩张，这些树木的栖息地正在急剧减少。留给世界生物多样性的时间不多了。最近对野生动植物的每一项调查都指向这一点。这种情况几乎发生在所有稀有枫树存在的地方。而且由于气候变化，在干旱地区边缘和山顶支持物种的狭窄栖息地正在迅速消失)”可知，该段主要讲了由于城市发展，伐木和农业扩张，枫树面临生长地正在急剧减少的危险处境。故选B。6．细节理解题。根据第三段中“TheonlyspeciesfoundintheUK,thefieldmapleisnotunderthreat.Notonlyarethetreesapopularattractivefeatureinparksandpublicspaces,buttheyareakeypartofthenaturalecosysteminwoodlands,aswellasbeinganimportantwoodcropinseveralcountries.AlthoughthesugarmapleinNorthAmerica,whichproducesmaplejuice,isnotendangered,twooftheclosestrelativestothespeciesareendangered.(作为在英国唯一发现的树种，野枫树并没有受到威胁。这些树木不仅是公园和公共空间中受欢迎的吸引人的特征，而且是林地自然生态系统的重要组成部分，也是一些国家的重要木材作物。虽然生产枫汁的北美糖枫树并不濒危，但该物种的两种近亲却濒临灭绝)”可知，作为在英国发现的唯一一种野枫树，它并没有受到威胁；生产枫汁的北美糖枫并没有濒临灭绝，两者共同之处是它们都没有灭绝的危险。故选C。7．词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Thereportnotesthatconservingat-riskspeciesintheirnaturalhabitatisthebestconservation”以及后文“Butcollectionsinbotanicalgardensandseedbanks-called"exsitucollections"canactasinsurancepoliciesagainstextinction.(但是在植物园和种子库的收藏——被称为“迁地收集”——可以作为防止物种灭绝的保险措施)”可知，报告指出，在自然生长地保护濒危物种是最好的保护策略，但是在植物园和被称为“迁地收集”的种子库的物种收集可以作为防止物种灭绝的保险策略。故tactic意为“策略；方法”，与approach意思一致。A.Topic.主题；B.Approach.方法；C.Result.结果；D.Conclusion.结论。故选B。8．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Thereportrecommendsdevelopingconservationplans,monitoringspeciescurrentlynotatrisktoensurepopulationsaremaintained,andaddingthosemissingmaplespeciestoseedbanks.(该报告建议制定保护计划，监测目前没有危险的物种以维持数量，并将那些消失的枫树物种添加到种子库中)”可推知，该报告的主要目的是提出建议。故选A。3.（2023·广东广州·统考三模）Inthismostunusualyear,thegiftofgivingwillfeelespeciallygood.Thesetipscanhelpmaketheseasonmerryandbrightforeveryone.What’sDifferentThisYearHotTicketItemsMayBeExtraHot:Somecompanieshavescaledbacktheirholidayorderingthisyeartotriminventory,sopopularproductsmightselloutfast—instoresandonline.Soifyouseeagoodpriceforanitemonyourlist,besuretograbit.AndplantoshipgiftsatleasttwoweeksbeforeChristmasEve.OnlineSalesWillStartEarlyThisyear,itmaybemorelikeCyberSeason,withonlinepromotionsandsalesstartingrightafterHalloween.Withconcernsaboutcrowds,retailerswilllikelysavealotoftheirinventoryforonlinesales.Toavoidparkinglotchaos,trytopickupyourpurchasesfirstthinginthemorningorlaterintheevening,whenwaittimesshouldbeshorter.OutletsAreOnlineTooIfoneofyourholidayshoppingtraditionsisatriptotheoutlets,youcanstillexperiencethethrillofthebargainhunt—fromhome.Sisthevirtualversionofthecountry’slargestoutletcompany.Insomeways,it’sevenbetterthananin-persontripbecauseyoucanshopbyitemorcategoryandimmediatelyseewhatdifferentretailershaveinstock,ratherthangoingstoretostore.WhentoShopNotonThanksgiving:Manystoresthatopenedtheirdoorsontheholidaylastyearhaveannouncedthattheywillbeclosedthisyear.Oneupsideforshoppersisrock-bottompricesassomestoresliquidate(清仓).Thedownsides:Theymightnotbearoundifyouneedtoreturnsomethingoruseagiftcard.Inotherwords:Bankruptcybuyersbeware.9．Whichisthebesttimetosendgifts?A．October30. B．December9. C．December15. D．December24.10．Whatcanwelearnaboutholidayshoppingthisyear?A．Shopperscanonlybuyitemsonline.B．ShoppingonThanksgivingisthebestchoice.C．Popularproductsmightselloutfastonlyinstores.D．ShoppersmayseeagoodpriceforanitemrightafterHalloween.11．Whowillbemostinterestedinthispassage?A．Peoplewhoaremoney-less. B．Peoplewholikeshoppingathome.C．Peoplewhoareretailers. D．Peoplewhoarefondofbargains.【答案】9．B10．D11．D【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要是给购物者购买礼品的一些建议。9．细节理解题。根据文章What’sDifferentThisYear中的“AndplantoshipgiftsatleasttwoweeksbeforeChristmasEve(至少在圣诞前夜的两周前把礼物寄出去。)”并根据常识可知，圣诞节前夜是12月24日，所以选择项B的12月9日时间最为接近。故选B。10．细节理解题。根据文章OnlineSalesWillStartEarly中的“Thisyear,itmaybemorelikeCyberSeason,withonlinepromotionsandsalesstartingrightafterHalloween.Withconcernsaboutcrowds,retailerswilllikelysavealotoftheirinventoryforonlinesales.(至今年可能更像网络季，网上促销和促销活动在万圣节后马上开始。出于对人群的担忧，零售商可能会节省大量库存用于网上销售。)”可知，万圣节过后，购物者就能看到商品的好价钱。故选D。11．推理判断题。根据文章OutletsAreOnlineToo中的“Ifoneofyourholidayshoppingtraditionsisatriptotheoutlets,youcanstillexperiencethethrillofthebargainhunt—fromhome.(如果你的假日购物习惯之一是去商店购物，你仍然可以在家里体验到买便宜货的刺激。)”和WhentoShop中的“Oneupsideforshoppersisrock-bottompricesassomestoresliquidate(清仓).(对购物者来说，一个好处是随着一些商店清算，价格会降到最低。)”可推断，喜欢便宜货的人将对本文感兴趣。故选D。4.（2023·湖南省新化县第一中学校考期末）OnenightinMarch,fiveyearsago,duringhappyhouratabarinmyhometown,Imadeasurpriseannouncementtomyfriends:Iwasgoingtoshutdownmylawpracticeandattempttotravelaroundtheglobeinayear.What’smore,Iwoulddoitwithouttakinganyflightsormakingasingleadvancereservationofanykind.Myannouncementdrewmixedreactionsfrommyfriends.Someofferedsupportandencouragement,whileothersweremoredoubtful.OnceI’dsaidthewords,therewasnoturningback.Ittookmonthstoshutdownmylawpracticeandgetthingsinorder.OnceIsetoffonmyadventureinOctober2016,Ifoundthattravellingwithoutusingplaneswasnoteasy.Tryingtocircletheglobein16months(ittookmeabitlongerthantheinitial12monthsIplanned)madeiteventougher.Evenso,travellingoverlandwasthemostawe-inspiringwaytotrulyunderstandtheimmensityofourwonderfulplanet.Itookthreeconsecutiveovernightbusestotravel3,000kmthroughArgentina,fromUshuaia,theworld’ssouthernmostcity,tothecapitalBuenosAires.Iwouldlookoutthewindowsforhoursonendatthecompletelyunspoiledplains,asifhumanshadnevertouchedit.IttooksevenconsecutivedaysandnightsontrainstogetfromMoscowtoBeijing,eachdayspentgazingoutthewindowsforhoursastheWestSiberianPlainsweptby.Sometimes,Iwouldn’tseeavillageorahumanbeingfor10hours.Laterinmyjourney,ittook22daysonacargofreightertogetfromNewZealandthroughthePanamaCanalandbacktoPhiladelphia,tofinishmyround-the-worldadventure.ItturnedoutthattravellingwithnoreservationswasfarlessdifficultthanIhadimagined.Pullingintoacityonabuswithabackpack,lookinginaguidebookforafewsuggestionsofaccommodations,andthenfindinganemptyroomwasnevermuchofaproblemanywhere.Italsokeptmeflexibleandopenaboutallmytravelplans,whichisadviceIgiveeveryonewhoasks—planfarlessthanyouthinkyoushould.12．Theauthor’stripwasspecialinthat.A．hemadeitattheexpenseofgivinguphisjob B．ithardlycosthimanythingC．hedidnotmakeadvancebookingortravelbyair D．itwasaglobaltrip13．TheauthormostprobablyreturnedtotheUnitedStatesin.A．June2017 B．December2018C．October2017 D．February201814．What’sthecorrectorderoftheplacesthattheauthortravelledto?①Moscow②Philadelphia③NewZealand④Ushuaia⑤Beijing⑥BuenosA．⑤④①⑥③② B．④⑥①⑤③②C．④⑤①⑥③② D．⑤①⑥④③②15．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhisaround-the-worldtour?A．challengingbutpleasing B．dangerousbutwonderfulC．boringanddisappointing D．costlyandpainful【答案】12．C13．D14．B15．A【分析】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲了作者在没有任何计划的前提下进行了环球旅行，结果证明毫无准备地旅行比想象的要容易得多。12．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“What’smore,Iwoulddoitwithouttakinganyflightsormakingasingleadvancereservationofanykind.(此外，我也不会乘坐任何航班，也不会提前预订任何种类的机票)”可知，作者旅行的特别之处是没有提前预定，也没有坐飞机。故选C。13．细节理解题。根据第二段中“OnceIsetoffonmyadventureinOctober2016,Ifoundthattravellingwithoutusingplaneswasnoteasy.Tryingtocircletheglobein16months(ittookmeabitlongerthantheinitial12monthsIplanned)madeiteventougher.(当我在2016年10月开始我的冒险之旅时，我发现不使用飞机旅行并不容易。试着在16个月内绕地球一周〔这比我最初计划的12个月要长一些〕让事情变得更加困难)”由此可知，作者2016年10月出发，16个月后返回，即作者最有可能在2018年2月回到美国。故选D。14．细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Itookthreeconsecutiveovernightbusestotravel3,000kmthroughArgentina,fromUshuaia,theworld’ssouthernmostcity,tothecapitalBuenosAires.(我连续乘坐了三趟通宵巴士，从世界最南端的城市乌斯怀亚到首都布宜诺斯艾利斯，穿越阿根廷3000公里)”、第四段第一句“IttooksevenconsecutivedaysandnightsontrainstogetfromMoscowtoBeijing(从莫斯科到北京坐了连续七天的火车)”及第四段最后一句“Laterinmyjourney,ittook22daysonacargofreightertogetfromNewZealandthroughthePanamaCanalandbacktoPhiladelphia,tofinishmyround-the-worldadventure.(在我后来的旅程中，我用了22天的时间乘坐货轮从新西兰穿过巴拿马运河回到费城，完成了我的环球冒险)”可知，作者的旅行路线是乌斯怀亚，布宜诺斯艾利斯，莫斯科，北京，新西兰，费城。故选B。15．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Ifoundtravellingwithoutusingplaneswasnoteasy.”可知，作者在2008年12月开始他的冒险之旅时，他发现不坐飞机旅行并不容易；结合最后一段中“Itturnedoutthattravellingwithnoreservationswasfarlessdifficultthanhadimagined.Pullingintoacityonabuswithabackpack,lookinginaguidebookforafewsuggestionsofaccommodations,andthenfindinganemptyroomwasnevermuchofaproblemanywhere.(没有计划的旅行远没有想象中那么困难，带着背包坐公交车进城，在旅游指南上寻找一些住宿建议，然后找到一个住处在任何地方都不是什么大问题)”可推知，作者的态度是积极的，认为虽然旅行有一定挑战性，但总体上是愉快的。故选A。5.（2023·辽宁大连·高三高中校考阶段练习）WhenBritishmusicianPaulBartonperformsincentralThailandlately,thelistenersreactwildly.Somepullhishairorjumponhispiano.Othersstealhismusic.Thebehaviorisnormal,however,becausethesecrowdsaretrulywild—wildmonkeystobeexact.BartonplaysoftentotheanimalsinLopburi,anareaknownforitspopulationsofwildmonkeys.Thepianisthopesthemusicshowsbringcalmtotheanimalsduringthecoronavirus(COVID-19)crisis.Thediseasehascausedproblemsforthemonkeys,too.Theyarehungry.Therestrictionsontourismmeanfewerpeoplecometoseethemonkeysandfeedthem.ThemonkeysquicklysurroundBartonwhenheplaysGreensleeves,Beethoven'sFurEliseandMichaelNyman'sDiaryofLove.Someofthecreaturessitonhischair,whileothersclimbuphisbodyandtouchhishead.But,Bartonkeepshisattentiononhisperformance,evenasasmallmonkeyrunsoverhishandsontheinstrument.Othermonkeystakecontrolofhismusicpapers.“IwasgladandsurprisedtofindthattheywereactuallyeatingthemusicasIwasplayingit.”ThemonkeysareBarton'slatestanimalfans.Pastwildlifeaudienceincludedelephantslivinginspecialprotectedareas.Bartonhopestoraisepeople'sawarenessofthemonkeys'hunger.Atthesametime,hehopestostudytheirbehaviorastheyreacttoclassicalmusic.“Cometogetheranddon'tletthepandemicstopthewildmonkeysgettinggoodnutritiousfood.Weneedtomakeanefforttomakesurethattheyeatproperly.Andwhentheyeatproperlytheywillbecalmer,”said59-year-oldBarton.16．Whydoesthemusicianplaytothewildmonkeys?A．Toseethewildanimalsjustbeingthemselves. B．Tostudytheirbehaviorastheyreacttopopmusic.C．Toraisemoneyforthewildmonkeys'hunger. D．TohelpcalmthemduringCOVID-19crisis.17．Whatkindofmusicdoesthemusicianplay?A．Contemporarymusic. B．Classicalmusic.C．Countrymusic. D．Popularmusic.18．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“eatingthemusic"inParagraph4referto?A．Stealinghismusicpapers. B．Eatinghismusicpapers.C．Disturbinghisperformance. D．Enjoyinghisplaying19．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．Wildmonkeysliketoplaywiththemusician. B．Peoplewillstarttoprotectthewildmonkeys.C．TheCOVID-19hasdamagedmuchtotheworld. D．Musiccanmakethewildanimalsmoreactive.【答案】16．D17．B18．D19．C【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。英国音乐家PaulBarton最近在泰国中部演出，希望能缓解新冠病毒危机带给动物的压力，带来了很好的反响。16．细节理解题。根据第二段“BartonplaysoftentotheanimalsinLopburi,anareaknownforitspopulationsofwildmonkeys.Thepianisthopesthemusicshowsbringcalmtotheanimalsduringthecoronavirus(COVID-19)crisis.)(Barton经常和Lopburi的动物们玩耍，Lopburi是一个以野生猴子群而闻名的地区。这位钢琴家希望音乐表演能在冠状病毒疫情期间给动物带来平静)”可知，音乐家对着野生猴子演奏是为了帮助他们在新冠肺炎疫情期间保持镇静。故选D。17．细节理解题。根据第四段中“ThemonkeysquicklysurroundBartonwhenheplaysGreensleeves,Beethoven'sFurEliseandMichaelNyman'sDiaryofLove.(当Barton演奏《绿袖》、贝多芬的《致爱丽丝》和MichaelNyman的《爱的日记》时，猴子们很快就把他包围了)”可知，音乐家演奏的是古典音乐。故选B。18．词义猜测题。根据第四段中“ThemonkeysquicklysurroundBartonwhenheplaysGreensleeves,Beethoven'sFurEliseandMichaelNyman'sDiaryofLove.(当Barton演奏《绿袖》、贝多芬的《致爱丽丝》和MichaelNyman的《爱的日记》时，猴子们很快就把他包围了)”以及画线词上文“Iwasgladandsurprisedtofindthattheywereactually”以及后文“asIwasplayingit”可知，让Barton高兴和惊讶的是，在他演奏音乐的时候，猴子真地在欣赏他的演奏。画线词指的是“欣赏他的演奏”。故选D。19．推理判断题。根据第二段“BartonplaysoftentotheanimalsinLopburi,anareaknownforitspopulationsofwildmonkeys.Thepianisthopesthemusicshowsbringcalmtotheanimalsduringthecoronavirus(COVID-19)crisis.(Barton经常和Lopburi的动物们玩耍，Lopburi是一个以野生猴子群而闻名的地区。这位钢琴家希望音乐表演能在冠状病毒疫情期间给动物带来平静)”以及第三段“Thediseasehascausedproblemsforthemonkeys,too.Theyarehungry.Therestrictionsontourismmeanfewerpeoplecometoseethemonkeysandfeedthem.(这种疾病也给猴子带来了问题。他们挨饿。对旅游业的限制意味着更少的人来看猴子和喂它们)”可推知，新冠肺炎疫情给世界造成严重损害。故选C。6.（2023·吉林长春·高三校考阶段练习）Japan'sbiggestairlineisbettingthatthefutureoftravelisn'ttravelingatall.Forthelastmonth,amarriedcouplehasbeeninteractingwitharobot—calledanAvatar—that'scontrolledbytheirdaughterhundredsofmilesaway.MadebyANAHoldingsInc.,itlookslikeavacuumcleanerwithaniPadattached.Butthescreendisplaysthedaughter'sfaceastheychat,anditswheelslethermoveaboutthehouseasthoughshe'sreallythere.“Virtualtravel”isnothingnew,ofcourse.Storytellers,travelwritersandartistshavebeenstimulatingthesensesofarmchairtouristsforcenturies.It'sonlyinrecentdecadesthatfrequent,safetravelhasbecomeavailabletothenon-wealthy.Yetevenastheworld'smiddleclassesclimboutofthearmchairandintoeconomy-classseat,therearesignsofapost-travelsocietyemerging.Concernsaboutenvironmentalsustainabilitycauselosstoairlineswhichreleasemuchcarbon.Andtheagingofabundantsocietiesisbothrestrictingphysicaltravelandcreatingdemandforalternativewaystoexperiencetheworld.Forthetravelindustry,virtualrealityoffersanattractiveresponsetothesetrends.Ofcourse,newtechnologiesencouragefar-outclaims.ANAdoesn'tplantostartsellingAvatarsuntilnextyear.Profits,too,willprobablybedifficulttomake:Byoneestimate,theglobalmarketforthiskindoftechnologywillbeworthonlyabout$300millionby2023.Bycontrast,ANA'straditionaltravelbusinessbroughtinmorethan$19billionlastyear.Butifthebusinessvalueforvirtualvacationsisstillweak,themarketfortechnologiesthatbridgephysicaldistancesbetweenfamiliesandcoworkersseemslikelytoonlyexpand.ANA'srobotsmaynotreplaceitsairplanesanytimesoon,buttheyllalmostcertainlybeapartoftravel'shigh-techfuture.20．Whydoestheauthorusetheexampleofacoupleinteractingwitharobot?A．ToshowtheJapanesearecrazyabouttravel.B．Toindicatevirtualtravelbeginstoenterpeople'sreallife.C．Toshowthecoupleareveryenthusiasticoverrobots.D．Toexpressthecloserelationshipbetweenthecoupleandtheirdaughter.21．Whichofthefollowingisthepossiblereasonforvirtualtravel'sappearance?A．Storytellers,travelwritersandartistshavebeenusingitforcenturies.B．Frequentandsafetravelhasbecomeavailabletotheordinarypeople.C．Peopleareworriedabouttheairpollutioncausedbyairlines.D．Moreandmorepeopleloseinterestintravel.22．WhatcanwelearnaboutAvatarsfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A．Theywillbeputonthemarketsoon.B．TheywillbringANAalotofmoney,C．TheywillreplaceANA'sairplanessoon.D．Theyarealmostunavoidableintravel'sfuture.23．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．YourNextTravelMayBeVirtualB．EasyTravelintheFutureC．VirtualTravelBenefitsD．AirTravelDisappearing【答案】20．B21．C22．D23．A【分析】本文是一篇说明文。日本最大的航空公司创造了Avatar机器人，可以帮助人们实现虚拟旅游，但这家公司暂时不打算售卖这款机器人。虽然虚拟旅游还没有足够的商业价值，但未来其市场需求只会有增无减，这家公司的机器人也一定会成为高科技旅行未来的一部分。20．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Forthelastmonth,amarriedcouplehasbeeninteractingwitharobot…displaysthedaughter'sfaceastheychat,anditswheelslethermoveaboutthehouseasthoughshe'sreallythere.”可知一对夫妇一直在与一个被称为“Avatar”的机器人互动，这个机器人由他们数百英里外的女儿控制。它由全日空公司生产，看起来像一个带有iPad的真空吸尘器。但这对夫妻与女儿聊天时，屏幕上显示的是女儿的脸，她可以借助机器人的轮子来回移动，就好像她真的在那里一样。Avatar机器人帮助女儿实现了虚拟旅游，作者举这个例子就是为了证明虚拟旅游已经开始进入现实生活。故选B项21．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Concernsaboutenvironmentalsustainabilitycauselosstoairlineswhichreleasemuchcarbon...demandforalternativewaystoexperiencetheworld.Forthetravelindustry,virtualrealityoffersanattractiveresponsetothesetrends.”可知对环境可持续性的担忧正在让排放量很高的航空公司遭受损失。富裕社会的老龄化不仅限制了人们的身体旅行，也催生了用其他方式体验社会的需求。对于旅游业来说，虚拟现实为这些趋势提供了一个有人的解决方案。由此推断人们担忧航空造成的空气污染可能是虚拟旅游出现的原因。故选C项。22．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“ANA'srobotsmaynotreplaceitsairplanesanytimesoon,buttheyllalmostcertainlybeapartoftravel'shigh-techfuture.”可知ANA公司的机器人可能不会很快取代飞机，但它们几乎可以肯定地是，他们会成为高科技旅游业未来的一部分。也就是说在未来的旅行中，Avatar机器人几乎是不可避免的。故选D项。23．主旨大意题。本文第一段通过一对夫妻借助一家日本公司生产的Avatar机器人成功实现虚拟旅游的例子来表明虚拟旅游已经开始进入现实，接着探讨了虚拟旅游出现的可能原因，最后指出虽然虚拟度假还没有足够的商业价值，但未来其市场需求只会有增无减。全文都是围绕虚拟旅游来写的，所以A项（你的下一次度假可能是虚拟的）最适合做本文的标题。故选A项。7.（2023·河南·校联考三模）Whenyouweretryingtofigureoutwhattobuyfortheenvironmentalistonyourholidaylist,furprobablydidn’tcrossyourmind.Butsomeecologistsandfashion(时装)enthusiastsaretryingtobringbackthemarketforfurmadefromnutria(海狸鼠).UnusualfashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklynhaveshowcasednutriafurmadeintoclothesindifferentstyles.“Itsoundscrazytotalkaboutguilt-freefur-unlessyouunderstandthatthenutriaaredestroyingvastwetlandseveryyear”,saysCreeMcCree,projectdirectorofRighteousFur.ScientistsinLouisianaweresoconcernedthattheydecidedtopayhunters$5atail.SomeofthefurendsupinthefashionshowsliketheoneinBrooklynlastmonth.NutriawerebroughttherefromArgentinabyfurfarmersandletgointothewild.“Theecosystemdowntherecan’thandlethisnon-nativespecies(物种).It’sdestroyingtheenvironment.It’sthemorus.”saysMichaelMassimi,anexpertinthisfield.Thefurtradekeptnutriaincheckfordecades，butwhenthemarketfornutriacollapsedinthelate1980s，thecat-sizedanimalsmultipliedlikecrazy.BiologistEdmondMoutonrun