2025-2026学年河北省承德市五校高三上学期10月月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河北省承德市五校2025-2026学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A【高考仿真题】TheWorldCuphascometoanend.Let’sreviewsomefactsaboutthehi-techturf(草皮)thatQatarhadspentmuchofitsenergyon.Qatar,adesertnation,hasthreemainchallenges:water,air,andlight.Almosteverynaturalfactorisagainstit.Thewaterusedtoirrigatethegrassisoflowquality,mainlytreatedseawater.Becauseofthedesertsun,Qatar’sstadiumswerebuiltformaximumshade—greatforpreventingheatstroke,butlessidealforphotosynthesis(光合作用).Insidethenearly-closedstadiums,there’sverylittleairmovement.Qataridentifiedpitch(球场)qualityasaparticularissueandsetuptheAspireSportsTurfResearchandDevelopmentCentretofindthebesttypesofgrassforuseintheharshclimate,testing24differentvarieties.Eventually,AtlasTurf’sgrasswaschosenasmuchforitsappearanceasforitstoleranceofthetoughconditionsQatarfaces.Thefollowingpicturesshowsometechfactsabouttheturf,whichensureaconsistentanddurablesurfacefortheplayersinallweatherconditions.1.Whichwasoneofthemainchallengesinbuildinghigh-qualitypitchinQatar?A.Sandstorms. B.Improperseawater.C.Dryair. D.Extremechangesintemperature.2.WhywasAtlasTurf’sgrasschosenforthepitch?A.Ithasthelongestsurvivaltime. B.Itisadaptabletothecondition.C.Itneedsartificialthreads. D.Itisthecheapestintheworld.3.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheturf?A.Itcanrecoverquicklyfromdamage.B.Artificialgrasscovers70percentofthepitch.C.Watercanbesavedatthebottomofthepitch.D.24typesofgrasshavebeenplantedonthepitch.【答案】1.B2.B3.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了卡塔尔在举办世界杯时，为打造高质量球场草皮所面临的挑战及采取的解决方案。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Qatar,adesertnation,hasthreemainchallenges:water,air,andlight.Almosteverynaturalfactorisagainstit.Thewaterusedtoirrigatethegrassisoflowquality,mainlytreatedseawater.(卡塔尔是一个沙漠国家，面临三大挑战：水、空气和光照。几乎每一个自然因素都对它不利。用来灌溉草皮的水质量很低，主要是经过处理的海水。)”可知，在卡塔尔建造高质量球场的主要挑战之一是使用不合适的海水来灌溉草皮。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“QataridentifiedpitchqualityasaparticularissueandsetuptheAspireSportsTurfResearchandDevelopmentCentretofindthebesttypesofgrassforuseintheharshclimate,testing24differentvarieties.Eventually,AtlasTurf’sgrasswaschosenasmuchforitsappearanceasforitstoleranceofthetoughconditionsQatarfaces.(卡塔尔将球场质量视为一个特别问题，并成立了Aspire运动草皮研发中心，以寻找适合在这种恶劣气候下使用的最佳草皮类型，测试了24种不同的品种。最终，AtlasTurf的草皮因其外观和能够耐受卡塔尔面临的恶劣条件而被选中。)”可知，AtlasTurf的草皮能够适应卡塔尔的恶劣条件。故选B。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据图中的文字“Artificialthreads:Theyaresewn18centimetersdeepintothenaturalturf,whichenablesfasterrecoveryoftheturf.(人工线：在天然草皮上缝18厘米深，可以更快地恢复草皮。)”可知，草皮的损坏可以很快恢复。故选A。BWhenLeonardodaVinciwasn’tpaintingmasterpiecesordreamingupflyingmachines,hewasexploringthesecretsofgravity.Consideringhimselfascientistandartist,thisRenaissancethinkerspentuntoldhoursstudyinghowthe“attractionofoneobjecttoanother”affectedphenomenaliketheflightofbirdsandthefallofwater.RecentresearchpublishedinthejournalLeonardorevealsthatLeonardoconducteddetailedgravityexperimentsoveracenturybeforeGalileoandtwocenturiespriortoNewton.“Histhinkingwasfaraheadofhistime,”saidco-authorDrMortezaGharib.ThestudyhighlightsLeonardo’sdeterminationtofindthelawgoverningthedynamicsoffallingobjects.DrGharibsaidhediscoveredtheexperimentswhileexamininganonlineversionoftheCodexArundel,acollectionofLeonardo’snotesfrom1480to1518.Amongitsmirror-writtentexts,adrawingonpage143caughthiseye:atriangle(三角形)formedbycirclespouringfromapot.Heusedacomputerprogramtoflip(翻转)thetriangleandthenearbymirrorwriting.Suddenly,theimagecametolife.“Icouldseemotion,”DrGharibrecalled.“Icouldseehimpouringstuffout.”ItwasaeurekamomentthatrevealedLeonardo’sforward-lookingexperiment.GazingatLeonardo’sdrawing,DrGharibrealizedthattheartisthadseparatedgravity’seffectsintotwocomponents,revealinganormallyhiddenaspectofnature.Inspiredbyhail(冰雹)fallingfromfast-movingclouds,Leonardodemonstratedthroughhisdrawinghowgravity’sconstantforcecausesasteadyspeedgain—shownbytheincreasinggapsbetweenfallingobjectsasthepotmoves.Despitehisbasicexperimentalsetupmorethan500yearsago,Leonardocalculatedtheconstanttoanaccuracywithin10percentofthemodernvalue.“It’sincredible,”DrGharibsaid.“That’sthebeautyofwhatLeonardodoes.”However,DrGharibhesitatedtoexaminetheCodexArundelfurther.“I’mlikeakidinatoystore,afraidtoevenlookatit,”hesaid.Henotedthatwhilearthistorianshadstudiedit,scientistshadnot.“It’sanopenbookwithsomuchtodiscover.”4.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“aeurekamoment”inparagraph3referto?A.Themomentofpouringstuffout.B.Thetimeoffindingthesecretinthedrawing.C.Themomentofdiscoveringthemirror-writtentexts.D.Thetimeofrealizingthetriangle’sfunctioninthedrawing.5.HowdidLeonardodemonstratetheeffectofgravity’sconstantforceinhisdrawing?A.Bysketchingbirdsflyinginatriangularpattern.B.Byshowingwaterpouringfromamovingpot.C.Byrecordingthespeedandtrackofhail.D.Byillustratingincreasinggapsbetweenfallingobjects.6.WhydoesDrGharibthinkLeonardo’sworksincredible?A.Leonardo’snotesweremirror-written.B.Leonardo’sexperimentsusedadvancedtechnology.C.Leonardopaintedmasterpieceswhilestudyingscience.D.Leonardoachievedscientificaccuracycenturiesbeforeotherscientists.7.WhatisDrGharib’sattitudetowardtheCodexArundel?A.Admiring. B.Critical. C.Doubtful. D.Objective.【答案】4.B5.D6.D7.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了列奥纳多·达·芬奇在科学方面的探索，尤其是他对重力的研究，他比伽利略早一个多世纪、比牛顿早两个多世纪就进行了详细的重力实验。【4题详析】词句猜测题。根据上文“Heusedacomputerprogramtoflip(翻转)thetriangleandthenearbymirrorwriting.Suddenly,theimagecametolife.“Icouldseemotion,”DrGharibrecalled.“Icouldseehimpouringstuffout.”(他使用了一个电脑程序来翻转这个三角形和附近的镜像文字。突然，画面变得生动起来。“我能看到运动，”加里布博士回忆道。“我能看到他在倒东西。”)”可知，加里布博士通过翻转三角形和镜像文字，发现了画中的秘密，即列奥纳多·达·芬奇进行的重力实验，所以“aeurekamoment”指的是“在画中发现秘密的时刻”。故选B。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Inspiredbyhailfallingfromfast-movingclouds,Leonardodemonstratedthroughhisdrawinghowgravity’sconstantforcecausesasteadyspeedgain—shownbytheincreasinggapsbetweenfallingobjectsasthepotmoves.(受从快速移动的云层中落下的冰雹的启发，列奥纳多·达·芬奇通过他的画展示了重力的恒定力如何导致速度的稳定增加——这可以通过壶移动时下落物体之间不断增加的间隙来显示。)”可知，列奥纳多·达·芬奇通过说明下落物体之间不断增加的间隙来展示重力恒定力的作用。故选D。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“RecentresearchpublishedinthejournalLeonardorevealsthatLeonardoconducteddetailedgravityexperimentsoveracenturybeforeGalileoandtwocenturiespriortoNewton.(最近发表在《列奥纳多》杂志上的研究显示，列奥纳多·达·芬奇在伽利略之前一个多世纪、在牛顿之前两个多世纪就进行了详细的重力实验。)”和倒数第二段“Despitehisbasicexperimentalsetupmorethan500yearsago,Leonardocalculatedtheconstanttoanaccuracywithin10percentofthemodernvalue.“It’sincredible,”DrGharibsaid.“That’sthebeautyofwhatLeonardodoes.”(尽管500多年前他的实验装置很简单，但列奥纳多·达·芬奇计算出的常数与现代值的误差在10%以内。“这太不可思议了，”加里布博士说。“这就是列奥纳多·达·芬奇作品的魅力所在。”)”可知，加里布博士认为列奥纳多·达·芬奇的作品令人难以置信是因为列奥纳多·达·芬奇在其他科学家之前几个世纪就达到了科学准确性。故选D。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“However,DrGharibhesitatedtoexaminetheCodexArundelfurther.“I’mlikeakidinatoystore,afraidtoevenlookatit,”hesaid.Henotedthatwhilearthistorianshadstudiedit,scientistshadnot.“It’sanopenbookwithsomuchtodiscover.”(然而，加里布博士对进一步研究《阿伦德尔手稿》犹豫不决。“我就像一个玩具店里的孩子，甚至不敢看它，”他说。他指出，虽然艺术史学家已经研究过它，但科学家还没有。“这是一本还有很多要发现的开放的书。”)”可知，加里布博士认为《阿伦德尔手稿》是一本还有很多要发现的开放的书，他对它持赞赏的态度。故选A。CWhatmakesuscareaboutothers?Scientistsstudyingempathy(同理心)havefoundthatpeoplearemorelikelytochoosetoempathizewithgroupsratherthanindividuals,eventhoughtheyfindempathizingequallydifficultanduncomfortableinbothcases.Theresearchersdefinedempathyasunderstanding,feeling,andsharinginanother’sworld,whilemaintainingtheunderstandingthatit’snotthesameasyourworld.Empathycancomeataprice,whetherit’stime,money,oremotion:Feelingothers’paintendstobepainful.Theywantedtolearnwhetherpeopleweremorelikelytochoosetopaythispricewhentheyweredealingwithindividualsorwithgroups.Toinvestigatethis,theresearchersrecruited296participantstotakepartinanexperimentcalledtheEmpathySelectionTask,whichinvitesparticipantstochoosebetweentwodecksofcards,oneofwhichwillaskthemtoempathizeandoneofwhichwillaskthemtoremainobjective.Theirwillingnesstoempathizeismeasuredbyhowoftentheychoosetheempathydeck.Eachparticipantunderwentatwo-blocktest—oneblockofpicturesofindividualsandoneofgroups.Eachblockhad20differentstockphotosdescribingadiverserangeofpeople,with(asfaraspossible)neutral(中性的)facialexpressionsandplainbackgrounds.Participantsweregiventhetwodecksandaskedtochooseacardfromoneofthem.Thentheyweregivenapicturetoreactto,writingdownthreekeywordsthatdescribedeitherthefeelingsofthepeopleintheimagesortheirexternalappearance.Aftereachblock,participantswereaskedquestionswhichaimedtounderstandtheirexperienceofperformingthetasks.Thescientistsfoundthatparticipantschosetoavoidempathizingmoreoftenduringtheblockofindividualpictures,choosingtoempathize34%ofthetimeonaverage.However,duringtheblockofgrouppictures,theychosetoempathize53%ofthetime.Eventhoughtheyfoundempathizingharderandmoredistressingthanstayingobjective,participantschosetopaythatpricemoreoftenduringthetestofgroupimages.Participantsratedtheirowneffectivenessinempathizingwithgroupshigher:Thiscouldhaveboostedtheirconfidenceandencouragedthemtoempathize.8.Whatisindicatedaboutempathyaccordingtotheresearch?A.Itisalwaysapleasantexperience.B.Itiseasyforeveryonetodevelop.C.Itcanbeuncomfortableandcostly.D.Itjustappliestoindividualsinsteadofgroups.9.Whatisthepurposeofusingneutral-expressionphotosintheexperiment?A.Toavoidemotionalinfluence.B.Toarouseparticipants’curiosity.C.Tomakeparticipantsfocusonappearance.D.Totestparticipants’abilitytorecognizeemotions.10.Whatdidempathizingwithgroupsbringabout?A.Thedevelopmentofasenseofbelonging.B.Thepossibilityofremainingobjective.C.Adecreaseinthesenseofguilt.D.Anincreaseinconfidence.11.Whichsectionofanewspaperisthetexttakenfrom?A.Education. B.Psychology. C.Personalgrowth. D.Mentalhealth.【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家对同理心的研究，研究发现人们更愿意对群体而非个人产生同理心，尽管在两种情况下产生同理心都同样困难和令人不适。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Empathycancomeataprice,whetherit’stime,money,oremotion:Feelingothers’paintendstobepainful.(同理心是有代价的，无论是时间、金钱还是情感：感受他人的痛苦往往会带来痛苦。)”可知，同理心可能会让人不舒服。故选C。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Eachblockhad20differentstockphotosdescribingadiverserangeofpeople,with(asfaraspossible)neutralfacialexpressionsandplainbackgrounds.(每个模块都有20张不同的图库照片，描述了各种各样的人，面部表情（尽可能）中性，背景简单。)”可知，使用中性表情照片是为了避免情感影响，使实验结果更准确。故选A。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Participantsratedtheirowneffectivenessinempathizingwithgroupshigher:Thiscouldhaveboostedtheirconfidenceandencouragedthemtoempathize.(参与者对自己与群体产生同理心的效果评价更高：这可能增强了他们的信心，并鼓励他们产生同理心。)”可知，对群体产生同理心会增强自信心。故选D。【11题详析】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了科学家对同理心的研究，属于心理学范畴，因此这篇文章可能是从报纸的心理学部分摘录的。故选B。DWhensomeoneisusingantipsychoticdrugs(抗精神病药物),itisvitallyimportantthattheytakethecorrectamount,andthattheydon’tsuddenlystoptakingthemedication.Soon,afingerprintsweattestcouldbeusedtocheckthatsuchpeoplearefollowinginstructions.Currently,bloodtestsarerequiredtodetectwhichantipsychoticsarebeingtaken,andinwhatamounts.Needlesstosay,thesetestsarepainfulforpatients.Seekingaquickerandlessunpleasantalternative,scientistsatBritain’sUniversityofSurreyrecentlylookedtothesweatfromourfingertips.Previousstudieshaveshownthatcertainotherdrugscanbedetectedinfingertipsweatsamples,whichunlikebloodsamplescanbestoredandtransportedatroomtemperature.Theycanalsobeobtainedbylaypeople(非专业人员),notjustbytrainedclinicians.Forthenewstudy,60patientswhoweretakingclozapine,quetiapineorolanzapineantipsychoticswererecruited,alongwith30peoplewhoweren’ttakinganysuchdrugs.Bothbeforeandafterwashingtheirhands,eachpersonpressedtheirfingertipsagainstapieceofpaperfor30seconds.Thesweatthatwasabsorbedbythatpaperwassubsequentlyanalyzed.Itwasfoundthatallofthedrugscouldbedetectedinthesamples.Inthecaseofclozapine,itwasevenpossibletomatchdruglevelsinthesweattothosemeasuredinthebloodstreamviaconventionaltesting.Itishopedthatwithadditionalresearch,thesamecouldbetrueoftheotherdrugs.“Wearecurrentlyexploringmethodstoquantifythelevelofdrugsinafingerprintandtheidealsamplingtime,”saidProf.MelanieBailey,correspondingauthorofthestudy.“Wearealsoveryinterestedtoseewhetherfingerprintscanbeusedtodiagnosediseaseforexamplefromthemetabolites(代谢物)thataredepositedinafingerprintsample.”12.Whatisimpliedaboutcurrentbloodtests?A.Theyyielduncertainresults. B.Theycausediscomfortinpatients.C.Theyrequirelittleprofessionaltraining. D.Theyarerarelyusedindiseasedetection.13.Whatcanbeinferredaboutfingertipsweatsampling?A.Itsimplifiessamplecollection. B.Itremoveslaboratoryneeds.C.Itprovidesreal-timeanalysis. D.Itreplacesexpensivetreatmentplans.14.Whatdoesthelastparagraphsuggestaboutfutureresearch?A.Fingerprintsmayrevealdiseaseclues. B.Sweattestingmaysoonbereplaced.C.Antipsychoticswillbefullyquantified. D.Bloodsamplingwillberevived.15.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Bloodtestsremainthemostreliable. B.Fingerprintshelptraceillegaldrugs.C.Apainlessmethodcantrackdruguse. D.Drugmisusecausesserioussideeffects.【答案】12.B13.A14.A15.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍抗精神病药物服用需遵剂量，当前血检痛苦，英国科学家研究出指纹汗液检测法，无痛且易操作，未来还可能用于疾病诊断。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Currently,bloodtestsarerequiredtodetectwhichantipsychoticsarebeingtaken,andinwhatamounts.Needlesstosay,thesetestsarepainfulforpatients.(目前，需要进行血液检测来确定患者正在服用何种抗精神病药物以及服用的剂量。毋庸置疑，这些检测过程对患者来说是十分痛苦的)”可知，当前的血液检测会给患者带来不适。故选B。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Previousstudieshaveshownthatcertainotherdrugscanbedetectedinfingertipsweatsamples,whichunlikebloodsamplescanbestoredandtransportedatroomtemperature.Theycanalsobeobtainedbylaypeople(非专业人员),notjustbytrainedclinicians.(先前的研究表明，某些其他药物能够在指尖汗液样本中被检测出来。与血液样本不同，这些汗液样本可以在室温下保存和运输。而且，这些样本也可以由非专业人员获取，而不仅仅是由经过培训的临床医生获取)”可知，指尖汗液采集简化了样本采集过程。故选A。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Wearecurrentlyexploringmethodstoquantifythelevelofdrugsinafingerprintandtheidealsamplingtime,”saidProf.MelanieBailey,correspondingauthorofthestudy.“Wearealsoveryinterestedtoseewhetherfingerprintscanbeusedtodiagnosediseaseforexamplefromthemetabolites(代谢物)thataredepositedinafingerprintsample.”(该研究的通讯作者梅兰妮·贝利教授表示：“我们目前正探索如何量化指纹中药物的含量以及理想的采样时间。我们还非常有兴趣研究指纹是否能够用于疾病诊断，例如通过指纹样本中沉积的代谢物来进行诊断。”)”可知，未来研究中指纹可能揭示疾病线索。故选A。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Seekingaquickerandlessunpleasantalternative,scientistsatBritain’sUniversityofSurreyrecentlylookedtothesweatfromourfingertips.(为了寻找一种更快捷且不那么令人不适的替代方法，英国萨里大学的科学家们最近将目光转向了我们手指上的汗液)”结合文章介绍抗精神病药物服用需遵剂量，当前血检痛苦，英国科学家研究出指纹汗液检测法，无痛且易操作，未来还可能用于疾病诊断。可知，这篇文章的主旨是有一种无痛的方法可以追踪药物使用情况。故选C。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。IwaslookingoutofmywindowwhenIsawthem—dozensofcaterpillars(毛毛虫)crawlingalloveralovelygreenplantinmygarden.____16____Injustafewdays,onlythin,weakstemsremained.Finally,theyturnedintobutterfliesandflewoff.Ifeltlikeafarmerwhosefieldhadbeendestroyedbypests.____17____Insectpopulationsaredeclininggloballyatarateof1%to2%eachyear.Thisisahugeproblem,andanyhelpisvaluable.Manypeoplearenow“plantingforhelpers”.Arecentsurveyfoundthatasignificantnumberofpeoplearebuyingplantstosupportwildlife.Thisprovidesbees,butterfliesandotherflyinginsectswithfoodfromnativewildflowers.Butwhataboutplantingforplant-eaters?Shouldweplantthingshopingtheywillgeteaten?Iaskedsomeexperts.Mathew,anecologist,saysthatinsectsthateatplantsshouldn’tbecalledpests—they’rejustplant-eaters.“Mygardenisprimarilyforinsects,”hesays.Oneplantthatgardenersshouldconsidergrowingforinsectsismilkweed.____18____Insectsfacemanythreats,likechemicalsusedtokillthemonfarms.____19____“We’retalkingaboutsmallanimals,sosmallareasdohelp,”saysconservationbiologistSarahShepherd.Studiesshowthatsimpledecisionsbygardenerscanaffectinsectnumbers.Thecaterpillarsreturnedthisspringjustlikelastyear.Butnow,Iwatchthemwithhope.Howstrange!____20____Thismakesmewonder:Whatother“pests”havewegottenwrong?Andhowmuchrichermightourworldbeifwelearntowelcomethem?A.Sadly,mylovelyplantnevergotbetterafterthat.B.It’sthefavoritefoodofMonarchbutterflybabies.C.Manybelievesmallgardensrequirefewerchemicaltreatments.D.However,Isoonlearnedthatthismightnotbeasbadasitseemed.E.ThesecreatureswhichIoncethoughtwereenemiesmightactuallybeguests.F.Itmightseemlikesmallgardenscan’tmakeadifference,buttheycan.G.Iwatched,withsomehorror,astheseinsectschewedtheleavestobits.【答案】16.G17.D18.B19.F20.E【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者目睹毛毛虫啃食花园里的植物，最初感到沮丧，但后来了解到昆虫数量全球下降，意识到毛毛虫等昆虫的重要性，并开始以希望的心态看待它们。【16题详析】根据上文“IwaslookingoutofmywindowwhenIsawthem—dozensofcaterpillars(毛毛虫)crawlingalloveralovelygreenplantinmygarden.(我正往窗外看，突然看到了它们——几十只毛毛虫，正爬满我花园里一株漂亮的绿色植物。)”和下文“Injustafewdays,onlythin,weakstemsremained.(短短几天时间，只剩下纤细柔弱的茎秆了。)”可知，上文提到作者看到几十只毛毛虫爬在花园的绿植上，下文提到几天内只剩纤细的茎，空处需补充毛毛虫破坏植物的动作。选项G“Iwatched,withsomehorror,astheseinsectschewedtheleavestobits.(我有些惊恐地看着这些昆虫把叶子啃成碎片。)”符合语境。故选G。【17题详析】根据上文“Ifeltlikeafarmerwhosefieldhadbeendestroyedbypests.(我感觉自己就像一位农田被害虫毁坏的农民。)”和下文“Insectpopulationsaredeclininggloballyatarateof1%to2%eachyear.Thisisahugeproblem,andanyhelpisvaluable.(全球昆虫数量正以每年1%到2%的速度减少。这是个严重的问题，任何帮助都很宝贵。)”可知，上文表达了对毛毛虫的负面态度，下文转而讨论全球昆虫数量下降，需要保护，上下文存在态度转折。选项D“However,Isoonlearnedthatthismightnotbeasbadasitseemed.(然而，我很快意识到事情可能没看起来那么糟。)”起到承上启下的作用，引出下文对昆虫保护的话题。故选D。【18题详析】根据上文“Oneplantthatgardenersshouldconsidergrowingforinsectsismilkweed.(园丁们为昆虫考虑应种植的植物之一是马利筋。)”可知，上文提到园丁建议为昆虫种植马利筋，空处需补充马利筋与昆虫的关联。选项B“It’sthefavoritefoodofMonarchbutterflybabies.(它是帝王蝶幼虫最爱的食物。)”具体说明种植马利筋的意义，解释了为昆虫种植物的原因，符合语境。故选B。【19题详析】根据下文““We’retalkingaboutsmallanimals,sosmallareasdohelp,”saysconservationbiologistSarahShepherd.(“我们讨论的是小型动物，所以小块区域也能起到作用。”保护生物学家萨拉・谢泼德说道。)”可知，下文引用专家观点强调小花园对昆虫的作用。选项F“Itmightseemlikesmallgardenscan’tmakeadifference,buttheycan.(看似小花园起不了作用，但实际上可以。)”，与下文专家的话形成呼应，提前点明小花园有帮助的核心观点，符合语境。故选F。【20题详析】根据上文“Thecaterpillarsreturnedthisspringjustlikelastyear.Butnow,Iwatchthemwithhope.Howstrange!(今年春天，毛毛虫又像去年一样回来了。但现在，我满怀希望地看着它们。多奇妙啊！)”和下文“Thismakesmewonder:Whatother“pests”havewegottenwrong?Andhowmuchrichermightourworldbeifwelearntowelcomethem?(这让我不禁思考：我们还误解了哪些“害虫”？如果我们学会接纳它们，我们的世界会变得多么丰富多彩啊？)”可知，上文体现作者对毛毛虫态度的转变，下文进一步深化对“害虫”的重新认知。选项E“ThesecreatureswhichIoncethoughtwereenemiesmightactuallybeguests.(这些我曾经视为敌人的生物，或许其实是访客。)”符合语境。故选E。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。LastmonthIwasenrolledinIntermediateSpanishConversationclass.Previousgrammarclassesweregenerallypretty____21____,emotionallyspeaking.Ontheotherhand,conversationclasses____22____metoengagingwithotherpeopleinawaythatsoundedunrehearsed.Itwasriskyforme.Ashomeworkforthesecondconversationclass,weweretogiveashort____23____aboutabookwehadreadandthenansweredquestionswithoutpreparation.With____24____athand,everythingstartedoffreallywell.Butduringthequestion-and-answerpart,mydeliverybecamealotless____25____andmuchmorerandom.Istruggledtofindtherightwords,____26____completeblanksonwhichverbtensestouse.Anxietysetin.Butthensomethingmagicalhappened.I____27____nottotrysohardandaskedforhelp.Myclassmates____28____cutinwiththewordsIcouldn’tfind.Theteacheraskedaquestionthatsmoothedovertheroughedgesandgotmeback____29____.Itookadeepbreathandrealizedthateventhoughitwasnotperfect,noonereally____30____.Actually,everyonewaseagerto____31____mealong.Iwasenjoyingthisroller-coasterride.WhenIfirst____32____Spanishclasses,Ithoughtitwouldbeapurelyintellectualpursuit.Ihavecometoseethatitismorelikeanimprov(即兴)class.Youhavetobereadytolook____33____andhavefun.Ifyoucan’tfindtheperfectword,thereareothersthatcanworkjustaswell.Youhavetobereadytoacknowledgethatit’smoreimportantto____34____withpeoplethantohavealltheanswers.Knowingthis,Iamreadytotakethe____35____againnextsemester.21.A.hard B.fancy C.safe D.valuable22.A.attached B.committed C.applied D.appealed23.A.presentation B.analysis C.evaluation D.adaptation24.A.laptops B.pens C.notes D.dictionaries25.A.critical B.amusing C.faithful D.polished26.A.filling B.extending C.leaving D.drawing27.A.resolved B.defended C.expected D.agreed28.A.barely B.politely C.regularly D.repeatedly29.A.insight B.invain C.onschedule D.ontrack30.A.cared B.bothered C.remained D.wondered31.A.monitor B.challenge C.blame D.coach32.A.droppedoutof B.lookedbackon C.signedupfor D.caughtupwith33.A.foolish B.curious C.proud D.sad34.A.compromise B.connect C.argue D.compare35.A.advice B.risk C.charge D.order【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.C25.D26.C27.A28.B29.D30.A31.D32.C33.A34.B35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述了自己参加中级西班牙语会话课的经历，从最初的紧张不安到后来享受其中，意识到与人交流比拥有所有答案更重要，并决定下学期继续学习。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从情感上讲，以前的语法课通常都很安全。A.hard艰难的；B.fancy精致的；C.safe安全的；D.valuable有价值的。根据下文“Ontheotherhand”和“Itwasriskyforme”可知，上下文是转折关系，会话课对作者来说是有风险的，由此可推知，语法课是安全的。故选C。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但另一方面，会话课要求我必须以一种自然的、未经演练的方式与他人交流。A.attached附上；B.committed使承担义务；C.applied应用；D.appealed吸引。根据下文“metoengagingwithotherpeopleinawaythatsoundedunrehearsed”可知，会话课让作者以一种听起来未经排练的方式与他人互动，即会话课使作者承担了与他人互动的风险。commitsbtodoingsth表示“使某人承担做某事的义务或责任”。故选B。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为第二节会话课的作业，我们需要就自己读过的一本书做一个简短展示，随后还要即兴回答问题。A.presentation介绍，展示；B.analysis分析；C.evaluation评估；D.adaptation改编。根据下文“thenansweredquestionswithoutpreparation”和常识可知，“先展示内容，再回答问题”是常见流程。故选A。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：手头有笔记辅助，一开始一切都进行得很顺利。A.laptops笔记本电脑；B.pens钢笔；C.notes笔记；D.dictionaries字典。根据下文“everythingstartedoffreallywell”以及上文提到要介绍读过的书，可推知，此处指作者带着笔记开始介绍。故选C。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但到了问答环节，我的表达变得不再流畅娴熟，反而混乱无序。A.critical批评的；B.amusing有趣的；C.faithful忠实的；D.polished熟练的，流畅的。根据下文“andmuchmorerandom”和“less...andmore...”提示前后为对比关系可知，空处和random意思相反，“polished熟练的，流畅的”符合题意。故选D。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我绞尽脑汁想找到恰当的词汇，却在该用哪种动词时态的问题上频频留白。A.filling填充；B.extending延伸；C.leaving留下；D.drawing画。根据上文“struggledtofindtherightwords”可知，存在无法确定的内容，根据下文“completeblanksonwhichverbtensestouse”可知，关于动词时态的完全空白是找不到词的具体表现。由此可知，leaveblanks表示“留下空白”，符合“无法确定时态”的场景。故选C。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定不再逼自己硬撑，而是主动寻求帮助。A.resolved决定；B.defended防御；C.expected期待；D.agreed同意。根据“Anxietysetin”和下文“nottotrysohardandaskedforhelp”可知，不那么用力，而是求助是应对焦虑的决定。故选A。【28题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同学们礼貌地插话，为我补充那些想不起来的词汇。A.barely几乎不；B.politely礼貌地；C.regularly定期地；D.repeatedly重复地。根据上文“I________nottotrysohardandaskedforhelp.”以及下文“cutinwiththewordsIcouldn’tfind”可知，作者寻求帮助，所以同学是礼貌地插话，说出了作者说不出的词。故选B。【29题详析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：老师也适时提出了一个问题，巧妙地化解了尴尬，帮我重新回到正轨。A.insight看得见；B.invain徒劳；C.onschedule按时；D.ontrack在正轨上。根据上文“Theteacheraskedaquestionthatsmoothedovertheroughedges”可知，老师问了一个缓和尴尬的问题，目的是让作者回到正常的交流节奏。固定短语getbackontrack表示“回到正轨”。故选D。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我深吸一口气，突然意识到：即便我的表现并不完美，也没人真的在意。A.cared关心；B.bothered困扰；C.remained保持；D.wondered想知道。根据上文“eventhoughitwasnotperfect”和下文用“Actually”转折，说明没人在意不完美。故选A。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，每个人都热切地想指导我、帮我渡过难关。A.monitor监控；B.challenge挑战；C.blame责备；D.coach指导，帮助。根据下文“Iwasenjoyingthisroller-coasterride”以及上文提到同学帮助作者，老师缓和紧张气氛，可推知，每个人都渴望帮助作者。固定短语coachsb.along表示“指导/支持某人继续”。故选D。【32题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：起初报名西班牙语课时，我以为这只是一场纯粹的智力学习。A.droppedoutof退出；B.lookedbackon回顾；C.signedupfor报名参加；D.caughtupwith赶上。根据下文“Ithoughtitwouldbeapurelyintellectualpursuit”可知，以为它只是纯粹的智力活动是作者刚开始上西班牙语课时的想法。故选C。【33题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你必须做好出糗的准备，并且享受这个过程。A.foolish愚蠢的，笨拙的；B.curious好奇的；C.proud自豪的；D.sad悲伤的。根据下文“Ifyoucan’tfindtheperfectword,thereareothersthatcanworkjustaswell”可知，如果不能找到完美的词，还有其他词同样适用，由此推知，此处指必须准备好看起来笨拙，不要害怕犯错。故选A。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你还得明白，与他人沟通交流比掌握所有标准答案更重要。A.compromise妥协；B.connect连接，交流；C.argue争论；D.compare比较。根据下文“withpeoplethantohavealltheanswers”以及上文提到作者参加的是会话课，可推知，此处指与人交流比拥有所有答案更重要。connectwithsb表示“与某人交流”。故选B。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道了这一点，我准备下学期再冒一次险。A.advice建议；B.risk风险；C.charge费用；D.order命令。根据上文“Itwasriskyforme”以及“againnextsemester”可推知，作者准备下学期再冒一次险，继续学习西班牙语。taketherisk表示“冒险”。故选B。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chineseresearchershavedevelopeda____36____(create)wearableartificialintelligence(AI)systemtoassistblindindividualswithnavigation,withthefindings____37____(publish)MondayinthejournalNatureMachineIntelligence.Thesystemintegratesvisual,auditoryandtactile(触觉的)feedback,usingAItechnologytoscanthesurroundingenvironment.Whenthewearerapproachesobstaclesorobjects,itsendssignalstoguidethemthroughmovements,objecthandling,andothervisualtasks,thereforeenhancingtheirindependenceindailylife.Thisbreakthroughinbiomedicalengineering____38____(lead)byGuLeilei,anassociateprofessoratShanghaiJiaoTongUniversity,____39____cooperationwithresearchersfromFudanUniversity,theHongKongUniversityofScienceandTechnology,EastChinaNormalUniversity,andotherpartners.Theresearchteamdesignedthisuser-friendlya