高考英语二轮总复习课后习题 阅读理解专题特训16 (二)

阅读理解专题特训16

A

（北京卷,B）

AliceMooreisateenagerentrepreneur（仓ij业者），whoinMayset

upherbusinessAilieCandy.Bythetimeshewas13,hercompanywas

worthmillionsofdollarswiththeinventionofasuper-sweettreat

thatcouldsavekids'teeth,insteadofdestroyingthem.

ItallbeganwnenMoorevisitedabankwithherdad.Onthe

outing,shewasofferedacandybar.However,herdadremindedher

thatsugarytreatswerebadforherteeth.ButMoorewassickof

missingoutoncandies.Soshedesiredtogetroundthewarning,“Why

can'tTmakeahealthycandythat?sgoodformyteethsothatmy

parentscan,tsaynotoit?”Withthatinmind,Mooreaskedher

dadifshecouldstartherowncandycompany.Herecommendedthat

shedosomeresearchandtalktodentistsaboutwhatahealthier

candywouldcontain.

Withherdad'spermission,shespentthenexttwoyears

researchingonlineandconductingtrialstogetarecipethatwas

bothtastyandtooth-friendly.Shealsoapproacheddentiststolearn

moreaboutteethcleaning.Consequently,shesucceededinmakinga

kindofcandyonlyusingnaturalsweeteners,whichcanreduceoral

bacteria.

Moorethenusedhersavingstogetherbusinessoffthe

ground.Afterwards,sheandherfathersecuredtheirfirstbusiness

meetingwithasupermarketowner,whofinallyagreedtosell

Moore'sproduct一CanCandy.

AsCanCandy'ssuccessgrows,sodoesMoore,scredibilityas

ayoungentrepreneur.Mooreisenthusiasticaboutthecandyshe

created,andshe'salsopositiveaboutwhatthefuturemight

bring.Shehopesthateverykidcanhaveacleanmouthandabroad

smile.

Meanwhile,withherparentsJhelp,Mooreisgenerallyableto

liveanormalteenagelife.Althoughshefoundedhercompanyearly

oninlife,shewasn'tdrivenprimarilybyprofit.Moorewantsto

useheruniquetalenttohelpothersfindtheirsmiles.Shedonates

10%ofAilieCandy?sprofitstoBigSmiles.Withhertalentand

determination,itappearsthattheskycouldbethelimitforAlice

Moore.

1.HowdidMoorereacttoherdad'swarning?

A.Shearguedwithhim.B.Shetriedtofindawayout.

C.Shepaidnoattention.D.Shechosetoconsultdentists.

2.WhatisspecialaboutCanCandy?

A.Itisbeneficialtodentalhealth.B.Itisfreeof

sweeteners.

C.Itissweeterthanothercandies.D.Ttisproducedtoadentists,

recipe.

3.WhatdoesMooreeherbusiness?

A.Toearnmoremoney.B.Tohelpothersfindsmiles.

C.Tomakeherselfstandout.D.Tobeatothercandy

companies.

4.WhatcanwelearnfromAliceMooreJsstory?

A.Fameisagreatthirstoftheyoung.B.Ayouthistobe

regardedwithrespect.

C.Positivethinkingandactionresultinsuccess.D.Success

meansgettingpersonaldesiressatisfied.

B

（广西桂林、百色、梧州、北海、崇左高三三模,D）

WhenemergencyworkersarriveatanoldfirehouseinNewYork

City,thewaytheygreeteachotherisnotwhatyoumight

expect.Thesefirstresponderssay,“NiHao!”“NiHao”means

“hello“inMandarinChinese.

Firstrespondersarethefirstemergencyworkerstoarriveat

afire,trafficaccidentorotheremergency.Somefirstresponders

arefirefighters,whileotherscanbeEmergencyMedical

Technicians.

InBrooklyn,NewYork,over20firstrespondersarestudying

MandarinChineseforabouttwohoursaweek.Theclassisthefirst

ofitskind.ItisofferedbytheNewYorkCityFireDepartment

Foundation.

TheU.S.CensusBureaurecentlyreportedthatsomeNewYork

neighborhoodsaremadeupmostlyofimmigrants.Somepeoplehave

predictedthattheChinesecommunityislikelytobecomeNewYork's

largestimmigrantgroup.Theythinkthecitywi11havethelargest

ChinesecommunityoutsideofAsia.

TheCensusBureaualsofoundthatalmost200languagesare

spokeninthecity.So,knowingdifferentlanguagesis

important,especiallyifyouareafirstresponder.

Lieutenant（中尉，少尉）SteveLeeispresidentoftheFire

DepartmentsPhoenixSociety.Hesaysrhatfirstrespondersmust

beabletocommunicatequicklyandeffectivelywhenanemergency

happens.Heexplainsthatfirstrespondersenterneighborhoodsand

communitiestoassistregardlessofwheretheyarefrom.Manytimes

firstrespondersdonotspeakthesamelanguageasthepeoplethey

arecalledtohelp.Headdsthatitisvital,orveryimportant,that

firstrespondersareabletocommunicatewiththepeoplecalling

forhelp.

Withouthelpfromhomeownersandothers,Leeadds,discovering

exactlywhereafireisburningcanbearealproblem.First

respondersneedtoaskquestionssuchas“Whatbuilding?\Vhat

address?Whatapartment?vAndthemostimportantquestion,“Is

thereanybodyleftinthebuildingandwhere?”

1.Whoarefirstrespondersaccordingtoparagraph2?

A.Peoplefirstlearningthedisaster.B.Peopleleading

theemergencyrescue.

C.Rescuersfirstreachingthescene.D.Peoplefirst

findthedisaster.

2.WhyarethefirstrespondersinNewYorkstudyingtheChinese

language?

A.ToshowrespecttotheChineseimmigrants.

B.TolearnaboutChineseculturesmuchbetter.

C.TomeettherapidgrowthofChinesepopulation.

D.TofindabetterjobintheChinesecommunity.

3.Whatdofirstrespondersconcernmost?

A.Theplacewherethefireoccurs.B.Thepeopletrappedinthe

fire.

C.Thelanguagetocommunicate.D.Thedistancecoveredtothe

fire.

4.WhatcanbeasuitabletitlefortheteustforEmergencyWorkers

B.NewYork,sEmergencyCrewsLearningMandarin

C.LanguageProblemsDisturbingFirstResponders'Work

D.ImportanceofLanguagesUsedintheEmergencyRescue

C

Anewstudyshowsthatwhenteachersparticipateinatraining

programfocusedonprosocial(亲社会的)classroombehavior,their

studentsarebetterabletocontroltheiremotions,andthat

childrenwhocanregulateemotionsaremorelikelytobe

academicallysuccessful.

Forthestudy,whichappearsinPreventionScience,researchers

lookedatmorethan100teachersand1,817studentsfrom

kindergartentothirdgradetoseeifteacherscouldsupport

students'emotionalandbehavioralgrowththroughtheIncredible

YearsTeacherClassroomManagement(IYTCM)program.

Theprogramusesvideosandtrainingsessions,alongwith

role-playingandcoaching,tohelpteacherslearnmanagementskills

suchasusingbehavior-specificpraise,buildingpositive

relationshipswithstudents,andconsideringhowtoreducepoor

behavior.Teachersinthetraininggroupincreasedinteractions

withstudentsby64percentcomparedwith53percentforteachers

inthecontrolgroupwithoutthetraining.

uEmotionalregulationistheabilitytorecognizewhat

behaviorisappropriateinthepresentsituation,“saysWendy

Reinke,professorintheCollegeofEducationattheUniversityof

Missouri."Foreighthavedifficultycontrollingthefeelingof

angerifheorshebecomesannoyedwithanotherstudent.Butunder

thisprogram,theteacherencouragesthemtomovetoadifferentspot

intheclassroom,effectivelyteachingthemthatsometimesstepping

awayandtakingabreakisagoodwaytocalmdownandmanagethat

feeling.”

Afteroneschoolyearofusingtheprogramin

classrooms,studentsimprovedtheirsocialabilityandabilityto

regulatetheiremotions.Theseimprovementsresultedinanincrease

inthetestsforstudentsinIncredibleYearsclassrooms

vs.studentsincontrolclassrooms.Andthisclassroommanagement

approachcanhelpreducetheriskforstrugglinglearnersearly

on,whichcouldhelppreventmoreaccumulativesupportneedsina

child,sfuture.

1.WhatdotheteachersdointheIYTCMprogram?

A.Learnhowtoidentifypoorbehavior.

B.Offertheresearchersadviceonemotionalcontrol.

C.Takecareofkidsfromkindergartentothirdgrade.

D.Applydifferentwaystolearninghowtomanagekids.

2.WhatdoWendyReinke'swordssuggestinparagraph4?

A.Nowitishardforstudentstocontroltheiranger.

B.Acalmmannerisaneffectivewaytohandleproblems.

C.Fewcanrealizetheirbehaviorisunfitforasituation.

D.Theprogramwillshowhowtohandletroublesomekids.

3.Whatistheauthor?sattitudetowardsthetrainingprogram?

A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Subjective.

D.Indifferent.

4.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.Studyresultsoftheprogramareentirelyuneadvancesthe

students'academicperformance.

C.Studentsincontrolclassroomscanbettercontroltheiremotions.

D.Studentschangetheirbadbehaviorshortlythroughtheprogram.

D

（广西高三三模,D）

Mangrovesaretreesthattypicallygrowinsaltwateralong

coasts.Butsomeredmangrovesendupdeepintherainforestsof

Mexico,sYucatanPeninsula.Theseplants1iveinfreshwateralong

theSanPedroMartirRiver.ThatJsnearly200kilometersfromthe

sea.Scientistswantedtoknowhowthesemangrovesgottrappedso

farinland.CarlosBurelowasamongthem.Hebecamecuriousabout

thesenicingrovesonachildhoodfishingtripthere35years

ago.Burelosawthattherootsofthemangrovesgrewabove

ground.Thiswasdifferentfromtheothertrees.

Burelo'steamfirstinvestigatedwherethefreshwater

mangrovescamefrom.Theystartedbycollectingtheirleavesand

thencomparedtheirDNAtotheleavesfromcoastalmangroveswhich

weregrowingalongtheGulfofMexico.TheDNAhelpedidentifythe

originsofthemangrovesontheSanPedroMartirRiver.Theyhad

startedalongtheGulfofMee170kilometersawayfromtheriver.The

teamdiscoveredotherevidencethatthisecosystemhadoncebeen

coastal.Theydiscovered112otherspeciesinthisregionthatare

typicallyfoundnearcoasts.

Theresearcherslookedatthesoiltoo."Thesesediments（沉

积物）nearthemangrovesrevealedexactlywhatweexpected,“said

ExequielEzcurra,anecologistattheUniversityofCalifornia.Tn

all,theresearchersturnedupcoastalstones,shellsofseasnails

andclaysedimentsrichinshellfragments（碎片）.Theseledthe

researcherstoconcludetheareausedtobepartoftheoceanlong

ago.

Computermodelsofhowthesealevelhaschangedovertime

confirmedthosefindings.Themodelsshowedthatwhensealevels

werehigherinthepast,theoceanmergedwiththelowerbasinof

theSanPedroMartirRiver.Thatwouldhavebeenaround150,000to

130,000yearsago.Thispushedredmangrovesandotherspecies

inland.

“Thisdiscoveryhighlightshowchangestothepastclimate

haveaffectedtheworld,scoastlines,Ezcurrasaid."Italso

offersachancetobetterunderstandhowfuturesealevelrisemay

affecttheseecosystems.”

1.Whatmakesthemangrovesdifferentfromtheothertrees?

A.Theuniquegeographicallocation.B.Theunusualrootsofthe

mangroves.

C.Thewonderfulgrowthenvironment.D.Thespecialcareof

mankind.

2.Whatcanweinferaboutthefreshwatermangrovesandthecoastal

ones?

A.Theyhavedifferentorigins.B.Theyhavedifferentleaves.

C.TheyarecloseinDNA.D.Theybothhavemanyspecies.

3.Theunderlinedphraseumergedwith"inparagraph4hasthe

closestmeaningto"”.

A.developedfromB.changedintoC.brokedown

D.coiribinedwith

4.WhatcanweinferfromEzcurra,swordsinthelastparagraph?

A.Theclimatechangemayeventuallyaffectecosystem.

B.Thedecreaseofvegetationcausesthesealeveltorise.

C.Theclimatechangehaslittleeffectontheworld'scoastline.

D.Wehumansshouldreducemarineentertainment.

E

（广西柳州高三三模）

Negativethinkingleadstonegativeconsequences.Sohowdowe

dealwiththatnegativejunkinourhead?Thewaysmaybevarious,but

theyallhaveoneideaincommon:1Externalfactorsinfluence

ourliestosomedegree,butitismostlyhowweinterpretexternal

factorsthathavethegreatestimpact.Hereiswhatwecando.

2Doyouwanttocatchacold?Staywithpeoplewithacold.I

amnotsurewhethertheadvicestands,butitispartlytrue.People

arelikelytohangaroundwithindividualswhoaresimilarto

themselves.Poorpeopleliketosurroundthemselveswithotherpoor

people,andrichpeoplewithotherrichpeople.Negativepeopleare

notoptimistic.Somakefriendswithpositivepeople.3

Acceptandmoveon.Expectingeverythingtobeperfectcanbe

disturbinganditrobsyouoftruehappiness,soaccepteverything

isnotsoperfect.Actuallyameaninglessthoughtisfullofjunk.

4Then,goaboutyournormaldayandoccupyyourmindwithan

activityyoulove.

Mindyourattitude.Itstartsthemomentyouwakeupinthe

morning.Askyourself:DoIwanttobehappyormiserable?5If

youintendtoholdcntoanegativeframeofmind,youareinevitably

choosingtobeunhappy.Ifyouwanttoachieveyourowninner

happinessyouarelikelytocultivateitthroughgoodanduplifting

thoughts.

A.Weareourownmasters.

B.Thechoiceyoumakedecides.

C.Youshouldletg。ofitconsciously.

D.Associatewithlike-mindedpeople.

E.First,finishtheassignmentwithoutanydelay.

F.Weprobablyreleaseourstressbytalkingtoothers.

G.Theyoftenmeltawayallthenegativityaroundthem.

参考答案

阅读理解专题特训16

A

【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。艾丽斯•摩尔是一个青少年创业者,

她在建立了自己的公司，之后她致力于帮助其他人开心快乐地生活C

1.B解析推理判断题。根据第二段的第五句

"Soshedesiredtogetroundthewarning,'Whycan'tImakeahealthycand

y...'"可知，摩尔想找到一种两全其美的方法。故选B项。

2.A解析细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句

uWithherdad,spermission,shespent...togetarecipethatwasbothtas

tyandtooth-friendly.可知，她所建立的公司生产的糖对孩子们的牙齿

有好处。故选A项。

3.B解析细节理解题。根据最后一段的第三句

"Moorewantstouseheruniquetalenttohelpothersfindtheirsmiles.”

可知,摩尔想利用自己的技能帮助其他人找到微笑。故选B项。

4.C解析推理判断题。通读全文可知,摩尔的成功源于她积极的想法和行

动。故选C项。

B

【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过一个特别的视角来说明纽

约的中国移民越来越多，导致救援人员都要开始学习中文，以便于在紧急

情况下可以和中国移民顺利交流了解相关情况。

1.C解析细节理解题。根据第二段第一句

^Firstrespondersarethefirstemergencyworkerstoarriveatafire,tra

fficaccidentorotheremergency.可知，到达现场的第一个救援人员是

应答者。故选C项。

2.C解析推理判断题。根据第四段后两句

^SomepeoplehavepredictedthattheChinesecommunityislikelytobecom

eNewYork,slargestimmigrantgroup.Theythinktheeitywillhavethelar

gestChinesecommunityoutsideofAsia.v可知，纽约最大的移民团体可能

是中国人,所以紧急情况之下第一个应答者要会讲中文,这是为了满足迅

速增加的这一移民团体的需要。故选C项。

3.B解析细节理解题。根据文章最后一句

^Andthemostimportantquestion,Isthereanybodyleftinthebuilding

andwhere?’"可知,救援人员最关注的是困在火灾中的人们。故选B项。

4.B解析标题概括题。本文通过一个特别的视角来说明纽约的中国移民

越来越多，导致救援人员都要开始学习中文，以便于在紧急情况下可以和

中国移民顺利交流了解相关情况。故选B项。

C

【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个新的教师培训项目。

参加了该项目的老师在教学过程中能更有效地帮助孩子控制他们的情绪。

1.D解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的

uTheprogramusesvideosandtrainingsessions,alongwithrole-playing

andcoaching,tohelpteacherslearnmanagementskills...”可矢U,该项目

使用视频和培训课程，以及角色扮演和指导,帮助教师学习管理技能。由此

可见,教师们在IYTCM项目中运用不同的方法学习如何管理孩子。故选D

项。

2.B解析推理判断题。根据第四段中的最后一句可知，老师鼓励他们搬到

教室的另一个地方,有效地教他们有时候要走开,而且休息一下是一个让

他们平静下来并控制那种感觉的好方法。由止匕可见,冷静的态度是解决问

题的有效方法。故选B项。

3.A解析推理判断题。根据全文,尤其是第一段内容可知,他们的学生能

够更好地控制自己的情绪，并且能够调节情绪的孩子更有可能在学业上取

得成功。由此可见,作者对培训项目的态度是积极的。故选A项。

4.B解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的

“Theseimprovementsresultedinanincreaseinthetestsforstudentsini

ncredibleYearsclassroomsvs.studentsincontrolclassrooms.”可知，

这些改进导致了IncredibleYears教室中学生们的测试成绩比在控制教

室里学生们的测试成绩有所提高。由此推知,该项目提高了学生的学习成

绩。故选B项。

D

【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了红树这种生长在沿

海的植物在淡水地区被发现。科研人员们通过研究发现,这些红树生长的

淡水地区在历史上曾经