基于高考外刊源文设计单元主题作业 -B2Unit2 Wildlife Protection（教师版）

基于高考外刊源文设计单元主题作业——B2Unit2WildlifeProtection阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。AWemaythinkthatgiftgivingisapurelyhumantrait,butitturnsoutmanyotheranimalsalsogivepresentstotheirmatesandfriends.Giftgivingduringmatinghasbeenobservedinspeciesasdifferentassnails,earthwormsandsquid.Birdsalsoenjoythispractice—malegreatgreyshrikes,forexample,sticksmalldeadanimalsonthornsandtwigstoattractfemales.However,thebehaviorismostcommonamonginsectsandspiders.Nurserywebspiders,forinstance,offerpossiblematespreywrappedinsilk,addingspecialchemicalstomakeitmoreappealing.Someinsectsevenmakethefinalsacrificeforthefemalestheywishtowinover.Themaleredbackspiderdoesabackflipintothefemale’smouthwhilemating,lettingherbitetheendofhisbodyuntilheisfinallyeaten.Alltheseareexamplesofmatinggifts,givenbymalestofemalestopersuadethemtomate.Still,animalshavealsobeenknowntogivegiftsjusttomakethereceiverhappy.Forexample,dolphinshavebeenseenofferingfoodtohumans.Therearealsostoriesofcrowsbringinggiftstopeoplewhooncehelpedthem.Selflessgiftgivingisalsocommoninbonobos,atypeofapethatsharesnearly99%ofitsDNAwithhumans.So,thisleadstoaquestion—whydoanimalsgiveeachothergifts?Sincethebehaviorhasdevelopedindependentlyinmanyspecies,itprobablyhelpsbothmalesandfemalesreproducemoresuccessfully.Butifthatdoesn’tsoundveryromantic,beencouragedbythis:animalslikecrowsandbonobosalsoseemtofindjoyinthesimpleactofgiving.1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Humangift-givingisthemostadvancedintheanimalkingdom.B.Gift-givingisabehaviorsharedbyhumansandmanyotheranimals.C.Insectsandspidersaretheonlyanimalsthatgivegiftstotheirmates.D.Animalsgivegiftsonlyforthepurposeofreproduction.2.Accordingtothepassage,whydomaleanimalsoftengive"matinggifts"tofemales?A.Toshowtheirabilitytofindfood.B.Topersuadethefemalestomatewiththem.C.Tobuildalong-termfriendship.D.Toprotectthemselvesfrombeingeaten.3.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleof"selfless"gift-givingmentionedinthetext?A.Amaleshrikestickingpreyonthorns.B.Anurserywebspiderwrappingpreyinsilk.C.Acrowbringingagifttoapersonwhohelpedit.D.Amaleredbackspidersacrificingitselfduringmating.4.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassageaboutgift-givinginanimals?A.Itisabehaviorthathasevolvedonlyonceintheanimalkingdom.B.Itissolelydrivenbythedesireforpleasure.C.Itmayservedifferentpurposesindifferentsituations.D.Itisasignofhighintelligenceonlyseeninapesanddolphins.答案与解析：1.答案B解析：主旨大意题。文章开篇即点明主旨：送礼并非人类独有，许多动物也有此行为。全文随后分别介绍了动物为求偶而送礼和利他性送礼等多种情况，都支撑了这一核心观点。A项与文章主旨相反；C项中的“only”过于绝对，与原文“mostcommon”不符；D项忽略了文中关于利他性送礼的内容。2.答案B解析：细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Alltheseareexamplesofmatinggifts,givenbymalestofemalestopersuadethemtomate.”可知，雄性动物赠送“婚礼物”的直接目的是为了说服雌性与之交配。A项可能是礼物隐含的效果，但非文中直接阐明的目的；C项和D项均与文中描述不符。3.答案C解析：细节理解题。问题关键词是“selfless”（无私的）。根据第五段和第六段，文章将乌鸦回报帮助过它的人的行为与求偶送礼区分开，归类为“justtomakethereceiverhappy”和“Selflessgiftgiving”。因此，乌鸦的行为是利他性送礼的例子。A、B、D三项均属于文中明确说明的以“求偶”为目的的礼物。4.答案C解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，动物送礼既有为了“求偶繁殖”的目的（如各种昆虫、蜘蛛和伯劳鸟），也有看似“利他”或为了取悦对方的目的（如海豚、乌鸦和倭黑猩猩）。因此可以推断，这种行为在不同情境下可能服务于不同的目的。A项与第七段“thebehaviorhasdevelopedindependentlyinmanyspecies”相悖；B项中的“solely”（solely）过于绝对；D项中的“only”也过于绝对，送礼行为并非高智力动物的专利，昆虫和蜘蛛也有。BAroundtheworld,expandingfarmlandisincreasinglyoverlappingwithelephanthabitats,oftenleadingtodangeroussituationsaselephantseatanddamagepeople'scrops.ButinKenya,afterdecadesofresearch,expertshavedevelopedasimpleyetcleversolutiontokeepelephantsaway:fencesmadewithbeehives.Sowhydoelephantsdislikebeessomuch?Andcanbeesreallyhelpmaintainpeaceinourincreasinglycrowdedworld?Itallbeganintheearly2000s,whenFritzVollrath,anecologistattheUniversityofOxfordandchairmanofthecharitySavetheElephants,andIainDouglas-Hamilton,founderofSavetheElephants,heardalocalstoryfromKenyanfarmers.Theysaidthattreesinsomeareaswerenotharmedbyelephantsbecausethosetreescontainedbeehives.By2007,theirresearchconfirmedthatelephantsnotonlyavoidtreeswithbeehivesofwildAfricanhoneybees,butalsocommunicatewitheachothertowarnotherstostayaway.LucyKing,coexistencedirectorattheorganization,explains,"Weknowthattheycangetstung,andweknowthattheyneverforget."Besidesprotectingcropsfromelephantsandensuringfoodsupply,thebeehivefencesbringotherbenefitstothelocalcommunities.Forexample,theyprovidefarmerswithextraincomethroughhoneyproduction.Mwamba,wholivesinoneofthevillageswherethebeehivefencesweretestedandnowworksasaprojectofficerforSavetheElephants,says,"Ifafarmerhashoneyandhascrops,that'sactuallyenoughtosupportthefamily."Beforethebeehivefenceswereintroduced,"elephantshadinvadedanddamagedmostofthefarmshere,"Mwambarecalls."Now,peoplecanlivewithoutconstantfear."1.Whatisthemainproblemmentionedinthefirstparagraph?A.Elephantsarelosingtheirhabitatstofarmland.B.Farmersarekillingtoomanyelephants.C.Expandingfarmlandiscreatingconflictswithelephants.D.BeepopulationsaredeclininginKenya.2.Howdidresearchersgettheideaofusingbeehivefences?A.Fromwatchingelephantbehaviorinzoos.B.Fromastorytoldbylocalfarmers.C.Fromstudyingbeebehaviorinlaboratories.D.Fromreadingancientscientificreports.3.AccordingtoLucyKing,whatdoweknowaboutelephants?A.Theyarenotafraidofbeestings.B.Theyquicklyforgetpainfulexperiences.C.Theywarneachotheraboutbees.D.Theycannotbestungbybees.4.Besidesprotectingcrops,whatotherbenefitdobeehivefencesprovide?A.Theyattracttouriststothearea.B.Theyprovideadditionalincomefromhoney.C.Theyhelpbeesproducemorehoney.D.Theymakeelephantsproducemorehoney.答案与解析：1.答案C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段首句"Aroundtheworld,expandingfarmlandisincreasinglyoverlappingwithelephanthabitats,oftenleadingtodangeroussituationsaselephantseatanddamagepeople'scrops."可知，主要问题是不断扩张的农田与大象栖息地重叠，导致大象破坏庄稼，引发人象冲突。2.答案B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段"heardalocalstoryfromKenyanfarmers.Theysaidthattreesinsomeareaswerenotharmedbyelephantsbecausethosetreescontainedbeehives."可知，研究人员是从当地农民讲述的故事中获得灵感的。3.答案C解析：细节理解题。根据第四段"elephantsnotonlyavoidtreeswithbeehivesofwildAfricanhoneybees,butalsocommunicatewitheachothertowarnotherstostayaway."可知，大象会互相沟通警告彼此远离蜂巢。4.答案B解析：细节理解题。根据第五、六段"bringotherbenefitstothelocalcommunities"和"providefarmerswithextraincomethroughhoneyproduction"可知，蜂巢围栏除了保护庄稼外，还能通过生产蜂蜜为农民提供额外收入。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Afloodoccurswhenwatercoverslandthat'snormallydry.Mostfloodstakehoursorevendays1.______(develop),givingresidentstimetoprepareorleave.However,flashfloodscanbeextremelydangerous,2.______(sudden)turningasmallstreamintofast-movingwater.Flashfloodscanlastfromafewminutes3.______sixhours.Heavyrainfall,slopedland,androckysoilscanmakeflashfloodsmore4.______(like).Citiesaremorelikely5.______(experience)flashfloodingbecausetheyhavefewerpondstocollectextrarainwater.Roadsandsidewalksareoftenhardandnon-absorbent,6.______meanstheycan'ttakeinwater.Damfailurescanalsolead7.______flashfloods.Totrytoreducetherisk,manygovernmentsrequire8.______residentsofflood-proneareasbuyfloodinsurance.Duringextremefloodevents,yourgovernmentmayissuewarnings.Checkyourlocalweatherreportsandfollowyour9.______(government)updates,especiallyasstormsbecome10.______(severe)andhardertopredict.答案与解析：1.todevelop解析：考查非谓语动词。固定结构"take+time+todosth."表示“花费时间做某事”。这里指洪水形成需要花费数小时甚至数天。2.suddenly解析：考查词性转换。空格处需要副词来修饰后面的动词短语"turning..."，表示“突然将……变成”。形容词"sudden"的副词形式是"suddenly"。3.to解析：考查固定搭配。"from...to..."表示“从……到……”，用于连接时间的起点和终点。4.likely解析：考查形容词比较级。空格前有"more"，提示此处应用形容词原形"likely"来构成比较级"morelikely"（更可能）。5.toexperience解析：考查固定句式。"belikelytodosth."是一个常用句式，表示“很可能做某事”。6.which解析：考查定语从句。空格前有逗号，这是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个主句“道路和人行道又硬又不吸水”，关系代词"which"指代整个主句内容，在从句中作主语。7.to解析：考查固定短语。"leadto"是固定搭配，意为“导致，引起”。8.that解析：考查宾语从句。动词"require"后接了一个宾语从句"residentsofflood-proneareasbuyfloodinsurance"，且从句成分完整，故应用引导词"that"。在表示“要求、建议、命令”等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词常用"should+动词原形"或直接用动词原形，此处"buy"即为动词原形。9.government's解析：考查名词所有格。空格后是名词"updates"，这里表示“政府的更新”，需要用名词所有格形式来表示所属关系。10.moresevere解析：考查形容词比较级。空格后由"and"连接两个并列的比较级结构"moresevereandhardertopredict"。根据语境“风暴变得更加猛烈和难以预测”，此处应用"severe"的比较级"moresevere"。好的，已根据您的要求，将故事改编为高考英语读后续写题型，并附上参考范文。读后续写（满分25分）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Thestraydogappearedonthecoldestnightoftheyear.LiYan,ahighschoolseniorbusywithcollegeapplications,almosttrippedoverhimwhiletakingoutthetrash.Theanimalwascurledagainstthedumpster,hisdirtyfurcoveredwithsnow.Oneofhisbacklegsshook—anoldinjury,sheguessed—andhisribsshowedclearlyunderhisskin.Somethingabouthisquietcry,moresadthanfearful,madeherstop.Overthenextweek,LiYanbroughtleftoverstothealley:steamedbunsfromdinner,sausagesfrombreakfast.ShenamedhimPingAn("safety"),sayingitsoftlyasheate,asifthewordcouldprotecthimfromtheworld.Herparents,busywiththeirdivorcepapers,hardlynoticedherbeinggone.Thencamethestorm.Freezingraincoveredthestreets,andLiYanwoketothesoundofdesperatescratchingatherdoor.PingAnstoodthere,hispawbleedingontothewelcomemat.Apieceofglassshonebetweenhistoes.Worried,shewrappedhiminherquiltandrandownstairs—onlytostopoutsidethelockedneighborhoodclinic."You'reluckyIwasworkinglate,"avoicecalled.Dr.Chen,theoldervetwho'dcaredforLiYan'schildhoodrabbit,stoodunderanumbrella,keysinhand.Hisclinicsmelledofmedicineandoldbooks.Ashecarefullyremovedtheglass,LiYansharedherworry:"Mymom'sallergic...Ican'tkeephim."Dr.ChenbandagedPingAn'spawquietly,thenslidasmallbookacrossthetable:FosterProgramsforStrays."Yoursecretissafehere,"hesaid,eyessoftlysmiling."Butthisfriendneedsmorethanbandages.Heneedsaplan."Thatnight,LiYanmadeabedforPingAninacardboardboxnearherheater.Ashisbreathingbecamesteady,shelookedatDr.Chen'snotes—"Toothin.Needstolearntotrust."—andunderstoodthewordsdescribedher,too.续写要求：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。Paragraph1:LiYanknewshehadtotalktoherparents,nomatterhowdifficultitmightbe.Paragraph2:WatchingPingAnhappilychasingaballinthelivingroom,LiYanfeltawarmthspreadthro