《邮轮基础英语》-《邮轮基础英语》-Chapter 3 Unit 2

Section1PassageStudyConversationStudySection2Chapter3CultureDiversityUnit3FestivalsSection1PassageStudy■I.NewWordsandExpressions■II.UnderstandingtothePassage■III.ExercisesNon-verbalCommunicationinDifferentCulturesoffend[ə'fend]v.得罪，冒犯e.g.Icannotaffordtooffendhim.我惹不起他。e.g.Inthegreateffortnottooffend,weendupsayingnothing.为了尽量不冒犯人，我们最终什么也没说。2.innate[ɪˈneɪt]adj.天生的，与生俱来的e.g.Knowledgeisacquired,notinnate.知识是后天获得的，不是先天就有的。eg.Correctideasarenotinnateinthemind,butcomefromsocialpractice.正确的思想不是头脑中先天固有的，而是来源于社会实践。I.NewWordsandExpressions3.universal[‚juːnɪ'vɜːsəl]

adj.普遍的，全体的，全世界的，共同的gone.g.Smileisauniversallanguage.微笑是全世界通用的语言。e.g.Shakingyourheadfor'No'isnotuniversal.以摇头表示“不”，并非放诸四海而皆准。4.attentive[əˈtentɪv]adj.注意的，专心的，留心的

e.g.Thehotelstaffarefriendlyandattentive.旅馆人员友好而且照顾周到。I.NewWordsandExpressions5.confidence[ˈkɒnfɪdəns]n.自信心，把握e.g.Praiseisagreatconfidencebooster.表扬是一个很好的自信提升剂。e.g.Confidenceisthekeytosuccess.信心是成功的关键。6.gaze [geɪz]n.（常指无意识的）凝视、盯着看

e.g.Shefeltincreasinglyuncomfortableunderthewoman'ssteadygaze.她在那女人目不转睛的凝视下感到愈发不舒服。

e.g.Imethissteadygaze.我迎向他凝视的目光。I.NewWordsandExpressions7.staring['steərɪŋ]

n.盯着看e.g.Alicestoodstaringintothedistance.艾丽斯站着凝视远方e.g.Hewasstaringatherwithcoldeyes.他用冷漠的眼光盯着她。8.interpret[ɪn'tɜːprɪt]v.把...理解（解释）为

e.g.Shecouldn'tspeakmuchEnglishsoherchildrenhadtointerpretforher.她讲不了几句英语，所以她的孩子们得给她翻译。e.g.Wouldyoulikemetointerpretforyou?要不要我来帮你翻译？I.NewWordsandExpressions9.vulgarism[ˈvʌlɡərɪzəm]n.粗鄙词语，俗语e.g.InsomeinhabitedareasinNingxiaHuiAutonomousRegion,therehavebeenalotofballads,proverbsandvulgarismwiththecontentofmarriage.在宁夏一些回族聚居区，流传着许多包含婚姻内容的歌谣、谚语、俗语。10.insulting[ɪn'sʌltɪŋ]adj.侮辱的，有冒犯性的，无礼的e.g.Shewasreallyinsultingtome.她对我实在粗鲁无礼。e.g.Whatyoujustsaidisveryinsultingandignorant.你刚才说的话很无礼也很无知。I.NewWordsandExpressions11.mockery[ˈmɒkəri]

n.嘲笑，愚弄

e.g.Wasthereaglintofmockeryinhiseyes?他的眼里是不是有一丝嘲讽？e.g.Shecouldn'tstandanymoreoftheirmockery.她再也无法忍受他们的愚弄了。12.conservative[ˌkɒnsəˈveɪtiv]adj.保守的，守旧的

e.g.Herstyleofdresswasneverconservative.她的服装式样一点儿也不保守。e.g.Ithinkthisissimplybecausepeoplearenaturallyconservativeanddonotlikechange.我认为这仅仅是因为人们天生保守，不喜欢改变。I.NewWordsandExpressions13.slouch[slaʊtʃ]v.没精打采地站（或坐、走）；低头垂肩地站（或坐、走）e.g.Trynottoslouchwhenyouaresittingdown.你坐下时尽量不要无精打采。14.counterpart ['kaʊntəpɑːt]n.职位（或作用）相当的人；对应的事物

e.g.Wheatiscorn'scounterpartasthestarchsourceofchoiceintheEU.在欧盟，小麦是玉米的替代品，是淀粉来源的选择。

I.NewWordsandExpressions15.shallow['ʃæləʊ]

adj.肤浅的，浅薄的

e.g.Hisworkhasbeencriticizedforbeingimitativeandshallow.他的作品被批评为抄袭而且肤浅。He'sashallow,disagreeableman.他是个浅薄、不友好的人。16.constitute['kɒnstɪtjuːt]v.组织，构成

e.g.Fourquartsconstituteagallon.四夸脱构成一加仑。e.g.Femaleworkersconstitutethemajorityofthelabourforce.女性雇员占劳动力的多数I.NewWordsandExpressions17.rhythm[rɪðəm]n.节奏，韵律，律动e.g.Inourmodernlife,wehavelosttherhythmbetweenactionandrest.在我们的现代生活中，我们已经失去了行动和休息之间的节奏。e.g.Sherippledalivelyrhythmontheviolin.她在小提琴上奏出明快的节奏18.pitch[pɪtʃ]n.音高e.g.Abasicsenseofrhythmandpitchisessentialinamusicteacher.基本的韵律感和音高感是音乐教师的必备素质。

I.NewWordsandExpressions19.qualifier['kwɒlɪfaɪə]

n.限定语，修饰语

e.g.Onthecommandline,theregularexpressionACTSasanadjective—adescriptionorqualifier.在命令行中，正则表达式的作用相当于形容词——一种描述或限定词。

20.paralanguage['pærəlæŋgwɪdʒ]n.副语言;如语调，可以影响说话方式的意思

e.g.Intheprocessofcommunication,paralanguagetogetherwithlanguagefinishestheinformationtransfer,theycomplementwitheachother.在交际过程中，副语言和语言相互补充，共同完成信息的传递。I.NewWordsandExpressions21.proxemic[prɔk'si:mik]n.体距，空间关系

22.onthebreachof[briːtʃ]违反

23.intruded[in'tru:did]adj.推进的，侵入的

e.g.AnAmericanofficeronthescenesaidnoonehadintrudedintothespacehewasdefending.现场的一名美国军官说还没有人闯入过他所防卫的区域。I.NewWordsandExpressionsII.UnderstandingtothePassageFillintheblanksaccordingtothepassage.ActionMeaningEyeContactWesterncountries:Asian,MiddleEastern,Hispanic,NativeAmerican:Thumbup________________________:OkayForLatinAmerican:_______________________________________________________:Money___________________InsomeAsianCultures:verybadComingtoSitNearorFarConfidence,_____________ortryingto_______________agoodgesture,showsattentiveness,confidenceandhonesty.arudeandoffensiveexpressionInmanyculturesarudeandoffensiveexpressionInJapanPattingChildren’sHeadpowercontroltheenvironment.II.UnderstandingtothePassageTranslatethefollowingintoChinese.1.Non-verbalcommunicationisdifferentfrompersontopersonandespeciallyfromoneculturetoanother.2.Westernculturesmostlyconsidereyecontacttobeagoodgesture.Itshowsattentiveness,confidenceandhonesty.3.Peoplereceiveinformationormessagefrombodymovements.4.Asianpeoplecontrolthemselvesfromshoutingastheyaretaughtnottofromchildhood.5.Peoplefromdifferentcultureshavedifferenttoleranceforphysicaldistancebetweenpeople.II.UnderstandingtothePassageTranslatethefollowingintoChinese.1.人与人之间的非言语交际是不同的，尤其是不同的文化之间的非言语交际。2.西方文化大多认为眼神交流是一种很好的姿态。它展示出专注、自信和诚实3.人们从身体动作中获得信息。4.亚洲人从小就被教导不要大喊大叫，所以他们控制住了自己。5.不同文化背景的人对人与人之间的身体距离有着不同的容忍度。III.ExercisesAnswertheFollowingQuestionsQ1.Howimportantitistolearnaboutotherpeople'scultures?Q2.Howdootherpeoplethinkaboutyourcountry'sculture?Q3.Whatbenefitscantherebeforpeopleworkinginaforeigncountry?Q4.Doyoubelieveinstereotypesaboutdifferentnationalities?Q5.Whatnegativeeffectsmightcomefromacountrylosingitstraditionalcultures?Q6.Whenyouareshockedbytheculturedifferences,whatwillyoudo?Section2ConversationStudy■I.Conversation1■II.Conversation2■III.KnowledgeExtension■IV.SpeakingI.Conversation1David:Hello,Lilian.Longtimenosee.Lilian:Hello,David.Gladtoseeyou.Whatareyoudoingthesedays?David:Iamwritingapaperaboutbodylanguage.Youknow,itisvery

importantinourdailylife.Lilian:Yes,sometimesitismoreimportantandmorewidelyusedthanlanguage.Forexample,whenyouareinarestaurantyouwantthewaitertobringthebill,whatdoyoudotoattracthisattention?David:Ijustmakeeyecontactwithhimandnodmyhead.ThenItellhimwhenhecomesovertothetable.Whydoyouask?Lilian:IwentoutwithmyboyfriendtoanicerestaurantlastnightandInoticedthatmanypeopleshoutedforthebill.David:Thatseemsalittleimpoliteinsucharestaurant.Lilian:That’swhatIthought.IjustthoughtI’daskyouandseewhatyouthoughtofit.Bodylanguagecanstandforourpolitenessandweshouldpaymoreattentiontoit.Soyoucanoutthispartinyourpaper.II.Conversation2Ivy：Matthew,doyouknowmuchaboutbodylanguageincountriesaroundtheworld?Matthew:Sure.I’vepickedupafewthingsfromtravellingaroundforwork.why?Ivy：Well,IhadameetingtodaywithawomanfromJapanandshewouldn’tstopbowing!Ididn’tknowwhattodo!Matthew:Didyoubowback?Ivy：No,Itriedtoshakeherhand,butherhandwassolimpIwasabitoffended.Matthew:Well,JapanesebusinessmenandwomentypicallybowtogreeteachotherinJapan.Shemighthavebeenoffendedbyyourstronghandshake.Ivy：ButshewasinAmerica!Shouldn’tshehaveknownthatstronghandshakesinAmericasignifyconfidenceandrespect?Matthew:ThingsaredifferentinJapan.Youknow,insomecountries,makingeyecontactwithothersisconsideredrude.Ivy：Isthatwhyshewouldn’tlookatmeinthemeeting?Matthew:Ithinkit’shighlypossible,yes.Ivy：Themeetingreallydidn’tgowellatall.IthinkIneedtoreadupaboutinterculturalcommunicationbeforeIhaveanothermeetingwithsomeonefromanothercountry.Matthew:That’sagoodidea.Whenyoudon’tknowmuchaboutothercultures,thesimplestthingcanoffendsomeone.Ivy：That’ssotrue.It’sgreatthatweseeeyetoeyeonthis.II.KnowledgeExtensionA.Herearesomegreetinggesturesaroundtheworld.Trytomatchthemwiththeircountries.KissonthecheekHandshakeBow

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