2025年专升本阅读题库及答案

2025年专升本阅读题库及答案阅读理解（一）文章ThehistoryoftheEnglishlanguagereallystartedwiththearrivalofthreeGermanictribeswhoinvadedBritainduringthe5thcenturyAD.Thesetribes,theAngles,theSaxons,andtheJutes,crossedtheNorthSeafromwhattodayisDenmarkandnorthernGermany.AtthattimetheinhabitantsofBritainspokeaCelticlanguage.ButmostoftheCelticspeakerswerepushedwestandnorthbytheinvaders-mainlyintowhatisnowWales,ScotlandandIreland.TheAnglescamefrom“Englaland”andtheirlanguagewascalled“Englisc”-fromwhichthewords“England”and“English”arederived.Inthe9thcentury,theVikingsbegantoinvadeBritain.TheywereScandinavianpeoplefromDenmark,Norway,andSweden.Theybroughttheirownlanguage,OldNorse,whichhadasignificantinfluenceontheEnglishlanguage.ManyOldNorsewordsenteredtheEnglishvocabulary,especiallywordsrelatedtoeverydaylife,suchas“sky”,“egg”,“cake”,and“window”.In1066,theNormansconqueredEngland.TheNormanswereFrench-speakingpeoplefromNormandyinnorthernFrance.Aftertheconquest,Frenchbecamethelanguageoftherulingclass,whileEnglishwasmainlyspokenbythecommonpeople.Forabout300years,FrenchandEnglishexistedside-by-sideinEngland.Duringthisperiod,manyFrenchwordswereadoptedintotheEnglishlanguage,especiallywordsrelatedtogovernment,law,andthearts.Forexample,“government”,“parliament”,“justice”,and“art”allcomefromFrench.ThedevelopmentoftheEnglishlanguagecontinuedoverthecenturies.TheRenaissanceinthe16thcenturyledtoanincreaseintheuseofLatinandGreekwordsinEnglish.ScholarsandwritersatthattimewereinfluencedbytheclassicalculturesofancientRomeandGreece.Theyintroducedmanynewwordstoexpressnewideasandconcepts.Inthe18thcentury,theBritishEmpireexpandedaroundtheworld.Englishspreadtomanypartsoftheglobe,anditstartedtodevelopdifferentvarietiesindifferentregions.Forexample,AmericanEnglish,AustralianEnglish,andIndianEnglishallhavetheirownuniquefeatures.Today,Englishisoneofthemostwidelyspokenlanguagesintheworld.Itistheofficiallanguageinmanycountriesandisusedininternationalbusiness,science,technology,andcommunication.题目1.TheEnglishlanguageoriginallycamefrom______.A.theCelticlanguageB.OldNorseC.thelanguagesofthreeGermanictribesD.French2.TheVikingswhoinvadedBritaininthe9thcenturywerefrom______.A.Denmark,NorwayandSwedenB.NormandyinnorthernFranceC.whatisnowWales,ScotlandandIrelandD.“Englaland”3.AftertheNormansconqueredEnglandin1066,______.A.EnglishbecamethelanguageoftherulingclassB.FrenchandEnglishexistedseparatelyinEnglandC.manyFrenchwordsrelatedtoeverydaylifeenteredEnglishD.FrenchwasusedbytherulingclasswhileEnglishwasusedbythecommonpeople4.DuringtheRenaissance,manynewwordswereintroducedintoEnglishbecause______.A.scholarsandwriterswantedtoexpressnewideasandconceptsB.theBritishEmpireexpandedaroundtheworldC.EnglishstartedtodevelopdifferentvarietiesindifferentregionsD.theVikingsbroughttheirownlanguagetoBritain5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.TheCelticlanguagehasagreatinfluenceontheEnglishlanguage.B.OldNorsewordsmainlyenteredtheEnglishvocabularyrelatedtogovernmentandlaw.C.Englishhasdevelopeddifferentvarietiesbecauseofitsspreadaroundtheworld.D.Englishistheonlyofficiallanguageinmostcountriesaroundtheworld.答案1.C.文章开头提到“ThehistoryoftheEnglishlanguagereallystartedwiththearrivalofthreeGermanictribeswhoinvadedBritainduringthe5thcenturyAD.”，说明英语最初来自三个日耳曼部落的语言，所以选C。2.A.文中明确指出“TheywereScandinavianpeoplefromDenmark,Norway,andSweden.”，可知9世纪入侵英国的维京人来自丹麦、挪威和瑞典，选A。3.D.根据“Aftertheconquest,Frenchbecamethelanguageoftherulingclass,whileEnglishwasmainlyspokenbythecommonpeople.”可知，诺曼人征服英国后，法语是统治阶级的语言，英语是普通人使用的语言，选D。4.A.文中提到“ScholarsandwritersatthattimewereinfluencedbytheclassicalculturesofancientRomeandGreece.Theyintroducedmanynewwordstoexpressnewideasandconcepts.”，说明文艺复兴时期引入新单词是为了表达新的想法和概念，选A。5.C.由“Englishspreadtomanypartsoftheglobe,anditstartedtodevelopdifferentvarietiesindifferentregions.”可知，英语因为在世界各地传播而发展出不同的变体，C选项正确。A选项，文中说凯尔特语使用者被入侵者赶到西部和北部，未提及对英语有很大影响；B选项，文中说古诺尔斯语主要是和日常生活相关的词汇进入英语，而不是和政府、法律相关；D选项，文中说英语是许多国家的官方语言，不是大多数国家唯一的官方语言。阅读理解（二）文章Weallknowthatexerciseisgoodforourhealth,butcanyougettoomuchofagoodthing?Over-exercisingcanleadtoavarietyofproblems,bothphysicalandmental.Physically,over-exercisingcancauseinjuries.Whenyouexercisetoomuch,yourmuscles,tendons,andligamentsareunderconstantstress.Thiscanleadtoconditionssuchasstressfractures,tendonitis,andligamentsprains.Forexample,long-distancerunnersareatahighriskofdevelopingstressfracturesintheirlegsbecauseoftherepetitiveimpactontheirbones.Over-exercisingcanalsohaveanegativeimpactonyourimmunesystem.Intenseandprolongedexercisecansuppresstheimmunesystem,makingyoumoresusceptibletoillnessessuchascoldsandflu.Researchhasshownthatathleteswhoengageinexcessivetrainingaremorelikelytogetsickcomparedtothosewhoexercisemoderately.Mentally,over-exercisingcanleadtoburnoutanddepression.Whenyoupushyourselftoohardinyourexerciseroutine,youmaystarttofeelexhausted,bothphysicallyandmentally.Thiscanleadtoalossofmotivationandinterestinexercise,aswellasfeelingsofanxietyandsadness.Somepeoplemayevendevelopaneatingdisorderasaresultofover-exercising.Theymaybecomeobsessedwithlosingweightanduseexerciseasawaytocontroltheirbodyweight,whichcanleadtounhealthyeatingpatterns.So,howmuchexerciseistoomuch?Itdependsonseveralfactors,includingyourage,fitnesslevel,andthetypeofexerciseyoudo.Generallyspeaking,itisrecommendedthatadultsgetatleast150minutesofmoderate-intensityaerobicexerciseperweek,suchasbriskwalking,cycling,orswimming.Youcanalsoincludestrength-trainingexercisesatleasttwiceaweek.However,ifyouarenewtoexercise,youshouldstartslowlyandgraduallyincreasetheintensityanddurationofyourworkouts.Itisimportanttolistentoyourbody.Ifyoufeelpain,fatigue,orothersignsofover-training,youshouldtakeabreakandgiveyourbodytimetorecover.Remember,thegoalofexerciseistoimproveyourhealth,nottopushyourbodytothelimit.题目1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaphysicalproblemcausedbyover-exercising?A.Stressfractures.B.Tendonitis.C.Depression.D.Ligamentsprains.2.Whyarelong-distancerunnersatahighriskofdevelopingstressfractures?A.Becausetheyexercisetoooften.B.Becauseoftherepetitiveimpactontheirbones.C.Becausetheydon'twarmupbeforerunning.D.Becausetheydon'thaveenoughrest.3.Over-exercisingcansuppresstheimmunesystem,whichmeans______.A.youaremorelikelytogetsickB.youwillhavemoreenergyC.yourmuscleswillbestrongerD.youwillloseweightfaster4.Mentally,over-exercisingcanleadtoallofthefollowingEXCEPT______.A.burnoutB.depressionC.increasedmotivationD.eatingdisorders5.Accordingtothepassage,howmuchmoderate-intensityaerobicexerciseshouldadultsgetperweek?A.Atleast30minutes.B.Atleast60minutes.C.Atleast150minutes.D.Atleast300minutes.答案1.C.文章中提到身体上过度锻炼会导致“stressfractures,tendonitis,andligamentsprains”，而“Depression”是精神方面的问题，所以选C。2.B.文中明确指出“long-distancerunnersareatahighriskofdevelopingstressfracturesintheirlegsbecauseoftherepetitiveimpactontheirbones.”，选B。3.A.由“Intenseandprolongedexercisecansuppresstheimmunesystem,makingyoumoresusceptibletoillnessessuchascoldsandflu.”可知，过度锻炼抑制免疫系统意味着更容易生病，选A。4.C.文中提到精神上过度锻炼会导致“burnoutanddepression”，还可能导致“eatingdisorder”，而过度锻炼会导致失去动力，不是增加动力，选C。5.C.文中说“itisrecommendedthatadultsgetatleast150minutesofmoderate-intensityaerobicexerciseperweek”，选C。阅读理解（三）文章TheInternethaschangedthewayweliveandworkinmanyways.Oneofthemostsignificantchangesisintheareaofshopping.Onlineshoppinghasbecomeincreasinglypopularinrecentyears,anditoffersmanyadvantagesovertraditionalshopping.Oneofthemainadvantagesofonlineshoppingisconvenience.Youcanshopfromthecomfortofyourownhome,atanytimeofthedayornight.Youdon'thavetodealwithtraffic,parking,orcrowdsatthemall.AllyouneedisacomputeroramobiledevicewithanInternetconnection.Forexample,ifyouaretoobusyduringthedaytogotothestore,youcansimplylogontoanonlinestoreintheeveningandmakeyourpurchases.Anotheradvantageisawiderselectionofproducts.Onlinestorescanofferamuchlargerrangeofproductscomparedtophysicalstores.Theyarenotlimitedbythesizeoftheirphysicalspace.Forinstance,alargeonlineretailermayhavethousandsofdifferenttypesofshoes,whilealocalshoestoremayonlyhaveafewdozenstyles.Onlineshoppingalsooftenoffersbetterprices.Onlineretailerscansometimesofferlowerpricesbecausetheyhaveloweroverheadcosts.Theydon'thavetopayforrent,utilities,andasmanyemployeesasphysicalstores.Additionally,youcaneasilycomparepricesfromdifferentonlinestorestofindthebestdeal.However,onlineshoppingalsohassomedisadvantages.Oneofthemaindisadvantagesisthelackofimmediategratification.Whenyoubuysomethingonline,youhavetowaitforittobedeliveredtoyourhome.Thiscantakeseveraldays,especiallyiftheitemiscomingfromafar-awaylocation.Anotherdisadvantageistheriskoffraud.Therearesomeunscrupulousonlinesellerswhomaytrytocheatyououtofyourmoney.Youneedtobecarefulwhenmakingonlinepurchasesandmakesureyouareusingasecurepaymentmethod.Inconclusion,onlineshoppinghasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.Itoffersconvenience,awiderselectionofproducts,andbetterprices,butitalsohasissuessuchasthelackofimmediategratificationandtheriskoffraud.Whetheryouchoosetoshoponlineorinaphysicalstoredependsonyourpersonalpreferencesandcircumstances.题目1.Themainideaofthepassageisthat______.A.onlineshoppingismorepopularthantraditionalshoppingB.onlineshoppinghasbothadvantagesanddisadvantagesC.theInternethaschangedthewayweshopD.traditionalshoppingisbecominglessimportant2.Oneoftheadvantagesofonlineshoppingis______.A.youcangetyourpurchasesimmediatelyB.youcanavoidtrafficandcrowdsC.youcanonlyshopduringthedayD.youhavetogotoaphysicalstoretopickupyourpurchases3.Onlinestorescanofferawiderselectionofproductsbecause______.A.theyhavemoreemployeesB.theydon'thavetopayrentC.theyarenotlimitedbyphysicalspaceD.theyhavebettersuppliers4.Onlineshoppingoftenoffersbetterpricesbecause______.A.onlineretailershavehigheroverheadcostsB.onlineretailerswanttoattractmorecustomersC.onlineretailersdon'thavetopayforrentandutilitiesD.onlineretailersselllower-qualityproducts5.Theriskoffraudinonlineshoppingmeansthat______.A.youmaynotreceivetheproductyouorderedB.youmayhavetopaymorefortheproductC.someonlinesellersmaytrytocheatyououtofyourmoneyD.theproductyoureceivemaybedamaged答案1.B.文章既阐述了网上购物的优点，如方便、商品选择多、价格好等，又提到了缺点，如不能立即拿到商品、有欺诈风险等，所以主要观点是网上购物既有优点也有缺点，选B。2.B.文中提到“Youdon'thavetodealwithtraffic,parking,orcrowdsatthemall.”，说明网上购物可以避免交通和人群，选B。A选项，网上购物需要等待商品送达，不能立即拿到；C选项，网上购物随时都能进行；D选项，网上购物商品会送货到家，不用去实体店取。3.C.文中说“Onlinestorescanofferamuchlargerrangeofproductscomparedtophysicalstores.Theyarenotlimitedbythesizeoftheirphysicalspace.”，选C。4.C.由“Onlineretailerscansometimesofferlowerpricesbecausetheyhaveloweroverheadcosts.Theydon'thavetopayforrent,utilities,andasmanyemployeesasphysicalstores.”可知，网上零售商因为不用支付租金和水电费等，所以价格更优惠，选C。5.C.文中明确指出“Therearesomeunscrupulousonlinesellerswhomaytrytocheatyououtofyourmoney.”，说明网上购物的欺诈风险是指一些卖家可能会骗钱，选C。阅读理解（四）文章Educationisthekeytoabetterfuture.Intoday'ssociety,agoodeducationismoreimportantthanever.Itcanopenupmanyopportunitiesforindividuals,bothintheirpersonalandprofessionallives.Oneofthemainbenefitsofeducationisthatithelpsindividualsdevelopcriticalthinkingskills.Througheducation,peoplelearnhowtoanalyzeinformation,evaluatearguments,andmakeinformeddecisions.Forexample,inahistoryclass,studentslearntoexaminedifferenthistoricaleventsandperspectives,whichhelpsthemdevelopamorecomprehensiveunderstandingoftheworld.Educationalsoplaysacrucialroleinpersonaldevelopment.Itcanbroadenaperson'shorizonsandexposethemtodifferentcultures,ideas,andwaysofthinking.Whenyoustudyatauniversityorcollege,youhavetheopportunitytomeetpeoplefromdifferentbackgroundsandlearnfromtheirexperiences.Thiscanhelpyoubecomeamorewell-roundedandempatheticperson.Intheprofessionalfield,educationisoftenarequirementformanyjobs.Mostemployersprefertohirecandidateswhohaveahigherlevelofeducation.Forexample,apersonwithabachelor'sdegreeinengineeringismorelikelytogetajobinanengineeringfirmthansomeonewithonlyahigh-schooldiploma.Educationcanalsoleadtohighersalaries.Onaverage,individualswithacollegedegreeearnmoremoneyovertheirlifetimethanthosewithonlyahigh-schooleducation.However,accesstoeducationisnotequalaroundtheworld.Insomedevelopingcountries,manychildrendonothavetheopportunitytogotoschoolbecauseofpoverty,lackofinfrastructure,andculturalbarriers.Evenindevelopedcountries,therearestilldisparitiesineducation.Forexample,childrenfromlow-incomefamiliesmaynothavethesameaccesstoqualityeducationasthosefromhigh-incomefamilies.Toaddresstheseissues,governmentsandorganizationsaroundtheworldaretakingstepstoimproveaccesstoeducation.Theyarebuildingmoreschools,providingscholarshipsandfinancialaid,andpromotingeducationalequality.Forexample,somenon-profitorganizationsareworkingindevelopingcountriestobuildschoolsandprovideteachers.Inconclusion,educationisessentialforpersonalandprofessionaldevelopment.Ithelpsindividualsdevelopcriticalthinkingskills,broadenstheirhorizons,andincreasestheirchancesofgettingagoodjobandahighersalary.However,therearestillchallengesinensuringequalaccesstoeducation,andeffortsneedtobemadetoovercomethesechallenges.题目1.Educationisimportantbecauseit______.A.onlyhelpsinpersonaldevelopmentB.onlyhelpsinprofessionaldevelopmentC.helpsinbothpersonalandprofessionaldevelopmentD.hasnorelationtocriticalthinkingskills2.Througheducation,individualscandevelopcriticalthinkingskillsby______.A.memorizingalotofinformationB.analyzinginformationandevaluatingargumentsC.onlylisteningtotheteacherinclassD.avoidingdifferentperspectives3.Intheprofessionalfield,educationisimportantbecause______.A.mostemployersprefercandidateswithahigh-schooldiplomaB.ithasnoimpactonsalariesC.ahigherlevelofeducationcanleadtomorejobopportunitiesandhighersalariesD.itisnotarequirementformostjobs4.Indevelopingcountries,manychildrendonothaveaccesstoeducationbecauseof______.A.toomanyschoolsB.poverty,lackofinfrastructure,andculturalbarriersC.toomanyteachersD.thehighqualityofeducation5.Toimproveaccesstoeducation,governmentsandorganizationsare______.A.closingschoolsindevelopingcountriesB.reducingscholarshipsandfinancialaidC.buildingmoreschoolsandprovidingscholarshipsD.promotingeducationalinequality答案1.C.文章提到教育对个人和职业发展都很重要，它能帮助个人发展批判性思维，拓宽视野，有助于个人发展；在职业领域，是很多工作的要求，能带来更多工作机会和更高薪水，选C。2.B.文中说“Througheducation,peoplelearnhowtoanalyzeinformation,evaluatearguments,andmakeinformeddecisions.”，说明通过分析信息和评估论点可以培养批判性思维，选B。3.C.由“Mostemployersprefertohirecandidateswhohaveahigherlevelofeducation.”和“Educationcanalsoleadtohighersalaries.”可知，更高的教育水平能带来更多工作机会和更高薪水，选C。4.B.文中明确指出“Insomedevelopingcountries,manychildrendonothavetheopportunitytogotoschoolbecauseofpoverty,lackofinfrastructure,andculturalbarriers.”，选B。5.C.文中提到“Theyarebuildingmoreschools,providingscholarshipsandfinancialaid,andpromotingeducationalequality.”，说明政府和组织在建造更多学校和提供奖学金，选C。阅读理解（五）文章Theworldisfacingaseriousproblemofplasticpollution.Plasticisawidelyusedmaterialbecauseofitsdurability,flexibility,andlowcost.However,thesesamequalitiesthatmakeplasticsousefulalsomakeitamajorenvironmentalproblem.Plastictakesaverylongtimetobreakdown.Mostplasticscantakehundredsofyearstodecomposeintheenvironment.Thismeansthatonceplasticisproducedanddiscarded,itstaysintheenvironmentforalongtime.Oneofthemostvisibleformsofplasticpollutionisinouroceans.Millionsoftonsofplasticwasteentertheoceanseveryyear.Thisplasticwastecanhaveadevastatingimpactonmarinelife.Marineanimalssuchasseaturtles,whales,andseabirdsoftenmistakeplasticforfood.Whentheyingestplastic,itcancauseinternalinjuries,blockagesintheirdigestivesystems,andevendeath.Plasticpollutionalsoaffectshumanhealth.Microplastics,whicharetinypiecesofplasticlessthan5millimetersinsize,havebeenfoundinthefoodweeat,thewaterwedrink,andtheairwebreathe.Thesemicroplasticscanabsorbharmfulchemicalsfromtheenvironment.Whenweconsumethesemicroplastics,wemaybeexposedtothesechemicals,whichcanhavenegativeeffectsonourhealth.Toaddresstheproblemofplasticpollution,weneedtotakeseveralsteps.First,weshouldreduceourconsumptionofsingle-useplastics.Single-useplastics,suchasplasticbags,straws,anddisposablecutlery,areusedonceandthenthrownaway.Wecanreplacethemwithreusablealternatives,suchasclothbags,metalstraws,andwashablecutlery.Second,weshouldimprovewastemanagement.Thisincludespropercollection,sorting,andrecyclingofplasticwaste.Manyplasticscanberecycledandturnedintonewproducts.H