雨课堂学堂在线学堂云《Innovation Theory Method Ecological Civilization Practice（创新理论方法与生态文明建设实践）（天津大学 ）》单元测试考核答案

注：不含主观题第1题单选题(10分)RachelCarson,anAmericanmarinebiologist,wrotehersensationalbook()in1962,whichwarnedofthedangerstoallnaturalsystemsfromthemisuseofchemicalpesticidessuchasDDTandquestionedthescopeanddirectionofmodernscience,initiatedthecontemporaryenvironmentalmovement.AEcologicalDemocracyBBuildingaSustainableSocietyCSilentSpringDEnvironmentalPollution第2题单选题(10分)()openedonAugust26,2002,inJohannesburg.Ithasmadecourseforthecoming20yearsclear,aswellasdirectionforplannersallovertheworld.

AUNConferenceontheHumanEnvironmentBUnitedNationsConferenceonEnvironmentandDevelopmentCWorldSummitonSustainableDevelopmentDUnitedNationsEnvironmentAssembly第3题单选题(10分)Solidwastereferstosolidand()wastematerialsproducedbyhumanbeingsinproduction,consumption,livingandotheractivities.

Asemi-solidBrockCmetalDplastic第4题单选题(10分)TherearemanyproblemsariseintheprocessofEcologicalCivilizationPractice,andweneedtouse()thinkingtoaccesstheSustainableDevelopment.AcompetitiveBinnovativeCcritical第5题多选题(10分)In2018,338citiesinChinaexperiencedseverepollutionfor822days.Primarypollutant:()Apm10BCOCO3Dpm2.5正确答案：ACD第6题判断题(10分)Topromotethepracticeofecologicalcivilizationconstruction,theChinesegovernmenthasdecidedtobuildaMarket-orientedTechnologyInnovationSysteminChina.第7题判断题(10分)Acidrainzonescoveredanareaofabout530,000km2,accountingfor10%ofthecountry'stotalland.第8题判断题(10分)Economiccivilizedpracticecanbedividedintothreecategories,ofwhichthecategoryofeconomictransformationandinnovationincludesupgradingkeyindustries.第9题判断题(10分)DPSIRisamodelfordescribingtheinteractionsbetweensocietyandenvironment.第10题判断题(10分)GroundwatermonitoringqualityinChinaisgenerallyserious.CurrentlyGroundwaterstandardinChinacanbedividedintofourlevels.Chapter2Quiz第1题单选题(11分)WhenAltshullerfirstconceivedtheTRIZtheory?A1945B1946C1947D1948第2题单选题(11分)HowmanyinventionprinciplesareinvolvedinTRIZtheory?

A38B39C40D41第3题单选题(11分)WhendidAltshullercomeupwiththeprinciplesofinvention?A1968B1969C1970D1971第4题单选题(11分)WhenAltshullercreatetheInternationalTRIZAssociationinpetrozavodsk.?

A1989B1990C1991D1992第5题单选题(11分)Inthestudyofalargenumberofinventionpatents,Altshullerfoundthatvariouspatentinventionsarenotsolvingtechnicalcontradictions,andthesedifferenttechnicalcontradictionscanbeexpressedby()engineeringparameters.A25B50C39D40第6题单选题(11分)Negativeionairpurifieradoptstheprincipleof()inTRIZtheory.

AstrongoxidationBthermalexpansionCmechanicalvibrationDchangingphysicalorchemicalparameters第7题多选题(12分)The“S”curvecompletelydescribesthelifecycleofatechnicalsystem.Theevolutionofasystemgoesthrough().AinfancyBgrowthCmaturityDrecession.正确答案：ABCD第8题填空题(11分)Inthecontradictionmatrix,thecontradictionbetweentheparametersofthesamesequenceofrowsandcolumnsisacontradictiontothesameparametercausedbydifferentneeds,whichiscalled____.正确答案：:["physicalcontradiction"]第9题判断题(11分)TheTRIZnine-screenmethodcanbedividedfromthesystemlevel.Therearefourlevelsof“supersystem,currentsystem,normalsystemandsubsystem”Chapter3Quiz第1题单选题(12分)Inthecase-solidwaste,accordingtotheinventiveprinciplefortechnologicalconflict,thebestinnovativemethodsforsatisfyingimprovedparameters35anddeterioratedparameters1are()A1B15

C6D8第2题填空题(13分)Amongtheglobalsolidwastepercentage,____accountsforabouthalf,anditaccountsforasignificantproportionofwasteineachcountry.正确答案：:["organicwaste"]第3题多选题(14分)FromtheperspectiveoftheevolutionarymodelofIncreasingofthedegreeofIdeality,thefinaldevelopmenttrendsofthefutureBag-hosePrecipitatorare()AIntroductionofgreendesignconceptsinfutureproductdesignBMoreenvironmentallyfriendlyandenergyefficientCkeepbalancebetweenhumanbeingsandnature正确答案：AB第4题判断题(12分)Thecoreideaofsolvingphysicalconflictistheseparationofconflict.第5题判断题(12分)Technicalsystemevolutionrulecandeterminethefuturedirectionofproductdevelopmentbasedontheanalysisoftechnologymaturity.第6题单选题(12分)Inaphysicalconflictoftheorganicwasteprocessor,whichseparationprincipleshouldbeappliedfirst?

AInTimeBInSpaceCOnConditionDBytransitiontoanalternativesystem第7题单选题(13分)AccordingtotheEPAfoodrecoveryhierarchy,whichofthefollowingwastedisposaloptionisthemostfavored?ALandfillBCompostingCSourceReductionandReuseDFeedhungrypeople第8题填空题(12分)TheinnovativeprinciplesofapplicationinChapter3Case2is____principleofcurvedsurface.正确答案：:["14"]Chapter4Quiz第1题多选题(12分)Thecityeconomyishighlydependentonthedevelopmentofresourcesandpreliminaryprocessingofresource-basedcitieswillalsoshowanobviousgrowthcycleduetotheperiodicityofminingdevelopmentincluding()ACommenceperiodBGrowthperiodCProsperityperiodDDeclineperiod正确答案：ABCD第2题多选题(12分)TheChineseeconomyisatacrucialstageoftransitionfromoldtonewgrowthdriversandastageofeconomictransformationandupgrading.Throughtheneweconomy,suchas()andotheremergingindustriesandformats,smartmanufacturingpromotesChina'seconomictransformation.AInternet+Bindustry4.0planCe-commerceDcloudcomputing正确答案：ACD第3题填空题(8分)Pleasepreciselynamefourmodesofeconomictransformationforresource-basedcities:________________正确答案：:["Industryextendsmodel"]正确答案：:["Industrialdiversificationmodel"]正确答案：:["Industryrenewalmodel"]正确答案：:["Industrytransformationmodel"]第4题填空题(12分)ThefourreasonswhyChinaneedeconomictransformationinclude:____、____、____、____正确答案：:["fromthecurrentenvironmentaltrends"]正确答案：:["fromthehumanresources"]正确答案：:["fromthecompetitivenessoftheeconomy"]正确答案：:["fromthedevelopmentprospectsofenterprises"]第5题判断题(11分)PeoplewhodonotknowtheprofessionalknowledgeofenvironmentalfieldcannotuseTRIZguidelinestoimprovetheecologicalbenefitsofproducts.第6题判断题(11分)“iTree”referstoacollectionofdesignguidelinesderivedfromproblemsolvingmethods,bestEco-practices,conceptualdesignapproaches,andcomputeraidedtools.第7题判断题(11分)Economictransitionisthetransformationofagriculturalsocietyintoindustrialsociety.第8题判断题(11分)Oneoftheproblemswithresource-basedcitiesisthatunbalancedindustrialstructure.第9题填空题(12分)Fromtheperspectiveofhumanresources,low-endmanufacturinghasthecharacteristicsoflowaddedvalue,________.Correspondingly,thejobsprovidedbyithavethecharacteristicsoflowincome,lowtechnicalskillsand____.正确答案：:["lowtechnology","lowefficiency"]正确答案：:["lowtechnology","lowefficiency"]正确答案：:["highworkload"]Chapter5Quiz第1题单选题(9分)Whatisthemostimportantenergycontributiontoglobalprimaryenergy?AGasBOilCCoalDNuclear第2题单选题(9分)Whichregionhasthemostobviousincreaseinenergyconsumption?AAfricaBAsiaPacificCEuropeDNorthAmerica第3题单选题(9分)IntheChapter5studiedcase,“changingtheelectrolytetemperaturetoimprovetheabsorptionefficiency”followswhichprincipleoftheinvention?AfeedbackBparameterchangesCmechanicssubstitutionDcopying第4题单选题(9分)IntheChapter5studiedcase,“WhentheelectrolytefilledwithnitrogenentersintotheJ/R,vacuumizingtoexpandthepositiveandnegativeporemakingelectrolyteeasiertoenter”followswhichstandardsolutionofTRIZ?ABymovingfieldinsteadofstaticfieldBChangingtheconnectionsbetweenthedual-systemormulti-systemCAdditivesdisappearingDTheintroductionofsubstance第5题判断题(9分)ThemajortechnologicaloptionstodaytoachievesignificantCO2emissionreductionfrompassengercarsreducethegrowinguseoffossilfuelsthroughimprovedenergyefficiencyandthroughsubstitutionbyotherenergysources.第6题判断题(9分)In2016,mostrenewabletechnologieswereinacompetitiverangetofossilfuels,whilekeyexceptionwasthethermalsolarradiation,whichremainedabouttwiceasexpensive,butbegantoincrease.第7题判断题(9分)InEuropeanUnion,passengercarsarethemostdominantinlandmodeforpassengertransportation.第8题多选题(10分)TheWorldBusinessCouncilforSustainableDevelopment

haspointedoutsevenmajorelementsinconsideri