感叹句和祈使句原卷

感叹句一、核心定义（是什么）【本质】：用于表达强烈情感的句子，如喜悦、惊讶、赞叹、愤怒等【常见标志】：句末用感叹号“!”，常搭配语气词（如“啊”“呀”，书面中可省略）例句：赞叹：Whatabeautifulflower!（多美的花呀！）惊讶：Howfastheruns!（他跑得真快啊！）二、两大核心结构（怎么用）感叹句主要由what和how引导，核心区别是修饰的成分不同，需重点区分。1.what引导的感叹句（修饰“名词”）【核心公式】：What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+(主语+谓语)!（括号内成分可根据名词类型省略，主语+谓语常省略，仅保留核心名词短语）分情况示例：名词类型公式例句单数可数名词What+a/an+adj+名词+(主语+谓语)！Whatalovelydog(itis)!（多可爱的狗啊！）复数可数名词What+adj+名词+(主语+谓语)！Whatdeliciouscakes(theyare)!（多美味的蛋糕啊！）不可数名词What+adj+名词+(主语+谓语)！Whatfineweather(itis)!（多好的天气啊！）【关键提醒】：（1）单数可数名词前必须加a/an（形容词以元音音素开头用an，如aninterestingbook）（2）不可数名词（如weather,water,news）和复数名词前不加a/an【小试牛刀】1.______lovelygirlsheis!Everyonelikesher.A.WhataB.WhatC.HowaD.How2.______fineweatherwehavetoday!Let’sgoforawalk.A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa3.看,她买了条多么漂亮的裙子呀!（翻译句子）2.how引导的感叹句（修饰“形容词/副词/动词”）【核心公式】：How+形容词/副词+(主语+谓语)!（修饰动词时，结构为“How+主语+动词！”，此情况较少见）分情况示例：修饰成分公式例句形容词How+adj+(主+谓)!Howhappysheis!（她多开心啊！）副词How+adv+(主+谓)!Howslowlyhewalks!（他走得多慢啊！）动词（少见）How+主+动词！Howtheylaugh!（他们笑得真开心啊！）【谨记】没有howa/an这种结构的。【特殊易混结构】：当名词是“单数可数名词”时，how和what可转换，但语序不同，需注意区别：What+a/an+adj+名词！→Whatatalltreeitis!How+adj+a/an+名词！→Howtallatreeitis!【小试牛刀】1.______fastheruns!Hemustwintherace.A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa2.______happythechildrenare!They’replayinggameshappily.A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa3.______deliciousthefoodtastes!Iwanttoeatmore.A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa4.（翻译句子）多么开心的师生啊！________________________________________5.（翻译句子）你的决定多么明智啊！_________________________________三、高频易错点（避坑指南）what与how混淆（核心错误）错误：Howanicedayitis!（how修饰名词，错）正确：Whatanicedayitis!（what修饰名词day）错误：Whatfastheruns!（what修饰副词fast，错）正确：Howfastheruns!（how修饰副词fast）a/an的遗漏或误用错误：Whatbeautifulgirlsheis!（单数可数名词girl前缺a）正确：Whatabeautifulgirlsheis!错误：Whatanusefulbookitis!（useful以辅音音素开头，用a）正确：Whatausefulbookitis!主谓倒装或多余错误：Howhappyisshe!（宾语从句才用陈述语序，感叹句主谓语序不变）正确：Howhappysheis!错误：Whatacutecatisit!（主谓语序错误）正确：Whatacutecatitis!（itis可省略，直接说Whatacutecat!）四、实战解题技巧（怎么考）“找中心词”判断法（最实用）第一步：看句子中被修饰的“中心词”是名词还是形容词/副词第二步：中心词是名词→用what；是形容词/副词→用how例：______interestingstoryitis!（中心词是story，名词→用What，加a）→Whataninterestingstoryitis!【口诀记忆法】感叹句，表情感，what和how放句前；what修饰名（词），how副（词）形（容词）连；单数名词a/an加，主谓省略很常见感叹句式强化练习一、选择题（每题4分，共40分）1.—Didyouwatchthefootballmatchlastnight?—Yes!______excitingmatchitwas!Ourteamwonatlast.A.WhataB.WhatanC.HowD.Howan2.Mycousinsaid______beautifultheWestLakeis！.Shewantstovisititagain.A.whatB.whataC.howD.howa3.______usefuladviceourEnglishteachergaveus!Ithelpswithourwriting.A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa4.—Lookatthephoto!______happythechildrenareinthepark!—Yes,they’reenjoyingthemselves.A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa5.Weallknow______hardworkingstudentstheyare！.Theynevergiveup.A.whatB.whataC.howD.howa6.______fasttimeflies!We’llgraduatefromjuniorhighsoon.A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa7.—Iheardyougotanewbike.—Yes!______nicebikeitis!Irideittoschooleveryday.A.WhataB.WhatC.HowD.Howa8.Thetourguidetoldus______interestingstoryabouttheoldtown.Wealllistenedcarefully.A.whataB.whatanC.howD.howan9.______importantitistolearnEnglishwell!Itopensmoredoorsforus.A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa10.____smartthedriverlesscaris!Ireallywanttohaveone.A.What B.Whata C.Whatan D.How11.—wonderfulfilm!Whydidn’tyougotoseethefilm?—BecauseIittwiceandIhadtoprepareformytests.A.Whata;see B.Howa;haveseen C.Howa;see D.WhatD.Whata;haveseen12.Thenextmorning,theytookthekitetotheparkandtestedit.“wow!”shecriedproudly,“___highmybutterflyflies!”A.WhatB.WhataC.WhatanD.HowD.How13.Agreatnumberofpeopletherereadaboutourprizeinabestsellingfoodmagazine,”saidPat.“Wehavehelpedcustomersfindoutaboutus.118greatnews!”A．What B．How C．Whata14.Recently,millionsofpeoplehavebeentouchedbyaTVshow,ALifelongJourney.Theydescribetheshowasatimemachinetotraveltothepast.!A．Howexcellentlyitis B．Whatexcellentshow C．Whatanexcellentshow15.______excitingnewsitis13D一printedhouseswilleout!A.WhatB.WhatanC．HowD.Howan16._____excitingthespeechabout“theBeltandRoad”（一路一带）was!A.HowB.WhatC.Whatan17._______wonderfulthemusicis!What’sitsname?Victory. A.How B.Howa C.What D.Whata18.______useful

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How19._______differentlifeistoday!Yeah.Wearealllivingahappyandrichlifenow.WhataB.HowC.WhatD.Whatan20._____fineitistoday!Let’sgoforawalk.Thatsoundsgood.Let’sgo.A.WhatB.HowC.WhichD.Howan二、句型转换（每空2分，共30分）1.Tomisabraveboy.（用what和how各改一句，且第二句含宾语从句“wethink”）→What__________________Tomis!→Wethink________________________is!2.Themusicsoundsverybeautiful.（用how改写，且改为宾语从句“shesaid”）→Shesaid____________themusic______!3.Itisawonderfulvacation.（用what改写，且改为过去时）→What__________________it______!4.Theyworkveryhard.（用how改写）→How__________________!5.Thestorybookhasinterestingstories.（用what改写，强调“故事”）→What__________________thestorybookhas!祈使句【定义】：用来表达请求、命令、劝告等语气。祈使句的谓语动词没有时态，数的变化。1.第二人称作主语的祈使句：通常省略主语you，用动词原形开头。e.gGetupquickly,oryou’llbelateforschool.2.第一、三人称作主语的祈使句：通常以let开头，否定形式是在动词原形前加not。e.gLet’shaveanothertry.Let’snotsayanythingaboutit.3.祈使句的否定形式：一般在句首加don’t，有时也可用never构成。e.gNeverjudgeapersonbylooks.【典例1】—Jack,don'talwayscopywhatothersdo.________yourhead,please.—Thanksfortellingme.A.UsingB.UsedC.UsesD.Use【典例2】.____buyyourticketfromaticketmachine.Therearelotsofpeoplethere.A.NotB.NottoC.Don’tD.Don’tto【过关练】单项选择1.TheTVistooloud.Please________.A.turnitdownB.toturnitdownC.turndownitD.toturndownit2._______lateagain,Bill!A.Don'ttobeB.Don'tbeC.NotbeD.Benot3._______crosstheroaduntilthetrafficlightsturngreen.A.NotB.Won'tC.Doesn'tD.Don't5.Kate,_______yourhomeworkheretomorrow.A.bringB.bringsC.tobringD.bringing6.________methetruth,orI'llbeangry.A.TellingB.TotellC.ToldD.Tell7.Tommy,________playbasketballinthestreetnexttime.Youmaygethitbyacar.A.doB.don'tC.mustD.mustn't8.________meane­mailbeforeyouetoHangzhou.I'llmeetyouattheairport.A.SendingB.TosendC.Sends D.Send9.Asweallknow,lifeisshortbutamazing.________it!A．EnjoyB．ToenjoyC．EnjoyingD．Enjoyed10.eattoomuchjunkfood.It’sbadforyourhealth.A.DoB.NotC.Don’tD.Doesn’t11.—Sorry,I’mlate.—tellmethebusbrokedownagain!A.NevertoB.NotC.Don’tD.No12.Doyouwanttobehealthy?________.Smilingcanhelpyoustayhealthy.A.SmileB.Smiling C.Tosmile D.Smiled语法选择加强练1NiejiazhuangVillageinWeifangisfamousforcoloredclaysculpturehandicraft（泥塑手工艺）,whichdatesbacktotheMingDynasty.TheWeifanggovernmenthasencouragedlocalpeople31traditionalhandicraftandmakemoremoneytogetridofpoverty（脱贫）.NiePengis32youngvillagerinNiejiazhuang.Heiscrazyaboutclaysculpturehandicraft.Hebeganlearningitfromhisfather33hewasachild.Hehasledlotsofyoungcraftsmen（手艺人）inandnear34villagetomakecoloredclaysculptures.Andthehandicrafthasbeeanimportantwayforlocalpeopletoget35thanbefore.Thetigerisatypicalsubjectforcoloredclaysculptures.Nie36tolearntomakeclaytigersin2010,theYearoftheTiger.37first,theclaytigerswereallofthesamesmallsize.Nowtherearetigersofdifferentsizes.Guesshowtall38.Itisovertwometerstall!Thetigersusedtobecoloredpinkandgreen,butnowhavebeemorecolorful.39fasttheartformhasdevelopedovertheseyears!TodayNiecaresforthefutureofclaysculpturehandicraft.Hereallyhopesthatthesculpturehandicraft40downtothenextgeneration.31.()A.learning B.learn C.tolearn32.()A.a B.an C.the33.()A.since B.when C.before34.()A.his B.him C.himself35.()A.rich B.richer C.therichest36.()A.willstart B.started C.hasstarted37.()A.By B.On C.At38.()A.isthelargestoneB.thelargestoneis C.thelargestonewas39.()A.How B.What C.Whata40.()A.willpass B.waspassed C.willbepassed2WhenIwasstudyingtheChineselanguageataschoolinSouthAfrica,IfellinlovewiththeChineseculture.That’s____1____IcametostudyatShanxiUniversityin2020.ButIsoonrealized____2____hardthelanguagestu