人教版高一年级定语从句概念引入及关系代词解题学案

定语从句讲解什么是定语定语：修饰、限定或说明名词或代词的成分，从而让一个笼统的名词变得具体、清晰、独一无二。二、定语的种类前置定语:主要是形容词。后置定语:主要有两种。（1）非谓语短语:当一个动作用来修饰名词时。例如：thedisaster

destroyingthecity（2）介词短语:用of,in,with等介词引出短语，放在名词后面，说明时间、地点、特征等。例如：thedamage

ofthedisaster;adisaster

withgreatdamage看下面句子，试着找出定语，并判断前置定语及后置定语。1.Thebigfloodcausedseriousdamage.2.Thedroughthittingthevillageisveryserious.3.Thelandslidewithnodeathhappenedyesterday三、定语从句概念引入我们能不能把这两句话合成一句更地道的长句？Anearthquakeisanaturaldisaster.Itoftencausesgreatdamage.定语从句：在一个句子中充当定语，来修饰一个名词或代词的从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词被称为先行词，定语从句与主句通常用关系词连接。因为它属于从句，所以也有自己的主语和谓语。写成定语从句必不可少：主句；先行词；关系词；定语从句谓语。看下面句子，试着找出先行词，关系词，定语从句，定语从句的谓语动词。Thefloodwhichdestroyedmanyhouseswasterrible.Thedamagethatthetornadocausesisagreatshocktous.Thevolunteerswhohelpedwiththerescueareheroes.Ashelterisaplacewherepeoplecangetprotectionfromadisaster.Thevolunteerfromthevillagewhoarrivedthismorningstartedtohelptheinjured.从中我们可以发现名词或代词后的从句多为定语从句。定语从句一般翻译为“...的”。定语从句之前的先行词，必会在定语从句中充当成分。定语从句的谓语动词：与先行词的人称和数保持一致。定语从句的一般造型是：定语从句的关系词定语从句的关系词分为：关系代词(that,which,who,whom,whose)和关系副词(when,where,why)。关系词可以代指先行词，同时表明先行词在定语从句中充当的不同成分。选择哪个关系词，取决于两个因素：①先行词指人还是指物；②关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分。关系代词指人还是指物充当的成分例句that人，物主语，宾语Thevolunteerswho/thathelpedintherescueareheroes.Thepeople(whom/who/that)wesavedarenowinshelter.Thefloodwhich/thatdestroyedthebridgewaspowerful.Theaid(which/that)theyreceivedwasimportant.That'sthecitywhosepopulationwasaffectedbythedrought.which物主语，宾语who人主语，宾语whom人宾语whose人，物定语关系副词指人还是指物充当的成分例句when物时间状语Iwillalwaysrememberthedaywhentheearthquakestruck.where地点状语Thisisthevillagewherethelandslidehappened.why原因状语Thereasonwhytheybuiltthedamwastopreventfloods.习题练习一、选择题（可以选择多个选项）：Theteam_______ismadeupoftwentyvolunteersarrivedatthedisasterarea.A.whoB.whichC.thatTheman_______yousawintherescuenewsismyuncle.A.whoB.whomC.不填3.Theytalkedaboutthevictims_______theyremembered.A.whichB.thatC.who4.Thisisthemostpowerfulearthquake_______Ihaveeverexperienced.A.whichB.thatC.不填5.Thesafehouse_______westayedwasprovidedbythegovernment.A.whichB.thatC.where6.Thetornado_______causedgreatdamagelastedforonlytenminutes.A.whichB.thatC.who7._______wasaffectedbythedroughtneedsmorehelp.A.ThoseB.ThatC.Thosewho8.Theyareworkinginacity_______watersupplywascutoff.A.whichB.whoseC.that9.Look!Thisistheequipment_______weneedrightnow!A.whichB.thatC.what10.Theflood_______thevillagelastmonthcausedalotofdamage.A.whohitB.whichhitC.whoithitD.wherehit二、定语从句填空题1.Atornadoisatypeofdisaster__________cancausegreatdamagetobuildingsandtrees.2.Theday__________thetsunamihappenedwasunforgettableforthelocalpeople.3.Weneedtohelpthefarmers__________cropshavefailedduetotheseveredrought.4.Thisisthevillage__________thelandslidedestroyedmostofthehouseslastyear.5.Thepipe__________wasbrokenyesterdayhascausedalotofwaterwaste.6.Doyouknowthereason__________thevolcaniceruptioncouldnotbepredicted?7.Thewhistle__________heisblowingisusedtowarnpeopleofdanger.8.Shewillneverforgetthemoment__________sheheardthetaponthewindowduringthestorm.9.Themagnitudeoftheearthquake,__________wasover7.0,shockedthewholeworld.10.Theresidents__________theyrescuedfromthefireisnowinthehospital.答案：选