2026外研版八下Unit 1【语法-被动语态一】(教师版)

Unit1Career“be+动词过去分词”，一般现在时被动语态需根据主语人称和数，将be动词变为am/is/are。否定形式是“am/is/are+not+动词过去分词”。Thisbookislovedbychildren.（肯定句ThiscameraisnotmadeinJapan.（否定句Thissongisloved(love)bymanyyoungComputersarenotused/aren’tused(notuse)byhimeveryTheletteriswritten(write)byVegetablesaresold(sell)inthisshopevery强调动作的承受者“某事/事物如何”Yes,主语No,主语特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+动词过去分词(+by+动作执行者Thisstoryistoldbythe否定句：Thisstoryisnottoldbythe一般疑问句：Isthisstorytoldbythe肯定回答：Yesitis./否定回答：Noitisn’t.Theyareinvitedtotheparty.否定句：Theyarenotinvitedtothe一般疑问句：Aretheyinvitedtothe肯定回答：Yestheyare./Nothey“宾变主、谓变被、主变宾（主动句：主语do/does+宾语+ 被动句：宾语（新主语）am/is/are+by+原主语（可省略）注意：是否省略“by+原主语”需要根据语境来判断：强调“谁做的”就加上，“by+原主语”：当需要明确动作是谁做的、强调动作发出者时使用Theletterwaswrittenbymyfather.（—“我爸爸”发出者省略“by+原主语”：当动作发出者不明确、不重要，或上下文已经能推断时。例：Theletterwaswrittenyesterday.（—无需知道谁写的，只需强调“信被写”的状态）Peopleplantmanytreesintheparkevery被动句：ManytreesareplantedintheparkeveryMymothercleansthehouseevery被动句：ThehouseiscleanedbymymothereveryWorkersWorkersbuildnewroadsinthiscityevery被动句：NewroadsarebuiltinthiscityeveryTomfixesbrokenbikesforhis被动句：BrokenbikesarefixedbyTomforhis主动：Shegivesmea被动：Iamgivenapenbyher).ApenisgiventomebyOurteacherteachesus1（间接宾语作新主语）：WearetaughtEnglishbyour2（直接宾语作新主语）：EnglishistaughttoMyunclesentmeabirthday1（间接宾语作新主语）：Iwassentabirthdaygiftbymy2（直接宾语作新主语）：AbirthdaygiftwassenttoThecompanyofferscustomersfree1（间接宾语作新主语）：Customersareofferedfree2（直接宾语作新主语）：FreecoffeeisofferedtocustomersbytheShepassedhimaglassof1（间接宾语作新主语）：Hewaspassedaglassofwaterby2（直接宾语作新主语）：Aglassofwaterwaspassedto主动：Theytakecareoftheold被动：TheoldmanistakencareofbyPeoplelookdownonlazy被动句：LazypeoplearelookeddownonbyTheteacheralwayspointsoutourmistakesin被动句：Ourmistakesarealwayspointedoutin的性质特征，well、easily等副词连用。例：Thiskindofpe