2英语基本句型

句子分类句子结构类型（一）简单句（二）并列句（三）复合句*几个简单句用分号或并列连词连接起来构成并列句;*几个简单句可通过各种方式组合成含有主句和从句的复合句。只包含一个主谓结构而且各个成分均由词组构成的句子Thebook

cameout.Hissister

cried.Thephone

rang.I

agreed.主语谓语1.主语+谓语

（SV）He

isreading

abook.Mike

knows

theanswer.She

likes

dogs.You

shouldfinish

yourhomework.主语谓语2.主语+谓语+宾语（SVO）宾语He

gave

me

abook.Myfather

bought

me

abike.She

showed

me

herpictures.I

provide

him

somefood.主语谓语3.主语+谓语+(间)宾+(直)宾(SVIODO)间宾直宾We

mustkeep

thedoor

open.Thenews

made

them

happy.She

found

theroom

empty.We

consider

him

akindman.主语谓语4.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补（SVOC）宾语宾补Mr.Wu

is

ourChineseteacher.

They

are

energetic.Theplan

sounds

perfect.Everything

looks

different.主语系动词5.主语+系动词+表语

（SVP）表语Mr.Wu

talks

loudly.

Thetime

passed

veryquickly.Thepark

lies

inthecenterofthecity.He

walks

toschool.主语谓语6.主语+谓语+状语

（SVA）状语Cindy

likes

readingbooks

inthelibrary.

Theboy

iswatching

TV

intheroom.They

had

dinner

inthisrestaurant.He

settled

theproblem

inaneasyway.主语谓语7.主语+谓语+宾语+状语

（SVOA）宾语状语8.Therebe句型(be动词单复数与最近的名词保持一致)此句型是由“There+be+主语+状语”构成，用以表达存在关系，可以称“……有……”。它其实是倒装的一种情况，主语位于谓语动词be之后，there仅为引导词，并无实际语意。8.Therebe句型(be动词单复数与最近的名词保持一致)教室里面有一个大屏幕。There

isabigscreenintheclassroom.学校里面有很多树，很多花。There

aremanytreesandflowersintheschool.中国有很多传统节日。There

are

alotoftraditionalfestivalsinChina.总结：简单句的基本句型主+谓SV主+谓+宾

SVO主+谓+(间)宾+(直)宾SVIODO主+谓+宾+宾补SVOC主+系+表SVP主+谓+状SVA主+谓+宾+状SVOATherebe句型练习：判断下列句子的句型Hesmiled.Timandhisfriendsareplayingfootballintheplayground.Herdreamhascometrue.Thisvideomademesad.Allthetouristsseemedhappy.SVSVOASVSVOCSVP练习：判断下列句子的句型Sheisingoodhealth.Someoneleftyouthisnote.Shealwayskeepsherroomclean.IliveinBeijing.Youmusttreatherkindly.SVPSVIODOSVOCSVASVOA练习：判断下列句子的句型Hesmiled.Timandhisfriendsareplayingfootballintheplayground.Herdreamhascometrue.Thisvideomademesad.Allthetouristsseemedhappy.SVSVOASVSVOCSVP练习：判断下列句子的句型Sheisingoodhealth.Someoneleftyouthisnote.Shealwayskeepsherroomclean.IliveinBeijing.Youmusttreatherkindly.SVPSVIODOSVOCSVASVOA练习：标出下列各句中所包含的句子成分1．LastweekIwenttothesupermarket.2．Theplaywasveryinteresting.3．Ican’thearaword.4．Theyweretalkingloudly.5．HehasvisitedagreatnumberofplacesinAustralia.6．Shemakeshermotherangry.练习：用给出的句型翻译下列句子1.会议九点开始。(S＋V)__________________________2.我喜欢读书。(S＋V＋O)_____________________________________3.天气渐渐冷了。(S＋P)__________________________4.我下次把那本书给你带来。(S＋V＋IO＋DO)_________________________________Themeetingbeginsatnine.

Itisgettingcolderandcolder.

Iwillbringyouthebooknexttime.

Ilikereading.

5.老师让我读这篇文章。(S＋V＋O＋OC)________________________________________6.我住在北京。(S＋V＋A)__________________7.昨晚我写了一封信。(S＋V＋O＋A)________________________8.爸爸给我买了一辆新自行车。(S＋V＋IO＋DO)____________________________9.桌子上有一本书。(therebe句型)_________________________Theteacheraskedmetoreadthepassage.

IliveinBeijing.

Iwrotealetterlastnight.

Dadboughtmeanewbike.

Thereisabookonthedesk.

英语五大基本句型句型一：主语＋谓语（S+V）举例：It

rains．↓↓

主语不及物动词句型二：主语＋谓语＋宾语（S+V+O）举例：Children

sing

thissong．↓

↓

↓主语及物动词宾语英语五大基本句型句型三：主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语（S+V+IO+DO）举例：She

showed

herfriends

allherpictures.↓

主语及物动词句型四：主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语（S+V+O+C）举例：We

keep

ourclassroom

cleanandtidy．↓

↓主语及物动词宾语↓↓↓间接宾语直接宾语↓↓宾语补足语英语五大基本句型句型五：主语＋系动词＋表语（S+V+P）举例：Thebike

is

new.↓

主语系动词

↓↓表语英语中的所有句子都是由这五大基本句型为框架写出来的。练习判断句子结构类型Hesmiled.Iknowtheanswer.Herfaceturnedred.Thegivemeabook.Thepaintedthedoorgreen.（S+V）（S+V+O）（S+V+P）（S+V+IO+DO）（S+V+O+C）

分析主要句子成分，并写出汉语意思。1.Duringthepastseveralyears,fakenewshasbeenafrequenttopicofrealnews,witharticlesconsideringtheroleofsocialmediainspreadingfakenews.2.Whenanapplicationforadmissionisapproved,theuniversitywillsendanoticeofadmissionforａspecificterm.﹏﹏【句意】在过去的几年里，假新闻一直是真实新闻的常见话题，文章考虑了社交媒体在传播假新闻中的作用。【句意】当入学申请被批准后，大学将发送特定学期的入学通知。Practice1[][]()4.

Itcanbedifficulttofindatastyfoodplacethatcaterstomeat-freediet.【句意】很难找到一个美味的食物场所。3.Followingatrendwithoutthinkingcarefullycanmakeyoustressedanddepressed.﹏【句意】不仔细思考就随波逐流会让你感到压力和沮丧。<>()5.Someclassroomsconsistedmerelyofsticksstuckinthesandandametalroof.6.“Withvisitornumbersaroundtheworldincreasingtowardspre-pandemiclevels,theissueofovertourismisonceagainrearingitshead.﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏【句意】有些教室只是用插在沙子上的树枝和一个金属屋顶组成的。【句意】随着世界各地的游客人数接近大流行前的水平，过度旅游的问题再次抬头。()[]判断基本句型，并写出汉语意思。

1.Inthelongrun,thetruthwillwinout.2.Otherswerescepticalabouttheabilityoflanguagemodelstoprogramrobotsforcomplextasks.SV【句意】从长远来看，真相会胜出。SVP【句意】其他人则对语言模型为机器人编程完成复杂任务的能力表示怀疑。Practice23.Besidestai

chi,Darrin

alsolearned

toperformYujuOpera,whichisknownforitsmelodic

singing,amazingmartial

artsmovementsandstories.

4.ShewasshowingmesomethinginthebackyardSVOSVIoDo【句意】除了太极，达林还学会了表演豫剧，以其优美的演唱、惊人的武术动作和故事而闻名。【句意】她在后院给我看一些东西。5.Therearewaystobettermanagetourismbypromotingmoreoff-seasontravel,limitingnumberswherepossibleandhavinggreaterregulationwithintheindustry.6.

WhatmakestheJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenteranidealplaceforlaunchingsatellites?SVOOc【句意】通过促进更多的淡季旅游，尽可能限制数量，并在行业内进行更大的监管，来更好地管理旅游业。【句意】什么使酒泉卫星发射中心成为发射卫星的理想场所？1.Schoolswanttoaddresstheissueofsummerlearninglossnotonlybecauseitmaywidenachievementgaps,butalsobecauseit“wastes”somuchoftheknowledgestudentshavegainedduringtheschoolyear.分析长难句，厘清主干与枝叶主干：Schoolswanttoaddresstheissue．枝叶：介词短语作后置定语ofsummerlearningloss；notonlybecauseitmaywidenachievementgaps,butalsobecauseit“wastes”somuchoftheknowledge连接并列结构作原因状语从句；定语从句studentshavegainedduringtheschoolyear.前面省略关系代词修饰先行词knowledge。Practice32.ThebrainsciencebehindAlzheimer’siscomplex,butCTandMRIscanssuggestthatpoisonouschangesoccurinthebrain,includingtheabnormalbuildupofproteinscalledamyloidplaquesandtautangles.主干：but连接并列句。Thebrainscienceiscomplex;CTandMRLscanssuggestthat;枝叶：介词behind短语作后置定语修饰前面名词；including为现在分词短语作非限制性定语修饰c