专题05 阅读理解之记叙文-2026年中考《英语》一轮复习讲义

PAGE1专题阅读理解之记叙文目录TOC\o"1-2"\h\u01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 202·时空导航·网络构建 303·题型通关·靶向突破 4考点一题型破解 4文体特点通过生动的事例来反映生活和作者的思想感情选项规律干扰项特征：以偏概全、过度推断、偷换概念、无中生有、主观臆断、浮于表面考点二解题要点 5题型1.细节理解题2.推理判断题3.观点态度类题型4.写作意图类题型5.词义猜测题6.主旨大意题04·优题精选·练能提分 10

题型考查形式2025年在各地中考卷中所占比重阅读理解之记叙文☑选择题□非选择题在阅读理解部分（通常为3-4篇），记叙文至少占1篇。部分地区会达到2篇。其分值约占阅读总分的25%-40%，占全卷总分比重约10%-15%。考情分析(一)命题特点分析选材主题鲜明，突出“立德树人”1.主题分布：素材集中于个人成长经历（克服困难、学习新技能）、亲情友情（理解与陪伴）、社会善意（陌生人之间的帮助）、文化自信（传承传统文化）以及人与社会/自然的思考。2.价值导向：文章普遍蕴含积极向上的价值观，如坚持、勇气、诚实、宽容、责任感，引导学生形成正确的价值观和人生观。能力考查全面，聚焦“高阶思维”1.文本语言地道，强调“语境理解”。文章多源于英文原版材料的改编，语言生动、自然，包含丰富的对话和心理描写。2.对长难句的理解能力要求提高，句子结构更为复杂。(二)命题思路总结1.设题位置规律：题目顺序通常与故事发展顺序（自然顺序）一致，有助于学生定位信息。选项设置技巧：细节理解题：不再“直来直往”，常需进行同义转述或对多处信息进行简单归纳。推理判断题：成为绝对主力题型。考查对人物动机、情感变化、事件因果、言外之意的深层推断。词义猜测题：紧密结合故事情节，考查通过上下文逻辑线索推断生词或短语含义的能力。主旨大意题：要求准确概括故事核心思想或选择最佳标题，干扰项常为细节性信息或过于宽泛的表述。作者意图/观点态度题：考查学生是否能跳出故事本身，洞察作者讲述此故事的目的（如：分享一个教训、赞扬一种品质）或其对事件/人物的态度。2.命题核心思维：命题的底层逻辑是测试学生是否真正“读懂”了故事，而不仅仅是“看到”了文字。重点在于理解故事的情感脉络、因果链条和核心价值。命题预测(一)主题预测科技与人情：讲述青少年如何平衡数字生活与现实交往，或利用科技解决现实问题、传递温暖的故事。文化传承与创新：关于青少年体验、学习并创新性传承非物质文化遗产（如剪纸、戏曲、节庆）的故事。心理健康与韧性：围绕如何面对压力、焦虑、失败，并最终培养成长型思维和心理韧性的叙事。生态环保意识：通过个人或集体的具体行动，体现青少年对环境问题的关注和责任的故事。跨文化理解与交流：中国学生与外国友人的交往故事，或在海外经历文化冲突与融合的故事。(二)题型预测推理判断题将继续保持其核心地位和最高出题频率，且设问角度将更细腻。词义猜测题的考查将更侧重对“熟词生义”和特定语境下短语含义的理解。段落目的/结构题可能会增多，考查学生对段落功能（如：引入背景、推动情节、抒发情感）的理解。综合性与开放性：可能出现需要综合全文多个信息点才能解答的题目，对学生的整体把握能力要求更高。考点一题型破解文体特点1.命题分布

记叙文是中考阅读的“必考题”，分值比重：约占阅读理解总分的25%-40%，是阅读部分的得分基石与拉分关键。题量通常为1-2篇，题数为3-8小题。其命题分布遵循以下规律：题型频率（由高到低）：推理判断题：核心题型，几乎必考2-3题。考查对人物情感、动机、事件因果、言外之意的理解。细节理解题：稳定出现1-2题。但多为“转述型”细节，而非直接查找。主旨大意题：常见，通常为最后1题。考查对故事主题、标题或作者写作目的的理解。词义猜测题：高频出现1题。考查通过上下文推断生词或代词含义的能力。2.难度分析

记叙文的难度体现在“看似简单，陷阱深藏”。词汇和句型大多在考纲范围内，故事背景贴近生活，学生基本能读懂字面意思。但深层理解难：信息定位难：答案往往不直接给出，需要联系前后文，进行信息整合与推断。情感把握难：人物的情感和态度很少直说，需要通过对话、动作、心理描写来推断。选项干扰强：错误选项设计精巧，极具迷惑性，容易让理解流于表面的学生“踩坑”。选项规律规律一：正确选项的“两大特征”同义转述这是正确选项最常见的形式。它不会直接抄袭原文，而是用不同的词语或句式表达相同的意思。合理概括针对主旨题或推理题，正确选项能基于全文信息，做出逻辑严谨的概括或推断。规律二：干扰选项的“四大陷阱”无中生有选项中的信息在原文完全找不到依据，但本身看似合理。破解：牢记“答案源于文本”。遇到任何选项，必须回原文找到支持或反对的证据。偷换概念使用原文中的关键词，但扭曲了其逻辑关系、主语、宾语或时间状态。破解：紧盯“谁，做了什么，对谁，在何时”。注意选项的主语、谓语、宾语是否与原文一致。以偏概全将文章中的某个次要细节、个别例子或片面观点，放大为全文主旨或整体情况。破解：主旨题要通盘考虑，尤其关注文章的开头、结尾和反复出现的核心词。过度推断推断方向正确，但程度过深、过于绝对或超出了原文的支撑范围。破解：推断必须基于原文“线索”，做到“有理有据”，切忌凭空想象。警惕含有绝对化词汇（如must,never,all,completely）的选项。考点二解题要点一、细节理解题1.解题步骤审题干，定关键词：快速阅读题干，圈定人名、地名、时间、数字等关键信息。回原文，精准定位：带着关键词回到原文，找到与之对应的句子或段落。比选项，找同义转述：将原文信息与选项进行比对，正确答案通常是原文的同义转述。解题原则答案必有据：答案必须能在原文中找到直接或间接的依据。警惕原词重现：包含原文原词的选项可能是陷阱，需特别小心高频考点事件发生的时间、地点、原因、方式。人物做了什么事。事件的具体经过。题型与考查角度考查学生对文章具体信息的查找、识别和理解能力。【典例】【2025年重庆卷】Whatwasthewriter'smainjobinthecommunitygardenprojectatthebeginning?

A.Designingthegardenlayout. B.Plantingflowersandvegetables.

C.

Wateringtheplantsandcleaningthearea. D.Communicatingwiththecommunity.原文片段：WhenIfirstjoinedthecommunitygardenproject,Iwasgiventhemostbasictasks.Mymainjobwastowatertheyoungplantseveryeveningandtokeeptheareacleanbypullingoutweedsandpickingupanylitter.Itwasn'tthemostexcitingwork,butIunderstooditwasimportant.Atthebeginning,Iwasn'tinvolvedinthemorecreativeparts,likedesigningthelayoutorchoosingwhichflowersandvegetablestoplant.Thosedecisionsweremadebyasmallteamofmoreexperiencedmembers.Myrolewasallaboutthedailycareandmaintenance.【解析】【解析】解题时，你需要根据题干关键词"mainjob"和"atthebeginning"定位到原文相关段落。正确选项C往往是原文信息的同义转述，比如原文是"wasresponsiblefordailywateringandkeepingthegardentidy"。而其他选项可能是利用文中出现的词汇（如"designing","planting"）设置的干扰项。二、推理判断题推理判断题是中考阅读理解试题中的重要题型之一,包括推理和判断两个方面，是区分度最高的题型。考查考生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思，进行逻辑推理，对文章的细节、作者的态度、意图作出正确推理判断的能力。分析真题可知，推断题呈不断上升的趋势，且由过去简单的对号入座直接答题转向通过语句的同义或反义词及长难句来考查考生对语言的理解能力，难度比之前有所增加。高频考点：1.推断人物的真实感受、动机或性格特征。推断事件的因果关系或可能的发展。推断故事的隐含意义或结局。解题步骤定位信息源：找到题干涉及的相关段落或句子。读懂字里行间：分析上下文逻辑关系，关注人物的动作、语言、心理描写。合理推断：基于原文信息，进行一步逻辑上的延伸和推断，得出言外之意。解题原则立足原文，推断一步：推断必须基于原文，不能无中生有，也不能过度推断。事实与观点分离：区分文中客观描述的事实和作者或人物主观的观点态度。【典例】Whatcanweinferaboutthewriterfromthelastparagraph?

A.Hewillgiveupwritinginthefuture.

B.Hehasrealizedthepositivepowerofwriting.

C.Hethinkswritingisonlyusefulforprofessionals.

D.Hefindswritingmakeshimmorestressed.原文片段："IlookedatthepagesIhadfilled.Thewords,onceatangledmessinmymind,nowlayclearandcalmonpaper.Theanxietythathadfeltsoheavybegantoloosenitsgrip.Ihadn'tjustwrittendownmythoughts;Ihadwrittenmywaytoasenseofpeace.ItwasthenIunderstoodthatthistoolwasnotforcreatingmasterpieces,butformakingsenseofmyself.IknewIwouldkeepthispractice,forithadbecomemyanchor."【解析】【解析】最后一段包含了多个直接支持选项B的关键证据：“Theanxietythathadfeltsoheavybegantoloosenitsgrip.”（那曾无比沉重的焦虑感开始松动。）——这句话表明写作带来了直接的积极效果：缓解了焦虑。“Ihadwrittenmywaytoasenseofpeace.”（我是通过书写找到了内心的平静。）——这是一个非常强有力的陈述，直接将“写作”这一行为与“获得内心平静”这一积极结果联系起来。“IknewIwouldkeepthispractice,forithadbecomemyanchor.”（我知道我会继续这个习惯，因为它已成为了我的支柱。）——“支柱”这个比喻说明写作对作者至关重要，具有强大的支撑力量。他决定继续下去，证明他体验到了其好处。这些句子共同构成了一个清晰的逻辑链：写作→缓解焦虑、带来平静→成为生活支柱。这完美地诠释了“意识到了写作的积极力量”。故选B。三、观点态度类题型1.题型与考查角度考查学生对情感态度词汇的敏感度和对文本情感的把握能力。2.解题步骤明确对象：看清题目问的是作者的态度还是文中人物的态度。寻找情感词：圈出能体现态度、情感的形容词、副词、动词等。综合判断：结合人物的言行和故事情节，进行综合判断。3.解题原则紧扣文本：态度必须源于文本证据，不能凭个人常识判断。注意褒贬色彩：区分积极、消极或中立态度。4.高频考点（1）作者或人物对某人、某事的看法。（2）故事中人物的情感变化。【典例】【2025年广东卷】Howdidtheboyfeelabouthisfinishedbookshelf?A.Ashamedofitsimperfections. B.Proudofhisownwork.C.Gratefulforothers'help. D.Curiousaboutbetterdesigns.原文片段：Finally,afterdaysofsawing,hammering,andsanding,thebookshelfwascomplete.Itwasn'tperfect—onelegwasslightlyshorter,makingitwobble,andtherewereafewscratchesonthesurface.Theboysteppedbackandlookedathiswork.Awidesmilespreadacrosshisface.Awaveofpridewashedoverhim.Thiswassomethinghehadbuiltwithhisowntwohands.Hecouldn'twaittoshowhisfamilyandfilltheshelveswithhisfavoritebooks.【解析】【解析】原文中直接的情感词，如"awaveofpridewashedoverhim"（一股自豪感涌上心头），直接表明了人物的情感。因此，正确答案B就是原文核心情感词的同义转述。四、写作意图类题型1.题型与考查角度考查学生对文章整体功能和作者写作目的的概括能力。2.解题步骤整体把握：通读全文，理解文章主要内容。思考目的：问自己“作者为什么要写这个故事？他想告诉读者什么？”选择答案：选项通常是动词短语，如toshare.../toencourage.../toexplain...等。3.解题原则高于细节：写作意图是文章的灵魂，需跳出细节，从整体把握。紧扣主旨：写作意图与文章主旨大意紧密相关。4.高频考点作者希望通过故事传达的道理、鼓励的精神或分享的经历。【典例】原文片段：（2025·山西·中考真题）Bellusedtoworkasachildren’sbooksellerandhelpedyoungpeopleofallagesfindtheirperfectbooksBellsayssciencealsocomesfromhumancuriosity(好奇心)andimagination,whicharesimilartothehopethatcreatesmagicinthestory.Shehopesherbookscanencourageyoungreaderstolearnmoreaboutscience.WhatisBell’spurposeofwritingthetwomagicbooks?A．Toopenthedoortothemagicworldforreaders.B．Toguidereaderstoenjoymagicandvaluescience.C．Totellreadersscienceisthemostimportantschoolsubject.【【解析】根据第一段“…helpedyoungpeopleofallagesfindtheirperfectbooks.”和最后一段“Shehopesherbookscanencourageyoungreaderstolearnmoreaboutscience.”可知Bell写这两本魔法书的目的是引导读者享受魔法并重视科学。故选B。五、词义猜测题1.题型和考查角度：考查学生利用语境线索理解和推断词义的能力。解题技巧定位生词：找到生词或短语在文中的位置。分析语境：仔细阅读生词所在句子及前后句，寻找定义、举例、对比、因果等逻辑线索。代入验证：将猜测的含义代入原文，看是否通畅。3.猜测划线单词意思（1）根据定义有时作者会通过给词汇下定义来帮助读者理解该词的基本含义，如线索词thatis,or,namely,inotherwords,thatistosay,tobemoreexact,toputitanotherway,whichis等。（2）根据举例有时，划线部分后会根由一些具体的例子，这些例子可以帮助考试理解该词的词义。线索词suchas,such...as,forexample,forinstance,like,including,especially等。（3）根据对比关系或转折关系表达对比或转折关系的词需注意but,yet,however,while,unlike,instead,similarly,onthecontrary,incontrastto等。（4）根据同义词或并列结构在同一句、同一段或同一篇文章中，作者为了避免语言的单调和重复，会使用意思相同或相近的词，此时，只要知道其中一个词的意思，就能猜出另一个词的意思。（5）根据构词法英语中的很多词汇，尤其是不断出现的新词大多是通过构词法生成的，因此，掌握主要的构词法有助于猜测词义。（6）根据因果关系因果关系时一种常见的提供生词词义信息的逻辑关系。根据线索词as,since,because,for,so,therefore,dueto,resultin,asaresult,forthisreason,so...that,such...that等可知上下句存在因果，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。4.猜测划线代词意思定关键：返回原文，找到指代词，理清句子结构。找替代：根据上下文，寻找复合逻辑关系的名词、代词、短语或句子等。再核对：比较选项，找出与符合逻辑的选项。一般来说，it/this/that指代一件事；it/he/them/they/one/those指代上文提到的人或事。6.解题原则：词不离句：任何词义都依赖于具体的语境。逻辑为王：依靠上下文的逻辑关系是猜词的根本。【典例】【2025年日照卷】Theword"perseverance"inParagraph3mostprobablymeans"______".A.continuouseffortdespitedifficulties B.naturaltalentC.goodluck D.stricttraining原文片段：Paragraph3:Facedwiththesesetbacks,XiaoMingfeltdiscouraged.However,histeacherpattedhimontheshoulderandsaid,"Thekeytosuccessisnotjustintelligence,butperseverance.Youmustbewillingtolearnfromeachfailureandtryagain."Inspiredbythesewords,XiaoMingdidnotgiveup.Hespentthenexttwoweeksinthelabeveryafternoon,carefullyanalyzingwhatwentwrong,adjustinghisdesigns,andtestingnewmaterials.Throughsheerdeterminationandcontinuouseffort,hefinallybuiltaworkingmodel.【解析】【解析】根据上下文，这个男孩在遇到困难时没有放弃，而是坚持练习。这种在困境中“持续努力”的状态就是对"perseverance"（毅力）最准确的解释。解题时，你需要分析上下文逻辑，并将选项代入原文验证。六、主旨大意题型1.题型和考查角度概括能力：能否用简洁的语言概括出“文章主要讲了什么”。归纳能力：能否识别并整合文章各部分的要点，提炼出共同指向的中心。抽象思维能力：能否透过具体的事件、人物行为，看到其背后蕴含的深层意义、情感或道理。2.选项特征准确识别选项特征是快速排除干扰项的关键。（1）正确选项特征：概括性：能够覆盖全文或绝大部分段落的核心内容，具有“高度概括、不偏不倚”的特点。针对性：紧密围绕本文的核心话题和中心思想，不空泛。深刻性：对于记叙文，正确选项往往不止于事件本身，而能体现故事背后的情感、成长、道理或启示。（2）干扰选项特征：以偏概全：将文章中的某个次要细节或局部信息放大为全文主旨。【示例】文章主要讲一次失败的实验如何让“我”学会了坚持，干扰项设为“Thepassagedescribesascienceexperimentindetail.”（只提及实验，未涉及核心的“成长”）。范围过大：选项内容过于宽泛，超出了本文讨论的范围。【示例】文章讲一次具体的社区清洁活动，干扰项设为“Theimportanceofprotectingtheenvironment.”（环保重要性范围太大，本文只是其中一个具体事例）。范围过小/张冠李戴：选项是文中提到的信息，但只是某个段落或某个人物的观点，不能代表全文主旨。无中生有：选项内容在原文中完全找不到依据，或与原文内容相悖。3.主题句在文中的位置主题句是文章或段落中心思想的直接体现。找到主题句，解题就成功了一半。常见位置：段首：最为常见。文章或段落的开头直接点明中心。段尾：先叙述，后总结，在结尾处画龙点睛，引出主旨。首尾呼应：开头提出主题，结尾再次强调或深化主题。无显性主题句：记叙文，尤其是故事性强的，常常没有直接的主题句。这时需要自行概括。【示例】【2025年真题模拟】原文结尾段："Thatdayattheanimalshelter,Ididn'tjustgainapet;Ilearnedthattruecompanionshipisaboutpatience,understanding,andawillingnesstoopenyourheart.ItwasalessonIwouldcarryfarbeyondthosewalls."分析：此结尾段即为全文的主题句。它清楚地表明，文章的主旨不是“领养宠物”这个事件本身，而是通过这个事件学到的“关于陪伴的人生道理”。4.中考记叙文常考标题归纳题型最佳标题是文章主旨的“精炼版”，应具备以下三大特征：（1）概括——准确而又简短;（2）针对性——标题外延正好与文章内容相符;（3）题目——能引发读者的阅读欲望。解题方法串连要素法：通读全文后，在心中或用笔简要串联故事的主要人物、核心事件和最终结果/启示。寻找复现词：注意在文章中反复出现的关键名词、动词或短语，它们往往是核心话题。把握情感基调：记叙文的标题常带有一定的情感色彩或哲理意味。是温暖、励志、遗憾还是引人深思？逆向检验法：假想自己以这个选项为标题来写文章，看其是否能够涵盖本文的全部核心内容。【典例】【2025年重庆卷】Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheLifeofaFace-changingPerformer.B.AnIntroductiontoChuanOpera.C.Face-changing:TheMagicandCultureofChuanOpera.D.HowtoLearnFace-changingSkills.原文片段："Face-changing,themostmagicalandsymbolicartform,liesattheveryheartofChuanOpera,captivatingaudiencesnotjustwithitsspeedbutwithitsdeepculturalstories."【解析】【解析】文章不仅介绍了变脸技艺本身，更着重于其背后蕴含的巴蜀文化内涵以及现代表演艺术的创新价值。因此，C选项全面涵盖了“技艺”（Magic）和“文化”（Culture）两个核心层面。而A、B、D选项都只涉及了文章的某一个侧面。Passage1（2025·辽宁盘锦·二模）Arethereanyenvironmentalproblemsinyourcity?Whatcausesthem?Aretherewaystostopthem?Onewintermorning,TapiwaChiwewewasdrivingtoworkinJohannesburg,SouthAfrica.Henoticedahaze(薄雾)hangingoverthecityanditdidn’ttakelongforhimtorealizethatitwasahugecloudofairpollution.Atthatmoment,Chiwewefeltitnecessarytodosomethingaboutit,butdidn’tknowwhat.Hewasacomputerengineerandknewlittleaboutenvironmentalscience.Hefirstdidresearchonairpollutionandfoundthatitistheworld’sbiggestenvironmentalhealthrisk.Hedecidedtoworkonitinacooperative(合作的)way.Hetalkedtoscientists,officials,andengineerswhohelpedhimdevelopadeeperunderstandingofthesituation,aswellasanideatoimproveit.Throughyearsofwork,Chiweweandhisco-workersfromSouthAfricaandChinacreatedanonlineairqualitydecisionsupportsystem.Basedonhistoricalandreal-timedata,thesystemcanpredictairpollutionandairquality,whichcanhelppeoplemakebetterdecisionsabouttheirdailymovements,aswellashelpofficialsbettermanagetheiroperations.Chiwewelearnedanimportantlesson—alessonweallneedtotakeintoheartifwearetoworktowardsabetterfuture.“Evenifyou’renotanexpertinaparticularfield,youroutsideexpertise(专业知识)mayholdthekeytosolvingproblemswithinthatfield,”hesaid.WhatifChiwewehadn’tresearchedtheproblemanddosomethingaboutit?Whatifhehadjusthopedthatsomeone,somewhere,wastakingcareofthematter?AsChiwewesaid,“Whynotjustgoaheadanddealwiththeproblemaswellasyoucan,inyourownway?Youmaybepleasantlysurprised.”1．TapiwaChiweweworkedin________.A．China B．America C．SouthAfrica D．Japan2．WhatwasTapiwaChiwewe’sjob?A．Hewasateacher. B．Hewasacomputerengineer.C．Hewasadoctor. D．Hewasascientist.3．Chiwewefoundthat________istheworld’sbiggestenvironmentalhealthrisk.A．waterpollution B．landpollution C．airpollution D．lightpollution4．Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A．Chiweweisapersonwithasenseofsocialresponsibility.B．Chiweweknewmoreaboutenvironmentalscience.C．Chiweweworkedonairpollutionbyhimself.D．Thesystemcanreduceairpollution.【答案】1．C2．B3．C4．A【导语】本文主要讲述塔皮瓦·奇威韦在南非约翰内斯堡意识到空气污染问题。他和他的南非及中国同事们创建了一个在线空气质量决策支持系统，他鼓励人们主动解决问题，可能会有意想不到的收获。1．细节理解题。根据第二段“TapiwaChiwewewasdrivingtoworkinJohannesburg,SouthAfrica.”可知，他在南非工作，故选C。2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Hewasacomputerengineer...”可知，他是电脑工程师，故选B。3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Hefirstdidresearchonairpollutionandfoundthatitistheworld’sbiggestenvironmentalhealthrisk.”中的“it”指代前文的空气污染，故选C。4．推理判断题。Chiwewe关注空气污染并采取行动，体现他有社会责任感，故选A。Passage2（2025·宁夏吴忠·二模）YangZhiyang,a23-year-oldboy,hasinspiredmanyyoungpeopleasheworksfull-timetotakecareofhismother,whohasALS(渐冻症).Yang’smotherhadthediseasein2012.Yang,then10,tookcareofhismother.Becauseofthedisease,hismotherneedshelpwithalmosteverything.Sheneedstobecarriedupanddownthestairs.Shealsohasdifficultyinspeaking.Shecanstilltypeonhermobilephone,butmostofthetime,shechoosestocommunicatewithhersoninanotherway.“MymotherandIuseeyesformostofourcommunication,”Yangsays.“Forexample,whenshewantstosleep,sheuseshereyestoshowthatsheistired,andsheturnsherheadtowardsthebedroom.Andwhensheneedswater,shewilllookatthewatercuponthetable.”Formanythings,Yanghastobeverycareful,includinghelpinghermotherbatheandusethetoilet.Thoughtheworkisdifficult,Yangenjoysallthetimehespendswithhismother.Hewillbearoundhereverytimesheexercises.Tomakeitmorefun,heoftensingstoher.“PeoplewithALSareeasilytiredandoftenstopexercising.Iwanttofindwaystohelpherdomoretraining,”Yangsays.Yang’sloveforhismotherhastouchedmanypeople.ButYangsaysit’sonlynaturalthatheshouldtakecareofhismother.“Mymotherraisedme.I’mjustdoingwhatasonshoulddo,”hesays.5．WhatcanweknowaboutYang’smotherfromparagraph2?A．Sheisverytiredandwantstogiveup. B．Shealmostcan’tdoanythingbyherself.C．Shehasnoproblemspeakingwithherson. D．Shealwaysuseshermobilephonetocommunicate.6．HowdoYangandhismothermostlycommunicatewitheachother?A．Bywritingonthepaper. B．Bymakingphonecalls.C．Byusingeyestocommunicate. D．Bytypingonthecomputer.7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph4referto?A．Bathing. B．Sleeping. C．Drinkingwater. D．Doingexercise.8．Thewriterwritesthepassageto________.A．describeamedicalproblem B．showhowtofightwithALSC．tellthestoryofaboyandhismother D．askreaderstocareaboutpeoplewithALS【答案】5．B6．C7．D8．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了23岁的杨志洋因母亲2012年患渐冻症，自10岁起便全职照顾母亲，母亲几乎事事需协助，二人多靠眼神交流，杨志洋精心照料母亲，陪其锻炼还唱歌增添乐趣，他认为照顾母亲是儿子应做之事，其事迹感动众人。5．细节理解题。根据“Becauseofthedisease,hismotherneedshelpwithalmosteverything.”可知，他的母亲几乎什么事都不能自己做。故选B。6．细节理解题。根据“MymotherandIuseeyesformostofourcommunication”可知，杨志洋和他妈妈主要用眼神交流。故选C。7．词义猜测题。根据“Hewillbearoundhereverytimesheexercises.Tomakeitmorefun,heoftensingstoher.”可知，此处表示为了让锻炼变得更有趣，他经常唱歌给她听，因此“it”指的是“做锻炼”。故选D。8．写作意图题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了23岁的杨志洋全职照顾患渐冻症的母亲的故事，所以作者写这篇文章是为了讲述一个男孩和他母亲的故事。故选C。Passage3（2025·安徽黄山·二模）WhenIbecameajunior,IdecidedtotakeLatin(拉丁文)atschool.Iwassoexcitedandreallyexpectedtolearnitwell.However,theLatinclassturnedouttobequiteboring.Eachday,MrKeady,theteacher,wouldaskustoopenourbooksandreadaloudtheLatinformsofwords.Thiswasthewayhetaughtuseveryday.Thatwasuntiloneafternoonwhen,onceagain,wewereaskedtoopenourbooks,andIdecidedtospeakup.WhenMrKeadyaskedwhatwaswrong,IexplainedwhyIfoundhisclassboring,howIhadexpectedmore,andthathisteachingmethodseemedold-fashioned.WhenIfinishedspeaking,IexpectedMrKeadytoangrilysendmetotheheadteacher.Tomysurprise,hesatathisdeskquietly,lookingdisappointedandtired.Afteramomentofsilence,MrKeadyspoke.HequietlysaidthathewouldthinkcarefullyaboutwhatIhadsaid.Andthatwasit.Inthefollowingweeks,theLatinclassdidn’tbecometheexcitinglearningenvironmentIhadhopedfor,butMrKeadydidtryhardertointerestusinhisclasses.MaybesomepeoplewouldpraisewhatIdid,butevensomanyyearslater,Ifeelbadaboutit.IfIsawhimnow,IwouldtellhimhowmuchIregrettedwhatI’ddonethatdayinclass.Iwouldalsotellhimthathetaughtmeawonderfullessonthatday.Followingmyunkindwords,MrKeadyshowedmethatbeingwoundeddoesn’tmeanyouhavetogiveawayyourdignity(尊严),andthatnoone—noone—cantakeitawayfromyou.9．HowdidtheLatinclassturnoutforthewriter?A．Exciting. B．Boring. C．Challenging. D．Fashionable.10．WhatdidKeadydoafterthewritertalkedtohim?A．Hegotangryandtoldtheheadteacher. B．Hesaidnothinguntiltheclassended.C．Helookedsadandthoughtaboutit. D．Hepromisedtoimprovehisteaching.11．Howdoesthewriterfeelabouttheeventnow?A．Disappointedatthechanges. B．Happytogetpraised.C．Woundedbytheteacher. D．Regretfulaboutwhatwassaid.12．Whatlessondidthewriterlearnfromtheexperience?A．Onecanalwaysholdontotheirdignity. B．Unkindwordscansometimeswork.C．Honestcommunicationisimportant. D．Don’ttrytoteachteacherslessons.【答案】9．B10．C11．D12．A【导语】本文主要讲述了作者上学时的一段经历及感悟。9．细节理解题。根据“However,theLatinclassturnedouttobequiteboring.”可知，作者一开始期待学好，但实际课程枯燥，每天只是重复朗读单词的拉丁语形式。故选B。10．细节理解题。根据“IexpectedMrKeadytoangrilysendmetotheheadteacher.

Tomysurprise,hesatathisdeskquietly,lookingdisappointedandtired...HequietlysaidthathewouldthinkcarefullyaboutwhatIhadsaid.Andthatwasit.”可知，MrKeady安静坐着，显得失望和疲惫，沉默片刻后说会仔细考虑作者的话。故选C。11．细节理解题。根据“butevensomanyyearslater,Ifeelbadaboutit.IfIsawhimnow,IwouldtellhimhowmuchIregrettedwhatI’ddonethatdayinclass.”可知，多年后，作者感到后悔，想道歉。故选D。12．细节理解题。根据“MrKeadyshowedmethatbeingwoundeddoesn’tmeanyouhavetogiveawayyourdignity(尊严),andthatnoone—noone—cantakeitawayfromyou.”可知，老师教作者，受伤时不必放弃尊严，无人能夺走尊严。故选A。Passage4（2025·江西宜春·一模）ShiMingleadsaninterestinglife.Byday,sheisagentletraditionalChinesemedicinedoctor.ShehelpsherpatientsrelaxandfeelbetteratahospitalinKunming.ButwhenshestepsintotheMMAring(综合格斗擂台),shechangesintoafighter.Shi’sjourneyofmartialarts(武术)beganattheageof13.Shestartedlearningtaekwondobecauseshethoughttheuniformsandkickswerecool.Later,shecameacrossMMAwhilestudyingincollege.Thesportcaughtherinterest,andshetrainedevenharder.Herhardworkpaidoffwhensheenteredthe“RoadtoUFC”competitionandwon.ThisvictoryearnedheraplaceintheUFC’sstrawweightdivision(草量级),whereshenowcompeteswithwell-knownfighterslikeZhangWeili.EventhoughShiissmallerthanmanyofheropponents,sheisnotafraid.Hercoach,BagherAmanolahi,hashelpedherdeveloptherightplansandskillsoversixyearsofnonstoptraining.Thistraininggavehertheconfidencetowin,anditsurprisedmanypeoplewhensheachievedsuchsuccess,includingherparentswhowereamazedbyherMMAperformanceinMacauandproudofherachievements.ShiissetoncontinuingherjourneyinMMA．Shewantstowinaworldchampionshipandsheisreadytoputhermedicalcareeronholdtoreachthisgoal.Sheknowsthatwithhardworkandtherightmindset,shecansucceed.“AlotoffriendsworryaboutmeintheOctagon,becauseIamsmall,evenforthisdivision,andIhavebadeyesight,”saidShi,whohastowearglasseswhenshe’snotfighting.“ButintheOctagon,Iamtheboss.Idecidehowthematchisgoingtogoandhowthefightisgoingtobe.”13．WhatdoesShiMingdointhedaytime?A．Adoctor. B．Apatient. C．Afighter. D．Anurse.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“opponents”inParagraph3mean?A．Coaches. B．Competitors. C．Patients. D．Friends.15．PuttheeventsaboutShiMingintothecorrectorderaccordingtothepassage.a.ShefirstshowedinterestinMMA． b.Shebegantolearntaekwondo.c.HerMMAperformanceinMacaosurprisedherparents. d.Sheenteredthe“RoadtoUFC”competitionandwon.e.SheissetoncontinuingherMMAjourneytowinaworldchampionship.A．b-a-d-c-e B．c-b-a-e-d C．c-b-d-a-e D．c-b-a-c-d16．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．ADayintheHospital B．AYoungMartialArtsFan C．FromDoctortoFighter D．TheChallengesofBeinganMMAFighter17．WhatisShiMinglikeaccordingtothepassage?A．Polite,talentedandhumorous. B．Quiet,smartandhonest. C．Creative,caringandfriendly. D．Brave,hard-workingandconfident.【答案】13．A14．B15．A16．C17．D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了施茗白天是昆明一家医院的温柔中医师，晚上则变身综合格斗擂台上的战士。她13岁开始学习跆拳道，后来在大学接触到综合格斗并产生浓厚兴趣，通过不懈努力在“RoadtoUFC”比赛中获胜，进入UFC草量级比赛。尽管体型小于对手，但她凭借六年不懈训练和教练的指导，在擂台上展现出自信与实力，令父母惊叹。她决心继续格斗生涯，目标是赢得世界冠军。13．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Byday,sheisagentletraditionalChinesemedicinedoctor.”可知，施茗白天是一名中医医生。故选A。14．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“EventhoughShiissmallerthanmanyofheropponents,sheisnotafraid.”以及后文提到她在综合格斗比赛中与知名选手竞争，可以推断“opponents”意为“对手，竞争者”。故选B。15．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Shi’sjourneyofmartialarts(武术)beganattheageof13.Shestartedlearningtaekwondobecauseshethoughttheuniformsandkickswerecool.”可知，她先开始学习跆拳道，即b；根据“Later,shecameacrossMMAwhilestudyingincollege.Thesportcaughtherinterest”可知，后来她对MMA产生兴趣，即a；根据“Herhardworkpaidoffwhensheenteredthe‘RoadtoUFC’competitionandwon.”可知，之后她进入“RoadtoUFC”比赛并获胜，即d；根据第三段“itsurprisedmanypeoplewhensheachievedsuchsuccess,includingherparentswhowereamazedbyherMMAperformanceinMacau”可知，她在澳门的MMA表现让父母很惊讶，即c；根据第四段“ShiissetoncontinuingherjourneyinMMA.Shewantstowinaworldchampionship”可知，最后她决心继续MMA之旅，赢得世界冠军，即e。所以正确的顺序是b-a-d-c-e。故选A。16．最佳标题题。根据文章第一段“Byday,sheisagentletraditionalChinesemedicinedoctor.ShehelpsherpatientsrelaxandfeelbetteratahospitalinKunming.ButwhenshestepsintotheMMAring(综合格斗擂台),shechangesintoafighter.”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了施茗从中医医生到综合格斗战士的转变，所以最佳标题是“FromDoctortoFighter”。故选C。17．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“EventhoughShiissmallerthanmanyofheropponents,sheisnotafraid.”可知，施茗虽然比很多对手小，但她不害怕，说明她很勇敢；根据第二段“Herhardworkpaidoffwhensheenteredthe‘RoadtoUFC’competitionandwon.”可知，她通过努力训练在比赛中获胜，说明她很勤奋；根据第三段“Thistraininggavehertheconfidencetowin”可知，训练给了她获胜的信心，说明她很自信。所以施茗是勇敢、勤奋和自信的。故选D。Passage5（2025·江西赣州·一模）PoyangLake,China’slargestwinteringareaformigratory(迁徙的)birds,welcomeshundredsofthousandsofseasonalvisitorseachyear.LiChunru,a78-year-oldmanfromDongzilivillageinJiangxi,China,hasbeentakingcareofinjuredbirdsthereforover40years.Onestormydayin1982,Lifoundmanyfallenbirdnestswithchicksstrugglingontheground.Hetookabout500injured(受伤的)chickshome.Thoughhewasonlyafarmeratthetime,hehadtheexperienceoflearningatalocalmedicalschoolinJiujiang.Withtheknowledge,hewasabletosaveabout300ofthem.ItmadeLiloveprotectingbirds.In2012,heboughtanoldhousefor30,000yuanandspentabout100,000yuanonrenovations(翻新).Thenhemadeitintoahelpcenterformigratorybirds.Li’seffortstoprotectbirds,however,havealsolefthimwithafewscars(伤疤)andstories.Hewashurtbypoachers(偷猎者)twiceandbittenbyadangeroussnake.Hesaidhecouldn’trememberhowmanytimeshehadfallenoverandhurthimselfwhilewalkingaroundtosavethebirds.ButLineverthoughtofgivingup.Today,PoyangLakeismuchcleanerandgreener.Eachyear,about750,000migratorybirdsvisitthelake.“I’mmorethanhappytospendtherestofmylifeprotectingthesebeautifulmigratorybirds”,saidLi.18．WhendidLiChunrustarttoloveprotectingbirds?A．In1946. B．In1982. C．In1998. D．In2012.19．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph3referto?A．Theexperienceoffindingmanyfallenbirds. B．Theexperienceoflearningatalocalmedicalschool.C．Theexperienceofsavinginjuredchicks. D．Theexperienceofsettingupahelpcenterforbirds.20．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeLiChunru?A．Kindandhelpful. B．Strictbutbrave.C．Youngandfamous. D．Shybutfriendly.21．Accordingtothelastparagraph,itisclearthat________.A．PoyangLakeismuchbiggerandmorebeautiful B．TherearemanyinjuredbirdsinPoyangLakeC．LiChunruistoooldtoprotectmigratorybirds D．LiChunruisstillworkingforprotectingmigratorybirds22．What’sthebesttitleofthispassage?A．PoyangLake,aGoodPlaceforBirds. B．ADoctorforMigratoryBirdsonPoyangLake.C．ALifelongProtectorfortheMigratoryBirdsonPoyangLake.D．TheImportanceofProtectingMigratoryBirdsonPoyangLake.【答案】18．B19．C20．A21．D22．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了鄱阳湖义务候鸟养护员李春如竭尽全力拯救候鸟的故事。18．细节理解题。根据“Onestormydayin1982,Lifoundmanyfallenbirdnestswithchicksstrugglingontheground.Hetookabout500injured(受伤的)chickshome.”可知，他的护鸟行动是在1982年开始。故选B。19．词句猜测题。根据画线词前的“Hetookabout500injured(受伤的)chickshome…Withtheknowledge,hewasabletosaveabout300ofthem.”可知，前文提到了他救助了雏鸟，因此“it”指的就是“救助受伤雏鸟的这段经历”。故选C。20．推理判断题。根据“Hetookabout500injured(受伤的)chickshome.”以及“In2012,heboughtanoldhousefor30,000yuanandspentabout100,000yuanonrenovations(翻新).Thenhemadeitintoahelpcenterformigratorybirds.”可知，李春如发现受伤鸟类会带回家治疗，并自费改建房屋做救护中心，由此可见他心地善良并乐于助人。故选A。21．推理判断题。根据“I’mmorethanhappytospendtherestofmylifeprotectingthesebeautifulmigratorybirds”可知，最后一段写道李春如表示“很乐意用余生来保护这些候鸟”，说明他至今仍在从事保护候鸟的工作。故选D。22．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章重点是介绍李春如毕生保护鄱阳湖候鸟的义举，选项C最能点明主题。故选C。Passage6（2025·四川雅安·一模）Once,afatherandhissonwenttoakiteflyingfestival.Thesonwasveryexcitedtoseeallthecolorfulkitesintheskyandaskedhisfathertobuyhimone.Tomakehimhappy,thefatherwenttoanearbyshopattheparkandbought