专题05 阅读技巧与题材归类：不同文体（记叙、说明、议论）的阅读方法与常见设问方式（知识清单广东专用）（原卷版及全解全析）

/专题05阅读技巧与题材归类：不同文体（记叙、说明、议论）的阅读方法与常见设问方式一、记叙文阅读技巧1.抓住六要素：时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)、事件(what)、原因(why)、结果(how)2.理清叙事线索：时间顺序、空间顺序、事件发展顺序3.分析人物特征：通过语言、动作、心理描写分析人物性格4.理解环境描写：社会环境描写和自然环境描写的作用5.把握情节发展：开端(beginning)、发展(development)、高潮(climax)、结局(ending)6.体会作者情感：通过细节描写体会作者态度和情感倾向7.注意修辞手法：比喻(simile)、拟人(personification)、排比(parallelism)等8.理解文章主旨：通过整体阅读把握文章中心思想重要短语：plotdevelopment情节发展characteranalysis人物分析mainidea主旨intheend最后turnout结果是常见设问方式：1.Whatisthemainideaofthestory?2.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?3.Howdidthecharacterfeelwhen...?4.Whathappenedintheend?5.Whydidthecharacterdo...?6.Whatistherelationshipbetween...?7.Wheredidthestorytakeplace?8.Whatwouldprobablyhappennext?二、说明文阅读技巧1.抓住说明对象：明确文章说明的事物或事理2.理清说明顺序：时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序3.掌握说明方法：举例子(exemplification)、列数字(statistics)、作比较(comparison)、分类别(classification)4.理解文章结构：总分式、并列式、递进式等结构特点5.把握事物特征：通过关键词语把握说明对象的特征6.注意语言特点：准确、严谨、客观的语言风格7.分析段落关系：段落之间的逻辑联系8.理解专业术语：结合上下文理解专业词汇的含义重要短语：forexample例如suchas比如inotherwords换句话说thatistosay也就是说accordingto根据常见设问方式：1.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?2.Whatisthemainfeatureof...?3.Howdoestheauthorexplain...?4.Whatisthecorrectorderof...?5.Whatmethoddoestheauthoruseto...?6.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmean?7.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?8.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?三、议论文阅读技巧1.找出中心论点：明确作者的观点和主张2.识别论据类型：事实论据、数据论据、理论论据3.分析论证方法：举例论证、对比论证、因果论证4.理解论证结构：提出问题、分析问题、解决问题5.把握作者态度：支持(support)、反对(oppose)、中立(neutral)6.识别连接词语：表示因果、转折、递进等关系的词语7.分析段落功能：引言段、正文段、结论段的作用8.评估论证效果：论据是否充分，论证是否合理重要短语：inmyopinion在我看来frommyperspective从我的角度来看ontheonehand一方面ontheotherhand另一方面inconclusion总之常见设问方式：1.Whatistheauthor'smainargument?2.Whatevidencedoestheauthorprovide?3.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowards...?4.Withwhichstatementwouldtheauthoragree?5.Whatisthepurposeofthe...paragraph?6.Howdoestheauthorsupporthisargument?7.Whatconclusioncanwedrawfromthepassage?8.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?四、实用文体阅读技巧1.应用文：注意格式特征和实用目的2.新闻报道：抓住5W1H要素3.广告宣传：识别宣传目的和说服技巧4.科技文章：理解专业术语和科学概念5.图表数据：分析数据趋势和相互关系6.说明书：注意操作步骤和使用注意事项7.书信邮件：理解写信目的和情感态度8.公告通知：抓住关键信息和具体要求重要短语：dueto由于asaresult结果inaddition另外forinstance例如insummary总之常见设问方式：1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?2.Whoistheintendedaudience?3.Whatshouldyoudoif...?4.Whatinformationcanyougetfromthechart?5.Whatisthedeadlinefor...?6.Howcanyoucontact...?7.Whatistheadvantageof...?8.Wherewouldyouprobablyseethispassage?五、阅读解题核心技巧1.快速浏览(skimming)：快速阅读获取大意2.扫读(scanning)：寻找特定信息3.猜测词义(guessingmeaning)：通过上下文猜测生词4.理解指代(understandingreference)：弄清代词所指内容5.推理判断(makinginferences)：根据已知信息进行推理6.理解隐含意思(understandingimpliedmeaning)：理解言外之意7.识别写作目的(identifyingpurpose)：识别作者的写作意图8.评价文章(evaluatingthepassage)：评价文章的可信度和价值重要句式：Thepassagemainlydiscusses...文章主要讨论...Theauthor'sattitudeis...作者的态度是...Itcanbeinferredthat...可以推断出...Theword"..."probablymeans..."..."这个词可能意思是...Thepurposeofthepassageisto...文章的目的是...一、根据所给词的适当形式填空1.Thenovelissaid________(translate)intomorethan20languages.2.Notonly________(be)heagreatscientist,buthewasalsoatalentedmusician.3.Ifit________(rain)tomorrow,thesportsmeetwillbepostponed.4.Theproblemrequires________(deal)withimmediately.5.Itisessentialthattheplan________(carry)outsmoothly.6.Bythetimeheretires,he________(work)forthiscompanyfor40years.7.Theboywaslastseen________(play)neartheriver.8.Sodifficult________theexamthatmanystudentsfailed.9.I'dratheryou________(nottell)himthenewsyesterday.10.Thebuilding________(construct)nowwillbeanewlibrary.11.Hardly________hebeguntospeakwhentheaudienceinterruptedhim.12.It'snouse________(cry)overspiltmilk.13.Thenumberofstudentsinthisschool________(be)increasingsteadily.14.WereIinyourposition,I________(accept)theoffer.15.Thebookiswellworth________(read)asecondtime.16.Nosooner________theannouncement________(make)thanprotestsbegan.17.Heobjectedto________(treat)likeachild.18.ItisthefirsttimethatI________(visit)thiscity.19.Onlybypracticingconstantly________youimproveyourEnglish.20.Ifeellike________(go)forawalkafterdinner.二、选择题1.________theprojectintime,weworkeddayandnight.A.FinishingB.TofinishC.FinishedD.Finish【答案】B2.Ifhe________myadvice,hewouldn'tbeintroublenow.A.tookB.hastakenC.hadtakenD.takes3.Notuntilmidnight________working.A.didhestopB.hestoppedC.stoppedheD.hedidstop4.Thehousewants________,butwecan'tafforditatpresent.A.torepairB.repairingC.repairedD.beingrepaired5.Itisrequiredthateverystudent________thesafetyrules.A.obeysB.obeyC.willobeyD.hasobeyed6.Bynextyear,she________hereforfiveyears.A.willworkB.willhaveworkedC.hasworkedD.works7.Soexcited________thathecouldn'tfallasleep.A.washeB.hewasC.didheD.hedid8.Iremember________himatthepartylastnight.A.toseeB.seeingC.seeD.saw9.Hadyouarrivedearlier,you________thefamousscientist.A.wouldmeetB.wouldhavemetC.metD.hadmet10.Never________suchabeautifulsunsetbefore.A.IhaveseenB.haveIseenC.IsawD.didIsee11.Theteacherdoesn'tpermit________intheclassroom.A.smokeB.tosmokeC.smokingD.smoked12.It'stimewe________tobed.A.goB.wentC.willgoD.havegone13.Onlywhenyouhavetriedityourself________howdifficultitis.A.youwillknowB.willyouknowC.youknowD.doyouknow14.Thefilmisworth________twice.A.toseeB.seeingC.seeD.seen15.Ifit________foryourhelp,Iwouldn'thavesucceeded.A.wasnotB.werenotC.hadnotbeenD.hasnotbeen16.Little________abouthisownsafetyatthattime.A.doeshecareB.hecaredC.didhecareD.hecares17.Isuggestthatwe________ameetingtodiscusstheproblem.A.holdB.heldC.willholdD.haveheld18.Thequestionistoodifficult________.A.toanswerB.answeringC.answeredD.tobeanswered19.Notasingleword________whenheheardthebadnews.A.didhesayB.hesaidC.saidheD.doeshesay20.Heisconsidering________anewcar.A.tobuyB.buyC.buyingD.bought三、阅读理解A（2025年全国普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语（模拟卷02））TheFIFAWorldCupcametoanendinDecember2022.ButtheloveforsoccerisstillverymuchaliveandwellinZibo,ShandongProvince.Ziboiscalled“thehomeofsoccerball”.It’sthebirthplaceoftheancientChinesesportofcuju.In2004,cujuwontherecognitionofFIFA—soccer’sgoverningbody—astheearliestformofsoccer.TheChinesecharactercumeanstokick.Jumeansanancienttypeofleatherball.Ithasfeathers(羽毛)orgrainchaff(谷糠)inside.TheancientChinesehistoricaltextZhanGuoCesayscujuwasaformofamusementamongcommonpeople.ButduringtheHanDynasty,soldiersplayedcujuforarmytraining.DuringtheTangDynasty,womenplayedcujuattheroyalcourt(朝廷)fortheamusementoftheemperors.ItenteredthegoldenageintheSongDynastywhenitbecamepopularamongeveryclass.Yet,the2,000-year-oldgameslowlygotoutofpeople’slivesduringtheMingDynasty.LiWeipeng,34,fromLinzidistrictofZibocity,isaseventh-generationinheritor(传承人)ofcuju.Hehasbeenpracticingcujuskillsfor18years.Masteringdifferentcujuskillsisnoteasy.“Atthebeginning,Ispenteighthoursadaypracticingjuggling(颠球)aball.Itwastiring,”LitoldChinaDaily.Henowcanjuggleaballwithhisfootover10,000timesinarow.TeachingstudentscujumovesisapartofLi’sjob.ThetraditionalChinesesportcujuisnowpopularatprimaryandmiddleschoolsinLinzi.“Studentsshowgreatinterestinplayingcuju.Itencouragesmetopromotetheancientsport,”Lisaid.1．WhyisZibocalled“thehomeofsoccerball”?A．Becausecujuwasbornthere. B．Becausepeopletherelovesoccer.C．BecausethereisabranchofFIFA． D．Becausemodernsoccerbeganthere.2．WhatisthemainideaofParagraph2?A．Thewayofmakingcuju. B．Thedevelopmentofcuju.C．Thevalueofcujutotheworld. D．ThepopularityofcujuamongtheChinese.3．IntheMingDynasty,cuju_______.A．wasusedtotrainsoldiers B．wasenjoyedbytheemperorsC．becamepopularamongwomen D．slowlydisappearedinpeople’slives4．WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutLiWeipeng?A．Heistheonlyinheritorofcuju.B．Hethinksiteasytolearncujuskills.C．Henowpractisescujueighthoursaday.D．Hepassesdowncujuskillstotheyoungergeneration.5．Whatthebesttitleforthepassage?A．Zibo—acityofsoccerfans B．Cuju—itsyesterdayandtodayC．Soccer—apopularsportinChina D．LiWeipeng—adevotedinstructorofcujuB（2026年广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语（模拟卷01））Earthquakesaresomethingthatpeoplefear.Therearesomeplacesthathavefeworearthquakes.Mostplacesintheworld,however,havethemregularly.Countriesthathaveaofearthquakesareusuallyquitemountainous.Themost-talked-aboutearthquakeintheUnitedStateswasinSanFranciscoin1906.Over700peoplediedinit.ThestrongestoneinNorthAmericawasin1964.IthappenedinAlaska.Strongearthquakesarenotalwaystheonesthatkillthemostpeople.In1755,oneofthestrongestearthquakeseverrecordedwasfeltinPortugal.Around2,000peopledied.In1923,averystrongearthquakehitTokyo,YokohamaareaofJapan.140,000peopledied.Mostofthemdiedinfireswhichfollowedtheearthquake.OneoftheworstearthquakeseverwasinChinain1976.Itkilledalargenumberofpeople.TheworstearthquakeeverreportedwasalsoinChina,inwhich830,000peoplewerekilled.Thisearthquakehappenedin1556.Earthquakesworrypeoplealot.Thereasonisthatweoftendonotknowwhentheearthquakesarecoming,andpeoplecannotprepareforthembeforehand.6．HowmanypeoplediedintheearthquakeinPortugal?A．About2,000. B．Around90,000. C．Over830,000. D．Above700.7．Whichwastheworstearthquakeeverreported?A．Portugal,1755. B．Japan,1923. C．China,1056. D．America,1906.8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“beforehand”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Forsure. B．Withcare. C．Byhand. D．Inadvance.9．Peopleoftenworryabouttheearthquakesbecause________.A．weoftendonotknowwhentheearthquakesarecomingB．peoplecannotprepareforthembeforehand.C．bothAandBD．strongearthquakesoftenkillthemostpeople.10．Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Earthquakesarenotlikelytocausebigfires.B．Earthquakesoftenhitpeopleunexpectedly.C．Mountainouscountrieshavenoearthquakes.D．Strongearthquakesoftenkillthemostpeople.C（2024-2025学年度广东省春季高考英语模拟试题）Imaginethatthebatteryonyourmobilephonehasrunout.Youcan’tmakeanycallsforhelpandnoonecancontactyou.Youareallalone,andwell,notquite.Justreachintoyourpocketandtakeoutapieceofsugar.Putitintothebattery,waitaminuteandyouarebackonthephone.ThankstoacoupleofAmericanscientists,thissituationcouldbecomereal.SwadeshChaudhuriandDerekLovelyhaveinventedthe“bacteria(细菌)battery”.Thiskindofbatterygetsitspowerfrombacteriathateatsugarandturnitintoelectricity.“Thisisaspecialorganism(有机体),”Lovelysaid.“Youcangetenoughelectricitytopoweracellphonebatteryforaboutfourdaysfromaspoonfulofsugar.”Inthepast,bacteriabatterieshavebeenexpensiveandnotlong-lasting.Butthisbatteryusesamoreefficientbacteriumthatcanturn80percentofsugarintoelectricalenergy.Thisis30percentmorethansimilarbatteriescanmanage.Thebacteriabatterycouldbecomeassmallasahouseholdbattery.Itisalsocheapandstable(稳定的),becausesugarcanbetakenfromwasteandcrops.Butthesugar-to-electricityprocessisnotsatisfactoryasitcouldtakeweeksforthebacteriatochangeacupofsugarintoelectricity.Anditproduces“greenhouse”gaseswhichpollutetheenvironment.Thescientistsunderstandthereisalotmoreworktobedone.“Itisstillyoung,”saidLovely.“Wherewearenowiswheresolarpowerwas20or30yearsago.”Healsobelievesthebatterywillbeusedinscientificequipmentatthebottomoftheocean.Ocher’sideasincludeusingsugarinthebloodtorunmedicaldevicesinthehumanbodyandtakingsugarfromanimalwastetoprovideenergytopowerhomesinthecountryside.11．What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A．Aneffectivewaytorepairthemobilephone. B．Ascientificinventionofanewtypeofbattery.C．Acleanenergytoreducethecarbondioxide. D．Anewkindofmobilephoneanditsfuture.12．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheadvantageofthenewly-developedbattery?A．Convenient. B．Stable. C．Inexpensive. D．Quick.13．Whichofthefollowingarethescientistsworkingontoimprovethenewbattery?A．Increasethebacteria. B．Solvethepollutionproblem.C．Bringdowntheprice. D．Changethesizeofthebattery.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceactuallymean?A．Thebacteriabatterysharessomesimilaritieswithsolarenergy.B．Scientistswillcontinuetheirworkuntiltheyfindsolarpower.C．Thereisstillmuchroomfortheimprovementofthebacteriabattery.D．Thebacteriabatterywillbeaspopularassolarpowerintwentyorthirtyyears.15．Accordingtothelastparagraph,whowillfindthebacteriabatterylessuseful?A．Divers. B．Farmers. C．Doctors. D．Cooks.四、完形填空D（2025年全国普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语（模拟卷02））OneSundaymorninginJune,mymotherwalkedintomyroom.“Surprise!”shesaid,proudlyholdingupayellow__1___withblackandwhitestripes.“Imadeitjustforyou.Whatdoyouthink?”Ibitmytongue.HowcouldItellMumitwasthe___2__dressIhadeverseen?“It’sperfectforchurch,”mothercontinuedhappily.“Iwish___3__hadmadeadresslikethisforme.”Toobadyoucan’twearit,Ithought.ButIknewMumhadspentalotoftimeonthedress.Onlytheworld’smostungratefuldaughterwouldrefuse.UnwillinglyI__4___thedress.AllthroughchurchIprayed,“Lord,letmegetoutofhere___5__anyoneseeingme.”EspeciallyDennisPearce,theboyIhadacrush*on.HewasoneofthecutestboysatNeptuneHighSchool.__6___wewereinsomeofthesameclasses,Dennishad___7__takenanynoticeofme.EverytimeIgotnearhim,Ibecametongue-tied.Attheendoftheservice,Ihurriedtothedoor.ButIhadtowaitonthestepswhilemyparentschattedwith___8__friends.Justalittlewhilelonger…ThenoutofthecornerofmyeyeIsawthePearcecoming.BeforeIcould___9__,Denniswasrightbesideme.Istartedtalkingamileaminute,hopingifIkeptituphewouldn’t__10___myawfuldress.“I’mgoingtocollegeinSeptember,”Isaid.“That’sgreat,”Dennisreplied,“Igotacceptedtopoliceacademy.”Tobea__11___ishisdreamallthetime.“Wow!”Isaid.SomehowIkeptthe__12___going.Soonwewerewalkingtotheparkinglottogether.Wefellinlovethroughcollege,andfinallygotmarried.MonthsafterourweddingIaskedDennis__13___herememberedthedayhehadfirstaskedmeout.“YoubetIdo”,hesaid.“Youwerealways___14__inschool,almostcold-hearted.Ididn’tthinkyou’dbemuchfun.Butyouweresolivelywhenwetalkedonthechurchsteps,Iwantedtogettoknowyou__15___.”Maybethatzebra-stripedyellowdresswasn’twhatIwouldhavechosen,butthatdayitwastheperfectdressforme.1．A．coat B．dress C．skirt D．shirt．A．nicest B．coolest C．ugliest D．cheapest3．A．someone B．anyone C．noone D．everyone4．A．pickup B．takeoff C．puton D．takeup5．A．with B．without C．during D．through6．A．But B．However C．Because D．Although7．A．always B．sometimes C．almost D．never8．A．his B．her C．my D．their9．A．escape B．run C．return D．say10．A．see B．catch C．notice D．find11．A．policeman B．teacher C．pilot D．soldier12．A．words B．speech C．questions D．conversation13．A．when B．why C．if D．how14．A．active B．quiet C．happy D．sad15．A．easier B．worse C．better D．less五、语法填空E阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案转写到答题卡上。（2023届广东省肇庆市香山中学春季高考仿真考试三英语）SowhyhasEnglishchangedovertime?____1____(actual)alllanguageschangeanddevelopwhenculturesmeetandcommunicatewitheachother.AtfirsttheEnglish____2____(speak)inEnglandbetweenaboutAD100and1150wasdifferentfromtheEnglishspokentoday.Itwasbasedmore____3____GermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.ThengraduallybetweenaboutAD800and1150,English____4____(become)lesslikeGermanbecausethose____5____ruledEnglandspokefirstDanishandlaterFrench.Thesenewsettlers____6____(enrich)theEnglishlanguageandespeciallyitsvocabulary.Sobythe1600’sShakespearewasabletomakeuseofa____7____(wide)vocabularythaneverbefore.In1620someBritishsettlersmovedtoAmerica.Laterinthe____8____(eighteen)centurysomeBritishpeople____9____(take)toAustraliatoo.Englishbegantobespokeninboth_____10_____(country).

专题05阅读技巧与题材归类：不同文体（记叙、说明、议论）的阅读方法与常见设问方式一、记叙文阅读技巧1.抓住六要素：时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)、事件(what)、原因(why)、结果(how)2.理清叙事线索：时间顺序、空间顺序、事件发展顺序3.分析人物特征：通过语言、动作、心理描写分析人物性格4.理解环境描写：社会环境描写和自然环境描写的作用5.把握情节发展：开端(beginning)、发展(development)、高潮(climax)、结局(ending)6.体会作者情感：通过细节描写体会作者态度和情感倾向7.注意修辞手法：比喻(simile)、拟人(personification)、排比(parallelism)等8.理解文章主旨：通过整体阅读把握文章中心思想重要短语：plotdevelopment情节发展characteranalysis人物分析mainidea主旨intheend最后turnout结果是常见设问方式：1.Whatisthemainideaofthestory?2.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?3.Howdidthecharacterfeelwhen...?4.Whathappenedintheend?5.Whydidthecharacterdo...?6.Whatistherelationshipbetween...?7.Wheredidthestorytakeplace?8.Whatwouldprobablyhappennext?二、说明文阅读技巧1.抓住说明对象：明确文章说明的事物或事理2.理清说明顺序：时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序3.掌握说明方法：举例子(exemplification)、列数字(statistics)、作比较(comparison)、分类别(classification)4.理解文章结构：总分式、并列式、递进式等结构特点5.把握事物特征：通过关键词语把握说明对象的特征6.注意语言特点：准确、严谨、客观的语言风格7.分析段落关系：段落之间的逻辑联系8.理解专业术语：结合上下文理解专业词汇的含义重要短语：forexample例如suchas比如inotherwords换句话说thatistosay也就是说accordingto根据常见设问方式：1.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?2.Whatisthemainfeatureof...?3.Howdoestheauthorexplain...?4.Whatisthecorrectorderof...?5.Whatmethoddoestheauthoruseto...?6.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmean?7.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?8.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?三、议论文阅读技巧1.找出中心论点：明确作者的观点和主张2.识别论据类型：事实论据、数据论据、理论论据3.分析论证方法：举例论证、对比论证、因果论证4.理解论证结构：提出问题、分析问题、解决问题5.把握作者态度：支持(support)、反对(oppose)、中立(neutral)6.识别连接词语：表示因果、转折、递进等关系的词语7.分析段落功能：引言段、正文段、结论段的作用8.评估论证效果：论据是否充分，论证是否合理重要短语：inmyopinion在我看来frommyperspective从我的角度来看ontheonehand一方面ontheotherhand另一方面inconclusion总之常见设问方式：1.Whatistheauthor'smainargument?2.Whatevidencedoestheauthorprovide?3.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowards...?4.Withwhichstatementwouldtheauthoragree?5.Whatisthepurposeofthe...paragraph?6.Howdoestheauthorsupporthisargument?7.Whatconclusioncanwedrawfromthepassage?8.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?四、实用文体阅读技巧1.应用文：注意格式特征和实用目的2.新闻报道：抓住5W1H要素3.广告宣传：识别宣传目的和说服技巧4.科技文章：理解专业术语和科学概念5.图表数据：分析数据趋势和相互关系6.说明书：注意操作步骤和使用注意事项7.书信邮件：理解写信目的和情感态度8.公告通知：抓住关键信息和具体要求重要短语：dueto由于asaresult结果inaddition另外forinstance例如insummary总之常见设问方式：1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?2.Whoistheintendedaudience?3.Whatshouldyoudoif...?4.Whatinformationcanyougetfromthechart?5.Whatisthedeadlinefor...?6.Howcanyoucontact...?7.Whatistheadvantageof...?8.Wherewouldyouprobablyseethispassage?五、阅读解题核心技巧1.快速浏览(skimming)：快速阅读获取大意2.扫读(scanning)：寻找特定信息3.猜测词义(guessingmeaning)：通过上下文猜测生词4.理解指代(understandingreference)：弄清代词所指内容5.推理判断(makinginferences)：根据已知信息进行推理6.理解隐含意思(understandingimpliedmeaning)：理解言外之意7.识别写作目的(identifyingpurpose)：识别作者的写作意图8.评价文章(evaluatingthepassage)：评价文章的可信度和价值重要句式：Thepassagemainlydiscusses...文章主要讨论...Theauthor'sattitudeis...作者的态度是...Itcanbeinferredthat...可以推断出...Theword"..."probablymeans..."..."这个词可能意思是...Thepurposeofthepassageisto...文章的目的是...一、根据所给词的适当形式填空1.Thenovelissaid________(translate)intomorethan20languages.【答案】tohavebeentranslated【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：据说这部小说已经被翻译成20多种语言。besaidtodo是固定结构，translate与novel之间是被动关系，且动作已完成，故用不定式的完成被动式。2.Notonly________(be)heagreatscientist,buthewasalsoatalentedmusician.【答案】was【解析】考查倒装结构。句意：他不仅是一位伟大的科学家，还是一位有才华的音乐家。notonly位于句首时，其后的句子要用部分倒装。3.Ifit________(rain)tomorrow,thesportsmeetwillbepostponed.【答案】rains【解析】考查动词时态。句意：如果明天下雨，运动会将被推迟。在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。4.Theproblemrequires________(deal)withimmediately.【答案】dealing/tobedealt【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个问题需要立即处理。require后接动名词表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动式。5.Itisessentialthattheplan________(carry)outsmoothly.【答案】(should)becarried【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：重要的是这个计划要顺利执行。在"Itisessentialthat..."句型中，that从句要用虚拟语气，且plan与carryout之间是被动关系。6.Bythetimeheretires,he________(work)forthiscompanyfor40years.【答案】willhaveworked【解析】考查动词时态。句意：到他退休时，他将已经为这家公司工作40年了。bythetime引导时间状语从句，主句动作在将来某个时间前完成，用将来完成时。7.Theboywaslastseen________(play)neartheriver.【答案】playing【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：有人最后看到这个男孩在河边玩耍。seesbdoing表示"看到某人正在做某事"。8.Sodifficult________theexamthatmanystudentsfailed.【答案】was【解析】考查倒装结构。句意：考试如此之难，以至于许多学生不及格。so...that...结构中，so及其修饰的成分位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。9.I'dratheryou________(nottell)himthenewsyesterday.【答案】hadn'ttold【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我宁愿你昨天没有告诉他这个消息。wouldrather后的从句表示过去的情况，用过去完成时。10.Thebuilding________(construct)nowwillbeanewlibrary.【答案】beingconstructed【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：正在建造的那座大楼将是一个新图书馆。building与construct之间是被动关系，且动作正在进行，用现在分词的被动式。11.Hardly________hebeguntospeakwhentheaudienceinterruptedhim.【答案】had【解析】考查倒装结构。句意：他刚开始讲话，观众就打断了他。hardly...when...结构中，hardly位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装，且主句动作发生在从句动作之前。12.It'snouse________(cry)overspiltmilk.【答案】crying【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为洒了的牛奶哭泣是没有用的。It'snousedoing是固定句型，表示"做...没有用"。13.Thenumberofstudentsinthisschool________(be)increasingsteadily.【答案】is【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：这所学校的学生人数正在稳步增长。thenumberof作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。14.WereIinyourposition,I________(accept)theoffer.【答案】wouldaccept【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我处在你的位置，我会接受这个提议。这是省略if的虚拟条件句，表示与现在事实相反的假设。15.Thebookiswellworth________(read)asecondtime.【答案】reading【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这本书很值得再读一遍。beworthdoing是固定搭配。16.Nosooner________theannouncement________(make)thanprotestsbegan.【答案】had;beenmade【解析】考查倒装结构和动词时态。句意：通知刚一宣布，抗议就开始了。nosooner...than...结构中，nosooner位于句首时主句要倒装，且announcement与make之间是被动关系。17.Heobjectedto________(treat)likeachild.【答案】beingtreated【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他反对被当作孩子对待。objectto中的to是介词，后接动名词，且he与treat之间是被动关系。18.ItisthefirsttimethatI________(visit)thiscity.【答案】havevisited【解析】考查动词时态。句意：这是我第一次访问这个城市。在"Itisthefirsttimethat..."句型中，that从句要用现在完成时。19.Onlybypracticingconstantly________youimproveyourEnglish.【答案】can【解析】考查倒装结构。句意：只有通过不断练习，你才能提高英语水平。"only+状语"位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。20.Ifeellike________(go)forawalkafterdinner.【答案】going【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：晚饭后我想去散步。feellikedoing是固定搭配，表示"想要做某事"。二、选择题1.________theprojectintime,weworkeddayandnight.A.FinishingB.TofinishC.FinishedD.Finish【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了及时完成这个项目，我们夜以继日地工作。此处用不定式作目的状语。2.Ifhe________myadvice,hewouldn'tbeintroublenow.A.tookB.hastakenC.hadtakenD.takes【答案】C【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他当时听了我的建议，现在就不会有麻烦了。表示与过去事实相反的假设。3.Notuntilmidnight________working.A.didhestopB.hestoppedC.stoppedheD.hedidstop【答案】A【解析】考查倒装结构。句意：直到午夜他才停止工作。notuntil位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。4.Thehousewants________,butwecan'tafforditatpresent.A.torepairB.repairingC.repairedD.beingrepaired【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这房子需要修理，但我们目前负担不起。wantdoing表示"需要被..."。5.Itisrequiredthateverystudent________thesafetyrules.A.obeysB.obeyC.willobeyD.hasobeyed【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要求每个学生都要遵守安全规则。在"Itisrequiredthat..."句型中，that从句要用虚拟语气。6.Bynextyear,she________hereforfiveyears.A.willworkB.willhaveworkedC.hasworkedD.works【答案】B【解析】考查动词时态。句意：到明年，她将已经在这里工作五年了。bynextyear表示将来时间，用将来完成时。7.Soexcited________thathecouldn'tfallasleep.A.washeB.hewasC.didheD.hedid【答案】A【解析】考查倒装结构。句意：他如此兴奋，以至于无法入睡。so...that...结构中，so位于句首时主句要倒装。8.Iremember________himatthepartylastnight.A.toseeB.seeingC.seeD.saw【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我记得昨晚在聚会上见过他。rememberdoing表示"记得做过某事"。9.Hadyouarrivedearlier,you________thefamousscientist.A.wouldmeetB.wouldhavemetC.metD.hadmet【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你早到一些，你就会见到那位著名科学家了。这是省略if的虚拟条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设。10.Never________suchabeautifulsunsetbefore.A.IhaveseenB.haveIseenC.IsawD.didIsee【答案】B【解析】考查倒装结构。句意：我以前从未见过如此美丽的日落。never位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。11.Theteacherdoesn'tpermit________intheclassroom.A.smokeB.tosmokeC.smokingD.smoked【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：老师不允许在教室里吸烟。permitdoing是固定用法。12.It'stimewe________tobed.A.goB.wentC.willgoD.havegone【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：现在是我们该睡觉的时候了。It'stime后的从句要用虚拟语气。13.Onlywhenyouhavetriedityourself________howdifficultitis.A.youwillknowB.willyouknowC.youknowD.doyouknow【答案】B【解析】考查倒装结构。句意：只有当你亲自尝试过，你才会知道它有多难。"only+状语从句"位于句首时，主句要倒装。14.Thefilmisworth________twice.A.toseeB.seeingC.seeD.seen【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这部电影值得看两遍。beworthdoing是固定搭配。15.Ifit________foryourhelp,Iwouldn'thavesucceeded.A.wasnotB.werenotC.hadnotbeenD.hasnotbeen【答案】C【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是你的帮助，我不会成功。表示与过去事实相反的假设。16.Little________abouthisownsafetyatthattime.A.doeshecareB.hecaredC.didhecareD.hecares【答案】C【解析】考查倒装结构。句意：当时他几乎不关心自己的安全。little位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。17.Isuggestthatwe________ameetingtodiscusstheproblem.A.holdB.heldC.willholdD.haveheld【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我建议我们开个会来讨论这个问题。suggest表示建议时，其后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。18.Thequestionistoodifficult________.A.toanswerB.answeringC.answeredD.tobeanswered【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个问题太难回答了。too...to...是固定结构，此处用主动形式表示被动意义。19.Notasingleword________whenheheardthebadnews.A.didhesayB.hesaidC.saidheD.doeshesay【答案】A【解析】考查倒装结构。句意：当他听到这个坏消息时，一句话也没说。否定词not位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。20.Heisconsidering________anewcar.A.tobuyB.buyC.buyingD.bought【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他正在考虑买一辆新车。considerdoing是固定搭配。三、阅读理解A（2025年全国普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语（模拟卷02））TheFIFAWorldCupcametoanendinDecember2022.ButtheloveforsoccerisstillverymuchaliveandwellinZibo,ShandongProvince.Ziboiscalled“thehomeofsoccerball”.It’sthebirthplaceoftheancientChinesesportofcuju.In2004,cujuwontherecognitionofFIFA—soccer’sgoverningbody—astheearliestformofsoccer.TheChinesecharactercumeanstokick.Jumeansanancienttypeofleatherball.Ithasfeathers(羽毛)orgrainchaff(谷糠)inside.TheancientChinesehistoricaltextZhanGuoCesayscujuwasaformofamusementam